Flüelen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland .
47-498: Flüelen is first mentioned in 1266 as Vluolon . Flüelen formed an important transshipment point on Switzerland's transport system for many centuries, and at least since the opening of the first track across the Gotthard Pass in 1230. The various routes across the pass reached Lake Lucerne at Flüelen, and until the latter half of the 19th century the lake provided the best onward link to the cities of northern Switzerland. In
94-549: A Fachhochschule ). In 2014 the crime rate, of the over 200 crimes listed in the Swiss Criminal Code (running from murder, robbery and assault to accepting bribes and election fraud), in Flüelen was 44.3 per thousand residents, which is only 68.6% of the average rate in the entire country. During the same period, the rate of drug crimes was 2 per thousand residents, or about one-fifth the national rate. However,
141-561: A day. With the Gotthard Road Tunnel (opened in 1980) the pass itself was again reduced to limited importance for traffic. In addition to the National Road 2, crossing the pass and connecting Göschenen with Airolo , several tunnels provide access through the massif. The first one, the 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) Gotthard Rail Tunnel , opened in 1882 for railway traffic at a cost of around 200 workers' lives (there
188-781: A major transport axis of Europe, and it is crossed by three traffic tunnels, each being the world's longest at the time of their construction: the Gotthard Rail Tunnel (1882), the Gotthard Road Tunnel (1980) and the Gotthard Base Tunnel (2016). With the Lötschberg to the west, the Gotthard is one of the two main north-south routes through the Swiss Alps . Since the Middle Ages, transit across
235-420: A total of 87 employees. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 491 jobs in 91 businesses. There were 9 small businesses with a total of 233 employees and one mid sized business with a total of 80 employees. In 2014 a total of 2.5% of the population received social assistance. In 2015 local hotels had a total of 12,467 overnight stays, of which 74.8% were international visitors. In the 2015 federal election
282-717: Is a mountain pass in the Alps traversing the Saint-Gotthard Massif and connecting northern Switzerland with southern Switzerland . The pass lies between Airolo in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino , and Andermatt in the German-speaking canton of Uri , and connects further Bellinzona and Lugano to Lucerne , Basel , and Zürich . The Gotthard Pass lies at the heart of the Gotthard ,
329-526: Is named Lago della Piazza and has a surface of 3.94 hectares. South of Lago della Piazza are the Hospice (Italian: Ospizio) and National Museum, as well as a hotel and restaurants. Another official road sign displaying an elevation of 2,091 metres (6,860 ft) lies there. A few kilometres away and slightly above the Gotthard Pass are found two large dams and artificial lakes: Lago di Lucendro at
376-556: Is uncertainty as to the exact toll). The second one, the 17 kilometres (11 mi) Gotthard Road Tunnel (a motorway tunnel), opened in 1980. It was closed for two months in 2001 following a fatal fire. Both railway and motorway tunnels have portals in Göschenen and Airolo, at around 1,150 metres above sea level, and are close to each other. Either rail and road traffics through these tunnels are sometimes shut down during harsh weather conditions, particularly in winter. The last tunnel,
423-509: The Pfaffenbrief of 1370, was the guarantee of peace along the road from Zürich to the Gotthard Pass. The Swiss also had an interest in extending their influence south of the Alps to secure the trade route across the pass to Milan . Beginning in 1331, they initially exerted their influence through peaceful trade agreements, but in the 15th century, their involvement turned military . 1403
470-692: The Christian Democratic Party ( French : Parti démocrate-chrétien , PDC), Democratic People's Party ( Italian : Partito Popolare Democratico , PPD) and Swiss Christian Democratic Party ( Romansh : Partida cristiandemocratica Svizra , PCD), was a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland . On 1 January 2021, it merged with the Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland (BDP/PBD) to form The Centre , which now operates at
517-793: The NRLA project, reduced the 3 hour 40 min rail journey from Zürich to Milan by one hour, while increasing the size and number of trains that can operate along the route because the line is nearly level, compared with the spirals of the older tunnel. A number of international artists have been inspired by the dramatic scenery of the Gotthard Pass, the Schöllenen Gorge and the Teufelsbrücke. Christian Democratic People%27s Party of Switzerland The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland ( German : Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz , CVP), also called
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#1732772295498564-563: The Po and ultimately into the Adriatic Sea . The Gotthard Pass was formerly known as Monte Tremolo (its southern slope is still known as Val Tremola ). A chapel dedicated to Saint Gotthard of Hildesheim (died in 1038, canonized 1131), who was considered the patron saint of mountain passes, was built on the southern slope of the pass and consecrated by the archbishop of Milan , Enrico da Settala , in 1230. The pass soon became known after
611-599: The Schifffahrtsgesellschaft des Vierwaldstättersees (Lake Lucerne Navigation Company; SGV). In 1906, the Altdorf–Flüelen tramway was constructed to connect the centre of Altdorf with Fluelen railway station . The electric tramway operated until 1951, when it was replaced by a bus service. Gotthard Pass The Gotthard Pass or St. Gotthard Pass ( Italian : Passo del San Gottardo ; German : Gotthardpass ) at 2,106 m (6,909 ft)
658-472: The political spectrum , advocating Christian democracy , the social market economy and moderate social conservatism . The party was strongest in Catholic rural areas, particularly Central Switzerland and Valais . The Catholic-Conservative Party of Switzerland ( German : Katholisch-Konservative Partei der Schweiz ) was founded in 1912. From 1919 on, the party occupied two out of the seven seats in
705-467: The 13th century the Castle of Rudenz was built in Flüelen as an Imperial customs post to collect customs fees from the Gotthard traffic. Flüelen has an area (as of the 2004/09 survey) of 12.38 km (4.78 sq mi). Of this area, about 23.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 58.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 6.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and 11.6% is unproductive land. In
752-462: The 16th century (attestation of the name Teiffels Brucken in 1587) but more likely formed in the 17th century, and is first recorded in the early 18th century, by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer . A new road, including a tunnel with a length of c. 60 m, was built in 1707/8. The tunnel, known as Urnerloch , was the first road tunnel to be built in the Alps. It was constructed by Pietro Morettini (1660–1737). The path across Schöllenen Gorge, and thus across
799-528: The 1950s, having three members of the Federal Council (1954–1958) before agreeing to the magic formula . It adopted its current name in 1970. From 1979 to 2003 , the party's vote declined, mostly in the favour of the Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC); the party was reduced to one Federal Councillor at the 2003 Federal Council election . The party sat in the centre to centre-right of
846-595: The 1990s, conservative voters from former strongholds of the CVP switched to vote for the right-wing populist Swiss People's Party . From the 1995 election to the 2019 election , the CVP's vote share decreased from 16.8% to 11.4%. After the 2003 election , Ruth Metzler of the CVP, was replaced by Christoph Blocher of the Swiss People's Party on the Federal Council , leaving the CVP with only one seat in
893-482: The 2004/09 survey a total of 45 ha (110 acres) or about 3.6% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 7 ha (17 acres) over the 1981/85 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by 2 ha (4.9 acres) and is now about 0.56% of the total area. Of the agricultural land 90 ha (220 acres) is fields and grasslands and 285 ha (700 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1981/85
940-404: The 369 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 37.1% were single family homes and 39.3% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 22.0% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 11.1% were built between 1991 and 2000. In 2013 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 2.52. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2015, was 2.45%. Most of
987-441: The 57 kilometres (35 mi) Gotthard Base Tunnel (a double-tube railway tunnel), opened in 2016. At around 500 metres above sea level, it provides for the first time a flat route through the massif and the Alps from the northern plains at Erstfeld to the southern plains at Bodio . It is the longest and deepest railway tunnel in the world. This tunnel, combined with two shorter tunnels planned near Zürich and Lugano as part of
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#17327722954981034-481: The CVP uphold rather centrist policies, stands in contrast to the traditional role of the CVP as the leading party in rather Catholic -dominated cantons of central Switzerland and the cantons of Valais . There, the electorate was mostly socially conservative . The CVP had three main policies in the political centre : Following continuing losses in the federal parliamentary elections until 2003, in December 2003,
1081-635: The Center" ( German : Die Mitte , CVP; French : Le Centre , PDC; Italian : il Centro , PPD; Romansh : il Center ) which is the name of the parliamentary group that the CVP shares with the other center-right parties, the Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland and the Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland . The merger was ratified by a vote of the entire party in November 2020. Cantonal parties were not required to adopt
1128-522: The Conservative-Christian-Social People's Party ( German : Konservativ-Christlichsoziale Volkspartei ) and to its current name in 1970. In the ensuing decades, the Catholic voter base dissolved somewhat. The reduction of the voter base, in addition to less cohesion among politicians in the party, led to six successive losses in federal elections after 1980. The party lost its support over a number of years. Beginning in
1175-429: The Gotthard massif, a massif lying at the heart of the Swiss Alps , between the cantons of Valais , Ticino, Grisons and Uri. The pass itself is the lowest point between the summits of Pizzo Lucendro (west) and Pizzo Centrale (east). It connects the cantons of Uri (north) and Ticino (south), its summit (2,106 metres (6,909 ft), indicated by a road sign) being located in the latter canton, about 2 km south of
1222-580: The Gotthard played an important role in Swiss history, the region north of the Gotthard becoming the nucleus of the Swiss Confederacy in the 13th century, after the pass became a vital trade route between Northern and Southern Europe. The Gotthard is sometimes referred to as the "King of Mountain Passes" because of its central and strategic location. The Gotthard Pass lies on the main watershed of
1269-606: The Swiss Federal Council (executive body). In 2005, it held 20.7% of the seats in the Swiss Cantonal governments and 16.7% in the Swiss Cantonal parliaments (index "BADAC", weighted with the population and number of seats). At the last legislative national elections , 22 October 2007, the party won 14.6% of the popular vote and 31 out of 200 seats in the National Council lower house. This
1316-403: The amount of agricultural land has decreased by 16 ha (40 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 7 ha (17 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 9 ha (22 acres) in the municipality. The municipality is located along Lake Lucerne . It developed as a transshipment point on the trade routes over the Gotthard pass and along the lake. It consists of
1363-650: The border with Uri. The valleys connected by the pass are that of the river Reuss , named the Urseren , and that of the river Ticino , named Valle Leventina . The Gotthard axis is the most important route between Central Switzerland as well as most of the northern part of the country and the southern region of Ticino. It is the most direct link between Zürich and Lugano and also between some regions of northern Europe and Italy ( Rotterdam-Basel-Genoa axis ). The nearest towns are Hospental (7 km north) near Andermatt and Airolo (4 km south), respectively in
1410-445: The cabinet. Aided by the political climate of the postwar period, the party experienced its peak in the 1950s: It was represented by the biggest parliamentary delegation in the Federal Council , and from 1954 to 1958 the party occupied three out of seven seats in the cabinet. Nonetheless, the party had to relinquish the third seat in favor of the ' magic formula ', which was introduced to the cabinet in 1959. In 1957 it changed its name to
1457-605: The country's executive. CVP President Gerhard Pfister and BDP President Martin Landolt , the leader of the Conservative Democratic Party, had ongoing discussions about a merger throughout 2020. In 2020, Pfister announced that the national CVP would undergo a change in branding with a new name and logo as part of a merger with the BDP. The party proposed to change the name to "The Center" or "The Alliance of
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1504-411: The economy. The municipality is part of the agglomeration of Altdorf. As of 2014, there were a total of 841 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 59 people worked in 14 businesses in the primary economic sector . The secondary sector employed 291 workers in 24 separate businesses. There were 7 small businesses with a total of 168 employees and one mid sized business with
1551-636: The federal level. The Christian Democratic People's Party will continue to exist at the cantonal level as individual local and regional parties determine their status. Its 28 seats in the National Council and 13 seats in the Council of States were transferred to the new party, as was its sole seat on the Federal Council , held by Viola Amherd . The party was founded as the Catholic Conservative Party in 1912. It peaked in
1598-455: The foot of Pizzo Lucendro and Lago della Sella at the foot of Pizzo Centrale. They are respectively part of the Reuss and Ticino basin, although both are located within the canton of Ticino. Though the pass was locally known in antiquity, it was not generally used until the early 13th century because travel involved fording the turbulent Reuss , swollen with snowmelt during the early summer, in
1645-594: The most popular party was the SVP with 49.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the GPS (29.4%), the CVP (15.8%) and the Übrige (5.4%). In the federal election, a total of 830 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 59.8%. The 2015 election saw a large change in the voting when compared to 2011. The percentage of the vote received by the CVP increased sharply from 0.0% in 2011 to 15.8% in 2015 The percentage of
1692-573: The narrow steep-sided Schöllenen Gorge , below Andermatt . The first wooden bridge across Schöllenen Gorge was built around 1220, and in the following years the pass rapidly gained in importance. The bridge permitted traffic to follow the Reuss to its headwaters and over the saddle at the top—a continental divide between the Rhine , which flows into the North Sea, and the river Ticino towards Milan , which after leaving Switzerland flows into
1739-481: The new name if they do not wish to do so. Pfister estimated that a new center-right party could obtain up to 20% of the vote in future elections. In its party platform , the CVP described itself as a centrist party. The CVP fostered a social market economy in which a balance is struck between economic liberalism and social justice . The expansion of the party in the Protestant -dominated cantons, in which
1786-597: The party lost one of its two seats in the four-party coalition government, the Swiss Federal Council , to the Swiss People's Party . The CVP holds roughly 12% of the popular vote. After the national election in late 2003, it held 28 seats (out of 200) in the Swiss National Council (first chamber of the Swiss parliament); 15 (out of 46) in the Council of States (second chamber, and the largest party in this chamber) and 1 out of 7 seats in
1833-433: The pass, still carried only foot traffic and pack animals until 1775, when the first carriage made the journey on an improved road. The Battle of Gotthard Pass took place on 24 September 1799. The new Gotthard road was built in 1830, wide enough to allow (single-lane) motorized traffic. It is said that the first car traversed the pass in 1895. The first reported surmounting of the pass in 1901 still took more than
1880-402: The population (as of 2000) speaks German (93.6%), with Italian being second most common (2.0%) and Albanian being third (1.6%). As of 2007 the gender distribution of the population was 50.3% male and 49.7% female. The historical population is given in the following table: Flüelen is an industrial-tertiary municipality, or a municipality where agriculture and manufacturing play a minor role in
1927-530: The rate of violations of immigration, visa and work permit laws was 11.6 per thousand residents, which is 136.7% greater than the average rate in the entire country. Flüelen railway station , on the Gotthard railway , is served by hourly InterRegio trains, and by line S2 of the Stadtbahn Zug , which operates hourly between Zug , Arth-Goldau and Erstfeld . The adjacent steamer pier is served by steamer services to and from Lucerne that are provided by
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1974-525: The saint, by as early as 1236. The opening of the Schöllenen Gorge for traffic was an important factor in the original Swiss Confederacy . The three regions of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden (the Waldstätten or "forest communities") gained imperial immediacy under the Hohenstaufen emperors still in the first half of the 13th century. An important aspect of the early confederacy, expressed in
2021-511: The upper Leventina, as the valley south of the pass is called, became a protectorate of Uri. Throughout the 15th century, a changeful struggle between the Swiss and the Duchy of Milan ensued, resulting ultimately in the Swiss conquest of the territory of the Ticino . The " Devil's Bridge " ( Teufelsbrücke ) legend associated with the crossing of the Schöllenen Gorge is not medieval; it may date to
2068-584: The valleys of Urseren and Leventina . The region of Andermatt lies at the foot of the Furka and Oberalp Passes connecting the Rhone and Rhine Valleys thus making the Gotthard area a strategic place for transports and military (the Swiss Réduit for instance). Just southeast of the culminating point of the Gotthard Pass, at an elevation of about 2,090 metres above sea level, are several lakes. The largest
2115-409: The village of Flüelen, the outer village settlements and scattered farm houses in the valley and up the mountain sides. Flüelen has a population (as of December 2020) of 2,025. As of 2014, 13.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 4 years (2010-2014) the population has changed at a rate of 0.46%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2014, was 7.1, while the death rate
2162-586: The vote received by the SVP increased sharply from 0.0% in 2011 to 49.4% in 2015 The percentage of the vote received by the GPS increased sharply from 0.0% in 2011 to 29.4% in 2015. In the 2007 federal election the FDP which received 87.7% of the vote. In Flüelen about 65.8% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or
2209-463: Was 10.1 per thousand residents. As of 2014, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 21.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 59.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.1%. In 2015 there were 844 single residents, 901 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 113 widows or widowers and 114 divorced residents. In 2014 there were 823 private households in Flüelen with an average household size of 2.35 persons. Of
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