KSUT originally signed on as a non-commercial community radio station licensed to serve the community of Ignacio, Colorado . The station has since expanded to two distinct formats, Four Corners Public Radio , with a public radio format of NPR and music programming, and Southern Ute Tribal Radio , which airs Native American music and news. While the stations have different legal call letters, both stations still refer to themselves on-air, online, and in marketing as KSUT . The stations are owned by KSUT Public Radio , a non-profit corporation, and licensed to KUTE, Inc.
44-625: On May 7, 1975, this station received its original construction permit from the Federal Communications Commission and was assigned the call letters KSUT. Originally licensed as a 10 watt community radio station serving the Southern Ute Indian Reservation , KSUT began regular broadcasting in June 1976 with a mix of tribal news and personal messages for the residents of the reservation. At
88-465: A framework for urban planning decision-making. Another debate within the urban planning field is about who is included and excluded in the urban planning decision-making process. Most urban planning processes use a top-down approach which fails to include the residents of the places where urban planners and city officials are working. Sherry Arnstein 's "ladder of citizen participation" is often used by many urban planners and city governments to determine
132-455: Is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas , such as transportation , communications , and distribution networks , and their accessibility . Traditionally, urban planning followed a top-down approach in master planning the physical layout of human settlements . The primary concern
176-414: Is also heard on the following translators: Construction permit Planning permission or building permit refers to the approval needed for construction or expansion (including significant renovation ), and sometimes for demolition, in some jurisdictions. House building permits, for example, are subject to building codes . There is also a "plan check" (PLCK) to check compliance with plans for
220-538: Is an interdisciplinary field that includes civil engineering , architecture , human geography , politics , social science and design sciences . Practitioners of urban planning are concerned with research and analysis, strategic thinking, engineering architecture, urban design , public consultation , policy recommendations, implementation and management. It is closely related to the field of urban design and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings and other urban areas. Urban planners work with
264-465: Is evidence of urban planning and designed communities dating back to the Mesopotamian , Indus Valley , Minoan , and Egyptian civilizations in the third millennium BCE . Archaeologists studying the ruins of cities in these areas find paved streets that were laid out at right angles in a grid pattern. The idea of a planned out urban area evolved as different civilizations adopted it. Beginning in
308-646: Is the Geographic Information System (GIS) that is used to create a model of the existing planning and then to project future impacts on the society, economy and environment. Building codes and other regulations dovetail with urban planning by governing how cities are constructed and used from the individual level. Enforcement methodologies include governmental zoning , planning permissions , and building codes , as well as private easements and restrictive covenants . With recent advances in information and communication technologies and
352-416: Is the body of scientific concepts, definitions, behavioral relationships, and assumptions that define the body of knowledge of urban planning. There are eight procedural theories of planning that remain the principal theories of planning procedure today: the rational-comprehensive approach, the incremental approach, the transactive approach, the communicative approach, the advocacy approach, the equity approach,
396-402: Is unnecessary, or even harmful, as it market efficiency allows for effective land use. A pluralist strain of political thinking argues in a similar vein that the government should not intrude in the political competition between different interest groups which decides how land is used. The traditional justification for urban planning has in response been that the planner does to the city what
440-560: The Enlightenment period , several European rulers ambitiously attempted to redesign capital cities. During the Second French Empire , Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann , under the direction of Napoleon III , redesigned the city of Paris into a more modern capital, with long, straight, wide boulevards. Planning and architecture went through a paradigm shift at the turn of the 20th century. The industrialized cities of
484-696: The Four Corners Public Radio format, serving a larger regional audience with NPR programming and varied music. KSUT-FM, now branded as Southern Ute Tribal Radio , returned to its original mission of serving the reservation and surrounding area with Native American programming. KUTE-FM, known as Four Corners Public Radio, airs a daily adult album alternative music format known as the Music Blend , as well as NPR and other public radio programming such as Morning Edition , Fresh Air , Wait Wait Don't Tell Me! , and Radiolab . In addition to
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#1732772072560528-496: The Internet of Things , an increasing number of cities are adopting technologies such as crowdsorced mobile phone sensing and machine learning to collect data and extract useful information to help make informed urban planning decisions. An urban planner is a professional who works in the field of urban planning for the purpose of optimizing the effectiveness of a community's land use and infrastructure. They formulate plans for
572-603: The Music Blends, locally-produced programming on Four Corners Public Radio includes evening blues, alternative country, Celtic, world and bluegrass shows. KSUT-FM, known as Southern Ute Tribal Radio, airs programming from Native Voice 1 . KSUT Tribal Radio airs locally-produced Native American programming in the mornings, mid-days, and some evening hours. Local programming includes the Tribal Radio Morning Show , Native America Calling , and Sounds of
616-549: The water supply , identifying transportation patterns, recognizing food supply demands, allocating healthcare and social services, and analyzing the impact of land use. In order to predict how cities will develop and estimate the effects of their interventions, planners use various models. These models can be used to indicate relationships and patterns in demographic, geographic, and economic data. They might deal with short-term issues such as how people move through cities, or long-term issues such as land use and growth. One such model
660-516: The 19th century grew at a tremendous rate. The evils of urban life for the working poor were becoming increasingly evident as a matter of public concern. The laissez-faire style of government management of the economy, in fashion for most of the Victorian era , was starting to give way to a New Liberalism that championed intervention on the part of the poor and disadvantaged. Around 1900, theorists began developing urban planning models to mitigate
704-458: The 8th century BCE, Greek city states primarily used orthogonal (or grid-like) plans. Hippodamus of Miletus (498–408 BC), the ancient Greek architect and urban planner, is considered to be "the father of European urban planning", and the namesake of the "Hippodamian plan" (grid plan) of city layout. The ancient Romans also used orthogonal plans for their cities. City planning in the Roman world
748-706: The Dreamcatcher. In November 1999, KSUT Four Corners Public Radio took top honors in the "Special Projects" category by the El Pomar Foundation for its annual Awards for Excellence. Based in Colorado Springs, the El Pomar Foundation is the state of Colorado's largest private foundation and funds numerous programs throughout the state. The station also received top honors for 2007 in the areas of community service campaign, best news feature report, and best sales promotion for an advertiser. KSUT
792-639: The FCC refuses to consider which radio format the applicants propose. In Canada, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission maintains a comparative process in issuing permits, ensuring that a variety of programming is available in each area, and that as many groups as possible have access to free speech over radio waves . Urban planning Urban planning , also known as town planning , city planning , regional planning , or rural planning in specific contexts,
836-774: The Multiple Nuclei Model among others. Participatory planning is an urban planning approach that involves the entire community in the planning process. Participatory planning in the United States emerged during the 1960s and 1970s. Technical aspects of urban planning involve the application of scientific, technical processes, considerations and features that are involved in planning for land use , urban design , natural resources , transportation , and infrastructure . Urban planning includes techniques such as: predicting population growth , zoning , geographic mapping and analysis, analyzing park space, surveying
880-454: The U.S., construction permits for new commercial stations are now assigned by auction, rather than the former process of determining who would serve the community of license best. If the given frequency allocation is sought by at least one non-commercial educational (NCE) applicant, or is on an NCE-reserved TV channel or in the FM reserved band, the comparative process still takes place, though
924-418: The United States. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs predicted in 2018 that around 2.5 billion more people occupy urban areas by 2050 according to population elements of global migration. New planning theories have adopted non-traditional concepts such as Blue Zones and Innovation Districts to incorporate geographic areas within the city that allow for novel business development and
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#1732772072560968-480: The area, if any. For example, one cannot obtain permission to build a nightclub in an area where it is inappropriate such as a high-density suburb. The criteria for planning permission are a part of urban planning and construction law , and are usually managed by town planners employed by local governments . Failure to obtain a permit can result in fines , penalties , and demolition of unauthorized construction if it cannot be made to meet code. Generally,
1012-530: The cognate fields of civil engineering, landscape architecture , architecture, and public administration to achieve strategic, policy and sustainability goals. Early urban planners were often members of these cognate fields though today, urban planning is a separate, independent professional discipline. The discipline of urban planning is the broader category that includes different sub-fields such as land-use planning , zoning , economic development , environmental planning , and transportation planning . Creating
1056-551: The coming of the Renaissance many new cities were enlarged with newly planned extensions. From the 15th century on, much more is recorded of urban design and the people that were involved. In this period, theoretical treatises on architecture and urban planning start to appear in which theoretical questions around planning the main lines, ensuring plans meet the needs of the given population and so forth are addressed and designs of towns and cities are described and depicted. During
1100-453: The consequences of the industrial age , by providing citizens, especially factory workers, with healthier environments. The following century would therefore be globally dominated by a central planning approach to urban planning, not representing an increment in the overall quality of the urban realm. At the beginning of the 20th century, urban planning began to be recognized as a separate profession. The Town and Country Planning Association
1144-472: The degree of inclusivity or exclusivity of their urban planning. One main source of engagement between city officials and residents are city council meetings that are open to the residents and that welcome public comments. Additionally, in US there are some federal requirements for citizen participation in government-funded infrastructure projects. Participatory urban planning has been criticized for contributing to
1188-553: The development and management of urban and suburban areas. They typically analyze land use compatibility as well as economic, environmental, and social trends. In developing any plan for a community (whether commercial, residential, agricultural, natural or recreational), urban planners must consider a wide array of issues including sustainability , existing and potential pollution , transport including potential congestion , crime , land values, economic development, social equity, zoning codes, and other legislation. The importance of
1232-485: The early 21st century, Jane Jacobs 's writings on legal and political perspectives to emphasize the interests of residents, businesses and communities effectively influenced urban planners to take into broader consideration of resident experiences and needs while planning. Urban planning answers questions about how people will live, work, and play in a given area and thus, guides orderly development in urban, suburban and rural areas . Although predominantly concerned with
1276-400: The engineer or architect does to the home, that is, make it more amenable to the needs and preferences of its inhabitants. The widely adopted consensus-building model of planning, which seeks to accommodate different preferences within the community has been criticized for being based upon, rather than challenging, the power structures of the community. Instead, agonism has been proposed as
1320-448: The ideas of modernism in urban planning led to higher crime rates and social problems. In the second half of the 20th century, urban planners gradually shifted their focus to individualism and diversity in urban centers. Urban planners studying the effects of increasing congestion in urban areas began to address the externalities, the negative impacts caused by induced demand from larger highway systems in western countries such as in
1364-534: The new construction must be inspected during construction and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes . Since building permits usually precede outlays for construction, employment, financing and furnishings, they are often used as a leading indicator for developments in other areas of the economy. The number of building permits issued per year varies by country. By-right approval processes can be faster than discretionary approval processes. As part of broadcast law ,
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1408-815: The planning of settlements and communities, urban planners are also responsible for planning the efficient transportation of goods, resources, people, and waste; the distribution of basic necessities such as water and electricity; a sense of inclusion and opportunity for people of all kinds, culture and needs; economic growth or business development; improving health and conserving areas of natural environmental significance that actively contributes to reduction in CO 2 emissions as well as protecting heritage structures and built environments. Since most urban planning teams consist of highly educated individuals that work for city governments, recent debates focus on how to involve more community members in city planning processes. Urban planning
1452-899: The plans requires a thorough understanding of penal codes and zonal codes of planning. Another important aspect of urban planning is that the range of urban planning projects include the large-scale master planning of empty sites or Greenfield projects as well as small-scale interventions and refurbishments of existing structures, buildings and public spaces. Pierre Charles L'Enfant in Washington, D.C., Daniel Burnham in Chicago, Lúcio Costa in Brasília and Georges-Eugene Haussmann in Paris planned cities from scratch, and Robert Moses and Le Corbusier refurbished and transformed cities and neighborhoods to meet their ideas of urban planning. There
1496-476: The prioritization of infrastructure that would assist with improving the quality of life of citizens by extending their potential lifespan. Planning practices have incorporated policy changes to help address anthropogenic (human caused) climate change . London began to charge a congestion charge for cars trying to access already crowded places in the city. Cities nowadays stress the importance of public transit and cycling by adopting such policies. Planning theory
1540-682: The radical approach, and the humanist or phenomenological approach. Some other conceptual planning theories include Ebenezer Howard 's The Three Magnets theory that he envisioned for the future of British settlement, also his Garden Cities , the Concentric Model Zone also called the Burgess Model by sociologist Ernest Burgess , the Radburn Superblock that encourages pedestrian movement, the Sector Model and
1584-610: The station beyond Native news and cultural programming. Four Corners Public Radio , as it came to be known, added several affiliates and broadcast translators to serve the greater Four Corners region. The station adopted a daily music format called the Music Blend that focused on Americana, rock, folk, bluegrass, jazz, blues, world and other genres. Four Corners Public Radio also added more conventional public radio shows like Fresh Air and A Prairie Home Companion . KSUT split its program stream into two stations, and two sets of similar call letters, in June, 1998. KUTE-FM assumed
1628-440: The station once constructed. In the U.S., a construction permit is valid for three years. Afterwards, the station must receive a full license to operate, which is good for seven years. This is provided by a separate broadcast license , also called a "license to cover" by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. Further permission or registration for towers may be needed from aviation authorities. In
1672-424: The term is also used in broadcasting , where individual radio and television stations typically must apply for and receive permission to construct radio towers and radio antennas . This type of permit is issued by a national broadcasting authority, but does not imply zoning any other permission that must be given by local government . The permit itself also does not necessarily imply permission to operate
1716-407: The time, it was one of only eight Native American radio stations operating in the United States. A May 1979 relocation of the broadcast transmitter and increase in signal strength allowed KSUT to begin serving the larger surrounding community as well. In 1984, the station joined NPR , adding All Things Considered , Morning Edition , and other programming sources, in order to broaden the appeal of
1760-602: The urban planner is increasing in the 21st century, as modern society begins to face issues of increased population growth, climate change and unsustainable development. An urban planner could be considered a green collar professional. Some researchers suggest that urban planners, globally, work in different " planning cultures ", adapted to their cities and cultures. However, professionals have identified skills, abilities, and basic knowledge sets that are common to urban planners across regional and national boundaries. The school of neoclassical economics argues that planning
1804-655: Was chosen as the Best Radio Station in Durango in the Durango Herald's Reader's Polls 2013 - 2022. KSUT , Southern Ute Tribal Radio is heard on 91.3 FM (2,000 watts) on Southern Ute Tribal lands, Ignacio, and Bayfield. The station is rebroadcast in Farmington, N.M. on KUUT , at 89.7 FM (1,350 watts) . Four Corners Public Radio is heard on the following stations: Four Corners Public Radio
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1848-589: Was developed for military defense and public convenience. The spread of the Roman Empire subsequently spread the ideas of urban planning. As the Roman Empire declined, these ideas slowly disappeared. However, many cities in Europe still held onto the planned Roman city center. Cities in Europe from the 9th to 14th centuries, often grew organically and sometimes chaotically. But in the following centuries with
1892-636: Was founded in 1899 and the first academic course in Great Britain on urban planning was offered by the University of Liverpool in 1909. In the 1920s, the ideas of modernism and uniformity began to surface in urban planning, and lasted until the 1970s. In 1933, Le Corbusier presented the Radiant City, a city that grows up in the form of towers, as a solution to the problem of pollution and over-crowding. But many planners started to believe that
1936-431: Was the public welfare , which included considerations of efficiency, sanitation , protection and use of the environment, as well as effects of the master plans on the social and economic activities. Over time, urban planning has adopted a focus on the social and environmental bottom lines that focus on planning as a tool to improve the health and well-being of people, maintaining sustainability standards. Similarly, in
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