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25-564: The Kaga Rebellion or Chōkyō Uprising was a large-scale revolt in Kaga Province (present-day southern Ishikawa Prefecture ), Japan, in late 1487 through 1488. Togashi Masachika , who ruled Kaga Province as shugo , had been restored to power in 1473 with aid from the Asakura clan as well as the Ikkō-ikki , a loose collection of lesser nobility, monks, and farmers. By 1474, however,

50-579: A civil war in 1531. The heads of the three predominant Hongan-ji temples in Kaga, as well as Taneyasu, were defeated when Renjun, a son of Rennyo, brought in Ikkō-ikki troops from Mikawa Province . Upon Renjun's victory, the office of shugo was abolished and the leaders of the opposition were exiled. The Ikkō-ikki would control Kaga until 1580, when forces loyal to Oda Nobunaga defeated them. Kaga Province Kaga Province ( 加賀国 , Kaga-no-kuni )

75-593: A collection of peasant farmers, Buddhist monks, Shinto priests, and jizamurai (lesser nobles) who all espoused belief in the Jōdo Shinshū sect of Buddhism. Rennyo , the Hongan-ji abbot who led the Jōdo Shinshū movement, attracted a large following in Kaga and Echizen Province , but distanced himself from the political goals of the ikki , advocating violence only for self-defense or defense of one's religion. During

100-692: A portion of Nomi Domain were separated from Kaga Domain into the 100,000 koku Daishōji Domain , which was ruled by a junior branch of the Maeda clan. Following the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system in 1871, Kaga Province was divided into Kanazawa Prefecture and Daishōji Prefecture, which were merged with Fukui Prefecture . However, only a few months later in 1872, Kanazawa and Daishōji were divided back out and merged with Nanao Prefecture (the former Noto Province) to form today's Ishikawa Prefecture . In 1876, former Etchū Province

125-471: A rebellion. Rennyo refused to support their actions and the rebels were quickly defeated and forced to take refuge in Etchū Province . In 1475, Shimotsuma Rensu, a disciple of Rennyo, falsely claimed that Rennyo supported a renewed uprising in Kaga. The revolt failed, and Rennyo excommunicated Rensu. Tiring of his efforts to restrain the unruly Ikkō-ikki, Rennyo left Yoshizaki for the capital region. Despite

150-666: The Engishiki classification system, Noto was ranked as a "middle country" (中国) in both importance and distance from the capital. During the Sengoku period , Nanao Castle was a major stronghold of the Hatakeyama clan , and was contested by the Uesugi clan and Maeda clan . The area became part Kaga Domain controlled by the Maeda clan under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate , with

175-408: The ritsuryō system. The same year, the northern portion of Enuma District became Nomi District, and the southern portion on Kaga District became Ishikawa District. Kaga District itself was renamed Kahoku District. The provincial capital and provincial temple were located in what is now the city of Komatsu ; however, there does not appear to have been a provincial nunnery. The Ichinomiya of

200-622: The ikki that if restored to power, he would lift his supporters out of their poverty. Further motivating the ikki to support Masachika were the religious policies of Kochiyo: Kochiyo patronized the Takada school of Jōdo Shinshū, a fierce rival to the Hongan-ji for control of the Shinshū sect, and persecuted followers of the Hongan-ji. Toshikaga pledged his support, as did the Yoshizaki priests,

225-416: The ikki while Masamoto would join the Hongan-ji. In Kaga, Togashi Yasutaka took power as shugo , ruling the province until his death in 1504. Afterward, under the rule of his son, Taneyasu, the ikki began to assert their influence over the vassal families that supported them in the uprising. The ikki soon split into rival political factions and initiated a series of political struggles which culminated in

250-435: The Ikkō-ikki grew discontent with Masachika, and launched some initial revolts, which were easily quelled. In 1487, when Masachika left on a military campaign, between 100,000 and 200,000 Ikkō-ikki revolted. Masachika returned with his army, but the Ikkō-ikki, backed by several disaffected vassal families, overwhelmed his army and surrounded him in his palace, where he committed seppuku . The former vassals of Masachika granted

275-492: The exception of some scattered small holdings which retained by the shogunate directly as tenryō territory and administered by hatamoto for strategic purposes. Following the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system in 1871, Noto Province was renamed Nanao Prefecture and Imizu District from Etchū Province was added. However, in 1872 Nanao was merged with Kanazawa Prefecture (the former Kaga Province ) to form modern Ishikawa Prefecture and Imizu District

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300-449: The latter prior to any approval from Rennyo. Rennyo eventually granted his approval to the actions of the Yoshizaki priests, and with Toshikaga providing military aid and the Ikkō-ikki rioting throughout Kaga, Masachika quickly overthrew his brother. But Ikkō-ikki support of Masachika was short-lived. By 1474, the Ikkō-ikki were in dispute with Masachika as they claimed that he did not fulfill his promises of economic reward, and they attempted

325-576: The mid-15th century, a civil war broke out among the Togashi clan over the position of shugo . Togashi Masachika had been driven out of Kaga by his younger brother, Kochiyo. When the Ōnin War broke out in 1467, Masachika sided with Hosokawa and Kochiyo with Yamana . In 1473, Masachika requested aid from Asakura Toshikaga , the lord of Echizen and ally of Hosokawa, as well as from the priests of Yoshizaki , who were associated with Rennyo. Masachika promised

350-523: The original provinces in the Nihon Shoki . The region as a whole was sometimes referred to as Esshū ( 越州 ) . In 701 AD, per the reforms of the Taihō Code , Koshi was divided into three separate provinces: Echizen , Etchū, and Echigo . In 823 AD, the two eastern districts of Echizen Province (Kaga and Enuma) were separated to form Kaga Province. Kaga was thus the last province to be created under

375-415: The overthrow of Masachika, Kaga became known as " hyakusho no motaru kuni " ("the kingdom of peasants", or "province ruled by peasants"). Shōgun Yoshihisa, a friend and ally of Masachika, demanded that Rennyo excommunicate the Kaga ikki . However, Hosokawa Masamoto , an influential political figure who was also a close friend and patron of Rennyo, negotiated a deal which permitted Rennyo to merely reprimand

400-574: The position of shugo to Masachika's uncle Yasutaka, but over the next several decades, the Ikkō-ikki increased their political hold on the province, eventually abolishing the shugo . They effectively controlled Kaga for almost a century . During the 15th century in Japan, peasant revolts, known as ikki , became much more commonplace. During the turmoil of the Ōnin War (1467–1477) and subsequent years, these rebellions increased in both frequency and success. Many of these rebels became known as Ikkō-ikki ,

425-425: The previous revolts having been easily suppressed, unrest continued to simmer in Kaga under Masachika's governance. The Ikkō-ikki who remained in Kaga grew bolder, refusing to pay taxes and even seizing tax revenue and land, despite Rennyo's continued protestations. In 1487, Masachika left with a large army for Ōmi Province in response to a call for aid from shōgun Ashikaga Yoshihisa , who was attempting to suppress

450-498: The province is the Shirayama Hime Shrine in what is now the city of Hakusan . Under the Engishiki classification system, Kaga was ranked as a "superior country" (上国) in terms of importance and "middle country" (中国) in terms of distance from the capital. Despite this classification, Kaga never developed a powerful local gōzoku clan but was divided into many shōen estates. During the early Sengoku period ,

475-458: The province was largely under the control of the Ikkō-ikki , who established a loosely governed confederation in the province . The area was eventually conquered by Oda Nobunaga 's general Shibata Katsuie and subsequently came under the control of Maeda Toshiie under the rule of Toyotomi Hideyoshi . The Maeda clan retained control of the province as part of Kaga Domain during the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate . From 1639, Enuma Domain and

500-410: The rebels. The rebels cut off Masachika from reinforcements from his allies in the bordering Echizen, Etchū, and Noto Provinces , and besieged his castle. Masachika, trapped in a burning castle and faced with certain defeat, committed seppuku. In his place, the vassal families who rebelled against Masachika put forward his uncle and ex- shugo , Yasutaka, as a candidate to be the new shugo . Following

525-404: The robber baron Rokkaku Tokoyori. In Masachika's absence, the Ikkō-ikki, led by Rengo, Renkō, and Rensei, three sons of Rennyo, launched their revolt and between one hundred thousand and two hundred thousand members took up arms. Masachika quickly returned from his military expedition, and defeated the rebels in several battles. However, several vassal families, discontent with Masachika, joined with

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550-472: The south, and was surrounded by the Sea of Japan to the east, north and west. Its abbreviated form name was Nōshū ( 能州 ) . In 718 A.D., four districts of Echizen Province , Hakui District , Noto District (also called Kashima District) , Fugeshi District and Suzu District , were separated into Noto Province. However, in the year 741, the province was abolished, and merged into Etchū Province. Noto Province

575-460: Was a province of Japan in the area that is today the south and western portion of Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Kaga bordered on Echizen , Etchū , Hida , and Noto Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit . Its abbreviated form name was Kashū ( 加州 ) . Koshi Province ( 越国 , Koshi no Kuni ) was an ancient province of Japan and is listed as one of

600-532: Was subsequently re-established in 757. The province disappears from history until the Wamyō Ruijushō of 930 AD, in which Minamoto no Shitagō is named as Kokushi of the province. The Nara period provincial capital and provincial temple were located in what is now the city of Nanao, Ishikawa ; however, the Ichinomiya ( Keta Shrine ) was located in what is now the city of Hakui, Ishikawa . Under

625-492: Was united with Ishikawa, only to become separated again in 1883. Kaga Province consisted of four districts: Noto Province Noto Province ( 能登国 , Noto-no kuni ) was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern part of Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan, including the Noto Peninsula ( Noto-hantō ) which is surrounded by the Sea of Japan . Noto bordered on Etchū and Kaga provinces to

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