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62-816: KELO-TV (channel 11) is a television station in Sioux Falls, South Dakota , United States, affiliated with CBS , MyNetworkTV , and The CW Plus . The station is owned by Nexstar Media Group , and maintains studios on Phillips Avenue in downtown Sioux Falls; its transmitter is located near Rowena, South Dakota . KELO-TV is broadcast by three high-power semi-satellites — KDLO-TV in Florence (channel 3, serving Watertown ), KPLO-TV in Reliance (channel 6, serving Pierre ), and KCLO-TV in Rapid City (channel 15). These transmitters and others, together branded as

124-461: A barter in some cases. WKOW-TV WKOW (channel 27) is a television station in Madison, Wisconsin , United States, affiliated with ABC and owned by Allen Media Group . The station's studios are located on Tokay Boulevard on Madison's west side, and its transmitter is located on South Pleasant View Road in the city's Junction Ridge neighborhood. WKOW-TV (the suffix was dropped from

186-553: A 52-year involvement with KELO radio and television. One local program was shared between two stations: The Big Bowl , a bowling program in which Sioux Falls contestants faced off against those from Sioux City, Iowa , produced by that city's KVTV/ KCAU-TV . KELO radio and television switched their primary affiliations to CBS beginning in September 1957, though they remained NBC primary affiliates through June 1958 and KELO-TV continued to provide programs from all networks. CBS had made

248-550: A change in the antenna specified required a different type of tower than was originally specified. Renovations were made to the existing KELO radio studios at 8th Street and Phillips Avenue, which had been planned for future television use. KELO-TV began broadcasting on May 20, 1953, after putting on a test pattern the day before; it was a primary affiliate of NBC , matching KELO radio, though it also carried programs from CBS, ABC , and DuMont . There were no television cameras or local studio programs because they were too expensive; it

310-441: A coverage advantage that persisted for decades. For most of the analog broadcasting era, it was the only station that could be seen over-the-air in some form throughout the market. In contrast, as late as 2019, a third of the market—some 200,000 viewers—could not receive both KSFY-TV and KDLT-TV over-the-air. These new transmitters brought growing audiences to KELO-TV's local programming. In 1955, Midcontinent sent Dave Dedrick to

372-469: A good offer at the same time that NBC denied Floyd an increase in network compensation fees for carrying its programming, fees that Floyd felt justified based on the station's performance. New studios were built at 13th and Phillips streets in 1959. The station received competition when KSOO-TV (channel 13, now KSFY-TV) began in July 1960 as the new NBC affiliate. A full-time ABC affiliate was not broadcast in

434-438: A live announcer on site to insert the current weather information into the program. The news department expanded over time. In addition to its 6 and 10 p.m. evening newscasts, KELO added its first morning news, the half-hour Good Morning KELO-Land , in 1977. The Early News , the station's first 5 p.m. local newscast, debuted in 1982; it would be another 40 years before the station added a newscast at 4 p.m. in 2022. The station

496-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in

558-422: A news department on the first day of its broadcasting in summer 1953. Local news, weather, and sports were seen in the initial shows. From 1999 to 2011, the station produced, through a news share agreement, the market's first nightly prime time newscast on Sinclair -owned Fox affiliate WMSN-TV ( Fox 47 News at 9 ); the newscast originated from a secondary studio at WKOW, and although it featured WKOW personnel in

620-712: A permit for a Rapid City TV station in 1954 and then obtained an option on a transmitter site in Rapid City in 1962, KELO-TV did not expand to western South Dakota until September 1981, when it launched KPLO-TV translator K15AC. This brought CBS programming back to the area; the last full-time CBS affiliate in that market had been KRSD-TV , which closed in February 1976. K15AC was upgraded to a full-power station as KCLO-TV in November 1988. KCLO-TV initially aired programming on an hour delay from KELO in order to timeshift it for

682-566: A sale announced in January 2016 and completed on January 17, 2017. KELO-TV is the perennial local news leader in Sioux Falls, often attracting more viewers than KSFY and KDLT combined. When ruling on a merger of KSFY and KDLT, the FCC found that KELO had the majority of advertising revenue and substantial majority of news viewers in the market. With a combined footprint that covered 80 percent of

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744-516: A separately licensed translator to extend their respective signals. Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany , was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often

806-507: A storm and needed temporary facilities just to send its programs to Florence. KELO then filed in April 1956 to move channel 6 from Pierre to Reliance; fending off overtures from other stations in the area, the construction permit was approved in December 1956, and KPLO-TV began broadcasting on July 12, 1957. The addition of these facilities expanded the coverage area and vaulted Sioux Falls into

868-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations

930-496: Is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,

992-470: Is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around

1054-459: Is now a half-sister operation of Bally Sports Wisconsin . In 2023, WKOW and its sisters and other affiliates began to also carry the WIAA football championships at Camp Randall Stadium , returning the games to the station for the first time since the mid 1990s. Subchannel 27.2 has cleared any ABC programming that may be preempted on 27.1 for local sports and breaking news coverage ( e.g. coverage of

1116-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually

1178-626: The KELOLAND Media Group , broadcast KELO programs to all of South Dakota, southwestern Minnesota, and northwestern Iowa, an area the station calls "KELOLAND" ( / ˈ k ɛ l oʊ ˌ l æ n d / ). In the Sioux Falls media market —including central and eastern South Dakota—KELO-TV has long been the dominant television station in ratings and local news coverage. It was the first in South Dakota, beginning broadcasting in May 1953, and

1240-534: The Mountain Time Zone , unlike the translator, but this practice was abandoned permanently in January 1991 amid the Gulf War . On January 12, 1996, Midcontinent Media announced that it had sold KELO-TV and its satellites to Young Broadcasting for $ 50 million. Young assumed control on May 31, 1996; it laid off 13 employees, stating that KELO-TV was overstaffed for a station of its market size. In 1999,

1302-405: The broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station

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1364-503: The call sign in 2009) was launched on June 30, 1953, as Madison's first television station. The station was originally aligned with CBS and owned by the Monona Broadcasting Company, led by a group of local area businessmen along with WKOW radio (AM 1070, now WTSO ). The WKOW call sign was an acknowledgment to Wisconsin's dairy industry, and featured a smiling bovine (or cow) alongside the emphasized "K-O-W" of

1426-514: The call sign . WKOW-AM-TV shared studios on Tokay Boulevard on Madison's west side beginning in 1953. WKOW-TV remained with CBS until 1956, when CBS moved to the new WISC-TV . WKOW-TV subsequently joined ABC (who had been with WMTV on a secondary basis), while WKOW radio remained with CBS Radio . From January to August 1958, WKOW was part of the short-lived, Wisconsin-oriented Badger Television Network , alongside Milwaukee 's WISN-TV and Green Bay 's WFRV-TV . In 1960, Monona Broadcasting sold

1488-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has

1550-538: The 1970s, Horizon sold the radio stations in accordance with the FCC 's "one to market " policy of that era. Despite the separate ownership, the renamed WTSO would remain at Tokay Boulevard alongside WKOW-TV through the 1980s and 1990s until becoming part of the Clear Channel Communications cluster, where it is today an all-sports station. (For a time in the 2000s, WKOW-TV supplied weather updates to

1612-588: The Clear Channel stations. As of October 2010, however, the station is no longer involved with WTSO or other Madison Clear Channel stations in any way.) In January 1985, Liberty Television sold WKOW and its Wausau and La Crosse sister stations to Tak Communications, which would later purchase KITV in Honolulu, Hawaii , and WGRZ-TV in Buffalo, New York . Tak filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in

1674-477: The Madison market, and both that station and WKOW rank among the market's top four stations, it agreed that WKOW would be divested in order to satisfy FCC requirements. On April 29, Gray announced that WKOW would be divested to Allen Media Broadcasting. The $ 380 million deal includes WAOW, WXOW, WQOW, WREX in neighboring Rockford, Illinois , and other Quincy-owned stations where overlaps with Gray occur. The sale

1736-517: The MeTV affiliation in Madison — as well as MeTV and The CW affiliations in Eau Claire, La Crosse, Wausau — would not adversely affect Allen Media's operations as "viable, independent competitors" in those markets. As a result on August 2, 2021, when Gray's purchase of Quincy Media and Allen Media's purchase of WKOW became final, the MeTV affiliation moved to a subchannel of Gray-owned WMTV. To fill

1798-725: The Milwaukee and Green Bay markets air WIAA boys' and girls' hockey and basketball state championships each March. (The hockey and boys' basketball tournaments are staged in Madison, the girls' basketball tournament in Green Bay.) WKOW is also an affiliate of the Green Bay Packers television network along with its AMG sisters, carrying the team's preseason games and in-season programming. By coincidence as part of AMG's investment in Diamond Sports Group , WKOW

1860-463: The MyNetworkTV affiliation went to Rapid-owned KKRA-LP when the network launched in 2006. On June 6, 2013, Young Broadcasting announced that it would merge with Media General . The merger was approved by the FCC on November 8, after Media General shareholders approved the merger a day earlier; it was completed on November 12. Media General was in turn acquired by Nexstar Broadcasting Group in

1922-647: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in

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1984-487: The WIAA state hockey and basketball tournaments carried each March on 27.1). Until the 2023 (when the rights to Big Ten Conference sports departed ABC and ESPN), WKOW carried Wisconsin Badgers sports originated at the network level. WKOW presently broadcasts 24 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours of local newscasts each week (with 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 hours each weekday and two hours each on Saturdays and Sundays). WKOW debuted

2046-523: The WMSN newscast at the beginning of 2012. On October 26, 2010, WKOW became the third station in Madison to upgrade newscasts to high definition, following WISC-TV and WMTV. The WMSN broadcasts, however, were still in 4:3 standard definition, as the station did not have the necessary equipment to air local or syndicated HD programming. The station's signal is multiplexed : WKOW shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 27, at 1 p.m. on February 17, 2009,

2108-671: The ads featured Floyd smoking a cigar with the tagline, "I'm Joe Floyd. I consider myself a helluva salesman." The ads were recognizable enough that mention of them was made in Broadcasting magazine's obituary upon his death in 1992. Shortly after, in late 1954, Midcontinent began applying for additional full-power stations in eastern South Dakota as part of a strategy to increase the station's audience. In December 1954, it applied to build KDLO-TV at Florence to serve Watertown; that station began broadcasting on September 28, 1955. This occurred even though KELO-TV had lost its original tower in

2170-413: The broadcasts, WMSN maintained separate weeknight news and sports anchors, as well as using theme music and graphics packages that are found on other Sinclair stations and that are different from that on WKOW's newscasts. ( WISC-TV subchannel TVW had aired a prime-time newscast from 2004 to 2011; a third station, WBUW , had its own 9 p.m. newscast from 2003 until 2005.) WISC-TV took over the production of

2232-493: The change technically increased the coverage area of UPN programming, it made it a digital-only service as opposed to analog KCPO-LP. This limited the number of viewers who could tune in at the time, as not everyone had digital-capable TVs in 2004. UTV became the MyNetworkTV affiliate in Sioux Falls in 2006; The CW went to WB affiliate KWSD-TV , owned by Rapid Broadcasting. UTV is not broadcast in Rapid City; in that market,

2294-597: The competitors for the ATSC 3.0 standard in 4K resolution , backed by LG and Zenith . In the late 2000s, WKOW would launch two digital subchannels alongside primary channel 27.1. Subchannel 27.2 was originally affiliated with the Retro Television Network , which was replaced on July 1, 2011, by the similarly-formatted MeTV . Subchannel 27.3 launched in March 2009 with the movie network This TV , which

2356-497: The deployment of regional Doppler weather radar units in 1997, with two sites in Huron and Beresford . A third radar at Wall was installed in 2001. The stations' signals are multiplexed : KELO-TV began broadcasting its digital signal on March 6, 2003. This followed work at Rowena to prepare the tower to broadcast digital service for KELO-TV and KSFY-TV. KELO-TV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 11, on June 12, 2009,

2418-443: The first application to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for a television station in South Dakota. The application would not be considered for several years, as the FCC was in the midst of a four-year freeze on the grant of new TV station applications, but no opposition was received when the freeze was lifted in April 1952, and KELO-TV received a construction permit on November 20, 1952. Construction proceeded quickly, though

2480-520: The first time in September 1968. A guy wire on the KELO–KSOO tower at Rowena was clipped by a North Central Airlines airplane on June 24, 1968, and collapsed; the aircraft landed safely on one engine. KELO-TV reverted to its former site near Shindler, South Dakota , for 11 months while the Rowena tower was rebuilt; litigation promoted by Midcontinent against North Central Airlines related to damages from

2542-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of

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2604-645: The latter half of 1991 and went into receivership when the company's creditors seized its assets in early 1994. As part of Tak Communications' bankruptcy sale, Shockley purchased the four Wisconsin stations in 1995 (WKOW, WAOW, WXOW, and Eau Claire 's WQOW ) for his newly formed company, Shockley Communications. In June 2001, WKOW and its Wisconsin sister stations were acquired by Quincy Newspapers from Shockley. On January 7, 2021, Quincy Media announced that it had put itself up for sale. On February 1, Gray Television announced it would purchase Quincy's radio and TV properties for $ 925 million. As Gray already owns WMTV in

2666-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at

2728-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on

2790-601: The official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 32 to VHF channel 11 for post-transition operations. KDLO-TV and KPLO-TV did not provide digital service until the transition date. KELO-TV rebroadcasts programming over three full-service television station licenses, which operate as semi-satellites; two of these licenses, KDLO-TV and KPLO-TV, each operate

2852-610: The other station it owned at the time, WMIN-TV in Minneapolis . That station, also on channel 11, had a Captain 11 children's show. Dedrick, who also served as a weatherman for KELO, shadowed the children's host in Minneapolis, then returned to Sioux Falls to start his own Captain 11 . In Sioux Falls, the program ran for 41 years, enduring decades of changes in children's television and Dedrick's own struggles with alcoholism, before his retirement in December 1996, culminating

2914-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be

2976-733: The reduced coverage area stretched into January 1975. That month, on January 11, the Rowena mast toppled again, this time in an ice storm; KSFY-TV, with no backup facility, found itself suddenly unable to air Super Bowl IX , and arrangements were made for KELO to telecast the contest. Again, KELO-TV broadcast from the Shindler tower until December, when the replacement was put into service. Ice storms have since felled other towers used by KELO-TV's satellites; KDLO-TV lost its tower in 1977 and again in December 2022, while KPLO-TV lost its tower on Medicine Butte in 2010 and did not broadcast for two months. While Midcontinent had first received and surrendered

3038-777: The region until 1967, when KCAU-TV in Sioux City switched from CBS. It did so in part because KELO-TV was building a 2,000 feet (610 m) broadcast tower at Rowena in collaboration with KSOO-TV. The Sioux City station advertised in the Argus Leader in Sioux Falls, staking a claim to be the ABC affiliate for both Sioux City and Sioux Falls.An in-market ABC affiliate would not arrive until 1969, when KORN-TV in Mitchell switched from NBC and moved its transmitter closer to Sioux Falls. Local programs were telecast in color from KELO-TV for

3100-430: The state even before the expansion to Rapid City, it long saw itself as competing with the Argus Leader newspaper, not the other local stations. The first local newscasts on KELO-TV—before the station had its own cameras—were produced with a method Floyd called "live film". The evening news was filmed in the afternoon, developed, and then played back at the transmitter site. A simulated phone call created an opening for

3162-674: The station to Midcontinent Broadcasting. Midcontinent Broadcasting sold both WKOW and WAOW in Wausau to Horizon Communications in September 1970. In 1974, Terry Shockley became manager of WKOW and its fellow sister stations that were part of the Wisconsin Television Network (which included WAOW in Wausau and WXOW in La Crosse ). Horizon sold its stations, along with WKOW to Liberty Communications in 1978. Also during

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3224-608: The station was given the National Association of Broadcasters Friend in Need Television Award for outstanding service in the face of natural disasters after helping lead efforts to rebuild tornado-ravaged Spencer, South Dakota . KELO-TV along with KDLO-TV and KPLO-TV started a second subchannel, UTV (renamed KELOXTRA in 2021), with the market's UPN affiliation on March 15, 2004. UPN programs had been seen in Sioux Falls on KCPO-LP (channel 26); while

3286-437: The station's local news from 1975 to 2000, estimating he presented some 18,000 newscasts by the time of his retirement. For much of that time, he was teamed with Doug Lund, who served 32 years from 1974 to 2006. Jim Burt , who had begun sports play-by-play at KELO radio in 1948 and crossed over to television when channel 11 went on the air, was the last remaining original employee of channel 11 when he retired in 1987. KELO began

3348-400: The term "television station" refers to a station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content

3410-497: The top 100 media markets in the United States, making the KELO stations highly profitable. KELO-TV and its satellites perfectly matched the flow of goods through South Dakota, which centered on Sioux Falls, boosting advertising revenues; this would not be the case when Midcontinent attempted to replicate the formula with WKOW-TV in Madison, Wisconsin , where Madison was not the state's primary merchandising hub. The transmitters gave KELO

3472-629: The void left by MeTV's departure, Decades would be temporarily simulcast on subchannels 27.2 and 27.3 for two weeks until August 19, 2021, when This TV returned to 27.3; the move reunited WKOW with This TV, which Allen Media purchased in late 2020. WKOW serves as the originating station for broadcasts of Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association (WIAA) championship events. WKOW, its Allen Media-owned sister stations in Central and Western Wisconsin, and affiliates in

3534-399: The world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines

3596-540: Was built by Midcontinent Broadcasting , owner of KELO (1320 AM) ; originally an affiliate of NBC , it switched to CBS in 1957. KDLO-TV and KPLO-TV were built in the mid-1950s, expanding the station's geographic reach, while an expansion to Rapid City took place in the early 1980s. Young Broadcasting acquired the KELO television stations in 1996. Mergers and acquisitions in the 2010s resulted in ownership passing from Young to Media General to Nexstar. In May 1950, Midcontinent Broadcasting , owner of KELO (1320 AM) , filed

3658-441: Was officially completed on August 2, 2021. WKOW has been a pioneer of sorts in the world of digital terrestrial television . When the station launched high-definition broadcasts on October 29, 1998 (on digital channel 26), it became at the time the smallest United States television station to launch digital HD broadcasts. WKOW is still regularly used for digital television experiments, including an October 2014 test involving one of

3720-473: Was replaced on September 2, 2015, at 12 noon by MeTV's sister network, Decades . A caveat in Gray Television's purchase of Quincy Media's stations in 2021 involved WKOW's subchannels: In requiring that Gray spinoff WKOW and other stations to Allen Media Broadcasting, the U.S. Department of Justice deemed as an "excluded asset" the MeTV affiliation that WKOW had carried, meaning that Gray taking over

3782-496: Was the first in the market to switch from film to electronic news gathering , doing so in 1973, six years before the other stations in the market. It was also the first in the market to present closed captioning in local newscasts in 1991, and it followed close behind KSFY-TV in obtaining a satellite newsgathering truck (in 1988) and in producing its local newscasts in high definition (in 2011). KELO-TV also had considerable stability in news personalities. Steve Hemmingsen co-anchored

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3844-434: Was two years before the station had its own cameras. Power was increased in 1954, extending service to many rural areas outside of Sioux Falls, and the station also became interconnected with network coaxial cable to make live broadcasts possible. Midcontinent partner Joe L. Floyd became nationally recognized for his advertising in trade publications, designed to help KELO radio and television court sponsors and their programs:

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