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99-487: Musicians from a variety of traditions have found konnakol useful in their practice. Prominent among these is John McLaughlin , who led the Mahavishnu Orchestra and has long used konnakol as a compositional aid. V. Selvaganesh , who plays alongside McLaughlin in the group Remember Shakti , and Ranjit Barot , who plays with McLaughlin in the group 4th Dimension , are other noted konnakol virtuosos. A few of

198-659: A sitar or veena . The instrument's vina-like scalloped fretboard enabled McLaughlin to bend strings far beyond the reach of a conventional fretboard. McLaughlin grew so accustomed to the freedom it provided him that he had the fretboard scalloped on his Gibson Byrdland electric guitar. McLaughlin also appeared on Stanley Clarke 's School Days and numerous other fusion albums. They later recorded three tracks at CBS Studios in New York, 8 March 1979. The same year he teamed up with flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucía and jazz guitarist Larry Coryell (replaced by Al Di Meola in

297-790: A "Planet". In March 2009, the BBC made a decision to axe the BBC Radio 3 Awards for World Music. In response to the BBC's decision to end its awards program, the British world music magazine Songlines launched the Songlines Music Awards in 2009 "to recognise outstanding talent in world music". The WOMEX Awards were introduced in 1999 to honor the high points of world music on an international level and to acknowledge musical excellence, social importance, commercial success, political impact and lifetime achievement. Every October at

396-480: A "first-call" session player grew, resulting in recordings as a sideman with Miroslav Vitous , Larry Coryell , Joe Farrell , Wayne Shorter , Carla Bley , the Rolling Stones , and others. He recorded Devotion in early 1970 on Douglas Records (run by Alan Douglas ), a high-energy, psychedelic fusion album that featured Larry Young on organ (who had been part of Lifetime), Billy Rich on bass and

495-578: A bandleader, in 1969. He then moved to the U.S., where he played with drummer Tony Williams 's group Lifetime and then with Miles Davis on his electric jazz fusion albums In a Silent Way , Bitches Brew , Jack Johnson , Live-Evil , and On the Corner . His 1970s electric band, the Mahavishnu Orchestra , performed a technically virtuosic and complex style of music that fused electric jazz and rock with Indian influences. McLaughlin's solo on "Miles Beyond" from his album Live at Ronnie Scott's won

594-525: A category that often includes ambient music and textural expressions from indigenous roots sources. Good examples are Tibetan bowls , Tuvan throat singing , Gregorian chant or Native American flute music. World music blended with new-age music is a sound loosely classified as the hybrid genre 'ethnic fusion'. Examples of ethnic fusion are Nicholas Gunn 's "Face-to-Face" from Beyond Grand Canyon, featuring authentic Native American flute combined with synthesizers , and "Four Worlds" from The Music of

693-773: A concerto commissioned in 2007 by the viola soloist Rivka Golani . The trio J G Laya (Chandran, Sri Thetakudi Harihara Vinayakram , and Dr Joel) showcased the konnakol of Chandran and helped the previously fading art form return to prominence in the 1980s. Chandran released an instructional DVD on konnakol in 2007. McLaughlin and Selvaganesh also released an instructional DVD on konnakol in 2007. Jazz saxophonist, konnakol artist, and composer Arun Luthra incorporates konnakol and Carnatic music rhythms (as well as Hindustani classical music rhythms) in his work. More recently, drummer Steve Smith has also incorporated konnakol in his performances with vital information and his clinics. In 2022 Taladiddle written by Claudio Fischer and Claus Hessler

792-649: A different Indian musician. Coinciding with the release of the album was another DVD, Meeting of the Minds , which offered behind the scenes studio footage of the Floating Point sessions as well as interviews with all of the musicians. He engaged in a late summer/fall 2008 tour with Chick Corea , Vinnie Colaiuta , Kenny Garrett and Christian McBride under the name Five Peace Band , from which came an eponymous double-CD live album in early 2009. McLaughlin performed with Mahavishnu Orchestra drummer Billy Cobham at

891-427: A direct and dramatic way of expressing the percussive aspects in music directly. Trichy Shri R Thayumanavar gave a rebirth to konnakol. His disciple Andankoil AVS Sundararajan, a vocal and miruthangam Vidwan, is a konnakol expert, as is Mridangam Vidwan Shri T S Nandakumar. Konnakol uses rhythmic solfege for different subdivisions of the beat called "Solkattu." Common ones are: † '2' suffix signifies solfege syllable

990-604: A documentary on the Labèque Sisters . Following this period he recorded and toured with The Heart of Things featuring Gary Thomas , Dennis Chambers , Matt Garrison , Jim Beard and Otmaro Ruíz . In 1993 he released a Bill Evans tribute album entitled Time Remembered: John McLaughlin Plays Bill Evans , with McLaughlin's acoustic guitar backed by the acoustic guitars of the Aighetta Quartet and

1089-481: A family of musicians in Doncaster , South Yorkshire , England. His mother Mary was a concert violinist; his father John was an engineer, who was of Irish descent. The younger John McLaughlin was predominantly raised by his mother and grandmother; his father, the elder John, had separated from Mary when he was 7 years old. The younger John did not have a relationship with his father for most of his life, until in

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1188-435: A fusion that influenced both parties. (Feld 31) With the quick demand for new music came the technicalities of ownership. As Feld states in page 31: "This complex traffic in sounds money and media is rooted in the nature of revitalization through appropriation." There are collaborations between African and American popular music artists that raise questions on who is benefiting from said collaborations.(Feld 31) Feld mentions

1287-518: A guitar duo with Christian Escoudé . With the group Fuse One , he released two albums in 1980 and 1982. In 1981 and 1982, McLaughlin recorded two albums, Belo Horizonte and Music Spoken Here with The Translators, a band of French and American musicians who combined acoustic guitar, bass, drums, saxophone, and violin with synthesizers. The Translators included McLaughlin's then-girlfriend, classical pianist Katia Labèque . From 1984 through to (circa) 1987, an electric five-piece operated under

1386-478: A hit, and Osibisa released "Sunshine Day" (1976). Fela Kuti created Afrobeat and Femi Kuti , Seun Kuti and Tony Allen followed Fela Kuti's funky music. Salsa musicians such as José Alberto "El Canario" , Ray Sepúlveda , Johnny Pacheco , Fania All-Stars , Ray Barretto , Rubén Blades , Gilberto Santa Rosa , Roberto Roena , Bobby Valentín , Eddie Palmieri , Héctor Lavoe and Willie Colón developed Latin music . The 1979 American ensemble Libana

1485-414: A meeting of interested parties gathered to capitalize on the marketing of non-Western folk music. Paul Simon had released the world music-influenced album Graceland in 1986. The concept behind the album had been to express his own sensibilities using the sounds he had fallen in love with while listening to artists from Southern Africa , including Ladysmith Black Mambazo and Savuka . This project and

1584-437: A musical and spiritual crisis; He became disillusioned with the teachings of Sri Chinmoy and eventually disavowed Chinmoy's teachings. McLaughlin stated in 1976 for People Magazine , "I love [Sri Chinmoy] very much, but I must assume responsibility for my own actions". A scaled-down quartet was formed with McLaughlin, Walden on drums, Armstrong on bass and Stu Goldberg on keyboards and synthesiser, for their final album in

1683-480: A musician. McLaughlin studied violin and piano as a child; At the age of 11, his brother gave John a guitar and John immediately took up the instrument, exploring styles from flamenco to the jazz of Tal Farlow , Django Reinhardt and Stéphane Grappelli . He moved to London from Yorkshire in the early 1960s, playing with Alexis Korner and the Marzipan Twisters before moving on to Georgie Fame and

1782-442: A new jazz fusion quartet, the 4th Dimension, consisting of keyboardist/drummer Gary Husband , bassist Hadrian Feraud, and drummer Mark Mondesir . During the 4th Dimension's tour, an "instant CD" entitled Live USA 2007: Official Bootleg was made available comprising soundboard recordings of six pieces from the group's first performance. Following completion of the tour, McLaughlin sorted through recordings from each night to release

1881-532: A response, McLaughlin would gradually stop using drugs and pursue a spiritual lifestyle, which would be a recurring motif of his music career. At the same time, McLaughlin experienced a profound musical revelation, when psychedelic music was in vogue; He inferred that these music raised existential questions and insisted that he was "on the same boat" as those who sought answers to such, which further motivated his interests in Indian culture and its classical music. For

1980-517: A return to acoustic instruments for McLaughlin, performing on nylon-string guitar. On Live at the Royal Festival Hall McLaughlin used a unique guitar synth that enabled him to effectively "loop" guitar parts and play over them live. The synth also featured a pedal that provided sustain. McLaughlin overdubbed parts to create lush soundscapes, aided by Gurtu's unique percussive sounds. He used this approach to great effect in

2079-627: A second MP3 download-only collection entitled, Official Pirate: Best of the American Tour 2007 . During this time, McLaughlin also released another instructional DVD, The Gateway to Rhythm , featuring Indian percussionist and Remember Shakti bandmate Selva Ganesh Vinayakram (or V. Selvaganesh) , focusing on the Indian rhythmic system of konnakol . McLaughlin also remastered and released the shelved 1979 Trio of Doom project with Jaco Pastorius and Tony Williams. The project had been aborted due to conflicts between Williams and Pastorius as well as what

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2178-475: A similarly heritage to tap into. A cost-effective way of achieving all this would be a leafleting campaign. The next step was to develop a world music chart, gathering together selling information from around fifty shops, so that it would finally be possible to see which were big sellers in the genre—so new listeners could see what was particularly popular. It was agreed that the NME could again be involved in printing

2277-563: A string and horn section (McLaughlin referred to this as "the real Mahavishnu Orchestra"). This incarnation of the group recorded two albums, Apocalypse , with the London Symphony Orchestra , and Visions of the Emerald Beyond . During the second lineup, McLaughlin had a double-neck electric guitar built by Rex Bogue. When the guitar broke, in a tour for Visions of the Emerald Beyond , McLaughlin began to have

2376-522: A strong reputation among critics by the mid-1970s. McLaughlin moved to the U.S. in 1969 to join Tony Williams ' group Lifetime . A recording from the Record Plant , NYC, dated 25 March 1969, exists of McLaughlin jamming with Jimi Hendrix . McLaughlin recollects "we played one night, just a jam session. And we played from 2 until 8, in the morning. I thought it was a wonderful experience! I

2475-544: A teenager in Yorkshire . This was a return to more mainstream jazz/rock fusion and to the electric instrument after three years of playing acoustic guitars. The short-lived One Truth Band recorded one studio album, Electric Dreams , with L. Shankar on violins, Stu Goldberg on keyboards, Fernando Saunders on electric bass and Tony Smith on drums. After the dissolution of the One Truth Band, McLaughlin toured in

2574-677: A three-DVD instructional video on improvisation entitled "This is the Way I Do It" (which contributed to the development of video lessons. ) In June 2006 he released the post-bop / jazz fusion album Industrial Zen , on which he experimented with the Godin Glissentar as well as continuing to expand his guitar-synth repertoire. In 2007, he left Universal Records and joined Abstract Logix. Recording sessions for his first album on that label took place in April. That summer, he began touring with

2673-421: A time, in 1968, McLaughlin would be involved in the free jazz scene with musician Gunter Hampel ; McLaughlin described this experience as "devastating" and "anarchistic", but appreciated the free-form aspect of the genre. McLaughlin would later state in a July 2024 interview for JazzTimes that his experience with Hampel was "self-indulgent" and that he needed "structure ... the more restraints I put on myself,

2772-522: A tour, McLaughlin was offended by the writeups and disparagement of his religious beliefs. Goodman reconciled with McLaughlin, several years after the breakup. In 2001 the Lost Trident Sessions album was released; recorded in 1973 but shelved when the group disbanded. McLaughlin then reformed the group with Narada Michael Walden (drums), Jean-Luc Ponty (violin), Ralphe Armstrong (bass), and Gayle Moran (keyboards and vocals), and

2871-540: A track titled after him), Live-Evil , On the Corner , Big Fun (where he is featured soloist on "Go Ahead John") and A Tribute to Jack Johnson . In the liner notes to Jack Johnson , Davis called McLaughlin's playing "far in". McLaughlin returned to the Davis band for one night of a week-long club date, recorded and released as part of the album Live-Evil and of the Cellar Door boxed set. His reputation as

2970-445: A trio including percussionist Trilok Gurtu , and three bassists at various times; firstly Jeff Berlin , then Kai Eckhardt and finally Dominique Di Piazza . Berlin contributed to the trio's live work only in 1988/89, and didn't record with McLaughlin. The group recorded two albums: Live at The Royal Festival Hall and Que Alegria , the former with Eckhardt, and the latter with di Piazza for all but two tracks. These recordings saw

3069-518: A world tour and recorded an album of the same name. They had previously released a studio album entitled Passion, Grace & Fire back in 1983. Meanwhile, in the same year of 1996 McLaughlin recorded The Promise . Also notable during the period were his performances with Elvin Jones and Joey DeFrancesco . In 2003, he recorded a ballet score, Thieves and Poets , along with arrangements for classical guitar ensemble of favourite jazz standards and

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3168-409: Is a leading guitarist in jazz and jazz fusion. His style has been described as one that incorporates aggressive speed, technical precision, and harmonic sophistication. He is known for using non-Western scales and unconventional time signatures. Indian music has had a profound influence on his style, and, it has been written, he is one of the first Westerners to play Indian music to Indian audiences. He

3267-668: Is about. In Punjabi culture, music became the carrier of culture around the world. (Schreffler 355) World music radio programs today often play African hip hop or reggae artists, crossover Bhangra and Latin American jazz groups, etc. Common media for world music include public radio , webcasting , the BBC , NPR , and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . By default, non-region-specific or multi-cultural world music projects are often listed under

3366-616: Is aided by the fact that there are many concerts and institutions that help to promote the music. Algerian and Moroccan music have an important presence in the French capital. Hundreds of thousands of Algerian and Moroccan immigrants have settled in Paris, bringing the sounds of Amazigh ( Berber ), raï , and Gnawa music . The West African music community is also very large, integrated by people from Senegal , Mali , Ivory Coast , and Guinea . Unlike musical styles from other regions of

3465-467: Is heard; Peter Gabriel 's work with Pakistani Sufi singer Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan ; the Deep Forest project, in which vocal loops from West Africa are blended with Western, contemporary rhythmic textures and harmony structure ; and the work of Mango , who combined pop and rock music with world elements. Depending on style and context, world music can sometimes share the new-age music genre,

3564-451: Is held twice as long John McLaughlin (musician) John McLaughlin (born 4 January 1942), also known as Mahavishnu , is an English guitarist, bandleader, and composer. A pioneer of jazz fusion , his music combines elements of jazz with rock, world music , Western classical music , flamenco , and blues . After contributing to several key British groups of the early 1960s, McLaughlin made Extrapolation , his first album as

3663-620: Is listed in the catalog of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum 's Library and Archives as the first rock star of the Middle East . Although it primarily describes traditional music, the world music category also includes popular music from non-Western urban communities (e.g. South African "township" music ) and non-European music forms that have been influenced by other so-called third-world musics (e.g. Afro-Cuban music ). The inspiration of Zimbabwe's Thomas Mapfumo in blending

3762-429: Is more accurately termed world fusion jazz , ethnic jazz or non-Western jazz . World fusion and global fusion are nearly synonymous with the genre term worldbeat , and though these are considered subgenres of popular music , they may also imply universal expressions of the more general term world music . In the 1970s and 1980s, fusion in the jazz music genre implied a blending of jazz and rock music , which

3861-594: Is that it consists of "all the music in the world", though such a broad definition renders the term virtually meaningless. Examples of popular forms of world music include the various forms of non-European classical music (e.g. Chinese guzheng music, Indian raga music, Tibetan chants ), Eastern European folk music (e.g. the village music of the Balkans , The Mystery of the Bulgarian Voices ), Nordic folk music , Latin music , Indonesian music , and

3960-693: Is where the misleading assumption is rooted. Millie Small released " My Boy Lollipop " in 1964. Small's version was a hit, reaching number 2 both in the UK Singles Chart and in the US Billboard Hot 100 . In the 1960s, Miriam Makeba and Hugh Masekela had popular hits in the USA. In 1969 Indian musician Ravi Shankar played sitar at the Woodstock festival . In the 1970s, Manu Dibango 's funky track " Soul Makossa " (1972) became

4059-541: The BBC World Service . The BBC Radio 3 Awards for World Music was an award given to world music artists between 2002 and 2008, sponsored by BBC Radio 3 . The award was thought up by fRoots magazine's editor Ian Anderson , inspired by the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards . Award categories included: Africa, Asia/Pacific, Americas, Europe, Mid East and North Africa, Newcomer, Culture Crossing, Club Global, Album of

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4158-547: The Irish - West African meld of Afro Celt Sound System , the pan-cultural sound of AO Music and the jazz / Finnish folk music of Värttinä , each of which bear tinges of contemporary, Western influence—an increasingly noticeable element in the expansion genres of world music. Worldbeat and ethnic fusion can also blend specific indigenous sounds with more blatant elements of Western pop . Good examples are Paul Simon 's album Graceland , on which South African mbaqanga music

4257-497: The Los Angeles Philharmonic . It was recorded in 1988 with Michael Tilson Thomas conducting the London Symphony Orchestra . Unlike what is typical practice in classical music, the concerto includes sections where McLaughlin improvises . Also included on the recording were five duets between McLaughlin and his then-girlfriend Katia Labèque. In the late 1980s, McLaughlin began performing live and recording with

4356-465: The Mahavishnu Orchestra , included violinist Jerry Goodman , keyboardist Jan Hammer , bassist Rick Laird , and drummer Billy Cobham . They performed a technically difficult and complex style of music that fused electric jazz and rock with Eastern and Indian influences. This band helped establish fusion as a new and growing style. McLaughlin's playing at this time was distinguished by fast solos and non-western musical scales . The first incarnation of

4455-508: The Mbira (finger Piano) style onto the electric guitar , saw a host of other Zimbabwean musicians refining the genre, none more successfully than The Bhundu Boys . The Bhundu Jit music hit Europe with some force in 1986, taking Andy Kershaw and John Peel fully under its spell. For many years, Paris has attracted numerous musicians from former colonies in West and North Africa . This scene

4554-572: The R&;B drummer Buddy Miles . Devotion was the first of two albums he released on Douglas. In 1971 he released My Goal's Beyond in the US, a collection of unamplified acoustic works. Side A ("Peace One" and "Peace Two") offers a fusion blend of jazz and Indian classical forms, while side B features melodic acoustic playing on such standards as " Goodbye Pork Pie Hat ", by Charles Mingus whom McLaughlin considered an important influence. My Goal's Beyond

4653-400: The "Modern Jazz Maestros" category. In 2012, Guitar World magazine ranked him 63rd on its top 100 list. In 2010, Jeff Beck called McLaughlin "the best guitarist alive", and Pat Metheny has also described him as the world's greatest guitarist. In 2017, McLaughlin was awarded an honorary doctorate of music from Berklee College of Music . John McLaughlin was born on 4 January 1942 to

4752-732: The 1970s, Inner Worlds , which was released on February 1976, largely due to contractual obligations. McLaughlin then became absorbed in his acoustic playing with his Indian classical music based group Shakti (energy). McLaughlin had already been studying Indian classical music and playing the veena for several years. The group featured Lakshminarayanan L. Shankar (violin), Zakir Hussain ( tabla ), Thetakudi Harihara Vinayakram ( ghatam ) and earlier Ramnad Raghavan ( mridangam ). The group recorded three albums: Shakti with John McLaughlin (1975) A Handful of Beauty (1976), and Natural Elements (1977). Based on both Carnatic and Hindustani styles, along with extended use of konnakol ,

4851-622: The 2018 Grammy Award for the Best Improvised Jazz Solo . He has been awarded multiple "Guitarist of the Year" and "Best Jazz Guitarist" awards from magazines such as DownBeat and Guitar Player based on reader polls. In 2003, he was ranked 49th in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the " 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time ". In 2009, DownBeat included McLaughlin in its unranked list of "75 Great Guitarists", in

4950-667: The 44th Montreux Jazz Festival , in Montreux, Switzerland , on 2 July 2010, for the first time since the band split up. In November 2010, a book was released by Abstract Logix Books entitled Follow Your Heart - John McLaughlin Song by Song by Walter Kolosky, who also wrote the book Power, Passion and Beauty – The Story of the Legendary Mahavishnu Orchestra . The book discussed each song McLaughlin wrote and contained photographs never seen before. John McLaughlin

5049-621: The Balkans, the Middle East, Europe, Africa, Asia and South America. Libana musicians use instruments such as guitars, hammered dulcimers , ouds , bağlamas , pan flutes , charangos , djembes , davuls , frame drums , double bass , clarinets , dumbeks , accordions , and naqarehs . They continue to be active as of 2024. The Breton musician Alan Stivell pioneered the connection between traditional folk music , modern rock music and world music with his 1972 album Renaissance of

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5148-668: The Blue Flames , the Graham Bond Quartet (in 1963) and Brian Auger . During the 1960s, he often supported himself with session work, which he often found unsatisfying but which enhanced his playing and sight-reading. Also, he gave guitar lessons to Jimmy Page . In 1963, Jack Bruce formed the Graham Bond Quartet with Bond, Ginger Baker and John McLaughlin. They played an eclectic range of music genres, including bebop, blues and rhythm. Graham Bond

5247-505: The Boys" by Panjabi MC featuring Jay Z. (Schreffler 354) Collaborations between outsider artists provided an integration of their music, even with foreign instrumentation, into the popular music scene. Immigration, being a great part of music exportation, plays a big role in cultural identity. Immigrant communities use music to feel as if they are home and future generations it plays the role of educating or giving insight into what their culture

5346-581: The Celtic Harp . Around the same time, Stivell's contemporary, Welsh singer-songwriter Meic Stevens popularised Welsh folk music. Neo-traditional Welsh language music featuring a fusion of modern instruments and traditional instruments such as the pibgorn and the Welsh harp has been further developed by Bob Delyn a'r Ebillion . Lebanese musical pioneer Lydia Canaan fused Middle-Eastern quarter notes and microtones with anglophone folk, and

5445-727: The French pianist Katia Labèque , who was also a member of his band in the early 1980s. As of 2017, McLaughlin is married to his fourth wife, Ina Behrend. They had a son in 1998. Since the late 1980s, he has lived in Monaco . McLaughlin is a pescetarian . McLaughlin, alongside Behrend, supports a Palestinian music therapy organization, Al-Mada, who run a program called "For My Identity I Sing". McLaughlin performed in Ramallah , Palestine, in 2012 with Zakir Hussain and in 2014 with 4th Dimension. For his extensive discography including collaborative albums, and albums with music groups, refer to

5544-592: The Grand Canyon , featuring spoken word from Razor Saltboy of the Navajo Indian Nation . The subgenre world fusion is often mistakenly assumed to refer exclusively to a blending of Western jazz fusion elements with world music. Although such a hybrid expression falls easily into the world fusion category, the suffix "fusion" in the term world fusion should not be assumed to mean jazz fusion. Western jazz combined with strong elements of world music

5643-506: The Mahavishnu Orchestra split in late 1973 after two years and three albums, including a live recording Between Nothingness & Eternity , due to personality clashes and overwork imposed by their management; Jan Hammer and Jerry Goodman were among the outspoken members who disputed with McLaughlin's leadership, religious beliefs and songwriting credits. Upon reading an article from Crawdaddy Magazine en route to Japan for

5742-507: The Mongolian folk music in the soundtrack was "pleasant". McLaughlin formed a group, Remember Shakti and toured with them; In addition to original Shakti member Zakir Hussain , this group has also featured eminent Indian musicians U. Srinivas , V. Selvaganesh , Shankar Mahadevan , Shivkumar Sharma , and Hariprasad Chaurasia . In 1996, John McLaughlin, Paco de Lucia and Al Di Meola (known collectively as "The Guitar Trio") reunited for

5841-547: The WOMEX event, the award figurine—an ancient mother goddess statue dating back about 6000 years to the Neolithic age—is presented in an award ceremony to a worthy member of the world music community. Many festivals are identified as being "world music"; here's a small representative selection: Australia Bangladesh Belgium Canada Croatia France Germany Ghana (Free Electronic Dance Music Festival)

5940-568: The Year, and Audience Award. Initial lists of nominees in each category were selected annually by a panel of several thousand industry experts. Shortlisted nominees were voted on by a twelve-member jury, which selected the winners in every category except for the Audience Award category. These jury members were appointed and presided over by the BBC. The annual awards ceremony was held at the BBC Proms and winners were given an award called

6039-471: The acoustic bass of Yan Maresz. In 1994, McLaughlin and Trilok Gurtu composed the soundtrack to the drama film Molom, conte de Mongolie , directed by Marie-Jaoul de Poncheville. The film was praised for its visual aspects, authenticity and acting by outlets such as The New York Times and Variety ; Conversely, reception to the soundtrack was mixed, as Variety considered McLaughlin and Gurtu's score "too contemporary to mesh", while remarking that

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6138-708: The album included Cobham's name, but by the time the tour started in earnest, Gottlieb was in the band. Forman left at some point between the albums, and was replaced on keyboards by Jim Beard . In tandem with Mahavishnu, McLaughlin worked in duo format ( c. 1985–87) with bassist Jonas Hellborg, playing a number of concert dates, some of which were broadcast on radio and TV, but no commercial recordings were made. In 1986, he appeared with Dexter Gordon in Bertrand Tavernier 's film Round Midnight . He also composed The Mediterranean Concerto, orchestrated by Michael Gibbs . The world premier featured McLaughlin and

6237-494: The band introduced ragas and Indian percussion to many jazz aficionados. In this group McLaughlin played a custom-made steel-string J-200 acoustic guitar made by Abe Wechter and the Gibson guitar company that featured two tiers of strings over the soundhole: a conventional six-string configuration and seven strings strung underneath at a 45-degree angle – these were independently tuneable " sympathetic strings " much like those on

6336-524: The chart and also Music Week and the London listings magazine City Limits . It was also suggested that Andy Kershaw might be persuaded to do a run down of this chart on his show regularly. In most wealthy industrialized countries, large amounts of immigration from other regions has been ongoing for many decades. This has introduced non-Western music to Western audiences not only as "exotic" imports, but also as local music played by fellow citizens. But

6435-708: The culturally exotic is encapsulated in Roots magazine's description of the genre as "local music from out there". Music that does not follow "North American or British pop and folk traditions" was given the term "world music" by music industries in Europe and North America. The term was popularized in the 1980s as a marketing category for non-Western traditional music. It has grown to include subgenres such as ethnic fusion ( Clannad , Ry Cooder , Enya , etc.) and worldbeat . The term "world music" has been credited to ethnomusicologist Robert E. Brown , who coined it in

6534-466: The differences between Carnatic and north Indian rhythms apply equally to konnakol and tabla bols. The artist improvises within a structure that interrelates with the raga being played and within the talam preferred in the compositions. In mridangam , kanjira , or ghatam , the percussion is limited to physical characteristics of their structure and construction: the resonance of skin over jackfruit wood, clay shells, or clay pots. The human voice has

6633-531: The early 1960s at Wesleyan University in Connecticut , where he developed undergraduate through doctoral programs in the discipline. To enhance the learning process (John Hill), he invited more than a dozen visiting performers from Africa and Asia and began a world music concert series. The term became current in the 1980s as a marketing/classificatory device in the media and the music industry . There are several conflicting definitions for world music. One

6732-479: The early 1980s) as the Guitar Trio. For the tour of fall 1983 they were joined by Dixie Dregs guitarist Steve Morse who opened the show as a soloist and participated with The Trio in the closing numbers. The Trio reunited in 1996 for a second recording session and a world tour. Also in 1979 McLaughlin recorded the album Johnny McLaughlin: Electric Guitarist , the title on McLaughlin's first business cards as

6831-552: The evolution of the guitar during several of his periods of playing. The Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr cites McLaughlin "the greatest guitar player that's ever lived". McLaughlin is considered a major influence on composers in the fusion genre. In an interview with Downbeat , Chick Corea remarked that "what John McLaughlin did with the electric guitar set the world on its ear. No one ever heard an electric guitar played like that before, and it certainly inspired me. John's band, more than my experience with Miles, led me to want to turn

6930-582: The example of "That was your mother". Alton Rubin and his band the Twisters collaborated with Paul Simon on the song that possessed a zydeco feel, signature of Dopsie's band. Even though Paul Simon wrote and sang the lyrics with them, the whole copyright is attributed to Paul and not to the band as well. (Feld 34) Because of crossovers like this one, where there was a disproportional gain when covering non-western music. Feld states that "...international music scene, where worldwide media contact, amalgamation of

7029-422: The general public have given rise to a related phenomenon called " crossover " music. Musicians from diverse cultures and locations could readily access recorded music from around the world, see and hear visiting musicians from other cultures and visit other countries to play their own music, creating a melting pot of stylistic influences. While communication technology allows greater access to obscure forms of music,

7128-518: The generic category of world music. Examples of radio shows that feature world music include The Culture Cafe on WWUH West Hartford , World of Music on Voice of America , Transpacific Sound Paradise on WFMU , The Planet on Australia's ABC Radio National , DJ Edu presenting D.N.A: DestiNation Africa on BBC Radio 1Xtra , Adil Ray on the BBC Asian Network , Andy Kershaw 's show on BBC Radio 3 and Charlie Gillett 's show on

7227-588: The globe, the American music industry tends to categorize Latin music as its own genre and defines it as any music from Spanish- and Portuguese- speaking countries. The most common name for this form of music is also "folk music", but is often called "contemporary folk music" or "folk revival music" to make the distinction. The transition was somewhat centered in the US and is also called the American folk music revival . Fusion genres such as folk rock and others also evolved within this phenomenon. On 29 June 1987,

7326-599: The ground up by young performers. For example, the Punjabi - Irish fusion band Delhi 2 Dublin is from neither India nor Ireland, but Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada. Country for Syria, an Istanbul based music collective, blends American country music with the music of Syrian refugees and local Turkish music. Musicians and composers also work collectively to create original compositions for various combinations of western and non western instruments. The introduction of non-western music into western culture created

7425-643: The guitar. And introduced thousands of us to world music, by blending Indian music with jazz and classical. I'd say he was the best guitarist alive." McLaughlin has been cited as a major influence on many 1970s and 1980s guitarists, including prominent players such as Steve Morse , Gary Moore , Eric Johnson , Mike Stern , Al Di Meola , Shawn Lane , Scott Henderson , and Trevor Rabin of Yes . Other players who acknowledge his influence include Omar Rodríguez-López of The Mars Volta , Paul Masvidal of Cynic , and Ben Weinman of The Dillinger Escape Plan . According to Pat Metheny , McLaughlin has changed

7524-420: The happier I felt." In January 1969, McLaughlin recorded his debut album Extrapolation in London. It prominently features John Surman on saxophone and Tony Oxley on drums. McLaughlin composed the number "Binky's Beam" as a tribute to his friend, the innovative bass player Binky McKenzie . The album's post-bop style is quite different from McLaughlin's later fusion works, though it gradually developed

7623-448: The late 1970s when he contacted his father and took him out to a pub. The younger John said of the experience, "Without my dad, I wouldn't be here. At least I had closure, and for that I thank my lucky stars"; His father later died from a heart attack. Also, at the age of 7, the younger John McLaughlin heard classical music on the phonograph, and considered it a "message to my heart and soul more than anything"; this motivated him to become

7722-446: The main article above. DownBeat Grammy Awards Guitar Player Magazine Annual Readers Poll Awards World music " World music " is an English phrase for styles of music from non-English speaking countries, including quasi-traditional, intercultural , and traditional music . World music's broad nature and elasticity as a musical category pose obstacles to a universal definition, but its ethic of interest in

7821-498: The many forms of folk and tribal music of the Middle East , Africa , Asia , Oceania , Central and South America . The broad category of world music includes isolated forms of ethnic music from diverse geographical regions. These dissimilar strains of ethnic music are commonly categorized together by virtue of their indigenous roots. Over the 20th century, the invention of sound recording , low-cost international air travel, and common access to global communication among artists and

7920-408: The music industry towards world record sales domination by three enormous companies, and extensive copyright controls by a few Western countries are having a riveting effect on the commodification of musical skill and styles, and on the power of musical ownership." (Feld 32) Immigration also heavily influences world music, providing a variety of options for the wider public. In the 1970s Punjabi music

8019-621: The name "Mahavishnu" (omitting the "Orchestra"). Two LPs were released, Mahavishnu and Adventures in Radioland . The former featured McLaughlin making extensive use of the Synclavier synthesizer, allied with a Roland guitar/controller . The first of the two albums was recorded with a line-up of McLaughlin, Bill Evans (saxophones), Jonas Hellborg (bass), Mitchel Forman (keyboards) and both Danny Gottlieb and Billy Cobham on drums. Initial advertising for concert dates in support of

8118-460: The other releases on offer. By the time of a second meeting it became clear that a successful campaign required its own dedicated press officer. The press officer would be able to juggle various deadlines and sell the music as a concept—not just to national stations, but also regional DJs keen to expand their musical variety. DJs were a key resource as it was important to make "world music" important to people outside London—most regions after all had

8217-595: The pressures of commercialization also present the risk of increasing musical homogeneity, the blurring of regional identities, and the gradual extinction of traditional local music-making practices. Since the music industry established this term, the fuller scope of what an average music consumer defines as "world" music in today's market has grown to include various blends of ethnic music tradition, style and interpretation, and derivative world music genres have been coined to represent these hybrids, such as ethnic fusion and worldbeat . Good examples of hybrid, world fusion are

8316-663: The process is ongoing and continues to produce new forms. In the 2010s several musicians from immigrant communities in the West rose to global popularity, such as Haitian-American Wyclef Jean , Somali-Canadian K'naan , Tamil -Briton M.I.A. , often blending the music of their heritage with hip-hop or pop. Cuban-born singer-songwriter Addys Mercedes started her international career from Germany mixing traditional elements of Son with pop. Once, an established Western artist might collaborate with an established African artist to produce an album or two. Now, new bands and new genres are built from

8415-488: The prominent names performing konnakol are B K Chandramouli, Dr T K Murthy, B C Manjunath , Somashekhar Jois, and Mattias 'IA' Eklundh of Freak Kitchen. Danish musician Henrik Andersen wrote the book Shortcut To Nirvana (2005) and the DVD Learn Konnakol (2014). Andersen was a student of Trilok Gurtu (India) and Pete Lockett (UK). Trumpeter, composer, arranger, and bandleader Don Ellis also utilized

8514-517: The technique extensively in his own compositions and arrangements for his own big band. Ellis would use konnakol in live performance having the members of his entire orchestra actually do the vocalizations of rhythms most notably on a piece entitled "Open Wide", that he performed at the 1977 Montreux Jazz Festival . Subash Chandran's disciple Dr Joel, who teaches konnakol in the UK, is noted for incorporating it into rock and Western classical music, notably in

8613-417: The time, on an album of devotional songs, Love Devotion Surrender , which featured recordings of Coltrane compositions including a movement of A Love Supreme . McLaughlin has also worked with the jazz composers Carla Bley and Gil Evans . In 1979, he formed a short-lived funk fusion power trio named Trio of Doom with drummer Tony Williams and bassist Jaco Pastorius . Their only live performance

8712-461: The track Florianapolis , among others. In the early 1990s, he toured with his trio on the Qué Alegría album. By this time, Eckhardt had left, with McLaughlin and Gurtu joined by bass player Dominique Di Piazza. In the latter stages of this trio's life, they were joined on tour by Katia Labèque alone, or by Katia and her sister Marielle, with footage of the latter configuration forming part of

8811-399: The volume up and write music that was more dramatic and made your hair stand on end." The musician and comedian Darryl Rhoades also paid tribute to McLaughlin's influence. In the 1970s, he led the "Hahavishnu Orchestra", which did parodies of the funk, rock and jazz musical styles of the era. McLaughlin was married to Eve when he was a disciple of Sri Chinmoy . For a time he lived with

8910-412: The work of Peter Gabriel and Johnny Clegg among others had, to some degree, introduced non-Western music to a wider audience. They saw this as an opportunity. In an unprecedented move, all of the world music labels coordinated together and developed a compilation cassette for the cover of the music magazine NME . The overall running time was 90 minutes, each package containing a mini-catalog showing

9009-501: Was McLaughlin's first spiritual influence. Bond would introduce McLaughlin to Indian culture, philosophy, and religious esoteric practices, which McLaughlin stated "triggered a desire to know", while under the influence of drugs. The Graham Bond Quartet was not well received financially and critically; McLaughlin quit the group. By 1966, while working in pop and jazz sessions, McLaughlin encountered personal tragedies from his musical peers who succumbed to drug addictions and death. As

9108-523: Was at the time a mutual dissatisfaction with the results of their performance. On 28 July 2007, McLaughlin performed at Eric Clapton 's Crossroads Guitar Festival in Bridgeview, Illinois . On 28 April 2008, the recording sessions from the previous year surfaced on the album Floating Point , featuring the rhythm section of keyboardist Louis Banks , bassist Hadrien Feraud , percussionist Sivamani and drummer Ranjit Barot bolstered on each track by

9207-492: Was greatly popular in the UK because of its growing Punjabi diaspora. (Schreffler 347) Bhangra music was also greatly covered by its diaspora in cities like New York and Chicago . (Schreffler 351) For a more mainstream integration, the Punjabi music scene integrated collaborations with rappers and started gaining more recognition. One of these successful attempts was a remix of the song "Mundiān ton Bach ke" called "Beware of

9306-531: Was incorporated by founder Susan Robbins, specifically to represent world folk traditions through chants, dance, storytelling, and musical performance. Initially consisting of 25 women, it honed down to 6 "core" members who able to travel the world, all of whom toured in America, Canada, Bulgaria, India, Greece, and Morrocco. Libana has performed music of divergent cultural expressions, of the Mediterranean,

9405-439: Was influential in bringing jazz fusion to popularity with Miles Davis, playing with Davis on five of his studio albums, including Davis' first gold-certified Bitches Brew , and one live album, Live-Evil . Speaking of himself, McLaughlin has stated that the guitar is simply "part of his body", and he feels more comfortable when a guitar is present. In 2010, Jeff Beck said: "John McLaughlin has given us so many different facets of

9504-465: Was inspired by McLaughlin's decision to follow the Indian spiritual leader Sri Chinmoy , to whom he had been introduced in 1970 by Larry Coryell's manager. The album was dedicated to Chinmoy, with one of the Guru 's poems printed on the liner notes . It was on this album that McLaughlin took the name "Mahavishnu". In 1973, McLaughlin collaborated with Carlos Santana , also a disciple of Sri Chinmoy at

9603-550: Was on 3 March 1979 at the Havana Jam Festival (2–4 March 1979) in Cuba , part of a US State Department sponsored visit to Cuba. Later on 8 March 1979 the group recorded the songs they had written for the festival at Columbia Studios, New York, on 52nd Street. Recollections from this performance are captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79 and CD Trio of Doom . McLaughlin's 1970s electric band,

9702-416: Was playing an acoustic guitar with a pick-up. Um, flat-top guitar, and Jimi was playing an electric. Yeah, what a lovely time! Had he lived today, you'd find that he would be employing everything he could get his hands on, and I mean acoustic guitar, synthesizers, orchestras, voices, anything he could get his hands on he'd use!" He played on Miles Davis' albums In a Silent Way , Bitches Brew (which has

9801-541: Was published a book comparing and contrasting konnakol to rudiments . Konnakol should not be confused with the practice in Hindustani music (the classical music of northern India) of speaking tabla " bols ", which indicate the finger placement to be used by a percussionist. By contrast, konnakol syllables are aimed at optimising vocal performance, and vastly outnumber any commonly used finger placements on mridangam or any other hand percussion instrument. Further, all

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