Zhili , alternately romanized as Chihli , was a northern administrative region of China since the 14th century that lasted through the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty until 1911, when the region was dissolved, converted to a province , and renamed Hebei in 1928.
6-574: The Kaiping Mines (开平煤矿 "Kaiping Coal Mine") was one of the first modern mining companies in Zhili , China . It was founded by Li Hongzhang and production began in 1881. During this period of the mines (1881-1912) at times the annual coal production reached 1,400,000 tons. One of the principals was Zhou Xuexi and the chief engineer was Herbert Hoover . During the course of the Boxer Rebellion , to protect them from foreign occupation, and with
12-583: The Ming dynasty when the capital of China was located at Nanjing along the Yangtze River . In 1403, the Ming Yongle Emperor relocated the capital to Beiping, which was subsequently renamed Beijing . The region known as North Zhili was composed of parts of the modern provinces of Hebei , Henan , Shandong , including the provincial-level municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin . There
18-757: The 18th century the borders of Zhili province were redrawn and spread over what is today Beijing , Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei , Western Liaoning , Northern Henan , and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . After the collapse of Qing dynasty , in 1911, the National Government of the Republic of China converted Zhili into a province as Zhili Province . In 1928 the National Government assigned portions of northern Zhili province to its neighbors in
24-634: The cooperation of Hoover and British financial interests, the mines passed to the Anglo-Belgian Chinese Engineering & Mining Company . The Luanzhou (Lanchou, Lanchow) Mining Company was formed in 1908 under Yuan Shikai to pressure the British to come to terms and return the mines to Chinese control. However the Chinese Engineering & Mining Company emerged on top during the ensuing price war and in 1912
30-469: The two companies would agree to the formation of the Kailan (Kailuan) Mining Administration to manage the mines on behalf of both companies. The Kailan Mines were seen by Matsunaga Yasuzaemon in 1918. Today it's called Kailuan Group . Zhili The name Zhili means "directly ruled" and indicates regions directly ruled by the imperial government of China. Zhili province was first constituted during
36-474: Was another region located around the "reserve capital" Nanjing known as South Zhili that included parts of what are today the provinces of Jiangsu and Anhui , including the provincial-level municipality of Shanghai . During the Qing dynasty , Nanjing lost its status as the "second capital" and Southern Zhili was reconstituted as a regular province, Jiangnan , while Northern Zhili was renamed Zhili Province. In
#552447