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18-462: Fisher is an archaic term for a fisherman , revived as gender-neutral. Fisher , Fishers or The Fisher may also refer to: Fisherman Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishers and fish farmers . Fishermen may be professional or recreational . Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period. Fishing has existed as

36-467: A proportion of incidence , although they do not reflect a disease's incidence . They are neither rates , incidence rates , nor ratios (none of which are limited to the range 0–1). They do not take into account time from disease onset to death. Sometimes the term case fatality ratio is used interchangeably with case fatality rate , but they are not the same. A case fatality ratio is a comparison between two different case fatality rates, expressed as

54-423: A hook is called angling , and fishers using this technique are sometimes referred to as anglers . When angling, it is sometimes expected or required that the fish be caught and released . Big-game fishing is fishing from boats to catch large open-water species such as tuna , sharks and marlin . Noodling and trout tickling are also recreational activities. For some communities , fishing provides not only

72-406: A means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period. Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture. Fishing and fishermen have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion ; mullets were worshipped as a sign of the arriving flood season . Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish . In ancient Egyptian literature , the process that Amun used to create

90-473: A ratio. It is used to compare the severity of different diseases or to assess the impact of interventions. Because the CFR is not an incidence rate by not measuring frequency, some authors note that a more appropriate term is case fatality proportion . If 100 people in a community are diagnosed with the same disease, and 9 of them subsequently die from the effects of the disease, the CFR would be 9%. If some of

108-512: A source of food and work but also community and cultural identity. The fishing industry is hazardous for Artisan fishers. Between 1992 and 1999, US commercial fishing vessels averaged 78 deaths per year. The main contributors to fatalities are: Many fishermen, while accepting that fishing is dangerous, staunchly defend their independence. Many proposed laws and additional regulation to increase safety have been defeated because fishers oppose them. Alaska's commercial fishermen work in one of

126-758: Is a continuing pattern of losing 20 to 40 vessels every year. There are still about 100 fishermen who must be rescued each year from cold Alaska waters. Successful rescue is still dependent on the expertly trained personnel of the US Coast Guard Search and Rescue operations, but their efforts can be hindered by the harshness of seas and the weather. Furthermore, the people involved in Search and Rescue operations are themselves at considerable risk of injury or death during these rescue attempts. Fatality rate In epidemiology , case fatality rate ( CFR ) – or sometimes more accurately case-fatality risk –

144-460: Is estimated to be equivalent to an annual fatality rate of 128 per 100,000 workers/year. This fatality rate is 26 times the overall U.S. work-related fatality rate of about 5 per 100,000 workers/year for the same time period. While the work-related fatality rate for commercial fishermen in Alaska is still very high, it does appear to be decreasing: since 1990, there has been a 51 percent decline in

162-504: Is fishing for pleasure or competition. It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for economic profit , or subsistence fishing , which is fishing for survival. The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod , reel , line , hooks and any one of a wide range of baits . Lures are frequently used in place of bait. Some people make handmade lures, including plastic lures and artificial flies . The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with

180-500: Is the proportion of people who have been diagnosed with a certain disease and end up dying of it . Unlike a disease's mortality rate , the CFR does not take into account the time period between disease onset and death. A CFR is generally expressed as a percentage. It is a measure of disease lethality , and thus may change with different treatments . CFRs are most often used for with discrete, limited-time courses, such as acute infections . The mortality rate – often confused with

198-445: The CFR – is a measure of the relative number of deaths (either in general, or due to a specific cause) within the entire population per unit of time. A CFR, in contrast, is the number of deaths among the number of diagnosed cases only, regardless of time or total population. From a mathematical point of view, by taking values between 0 and 1 or 0% and 100%, CFRs are actually a measure of risk ( case fatality risk ) – that is, they are

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216-683: The CFR. A CFR may only be calculated from cases that have been resolved through either death or recovery. The preliminary CFR, for example, of a newly occurring disease with a high daily increase and long resolution time would be substantially lower than the final CFR, if unresolved cases were not excluded from the calculation, but added to the denominator only. CFR in  % = Number of deaths from disease Number of confirmed cases of disease × 100 {\displaystyle {\text{CFR in }}{\%}={\frac {\text{Number of deaths from disease}}{\text{Number of confirmed cases of disease}}}\times 100} Like

234-423: The annual fatality rate. The successes in commercial fishing are due in part to the U.S. Coast Guard implementing new safety requirements in the early 1990s. These safety requirements contributed to 96 percent of commercial fishermen surviving vessel sinkings/capsizings in 2004, whereas in 1991, only 73 percent survived. While the number of occupational deaths of commercial fishermen in Alaska has been reduced, there

252-407: The case fatality rate, the term infection fatality rate (IFR) also applies to infectious diseases , but represents the proportion of deaths among all infected individuals, including all asymptomatic and undiagnosed subjects. It is closely related to the CFR, but attempts to additionally account for inapparent infections among healthy people. The IFR differs from the CFR in that it aims to estimate

270-419: The cases have not yet resolved (neither died nor fully recovered) at the time of analysis, a later analysis might take into account additional deaths and arrive at a higher estimate of the CFR, if the unresolved cases were included as recovered in the earlier analysis. Alternatively, it might later be established that a higher number of people were subclinically infected with the pathogen, resulting in an IFR below

288-798: The fatality rate in both sick and healthy infected: the detected disease (cases) and those with an undetected disease (asymptomatic and not tested group). Individuals who are infected, but show no symptoms, are said to have inapparent , silent or subclinical infections and may inadvertently infect others. By definition, the IFR cannot exceed the CFR, because the former adds asymptomatic cases to its denominator. IFR in  % = Number of deaths from disease Number of infected individuals × 100 {\displaystyle {\text{IFR in }}{\%}={\frac {\text{Number of deaths from disease}}{\text{Number of infected individuals}}}\times 100} Some examples will suggest

306-902: The world is associated with the tilapia 's method of mouth-brooding . According to the FAO , there were about 39 million fishermen in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995. The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person. Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishermen and fish farmers dwell. Most fishermen are involved in offshore and deep-sea fisheries. Women and men fish in some regions inshore from small boats or collect shellfish and seaweed . In many artisanal fishing communities, women or men are responsible for making and repairing nets , post-harvest processing and marketing . Recreational fishing

324-416: The world's harshest environments. The hardships they endure include isolated fishing grounds, high winds, seasonal darkness, very cold water, icing, and short fishing seasons, when very long work days are the norm. Fatigue, physical stress , and financial pressures face most Alaska fishermen through their careers. Out of 948 work-related deaths in Alaska during 1990–2006, one-third (311) were of fishermen. This

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