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76-682: The proposed Kaliwa Low Dam design had a 600 million-liters-a-day (MLD) capacity, and the water supply tunnel has a 2,400-MLD capacity. Had it been built, the Kaliwa Low Dam was expected to ease the demand on the Angat Dam , Manila's sole water storage facility. It was the main component of the New Centennial Water Source-Kaliwa Dam Project in Tanay, Rizal , which also called for the construction of

152-543: A night person , typically starting his working day at 13:00 or 14:00, and calling for news conferences that began at midnight. During his first 100 days in office, Duterte issued an executive order on freedom of information and sought to resume peace talks with communist insurgents . He also formulated a comprehensive tax-reform plan and led efforts to pass the Bangsamoro Basic Law . Additionally, he sought to streamline government transactions and launched

228-722: A " state of national emergency on account of lawless violence in Mindanao". Duterte, from Mindanao , gained Muslim support in the 2016 election. He argued that the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) were not terrorists but Moro coalitions fighting for dignity. He blamed colonial Christianity and the United States for the Moro conflict in Mindanao. In 2016, Duterte signed an executive order expanding

304-866: A "lie". The probe was terminated on October 13, 2016, for lack of evidence. De Lima was arrested for her alleged involvement in the New Bilibid Prison illegal drug trade . In March 2017, Duterte created the Inter-agency Committee on Anti-illegal Drugs , led by the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency , to tackle drug crime. Later that year, a lawyer filed a complaint with the International Criminal Court against Duterte and 11 officials for crimes against humanity . In October 2017, due to public outrage over alleged police abuse in

380-451: A conciliatory stance toward China, setting aside the controversial Philippines v. China ruling on South China Sea claims. Duterte is a polarizing figure, facing criticism and international opposition for his anti-narcotics efforts. Various poll agencies such as SWS , PUBLiCUS Asia, and Pulse Asia consider Duterte's approval ratings to have remained high during and after his presidency, according to their own polling, making Duterte as

456-671: A crackdown on loiterers in June 2018, the Philippine National Police (PNP) launched an anti-crime campaign . Duterte failed in his bid to restore the death penalty (also known as capital punishment ) in April 2017 when a bill to resume it for certain offenses stalled in the Senate and did not receive enough votes to pass. The crime rate significantly dropped under Duterte's presidency, excluding killings related to

532-665: A crackdown on illegal drugs and corruption , leading to a reduction in drug proliferation which caused the deaths of 6,600 people. His administration withdrew the Philippines from the International Criminal Court after the court launched a preliminary examination into alleged crimes against humanity committed during the crackdown. Duterte increased infrastructure spending and launched Build! Build! Build! , an ambitious infrastructure program. He initiated liberal economic reforms, including reforming

608-759: A dam at the Kaliwa River (Laiban Dam), and/or a smaller dam downstream (Kaliwa Low Dam) to maximize water supply, ensure short - and long - term redundancy, and optimize power generation capacities ," and in February 2013, the Public Private Partnership Center released a document "sounding out" interested parties. In that initial market sounding, this proposal was already thought likely to comprise: In report by Philippine Daily Inquirer reporter Niña Calleja in that same month, MWSS senior deputy administrator Nathaniel Santos indicated that

684-520: A desire to retire. Despite international criticism, the war on drugs retained majority support among Filipinos. By February 2022, 58% of barangays had been declared drug-cleared as part of the Barangay Drug Clearing Program . In November 2016, Duterte signaled his intention to withdraw the Philippines from the International Criminal Court (ICC) after an ICC prosecutor said the organization may have authority to prosecute

760-784: A hydro-electric power plant. The dam is 131 meters high and impounds water from the Angat River that subsequently created the Angat Lake. Angat Dam has a normal high water level of 210 meters, according to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (Pagasa). It has three gates opening a total of 1.5 meters to gradually release water that had accumulated due to incessant rains during typhoons. In comparison, Ipo Dam , located downstream of Angat Dam, has three gates and 100.8 meters as its normal high water level (NHWL). Ambuklao Dam on

836-760: A mass oath-taking for his Cabinet officials, and held his first Cabinet meeting on June 30. He appointed his long-time personal aide Bong Go as Special Assistant to the President to provide general supervision to the Presidential Management Staff . During his tenure, Duterte appointed several retired military generals and police directors to the Cabinet and other government agencies, stating they are honest and competent. He initially offered four executive departments to left-leaning individuals, who later resigned, were fired, or rejected by

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912-411: A populist for his rejection of titles and casual attitude. He has issued an order prohibiting the use of honorifics for himself, his family, and his Cabinet members. He often chewed gum in public and wore casual attire for formal occasions, saying he dresses for comfort and not to impress anybody. His informal and unaffected attitude attracted support from many Filipinos. Duterte described himself as

988-461: A portion of the area a National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary. Environmental groups have protested the project, as the dam will destroy a great portion of the Sierra Madre range. The dam will ultimately destroy numerous habitats of many endangered species living in the mountains once construction begins. Among the thousands of plant and animal life whose home will be destroyed by the project is

1064-604: A result, construction of the dam has been approved, deferred, stopped, and restarted a number of times in the decades since. The roots of the current "New Centennial Water Source Project" can be traced to the Water Security Legacy (WSL) Roadmap proposed by the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) in 2012–2016. Based on this document, the MWSS developed plans for " the development of

1140-436: A water supply tunnel and various attendant infrastructure. The project had originally been proposed as a bigger, integrated system that included a plan for a second dam, named Laiban dam further upstream. But the government decided on a proposal that would have built the system in stages, and only stage one, involving Kaliwa Low Dam and the water supply tunnel, was approved under the administration of Benigno Aquino III . When

1216-458: Is known for his authoritarian leadership style and man-of-the-people persona, characterized by fiery rhetoric and controversial, off-the-cuff speeches. His spokesperson and advisors frequently had to interpret and clarify his remarks. Some observers expressed concern that his statements may have been misconstrued as government policy. He was also criticized for his sexist jokes and low tolerance for dissent. Duterte believed an "iron fist"

1292-506: Is one of the most biodiverse areas in the Philippines and the largest remaining rainforest in the country. An estimated 12,147 hectares of residual forests, home to 172 recorded plant or flora species will be affected by the dam construction. The project site is part of the Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve, which is supposedly protected by virtue of Proclamation No. 573 on June 22, 1968. Proclamation 1636 declared

1368-420: The 16th President of the Philippines began on June 30, 2016 , succeeding Benigno Aquino III . He was the first president from Mindanao , the first president to have worked in all three branches of government, and the oldest to be elected. He won the election amid growing frustration with post- EDSA governance that favored elites over ordinary Filipinos. His tenure ended on June 30, 2022. Duterte began

1444-801: The Bangsamoro Transition Commission from 15 members to 21, with 11 chosen by the MILF and 10 nominated by the government. This commission is responsible for drafting the Bangsamoro Basic Law , which is seen as a key part of the federalism plan for resolving the Bangsamoro peace process . Following the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro signed between the Government of the Philippines and

1520-697: The Battle of Marawi and extended it for two years, the longest period of martial law in the Philippines since Ferdinand Marcos ' 14-year rule . He pursued peace talks with the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) but cancelled them in February 2017 after attacks by the New People's Army (NPA) against government forces as justification and declared the CPP-NPA as a terrorist group. He created task forces to end local communist armed conflict and for

1596-526: The Commission on Appointments after relations between the government and the communist rebels deteriorated. Duterte fired several Cabinet members and officials who were linked to corruption but critics accused him of "recycling" people he fired when he appointed some of them to other government positions. Stating he is not an economist, Duterte appointed several technocrats to his Cabinet, which he relied upon for economic affairs. Duterte appointed

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1672-547: The Ease of Doing Business Act . A law he signed in December 2020 allows the President to expedite permits, licenses, and certifications during national emergencies. Duterte had a policy of destroying smuggled luxury vehicles to discourage smugglers. He made threats against big businesses over unpaid debts to the government, leading Philippine Airlines and Mighty Corporation to pay their debts. In March 2019, he abolished

1748-705: The Laiban Dam , Kaliwa Dam , and Kanan Dam . Rep. Rogaciano Mercado of Bulacan 's second district expressed supported for the construction of Angat Dam (then called the Angat Multi-Purpose Project) in lieu of the Marikina Multi-Purpose Project proposed in Marikina Valley, which he argued was potentially hazardous due to geological defects in the area. Emma hit Central Luzon in 1967, passing through

1824-727: The National Prosecution Service , and signed legislation prohibiting hazing in university organizations, increasing penalties for gender-based harassment in public places, and increasing protection of consumers against fraud. He strengthened the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act , eased gun application requirements for those in danger, and ordered the shutdown of Ponzi -like investment firms. To strengthen border control, he implemented an Advance Passenger Information System . After he ordered

1900-564: The Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth). On October 27, he ordered the DOJ's investigation and a newly created taskforce to investigate corruption within the government. Early in his term, Duterte pardoned several communist rebels and political prisoners while pursuing peace talks. He also granted pardons to elderly and sickly prisoners, as well as upperclassmen and graduating cadets from

1976-608: The Philippine National Police (PNP) launched Oplan Tokhang , inviting identified drug suspects to surrender. Duterte identified three Chinese nationals who were alleged drug lords in the Philippines, and named 150 public officials allegedly involved in the illegal drug trade. At the height of his anti-drugs campaign, Duterte urged the public and communists to kill drug dealers. Pardons were promised to police who shot drug dealers during anti-drug raids, prompting thousands to surrender. Rehab centers were built to accommodate them. Concerns arose locally and internationally due to

2052-762: The Umiray River basin in General Nakar , Quezon as an additional source for the Angat Dam Reservoir, as the growing population of Metro Manila pushed the demand for potable water up. This led to the Umiray-Angat Transbasin Project (UATP), which began in July 1995 and was completed in June 2000 with a total cost of PhP 4 billion. The UATP involved constructing a 13 km 4.3 meter diameter diversion tunnel which channeled

2128-572: The administration of President Rodrigo Duterte , the government revealed that it would not continue with the project under a public–private partnership agreement as proposed during the Aquino administration, but would instead pursue the project using Official Development Assistance loan from China. Some lawyers noted that the interest rate of the Chinese deal was 2%, while the Japanese deal that

2204-481: The country's tax system . He also established freedom of information under the executive branch to eliminate corruption and red tape . Additionally, he granted free irrigation to small farmers and liberalized rice imports with the Rice Tariffication Law. Duterte implemented a campaign against terrorism and signed the controversial Anti-Terrorism Act . He declared martial law in Mindanao during

2280-687: The AFP Modernization Act and the Revised AFP Modernization Act had been completed. Duterte ran a law-and-order campaign. He created a task force to ensure a safe environment for media workers and signed a law creating the Office of the Judiciary Marshals, which was tasked with ensuring the security and protection of judiciary personnel and property. He appointed at least 1,700 new prosecutors to

2356-690: The Angat Hydro-Electric Project and Dam of the National Power Corporation (NPC or Napocor) in Norzagaray. The heavy downpour caused the water in the dam reservoir to rise perilously to a danger height of 212 meters above sea level. Napocor opened the spillway gates to prevent an overflow of water from the dam. The Engineering Construction, Inc. (ECI), which had been doing construction work also in Norzagaray, suffered losses to its equipment and properties when

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2432-599: The CPP-NPA-NDF, facilitating localized peace talks. In July 2017, Duterte threatened to bomb Lumad schools, alleging they shelter rebels and teach against the government. He supported the military's claim that the left-wing party-lists of the Makabayan Bloc are fronts for the CPP, drawing criticism for red-tagging , which he denied. By the end of Duterte's term in office, the number of NPA guerrilla fronts

2508-623: The Duterte administration signed a contract with Hyundai Heavy Industries for two missile frigates worth ₱ 15.74 billion. The two frigates were delivered in 2020 and 2021, and were officially commissioned as BRP Jose Rizal (FF-150) and BRP Antonio Luna (FF-151) , respectively. On June 20, 2018, Duterte approved the ₱300 billion budget for Horizon 2 , the second phase of the Revised AFP Modernization Program, which ran from 2018 to 2022. In February 2022,

2584-495: The Duterte administration signed a ₱32 billion deal to purchase 32 additional S-70i "Black Hawk" combat utility helicopters from PZL Mielec of Poland. In April 2022, Duterte signed a law restricting the chief of staff and other senior AFP officers to a fixed, three-year term unless terminated earlier by the President. The law allows for extensions "in times of war or other national emergency declared by Congress". By June 2022, Duterte's last month in office, 54 projects under

2660-772: The MILF in 2014, on July 26, 2018, Duterte signed the Bangsamoro Organic Law , which abolished the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and provided the basic structure of government for the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). Duterte signed an executive order in April 2019 facilitating the decommissioning of MILF forces and weapons; from June 2019 to May 2022, around 19,200 former MILF combatants and 2,100 weapons were decommissioned. At

2736-703: The MWSS to develop the project in stages, allowing for construction on the Kaliwa Low Dam to begin sooner, and for the Laiban Dam components of the project to be funded under a different financial mechanism. The original integrated project had been proposed by the MWSS under a build-operate-transfer (BOT) financing scheme. When the Joint Cabinet Committee and Technical Board Meeting of the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Investment Coordination Committee (ICC) discussed

2812-762: The Nation Address as one of the infrastructure projects approved by his administration as part of its drought prevention efforts. In 2015, two consortia were pre-qualified to bid for the undertaking of the Kaliwa Dam project — the SMC-K Water Consortium, which is a partnership between San Miguel Holdings Corp. and Korea Water Resources Corp.; and the Abeima-Datem Consortium, which is a partnership between Albeinsa Infraestructura Medio Ambiento S.A and Datem Inc. In 2019, under

2888-571: The Philippine Anti-Illegal Drugs Strategy, allowing all government departments, state universities and colleges to implement their own strategies against the illegal drug trade. Duterte has acknowledged that the war on drugs has been difficult to control due to the country's long coastline and corruption. He asked president-elect Bongbong Marcos to continue the war on drugs in his own way; Duterte declined an appointment offer as Marcos' drug czar , expressing

2964-591: The Philippines (CPP), the New People's Army (NPA), and the National Democratic Front (NDF) in Oslo . The administration hoped for a peace treaty within a year and temporarily released communist prisoners, including CPP-NPA chairman Benito Tiamzon and CPP-NPA secretary-general Wilma Tiamzon , for the talks. The Commission on Appointments rejected several officials appointed by Duterte with leftist affiliations, and relations between Duterte and

3040-791: The Philippines and fraternity brother of Duterte, inaugurated Duterte as the sixteenth president of the Philippines in a simple ceremony held in the largest room of Malacañang Palace in Manila . This was the fourth inauguration to be held in Malacañang and the first since the establishment of the Fifth Philippine Republic . On May 31, 2016, a few weeks before his presidential inauguration, Duterte named his Cabinet , which consisted of former military generals, childhood friends, classmates, and leftist politicians. Following his presidential inauguration, he administered

3116-553: The President has no "unbridled authority" to withdraw from treaties. On September 16, 2021, the ICC authorized a formal investigation into the war on drugs in the Philippines, focusing on crimes committed between 2016 and March 2019. The Philippine government requested a deferral of the probe in November 2021, which was suspended by the ICC to assess the request. However, on June 26, 2022, ICC prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan concluded that

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3192-637: The Road Board, stating that agency was "nothing but a depository of money and for corruption". Duterte on June 4, 2019, ordered the Presidential Commission on Good Government to auction the ₱ 700 million worth of Imelda Marcos' jewelry collection , although as of June 1, 2022, an auction date had yet to be announced. In August 2020, Duterte ordered the Department of Justice (DOJ) to investigate corruption allegations within

3268-795: The arrest of 22,000 suspects, surrender of 731,000 people, and deaths of 3,300, half killed by unknown assailants. He criticized the Catholic Church and the international critics, including US President Barack Obama , the US government, the United Nations , and the European Union , who condemned his tactics. After the September 2 bombing in Davao City killed 14 people, Duterte issued Proclamation No. 55 , officially declaring

3344-411: The bill compared it to laws of other countries and maintained it would not be used against law-abiding citizens. From 2016-2021, 1,544 ASG members, 971 Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters members, and 1,427 Dawlah Islamiyah members were captured, killed, or surrendered. Duterte sought peace with communist rebels, directing his advisor Silvestre Bello III to lead talks with the Communist Party of

3420-399: The communist rebels deteriorated. Duterte rejected communist rebel proposals for a "coalition government". After the NPA kidnapped and attacked soldiers during a ceasefire, Duterte canceled negotiations with the CPP-NPA-NDF and designated them as a terrorist organization and ordered the arrest of all NDF negotiators. Clashes between the military and the rebels resumed after the ceasefire

3496-430: The construction. The Samahan ng mga Katutubong Agta/Dumagat (Organization of Indigenous Agta/Dumagat) estimate that the project would displace 10,000 members of the Dumagat tribe. Protesters have maintained that Indigenous communities that will be affected by the project were not consulted. Philippine law requires that such projects acquire free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) from Indigenous communities. Sierra Madre

3572-421: The continuing crackdown, Duterte prohibited the PNP from joining anti-drug raids and designated the PDEA as the "sole agency" in charge of the war on drugs. The PNP launched a recovery and wellness program for drug dependents in the same month. The PNP was allowed to rejoin the campaign in December 2017 with the PDEA still as the lead agency. In October 2018, Duterte signed an executive order institutionalizing

3648-478: The critically endangered Philippine eagle . Other species that will be affected by the project are the endangered north Philippine hawk-eagle , the Philippine brown deer , the Philippine warty pig , and the vulnerable northern rufous hornbill . Angat Dam Angat Dam ( Tagalog: [aŋˈɡat] ) is a concrete water reservoir embankment hydroelectric dam in the Philippines that supplies Metro Manila and nearby provinces with water. It

3724-411: The extraordinary large volume of water rushed out of the spillway gates and hit ECI's installations and construction works. At about 2100 hours on October 26, 1978, during the height of typhoon "Kading", NAPOCOR simultaneously opened all three floodgates of the Angat Dam. The NPC started to open the floodgates from 1 meter to 8 meters at 0100 hours of October 27, 1978, until all floodgates were opened to

3800-515: The following to the Supreme Court of the Philippines : Duterte signed into law 379 bills in the 17th Congress ; 120 of these laws were national in scope while 259 were local. In the 18th Congress , Duterte signed into law 311 bills, of which 119 were national and 192 were local. The Official Gazette lists 176 executive orders , 1,401 proclamations, 53 memorandum orders, 98 memorandum circulars, 48 administrative orders, 20 special orders, and one general order issued by Duterte. Duterte

3876-427: The full implementation of the Reproductive Health Law . In response to the COVID-19 pandemic , he initially implemented strict lockdown measures , causing a 9.5% contraction of the gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020. However, with the economy gradually reopening, the GDP increased by 5.6% in 2021. Duterte sought improved relations with China and Russia and reduced dependence on the United States . He took

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3952-423: The headwaters of Umiray River at its intake point to Macua, in Doña Remedios Trinidad , Bulacan, providing an additional 300 mld to the Angat Dam Reservoir. As of 2010, Angat Dam was providing 4,000 million liters a day (mld) out of a demand of 4,395 mld, and that demand was expected to grow to 5.054 mld in 2015, and 4,680 mld in 2020. Successive administration have already pushed for additional sources, such as

4028-405: The high number of suspects who died during police operations. In August 2016, opposition Senator Leila de Lima launched a Senate probe into the extrajudicial killings, using hitman Edgar Matobato of the alleged vigilante group Davao Death Squad as a witness. Matobato testified Duterte, then mayor of Davao City, was involved in extrajudicial killings in the city; Duterte called the allegation

4104-526: The main difference of the NCWSP from previous plans was that it would involve the construction of two smaller dams at the Kaliwa watershed instead of just the one. A main dam (Laiban Dam) would be built at the upper Kaliwa River in Barangay Laiban, and another regulating dam (Kaliwa Low Dam) further downstream. When the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Investment Coordination Committee (ICC) had their October 4, 2013, Joint Cabinet Committee and Technical Board Meeting, however, they suggested that

4180-420: The maximum of 14 to 14.5 meters by 0600 hours of the same day. This resulted in the inundation of several towns in Bulacan near the dam; the hardest-hit was Norzagaray, where about 100 residents died and million of pesos worth of properties were destroyed. Eleven civil suits were filed against the electric corporation in the Regional Trial Court of Malolos . The NPC countered that there was very little opening of

4256-446: The most popular post-People Power Revolution president. Duterte, campaigning on a platform of fighting crime , corruption , and illegal drugs , won the 2016 presidential election with 16,601,997  ( 39.02%) votes, defeating Liberal Party leader Mar Roxas by over 6.6 million votes. On May 9, 2016 , the Congress of the Philippines declared Duterte the winner of the presidential election. Duterte's transition team

4332-445: The nationwide 9–1–1 rescue and 8888 complaint hotlines. He also established a one-stop service center for overseas Filipino workers and increased the combat and incentive pay of soldiers and police personnel. Internationally, he took actions to limit the number of visiting US troops in the country and had contact with China and Russia to improve diplomatic relations. Duterte launched a campaign against illegal drugs resulting in

4408-554: The opening of the spillways was made at the unholy hours when residents were asleep. The plaintiffs all testified that they were never given any warning that the spillways would be opened to that extent." ^ The sum of both installed capacity: The main powerhouse has 200,000 kW (4 X 50,000 kW) installed capacity while the auxiliary powerhouse has 46,000 kW (3 X 6,000 kW, 1 x 10,000 kW, 1 x 18,000 kW) installed capacity. Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte Rodrigo Duterte 's six-year tenure as

4484-488: The other hand, has two gates with NHWL at 752 meters. Binga Dam which sits downstream from Ambuklao has three gates and NHWL at 575 meters. San Roque Dam, which was receiving water from Ambuklao and Binga, has NHWL at 280 meters. Angat Dam supplies potable water and energy to Metro Manila and nearby areas. Tourists also visit the dam for fishing, boating and hunting. In the early 1990s, the Philippine government and Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System studied tapping

4560-437: The perpetrators of drug war deaths. Duterte maintained that the Rome Statute , which was ratified by the Senate in 2011, was never binding in the Philippines because it was never published in the Official Gazette . The withdrawal process began in March 2018 after the tribunal's chief prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda , launched a preliminary examination into crimes against humanity allegedly committed by Duterte and other officials in

4636-405: The project did not move forward by the time Aquino administration ended, the succeeding Duterte administration decided not to pursue the Japanese-proposed Kaliwa Low Dam plan in 2019, deciding to instead pursue a bigger, China-funded dam project. Various plans for the construction of a dam in Tanay, Rizal, have been proposed since the 1970s, when the Marcos government first decided that the location

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4712-473: The project on 4 October 2013, however, they recommended that the MWSS resubmit its proposal with only the Kaliwa Low Dam and water supply tunnel components, and that it be funded using the MWSS' funds or though overseas development assistance. The project, with its revised scope, was approved at the May 29, 2014, meeting of the NEDA Board, which is chaired by President Benigno Aquino III . On July 28, 2014, President Aquino cited Kaliwa dam in his 5th State of

4788-402: The reintegration of former communist rebels, and enacted a law establishing the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region and granting amnesty to former rebels. Duterte implemented free college education in state universities and colleges and institutionalized an alternative learning system . He also signed the automatic enrollment of all Filipinos in the government's health insurance program and ordered

4864-494: The request was "not warranted" and requested the pre-trial chamber of the ICC to immediately resume the investigation. Duterte signed the Freedom of Information executive order and created the Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission to combat corruption in the executive branch . He launched the 8888 Citizens' Complaint Hotline , allowing the public to report corruption and poor government services. To reduce bureaucracy and processing time, in 2018, Duterte signed into law

4940-405: The spillways, ranging from 1 meter to 2 meters, but from midnight or from the first hours of October 27, 1978, the opening of all the three spillways started at 5 meters and swiftly went as far up as 14 meters. The court noted that had the opening of all the three spillways been made earlier and gradually, there would have been no need to open the same suddenly: "What made the situation worse was that

5016-504: The urging of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority , Duterte signed a law postponing the first parliamentary elections of BARMM from 2022 to 2025. On May 23, 2017, clashes between Philippine security forces and the ISIS -affiliated Maute and Abu Sayyaf (ASG) Salafi jihadist groups occurred in Marawi , prompting Duterte to declare martial law across Mindanao . The city was extensively damaged by militant fire and military airstrikes, necessitating rehabilitation , and Marawi

5092-433: The war on drugs. In October 2021, the PNP reported a 49.6% drop in crimes since July 2016. Police data showed that between 2016 and September 2021, 1.36 million crimes were reported, compared to the 2.67 million crimes reported between 2010 and 2015. Duterte, during his presidential campaign, warned the Philippines was at risk of becoming a narco-state and promised to fight the illegal drug trade. After his inauguration,

5168-428: The war on drugs. The withdrawal took effect a year later on March 17, 2019. A Supreme Court (SC) ruling in March 2021 dismissed three petitions filed by the Philippine Coalition for the ICC, the Integrated Bar of the Philippines , and opposition senators challenging Duterte's withdrawal from the ICC on the grounds that the petitioners were unable to establish legal standing to challenge the action. The SC also ruled that

5244-489: Was a more viable location for a dam than the Marikina River . However, protests against the construction of the dam, called Laiban because Barangay Laiban was chosen as the exact project site, very quickly led to protests from various groups. Foremost among these were Indigenous peoples from Central and Southern Luzon, notably the local Remontado Dumagat people, whose ancestral lands would specifically be affected. Environmental and activist groups later also raised concerns. As

5320-488: Was a part of the Angat- Ipo - La Mesa water system. The reservoir supplies about 90 percent of raw water requirements for Metro Manila through the facilities of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System and it irrigates about 28,000 hectares of farmland in the provinces of Bulacan and Pampanga . Angat Dam is located within the Angat Watershed Forest Reserve in Barangay San Lorenzo (Hilltop), Norzagaray , Bulacan. It supplies potable water to Metro Manila and powers

5396-424: Was declared liberated from terrorist influence on October 17. Congress granted Duterte's requests to extend martial law in Mindanao thrice between 2017 and 2019. Martial law lapsed on January 1, 2020, after Duterte decided not to extend it. In July 2020, Duterte signed the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 ; critics argued the law relaxes safeguards on human rights and is prone to abuse, while authors and sponsors of

5472-474: Was lifted. Duterte formed a task force to centralize government efforts for the reintegration of former rebels and issued an executive order in December 2018 creating the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC) to implement a " Whole-of-nation approach " in addressing the "root causes" of communism. In March 2019, he permanently terminated peace negotiations with

5548-537: Was needed to instill discipline and cultivated a public image of a father figure Tatay Digong (Father Digong), who instills order and discipline within the nation. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic , he imposed community quarantines and used the military and police to enforce social-distancing guidelines. Scholars coined the term "Dutertismo" to refer to Duterte's style of governance and the illiberal and radical elements of his presidency. Duterte has been called

5624-544: Was organized after he led by a significant margin at the unofficial count by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) and the Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting . The transition team prepared the new presidential residence and cabinet appointments, and held meetings with the outgoing administration . On June 30, 2016, Bienvenido L. Reyes , an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of

5700-636: Was reduced from 89 to 23; of more than 25,000 "members, supporters, and sympathizers of the underground movement", only 2,000 remained according to the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). The Duterte administration committed to continue the 15-year modernization program of the AFP initiated by the Arroyo administration and revived by the Benigno Aquino III administration . In October 2016,

5776-658: Was sidelined by the government only had a 1.25% interest. The Japanese have since renewed their call for the Philippine government to reconsider their proposal. Ancestral lands belonging to Indigenous Dumagats and Remontados will be affected by the Kaliwa Dam project. The coalition Sectors Opposed to the Kaliwa Dam (STOP Kaliwa Dam) estimate that 1,000 households from Barangay Daraitan in Tanay, Rizal, and 500 households in Pagsangahan, General Nakar, Quezon, will be inundated by

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