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50-618: The Flemish Government cabinet consists of up to a maximum of eleven ministers, chosen by the Flemish Parliament . At least one minister must come from Brussels . The ministers are drawn from the political parties which, in practice, form the governing coalition . The Government is chaired by the Flemish Minister-President . Ministers head executive departments of the government administration. Ministers must defend their policies and performance in person before

100-400: A bid that is higher than the maximum bid, the will be notified, allowing he to change the maximum bid and stay in the auction. At the end of the auction, whoever's maximum bid is the most wins the lot. Live bidding is a traditional room-based auction. These can be broadcast via a website where viewers can hear live audio and see live video feeds. The idea is that a bidder places their bid over

150-437: A bidding process. Bidding performs in two ways online: unique bidding and dynamic bidding. Unique bidding: In this case, bidders place bids that are global unique bids which means that for the bid to be eligible, no other person can place the bid in this amount and the biddings are usually secret. There are two variants of this type of bidding : highest unique bidding and lowest unique bidding. Dynamic bidding: This

200-401: A calculated number of bidding points based on insights from historical winning bid averages. The student can then know whether his/her bid is successful only after the bidding round is complete. The allocation of available bid points in closed bidding points thus may not be very efficient. But it allows students to place bids and participate in a bid process that has an extended time duration of

250-792: A certain initiative is admissible and thus can be put to parliament at all. The Flemish Ministers take the oath before the Speaker of the Flemish Parliament. Only the head of the Flemish government, the Flemish Minister-President, takes the oath before the King . The current Speaker of the Flemish Parliament is Liesbeth Homans of the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA). The Speaker of the Flemish Parliament

300-470: A coalition. The composition at the end of the legislature: After the regional elections of 1999 , a coalition of VLD , SP , Agalev and the VU was formed with Patrick Dewael (VLD) as Minister-President. After the federal elections of June 2003 , Patrick Dewael resigned as Minister-President and went to the federal political level. He was succeeded by Bart Somers as Flemish Minister-President until

350-429: A couple of hours to days. In an Open Course bidding process, students are given insights about the exact winning bid required to win a seat at that particular moment in real-time. So they have the option to change/adjust bid points whenever necessary before a bidding round duration is complete. Hence students would be able to adjust winning bid points across high-demand courses and low-demand courses and successfully win

400-678: A decree of the Flemish Community or as a decree of the Flemish Region (or often as a decree combining provisions for both entities). Regional legislation is only applicable to all persons in the Flemish Region whereas community legislation also applies to Flemish institutions or services in Brussels (and thus to persons in Brussels who choose to make use of these institutions or services, such as schools). No hierarchy exists between (federal) laws and Flemish decrees, as each level

450-619: A federation. This competence includes development cooperation and foreign trade. A regular legislative session starts in September, when the Government presents its "September Declaration" ( Septemberverklaring ), a kind of State of the Union . Plenary sessions are usually held on Wednesdays. The Flemish Parliament largely functions like its federal, community and regional counterparts, mutatis mutandis . Bills are usually introduced by

500-455: A maximum seat capacity though a course bidding process using pre allocated bidding points or e-bidding currency on course bidding systems. The price offer a business or individual is willing to sell is also called a bid. The term "bidding" is also used when placing a bet in card games . Bidding is used by various economic niches for determining the demand and hence the value of the article or property, in today's world of advanced technology,

550-465: A parliament for the Flemish Region. Flanders decided as early as 1980 to merge the Flemish Community with the Flemish Region. As a result, Flanders now has a single parliament and a single government with competence over community as well as over regional matters. This Parliament was called the Vlaamse Raad until it was officially renamed Vlaams Parlement (Flemish Parliament) on 13 June 1995. Over

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600-494: A portfolio of courses. The bidding round durations in this case can be shorter durations from 15 minutes to 45 minutes. The typical process sequence of conducting the course bidding activity using course bidding software includes the following rounds: Note the Waitlist Generation might use a closed bidding process to rank students in the waitlist. The Add-Drop rounds allow efficient allocation of seats left after

650-440: A single bid. Bidding consortia among potential competitors are the most common in public and private procurement and were used by some oil companies in U.S. auctions for offshore leases . Bidding consortia allow firms to get resources needed to formulate a valid bid. They may share information about the likely value of the contract based on forecasts or surveys, jointly bear fixed costs, or combine production facilities. In Europe,

700-422: Is a component of the broader concept of sourcing and acquisition. Procurement professionals increasingly realize that their make-buy supplier decisions fall along a continuum, from buying simple transactions to buying more complex and strategic goods and services (e.g. large scale outsourcing efforts). It is important for procurement professionals to use the appropriate sourcing model. There are seven models along

750-425: Is a type of bidding where one user can set his bid for the product. Whether the user is present or not for the bidding, the bidding will automatically increase up to his defined amount. After reaching his bid value, the bidding stops from his side. Timed bidding auctions allow users to bid at any time during a defined time period, simply by entering a maximum bid. Timed auctions take place without an auctioneer calling

800-448: Is an online process that allows a student to select seats in courses or electives that have a seat availability constraint and a maximum cap enforced for each elective course. The process of academic elective course bidding is extensively followed at some of the Top 100 Ranking business schools and law schools. Wherein students receive bid points (mostly uniformly or bid points are calculated on

850-455: Is assisted by the Bureau, which consists of the Speaker, four Deputy Speakers and three Secretaries. The Bureau is responsible for the day-to-day activities of the Flemish Parliament and meets at least once every two weeks. The Extended Bureau, which consists of the Bureau and the floor leaders of the recognised political fractions in the Flemish Parliament coordinates the political activities of

900-446: Is only one person interested in bidding for it in the room. The reserve has been set at $ 100,000, and this bidder is happy to buy it at $ 120,000. The bidding starts at $ 80,000. Without the auctioneer bidding on behalf of the vendor, it would never progress beyond that amount. However, because the auctioneer will take bids or generate bids of $ 85,000, the bidder then goes to $ 90,000 etc. If the bidder wants to, he may bid $ 100,000 and secure

950-399: Is sometime known, is where the auctioneer bids on behalf of the vendor. This is allowed by law in some countries and states, and the auctioneer is allowed to bid on behalf of the vendor up to, but not including, the reserve price. In some cases, this may be extremely helpful for bidders because the reserve needs to be met. For an example, suppose a property is coming up for auction and there

1000-636: Is supposed to have clearly defined subject-matter jurisdiction. The basis for the community subject-matter jurisdiction is defined in the Belgian Constitution, but the Special Law on Institutional Reform defines all matters in high detail. They can be summarised as follows: For all areas within its sphere of competence (both vis-à-vis community or regional competences), the Flemish region can conclude international treaties with other states, whether they are national states or member states of

1050-564: Is used to determine the cost or value of something. Bidding can be performed by a person under influence of a product or service based on the context of the situation. In the context of auctions , financial transactions on international markets, or real estate , the price offer a business or individual is willing to pay is called a bid. In the context of corporate or government procurement initiatives. in Business and Law school students actively bid for high demand elective courses that have

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1100-537: Is why the fight against bid rigging is a top priority in many countries. To detect bid rigging, national competition authorities rely on leniency programs. To reduce the dependency on the external sources, COMCO (Swiss Competition Commission) decided to initiate a long-term project in 2008 to develop a statistical screening tool. This product was supposed to have the following properties: modest data requirements, simplicity, flexibility, reliable results. There are two possible approaches in general: structural methods for

1150-819: The Flemish Opera and the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), were not incorporated into the above structure. Every year, the Minister-President presents the current state of affairs in Flanders and the Government's plans for next year during the September Declaration on the fourth Monday in September. 2018 Flemish budget The below figures use the 2018 budget as example, which had €44.7 billion in expenses and €42.3 billion in revenue. The revenue comes from

1200-672: The legislative power in Flanders for matters which fall within the competence of Flanders, both as a geographic region and as a cultural community of Belgium (unlike the French Community and Wallonia , which each have separate legislatures: the Parliament of the French Community and the Parliament of Wallonia ). The Flemish Parliament approves decrees , which are Flemish laws , applicable to all persons in

1250-445: The regulation of joint bidding in procurement varies across countries. Mergers and joint ventures typically lead to a fewer number of competitors, thus resulting in higher prices for consumers. Bid rigging is a form of collusion among firms intended to raise prices or lower the quality of goods or services offered in public tenders. In spite of it being illegal, this practice costs governments and taxpayers large sums of money. That

1300-526: The European Parliament. Thus, de facto the European decision-makers determine when the Flemish Parliament elections occur. This table shows the distribution of seats following the 2024 regional election : The following table lists each legislative term since 1995, when the Flemish Parliament was first directly elected following the fourth state reform . The parties are ordered by size in

1350-525: The Flanders Today project. Both the print and the online version of the paper are to be shut down in October 2017. Flemish Parliament 50°50′51″N 4°22′03″E  /  50.84750°N 4.36750°E  / 50.84750; 4.36750 Opposition (59) The Flemish Parliament ( Dutch : Vlaams Parlement , formerly called Flemish Council or Vlaamse Raad ) constitutes

1400-467: The Flemish Movement would like the Flemish Parliament to acquire certain sovereign powers in addition to those concerning language, culture and education. Furthermore, among the broader Flemish population a consensus has emerged that the Flemish Parliament should also acquire much larger financial and fiscal autonomy. The Flemish Parliament enacts decrees , which are Flemish laws , either as

1450-400: The Flemish Parliament and sets the agenda for the plenary session. It usually meets every week on Monday. Much of the work of the Flemish Parliament is done in committee. The Flemish Parliament currently has eleven standing committees. Each committee is specialised in a particular subject area and consists of 15 Members of the Flemish Parliament. The primary task of the committees is to examine

1500-711: The Flemish Parliament. The Flemish Government must receive and keep the confidence of the Flemish Parliament. Until 1993 the Flemish Government was called the Flemish Executive ( Vlaamse Executieve ). The coalition replaced the Jambon Government following the 2024 Belgian federal election and again consisted of three parties, together having a narrow majority of 65 seats out of 124 seats total. The     N-VA (31 seats) and     CD&V (16 seats) were already part of

1550-742: The Flemish Region, and to Flemish institutions in Brussels; it appoints and supervises the Flemish Government ; and it approves the Flemish budget. The Flemish Parliament meets in the Flemish Parliament building in central Brussels , and its members and staff are housed in the House of the Flemish Representatives. From 1830 until 1970 Belgium was a unitary state with a single government and a bicameral national parliament. The laws issued by Parliament applied to all Belgians, and government ministers exercised their authority across

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1600-514: The Flemish Region. They have voting rights for both regional and community competencies. Six members are directly elected in the Brussels-Capital Region by those voters who voted for a Dutch-speaking party in the Brussels regional elections. They have no voting rights for the regional competencies. The elections take place every five years, simultaneously with the elections for the other regional and community parliaments and for

1650-413: The Flemish civil service is designed to make the Flemish public administration more efficient and transparent. The tasks of the Flemish public administration are now organised in 13 policy areas. Each policy area comprises a department and a number of (semi-) independent government agencies. Only those with their own article are mentioned below. The 11 policy areas are: Several other institutes, such as

1700-446: The Government ( ontwerp van decreet ), but members of parliament can also propose bills ( voorstel van decreet or private member's bill ). Bills are first considered in committee, after which they are put to a vote in the plenary. Votes are usually recorded electronically. For example during the 2009–14 legislature, 407 government bills were adopted, while only 102 private member's bills were made law. 118 members are directly elected in

1750-508: The Internet in real-time. Effectively it is like being at a real auction, in the comfort of the home. Timed bidding, on the other hand, is a separate auction altogether, which allows bidders to participate without the need to see or hear the live event. It is another way of bidding, that is more convenient to the bidder. Most large organizations have formal procurement organizations that acquire goods and services on their behalf. Procurement

1800-410: The Internet is a favoured platform for providing bidding facilities; it is a natural way of determining the price of a good in a free market economy . Many similar terms that may or may not use the similar concept have been evolved in the recent past in connection to bidding, such as reverse auction , social bidding, or many other game-class ideas that promote themselves as bidding. Academic bidding

1850-441: The basis of their CGPA), students may utilize these bid points to select courses and place winning bids on an online course bidding software platform during the bidding activities. The process of bidding varies between different educational institutions, but overall the idea of winning places through an auction remains the same. There are two main types of academic bidding In a Closed Course bidding process students can allocate

1900-518: The empirical identification of markets prone to collusion and behavioral methods to analyze the concrete behavior of firms in specific markets. In the case of behavioral methods, a number of statistical markers are watched. The markers divide into price- and quantity-related markers. The price-related markers use the information in the structure of the winning and losing bids to identify suspect bidding behavior. The quantity-related markers are meant to identify collusive behavior from developments in

1950-505: The end of term in 2004. Due to changes in political parties, the coalition was different: After the regional elections of 1995 (which were the first direct elections for the Flemish Parliament), a coalition of CVP and SP was formed. The Flemish administration (Dutch: Vlaamse overheid ) denotes the Flemish civil service . With the 2006 reform program Better Administrative Policy (Dutch: Beter Bestuurlijk Beleid ),

2000-432: The following sources: The expenses are as follows per policy area: The Flemish Government owns the rights to Flanders Today , an English-speaking online and print newspaper focused on current affairs in Flanders and Brussels. The project was launched in 2007 by Geert Bourgeois – then Minister of Foreign Affairs and Tourism -, for three main reasons: In May 2017, the Flemish Government announced it would not be rebidding

2050-749: The last thirty years, Flanders has thus developed into a separate state within the federalised Belgium. Members are called " Vlaamse Volksvertegenwoordigers ". In English , they are referred to as "Members of the Flemish Parliament" (MFPs), like the MSPs in Scotland and the MEPs in the European Union . The title "Flemish Representative" is also used in English. Since 1995 members of the Flemish Parliament have been directly elected. Currently, many voices in

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2100-633: The length and breadth of the country. Between 1970 and 2001 the Belgian Parliament approved five successive constitutional reforms. Slowly they changed Belgium from a unitary into a federal state. Part of this was to give the communities and later the regions, their own parliaments. On 7 December 1971 the Cultural Council for the Dutch-speaking Cultural Community held its first meeting; later followed

2150-551: The outgoing coalition, with     Vooruit (18 seats) now replacing the Open Vld . Following the 7 June 2009 election ,   CD&V (31 seats),   N-VA (16 seats) and   SP.A (19 seats) parties formed a coalition. Following the 2004 election ,     CD&V (29 seats)/     N-VA (6 seats),     sp.a /     Sociaal-Liberale Partij (25 seats) and     Open Vld (19 seats) parties formed

2200-458: The prices asked for acquiring these items. In transportation services procurement auctions, the BCP is addressed by the carrier to determine the set of profitable auctioned transportation contracts to bid on and their bidding prices. We distinguish two forms of the BCP depending in the nature of its parameters: deterministic vs stochastic. Bidding off the wall, or taking bids from the chandelier, as it

2250-417: The property on the reserve price. The result is that the vendor has sold the property at reserve and the purchaser has bought the property on the reserve price at less than he was prepared to pay. Without the auctioneer taking bids off the wall, this would never have happened. All professional auctioneers do this with all types of auctions, including motor vehicles. As long as they are pushing it up towards

2300-423: The reserve price, then it is not an issue. If you don't want to bid at the price the auctioneer is asking, don't bid. If the goods don't meet the reserve and no-one but you wants to buy, then if the auctioneer didn't bid off the wall to meet the required price, the goods wouldn't be sold anyway. Joint bidding, appearing in procurement tendering and auctions, is the practice of two or more similar firms submitting

2350-484: The respective term. Green coloured parties indicate the government majority, whereas red parties form the opposition. 1995–1999 1999–2004 2004–2009 2009–2014 2014–2019 2019–2024 2024–present At the beginning of each parliamentary year, on the fourth Monday in September, the Flemish Parliament elects its Speaker . The Speaker chairs the plenary sessions of the Flemish Parliament and acts as its official representative. The speaker determines whether

2400-431: The sale, so bidders don't have to wait for a lot to be called. This means that a bidder doesn't have to keep his eye on a live auction at a specific time. By entering a maximum bid, a user is indicating the highest he is willing to pay for a lot. An automated bidding service will bid on his behalf to ensure that he meets the reserve price, or that he always stays in the lead, up to his maximum bid. If someone else has placed

2450-484: The sourcing/bidding continuum: basic provider, approved provider, preferred provider, performance-based/managed services model, vested business model, shared services model and equity partnerships. The Bid Construction Problem (BCP) or the Bid Generation Problem (BGP) is a NP-Hard combinatorial optimization problem addressed by the bidder in order to determine items it is interested to bid on and

2500-565: The texts of decree proposals and organise hearings and discussions on decree proposals. There are usually also ad hoc committees, such as the Digital Flanders Committee and the Flemish Constitution Committee. Bidding Bidding is an offer (often competitive ) to set a price tag by an individual or business for a product or service or a demand that something be done. Bidding

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