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The Flo Pass ( Norwegian : Flo-pasningen ) is a tactic used in association football , associated with the Norway national team in the early to mid-1990s. In a 4–5–1 formation , the full back hits a very long cross-field pass forward to a player on the opposite flank (sometimes called a wide target man ), who would head the ball to either one of the central midfielders or to the striker .

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45-512: In the original move, employed by the Norway national team, the move would be started by Stig Inge Bjørnebye , and end with Jostein Flo (after whom the tactic derives its name). Flo, at 6 ft 4in, was a natural centre forward with his physicality and height. When playing on the right flank, he could exploit his aerial ability against the full backs . Norwegian head coach Egil "Drillo" Olsen , who

90-621: A "long ball" policy that was contingent on the height of Olsen's squad. The tactic of directing long passes to the tall winger Jostein Flo , principally delivered by Bjørnebye, became popularly referred to in Norway as the " Flo Pass " (Flo-pasningen). Although criticised for employing the long-ball approach and maintaining a defensively-orientated mentality, Olsen secured qualification for the World Cups of 1994 and 1998 . Bjørnebye participated in both tournaments – seven matches in total. He decided to retire from international football after

135-424: A 35-minute substitute for his Liverpool colleague Vegard Heggem . He retained his place, featuring in the goalless draw against Slovenia on 21 June 2000, which eliminated Norway from the tournament. His final international match was in a 1–1 draw World Cup qualifier on 7 October 2000 against Wales , placing him ninth in the overall record of appearances for Norway as of 2007. Bjørnebye returned to football in

180-940: A 3–3 draw against Middlesbrough . He contributed to the club's most convincing title challenge since the inception of the Premier League by supplying club strikers Stan Collymore and Robbie Fowler with precise crosses. He was ultimately included in the PFA Team of the Year with Steve McManaman and Mark Wright . The acquisition of Steve Staunton and arrival of Gérard Houllier in the 1998–99 season, limited Bjørnebye's first-team opportunities, leading to his effective marginalisation. Bjørnebye affirmed his recurring determination to stay at Liverpool that season, remarking "If I didn't have any fight in my stomach I'd have left Liverpool at least three times before". Unable to displace Staunton and Dominic Matteo , Bjørnebye agreed to

225-691: A first-team regular in the Norwegian top division . After three seasons with Kongsvinger, he transferred to Rosenborg in 1992, where he in his inaugural season won the Norwegian top division and the Norwegian Cup , in the final of which he scored the deciding goal against Lillestrøm SK . His performances merited inclusion in the national team and attracted the attention of Liverpool's manager Graeme Souness , who bought Bjørnebye for £ 600,000 less than one year after moving to Rosenborg. Signed as

270-432: A fixture result in a draw after normal time, the winner is settled by a period of extra time , and if still necessary, a penalty shootout . Earlier, fixtures resulting in a draw (after normal time) would go to a replay , played at the venue of the away team. The first Cup Final to go to a replay was the 1945 final, between Lyn and Fredrikstad . The initial tie finished 1–1 and the first replay also finished 1–1. Lyn won

315-540: A loan move to Danish side Brøndby IF in 2000, who finished second in the Danish Superliga with Bjørnebye on the team. He decided to permanently leave Liverpool after returning from the European Championship , accepting a £300,000 transfer to Blackburn Rovers that reunited him with former manager Graeme Souness. Promotion to the Premier League was achieved in his first year with Rovers, in

360-589: A non-playing capacity when he was selected by the Norwegian Football Association to replace Harald Aabrekk as Norway's assistant manager, subordinate to the newly appointed Åge Hareide . Prior to the announcement, the media in England had reported that Bjørnebye was considering maintaining a relationship with Blackburn by becoming a scout for the club. He vacated his position in 2006 to succeed Tom Nordlie as manager of IK Start . Success

405-512: A regular place in the senior team, supplanting the left back position from Julian Dicks , and featured in the 2–1 win against Bolton Wanderers in the final of the 1995 League Cup Final on 2 April 1995. Subsequent injury, a broken leg sustained on 5 April 1995 in a 3–1 win match against Southampton , terminated his season and he was replaced by Steve Harkness . "I am not very good at [remembering what my fondest footballing memories are] but if I had to pick, I would say my time with Rosenborg,

450-469: A replacement for David Burrows , Bjørnebye debuted inauspiciously on 19 December 1992 in a 5–1 defeat to Coventry City . Initial difficulties adapting to the Premier League caused many fans to question his displays on the pitch and he returned to Norway on loan to Rosenborg in 1994. Bjørnebye's experiences as a Reds' player in the 1994–95 season, under the management of Roy Evans , were markedly more successful than that of previous campaigns. He gained

495-456: A training accident. He complained of double vision, underwent surgery, and was rendered unavailable for seven months. Further injury inflicted during a League Cup match on 17 December 2002, in a 2–0 win against Wigan Athletic escalated, while Bjørnebye was recovering in Norway, necessitating emergency surgery to avert the possibility of foot amputation. Bjørnebye announced his retirement on 11 March 2003. Blackburn manager Graeme Souness reacted to

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540-499: Is also able to surprise the opponent in a counterattack. This kind of tactical play sent Norway, traditionally a weak football nation, to the runner-up spot at the FIFA ranking in 1997, second only to FIFA World Cup winner Brazil . Stig Inge Bj%C3%B8rnebye Stig Inge Bjørnebye (born 11 December 1969) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played in Norway, England, and Denmark, most notably for Liverpool , and

585-502: Is currently the sports director of the Danish football club AGF Aarhus . His preferred position was left back , which he occupied for domestic clubs and the national team. Bjørnebye was appointed assistant manager of Norway in 2003, relinquishing the role three years later to succeed Tom Nordlie as manager of IK Start . He was the sports director of Rosenborg Ballklub from March 2015 until November 2019. For club and country, Bjørnebye

630-529: Is not in the Norwegian top flight. In the past, if the Cup winning team also qualified for the following season's Champions League or Europa League through their league position, then the losing Cup finalist were given this European berth instead. Norwegian Cup winners enter the Europa League at the second qualifying round. Losing finalists, if they haven't qualified for Europe via the league, began earlier, at

675-474: Is the main knockout cup competition in Norwegian football . It is run by the Football Association of Norway and has been contested since 1902, making it the oldest football tournament in the country. The tournament is commonly known as Cupen ("The Cup"), NM or NM Cup ( NM Cupen ), an acronym formed from Norgesmesterskap (" Norwegian Championship "). These terms are used to describe both

720-400: Is to exploit the fact that the two players with best heading and aerial abilities in a back four are usually playing as centre backs . Jostein Flo was a threat in the air and when he moved out towards the right wing he only had to face the left back, who was usually weaker in the air than the central defenders. This increased the possibility of winning the ball, and the side was able to build up

765-444: Is very popular in Norway, and tickets for the final match are hard to get hold of, as the game usually sells out quickly. The supporters of the two teams playing in the final match are seated at the two short-ends of the pitch, while the more neutral supporters are seated by the long-ends. The match is also televised on national television. Most entrants from level 4 and all entrants from level 5 have to play to qualifying rounds to join

810-512: The Norwegian Football Association decided that the Women's final would be played at Bislett Stadium instead of Ullevaal Stadion , which caused some debate. The Football Association claimed that two matches over one weekend would cause too much wear on the Ullevaal pitch, while representatives for the clubs claimed that the move was discriminating against women's football. When the semi-finals of

855-549: The Norwegian Football Association , and the top flight teams are usually pitted against fairly weak amateur teams, often in rural areas, on the amateur team's home pitch. Early upsets, where an amateur team knocks a professional team out of the tournament do happen occasionally. For example, in 2012 the Eliteserien teams Sandnes Ulf and Sogndal were knocked out in the first round by the third division (fourth tier) teams Staal Jørpeland IL and Florø SK respectively. Even if

900-577: The 1948 cup final. Before the proper rounds take place, two qualifying rounds are played in March and April. 176 clubs from tier 4 and 5 enter the first qualifying round and 44 of these advance to the first round where they are joined by 84 teams from tiers 1, 2 and 3. The first round of the cup are played in April, around the same time as the Eliteserien season starts. The first two rounds are set up by

945-401: The 1998 World Cup, intending to focus on his domestic career and family. Bjørnebye unexpectedly reversed his decision after Nils Johan Semb persuaded him to return to the squad for Euro 2000 . Unused in Norway's 1–0 win against Spain on 13 June 2000, Bjørnebye was first introduced to the competition in the second match of the group stage, in a 0–1 loss on 18 June 2000 against Yugoslavia , as

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990-466: The Norwegian Cup has been won by 27 different teams. Teams shown in italics are no longer in existence. Since 1978, an official cup for women's clubs has also been played. The women's cup final is usually played on a Saturday, the day before the men's cup final. The 1978 cup final between BUL and Trondheims-Ørn was the only Norwegian cup final to be decided on penalties. Before the 2006 final,

1035-531: The World Cup game against Mexico in 1994 and my three cup finals – at Ullevaal, Wembley and the Millennium Stadium," Unavailable for several months, Bjørnebye appeared just twice for Liverpool in the 1995–96 season. Recovery and injuries to other left back candidates enabled Bjørnebye to reclaim his place the following season , in which he scored his first goal for Liverpool on 17 August 1996 in

1080-467: The amateur team loses, squaring off against a professional team may well be the highlight of their season. From the third round to the semi-final, matchups are drawn at random, the teams face off once, and the winner goes on to the next round. The final match is played at Ullevaal Stadium (national stadium) in November or December, and takes place near the end of the Norwegian football season. The cup

1125-411: The attack from here, preferably before the opposing team have the opportunity to re-organize their defence. Another advantage with this kind of play is that a technically limited football nation such as Norway, with only about 5 million people and much snow in winter time limiting the possibilities to practice, can play to their strengths rather than their weaknesses. This moves the ball very quickly, and

1170-497: The competition proper. Reserve teams of Eliteserien clubs, who are eligible to play in 2. divisjon (level 3) cannot enter. Depending on the number of reserve teams, the first round proper will be filled with the best clubs from level 4 until the number of teams from levels 1–4 is 84. Clubs from higher levels are then added in the first round, as per the table below. The months in which rounds are played are traditional, with exact dates subject to each year's calendar. In all rounds, if

1215-487: The decision with a statement: It's a very sad day. As far as I am concerned it could hardly be worse for Stig is the consummate dedicated professional. He is as good a professional as any I have worked with, I couldn’t name anybody better and he is [a] fine role model and a proper, proper human being. Stig has had a wonderful career, it's a great shame that it has to end with a freak training-ground accident as he felt, quite rightly, that he could have played longer. Bjørnebye

1260-543: The final 5–4 on penalties. Prior to 2020, the Cup winners qualified for the following season's UEFA Europa League (formerly named the UEFA Cup; from its launch in 1960 until 1998, they entered the now-defunct UEFA Cup Winners' Cup instead). Effecting from the 2020 Norwegian Cup, winners qualify for the UEFA Europa Conference League . This European place applies even if the team is relegated or

1305-461: The first qualifying round. From the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League season, however, UEFA does not allow the runners-up to qualify for the Europa League through the competition. If the winner – and until 2015, the runner-up – has already qualified for Europe through their league position (with the exception of the UEFA Cup until 1998), the Cup berth was then given to the highest-place team in the league who has not yet qualified. Since its establishment,

1350-416: The history of Norwegian football to do so two consecutive seasons. As the sports director of Rosenborg Ballklub he has many responsibilities, among many others signing on new players and renewing contracts with existing players. The most notable signing came on 6 March 2017: Nicklas Bendtner signed on for a three-year contract with the Norwegian side. This was the most surprising and most notable signing in

1395-695: The history of Norwegian football . Teammate Pål André Helland commented: "It shouldn't come as a surprise if he becomes the top scorer and we win the league ." In 2021 Bjørnebye succeeded Peter Christiansen as the sports director of the Superligaen club AGF in Denmark. Bjørnebye is married to the former Byåsen IL handball player Hege Frøseth , with whom he has three children. Rosenborg Liverpool Blackburn Rovers Individual Norwegian Cup The Norwegian Football Cup ( Norwegian : Norgesmesterskapet i fotball for herrer )

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1440-472: The men's and women's competitions. The equivalent competition for women's teams is the Norwegian Women's Football Cup . The Norwegian Football Cup is a national championship, meaning that while the Eliteserien may be the most prestigious competition to win, it is the winners of the Cup who are awarded the title "Norwegian football champions". This differs from, for example, English football , where

1485-671: The most successful clubs with 12 titles each. The first cup was played in 1902, and Oscar II presented the King's Cup to the inaugural tournament. This was an invitation tournament organised by Kristiania IF and the Norwegian Football Association, which was later given official status. Five teams joined the competition, and Odd reached the final without playing a match. Grane won the first Norwegian Cup after they defeated Odd 2–0 at Gamle Frogner Stadion , Kristiania . The first tournament who had official status at

1530-410: The outbreak of World War II , the competition was not played between the 1940 and 1945 editions. The competition was not nationwide until 1963. 1963 was the first year clubs from Northern Norway were allowed to participate, this was due to a poor communication system in the northern parts of Norway and to the belief that the clubs in the three northern counties could not compete on the same level as

1575-402: The process, Bjørnebye scored his only goal for the club on 11 November 2000, in a 2–2 draw against Portsmouth. His final trophy was gained when Blackburn defeated Tottenham Hotspur 2–1 in the 2002 League Cup Final . Successive injuries after the cup victory disrupted and eventually ended his career as a footballer. While preparing for the 2002–03 season, Bjørnebye fractured his eye socket in

1620-492: The second replay 4–0. The only other time the final has taken three matches to settle was the 1965 final between Oslo rivals Skeid and Frigg (2–2, 1–1, 2–1). The last replayed final was the 1995 final , when Rosenborg and Brann fought a 1–1 draw. The replay saw Rosenborg win the Cup, with the score 3–1. The first final to be decided by a penalty shootout was the 2009 final between Molde and Aalesund . The score ended 1–1 after normal time and 2–2 after extra time. Aalesund won

1665-511: The southern clubs ( Bodø/Glimt – one of the two northern newcomers – did stay in the cup to the fourth round that year). Until 1963, teams from Northern Norway competed in their own Northern Norwegian Championships. Before the 2004 cup final, NRK awarded the 1986 final between Tromsø and Lillestrøm with the title Tidenes Cupfinale (Best cup final ever), and ex- Rosenborg striker Gøran Sørloth with Tidenes Cuphelt (Best cup hero ever). The final has been played at Ullevaal Stadion since

1710-402: The time of the events was the 1904 Norwegian Cup and was won by Odd. In the beginning, the cup was open for county champions only. This continued until 1917, when the cup was opened for all clubs of a certain standing. League football began with the 1937–38 season , and Fredrikstad became the first team to win a domestic double by winning both the league and the cup in the same year. Due to

1755-637: The winners of the Premier League are the ones who become English champions. Winners receive the King 's trophy. Winners also qualify for the Europa League second qualifying round and a place in the Mesterfinalen , the Norwegian super cup match. The current Norwegian champions and holders of the cup are Molde , who defeated Bodø/Glimt 1–0 in the 2023 final . Odd and Rosenborg are

1800-480: Was capped 75 times by Norway , scoring once – an olympic goal in a 1–0 friendly against the United States on 8 September 1993. Having represented his country at youth, under-21 , and "B" level, Bjørnebye debuted for the senior team on 31 May 1989 against Austria . The majority of his caps were collected during Egil Olsen 's eight-year tenure as manager of Norway. Under Olsen's guidance, Norway employed

1845-455: Was born in Elverum , the son of skier Jo Inge Bjørnebye , who competed in the 1968 and 1972 Winter Olympics . As a child, Bjørnebye exhibited an interest in emulating his father by becoming a ski jumper . His footballing career began as a youth player with home club Elverum IL , before joining Strømmen IF in the late 1980s. He moved to Kongsvinger IL in 1989, establishing himself as

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1890-569: Was forthcoming in his first season; the club competed in Europe and Bjørnebye was the highest earning coach of the season, ahead of his predecessor Nordlie, with an income of almost seven million krone . His appointment lasted two seasons, ending with dismissal in September 2007, after a series of poor results that placed the club in serious danger of being relegated from the Tippeligaen . He

1935-463: Was noted for his precise deliveries from the flanks. Described as a "solid, no-nonsense full-back", Bjørnebye played competitive football for 16 years, and appeared in 194 Premier League matches, until injury compelled retirement in March 2003. He played for the Norwegian national team in the 1994 and 1998 FIFA World Cup and the Euro 2000 and was capped 75 times, scoring once. Stig Inge Bjørnebye

1980-406: Was replaced by Benny Lennartsson , who was unable to preserve the club's premier league status; Start were relegated to Norway's second tier . On 15 March 2015, Stig Inge Bjørnebye succeeded Erik Hoftun as the sports director of Eliteserien club, Rosenborg Ballklub . He since has won The Double with Rosenborg Ballklub two seasons (2015 and 2016). Rosenborg Ballklub is the first club in

2025-509: Was the Norway national team coach between 1990–98 and 2009–13, has been credited and strongly identified with this tactic. The Flo pass was successfully deployed for the first time in February 1993, in a 1–1 friendly draw with Portugal . On this occasion Pål Lydersen – not Bjørnebye – launched the ball to Flo, leading to Gøran Sørloth scoring Norway's goal. The purpose of the Flo pass

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