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33-480: Kamëz was one of the applicants for the 2019 European Green Capital Awards , which was won by Oslo . Kamez is located on the site of an Ancient Illyrian village. The area may have been visited by Emperor Justinian I or Belisarius . Prior to the 1990s, Kamëz was a sparsely populated and predominantly agricultural area. Following the post 1990s Albanian population movements, the area experienced massive influxes of inhabitants from all over Albania. The newly formed city

66-573: A Competitive Europe" predicts that there are many opportunities in recycling, producing longer-lasting products and offering maintenance services from the manufacturer. According to the International Labour Organization , a shift to a greener economy could create 24 million new jobs globally by 2030, if the right policies are put in place. Also, if a transition to a green economy were not to take place, 72 million full-time jobs may be lost by 2030 due to heat stress, and

99-584: A Green Growth Strategy and in 2012, the World Bank , UNEP , OECD and GGGI launched the Green Growth Knowledge Platform (GGKP). The related concepts of green growth, green economy and low-carbon development are sometimes used differently by different organisations but are also used interchangeably. Some organisation also include social aspects in their definitions. The report "Growth Within: A Circular Economy Vision for

132-625: A particular accent on efforts generating green growth and new jobs. The objectives of the European Green Leaf are threefold: The European Green Leaf has been presented on an annual basis by the European Commission in conjunction with the European Green Capital Award from its conception in 2015 as a stamp of approval to Smaller Cities, Growing Greener! Green growth Green growth

165-782: A statistical-econometric point of view, while hardly acknowledging thermodynamic principles on the role of energy and materials for socio-economic activities. A potentially fundamental incompatibility between economic growth and systemic societal changes to address the climate crisis is rarely considered." The second part concluded "that large rapid absolute reductions of resource use and GHG emissions cannot be achieved through observed decoupling rates, hence decoupling needs to be complemented by sufficiency -oriented strategies and strict enforcement of absolute reduction targets." A 2020 paper by Jason Hickel and Giorgos Kallis published in New Political Economy concludes that "there

198-478: Is a concept in economic theory and policymaking used to describe paths of economic growth that are environmentally sustainable. It is based on the understanding that as long as economic growth remains a predominant goal, a decoupling of economic growth from resource use and adverse environmental impacts is required. As such, green growth is closely related to the concepts of green economy and low-carbon or sustainable development . A main driver for green growth

231-613: Is an award given by the European Commission each year to a European city based on its environmental record. The award was launched on 22 May 2008, with the first award being given to Stockholm for the year 2010. The European Commission has long recognised the important role that local authorities play in improving the environment , and their high level of commitment to genuine progress. The European Green Capital Award has been conceived as an initiative to promote and reward these efforts. Starting in 2010, one European city

264-524: Is disputed. Further influential developments include work by the economists Nicholas Stern and William Nordhaus , making the case for integrating environmental concerns into economic activities: The 2006 Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change assessed the economic costs and risks of climate change and concluded that “the benefits of strong and early action far outweigh the economic costs of not acting”. The term “green growth” originates from

297-785: Is known to bear impressive street names belonging to international personalities, capital cities, and organizations, such as Donald Trump Street. The municipality Kamëz consists of the town Kamëz and the following villages: The main football team, KS Kamza , plays in the Albanian Second Division at Fusha Sportive Kamëz . It is the site of the Agricultural University of Tirana . The basketball team BC Kamza Basket are 6 times national champions and play their home games at Salla Sportive Bathore . Kamëz also cooperates with: European Green Capital Award The European Green Capital Award ( EGCA )

330-427: Is no empirical evidence that absolute decoupling from resource use can be achieved on a global scale against a background of continued economic growth" and that "absolute decoupling from carbon emissions is highly unlikely to be achieved at a rate rapid enough to prevent global warming over 1.5°C or 2°C, even under optimistic policy conditions." It thus suggests looking for alternative strategies. The Degrowth movement

363-574: Is selected as the European Green Capital. Following the success of the European Green Capital Award (EGCA), many smaller cities sought EU recognition for their efforts and commitment in the areas of sustainability & environment. In response, the European Commission launched a pilot European Green Leaf (EGL) initiative in 2015. The European Green Leaf's competition aims at cities between 20,000 and 100,000 inhabitants recognizing their commitment to better environmental outcomes, with

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396-403: Is selected each year as the European Green Capital of the year. The award is given to a city that: All cities across Europe with more than 100,000 inhabitants can be a candidate for European Green Capital. The award is open to EU Member States , EU candidate countries , Iceland , Liechtenstein , Norway and Switzerland . In countries where there is no city with more than 100,000 inhabitants,

429-543: Is the transition towards sustainable energy systems. Advocates of green growth policies argue that well-implemented green policies can create opportunities for employment in sectors such as renewable energy , green agriculture , or sustainable forestry . Several countries and international organizations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) , World Bank, and United Nations, have developed strategies on green growth; others, such as

462-501: Is why another proposed metric is the material footprint (MF). The MF aims to encompass the resource use from the beginning of a production chain to its end, meaning from where raw materials are extracted to where the product or service is consumed. Research based on the MF indicates that resource use might be growing similarly to GDP for a number of countries, as for example for the EU-27 or

495-571: The Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) , are specifically dedicated to the issue. The term green growth has been used to describe national or international strategies, for example as part of economic recovery from the COVID-19 recession , often framed as a green recovery . Critics of green growth highlight how green growth approaches do not fully account for the underlying economic systems change needed in order to address

528-566: The climate crisis , biodiversity crisis and other environmental degradation . Critics point instead to alternative frameworks for economic change such as a circular economy , steady-state economy , degrowth , doughnut economics and others. Green growth and related concepts stem from the observation that economic growth of the past 250 years has come largely at the expense of the environment upon which economic activities rely. The concept of green growth assumes that economic growth and development can continue while associated negative impacts on

561-750: The Asia Pacific Region and first emerged at the Fifth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Development (MCED) in Seoul, South Korea in 2005, where the Seoul Initiative Network on Green Growth was founded. Several international organisations had since turned their attention to green growth, in part as a way out of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 : At the request of countries, the OECD in 2011 published

594-497: The Association of Estonian cities, who submitted the so-called Tallinn Memorandum to the European Commission , proposing the establishment of an award rewarding cities that are leading the region in environmentally friendly urban living. The award was officially launched based on an initiative of the European Commission on 22 May 2008. The first award was given to Stockholm for the year 2010, and each year since one European city

627-596: The European Environmental Bureau (EEB), seven barriers could make green growth wishful thinking. These barriers are as follows: - Rising energy costs . The more natural resources are needed, the more expensive it will be to extract them. - Rebound effects . Improved efficiency is often accompanied by the same or higher consumption of a given good or service. - Displacement of the problem , all technological solutions lead to environmental externalities. - Underestimated impact of services ,

660-404: The economy grows. Further distinctions are made based on what is taken into account: decoupling economic growth from resource use ( resource decoupling ) or from environmental pressure ( impact decoupling ), different indicators for economic growth and environmental pressures (e.g. resource use, emissions, biodiversity loss ), only the domestic level or also impacts along the global value chain,

693-439: The entire economy or individual sectors (e.g. energy, agriculture), temporary vs. permanent decoupling, or decoupling to reach certain targets (e.g. limiting global warming to 1.5 °C or staying within planetary boundaries ). While the related concepts of green growth, green economy and low-carbon development have received increasing international attention in recent years, the debate on growing environmental degradation in

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726-429: The environment when generating electricity, there is waste and emission connected to material extraction, manufacturing, and construction. Overall, all renewable energy sources are a fundamental part of a nation's green growth strategy. Nuclear, wind, and solar energy can all be beneficial and used together to combat climate change and kickstart green growth. There are several limits to green growth. As described by

759-495: The environment, including climate change , are reduced – or while the natural environment continues to provide ecosystem services –, meaning that a decoupling takes place. On the subject of decoupling , a distinction is made between relative and absolute decoupling: Relative decoupling occurs when environmental pressure still grows, but less so than the gross domestic product (GDP) . With absolute decoupling, an absolute reduction in resource use or emissions occurs, while

792-494: The externalisation of environmental impact from high-consumption countries to low-consumption countries. A 2020 two-part systematic review published in Environmental Research Letters analyzed the full texts of 835 papers on the relationship between GDP, resource use (materials and energy) and greenhouse gas emissions. The first part found that "the vast majority of studies [...] approach the topic from

825-830: The face of economic growth dates back several decades. It was for example discussed in the 1972 report The Limits to Growth by the Club of Rome and reflected in the I = PAT -equation developed in the early 1970s. The consequent understanding of the need for a sustainable development was in the focus of the 1987 Brundtland Report as well as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) , or Earth Summit, in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. The Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), theorizing that environmental pressure from economic growth first increases, then automatically decreases due in part to tertiarization ,

858-499: The largest city is eligible to apply. Where applicable, cities may apply for either the EGCA or EGL, but not both, in any given year. Entries are assessed on the basis of 12 indicators: local contribution to global climate change , transport, green urban areas, noise, waste production and management, nature and biodiversity, air, water consumption, waste water treatment, eco-innovation and sustainable employment, environmental management of

891-692: The livelihoods and wellbeing of those in developing countries by protecting the environment and fostering economic growth. In 2012, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) drafted a report on Green Growth and developing countries as a summary for policy makers. This report outlines a policy framework that can be used by developing countries to achieve environmental and socio-economic goals. It also notes some concerns for Green Growth held by developing countries such as its ability to address poverty in practice and possible high cost barriers to green technologies. Energy sources that meet

924-607: The local authority, and energy performance. The title is awarded by an international jury supported by a panel of experts in various environmental fields. The idea of a European Green Capital was originally conceived at a meeting in May 2006 in Tallinn , Estonia . The award is the result of an initiative taken by 15 European cities ( Tallinn , Helsinki , Riga , Vilnius , Berlin , Warsaw , Madrid , Ljubljana , Prague , Vienna , Kiel , Kotka , Dartford , Tartu and Glasgow ) and

957-505: The member countries of the OECD . Developing countries tend to have economies which are more reliant on exploiting the environment’s natural resources. Green technologies and sustainable development are not as affordable or accessible to them. At the same time, they are less able to protect themselves from the adverse effects of climate change and environmental degradation. They can face adverse health effects of polluted air and water, for example. Therefore, Green Growth could help improve

990-476: The requirements of green growth must fit the criteria of the efficient use of natural resources , affordability, access, the prevention of environmental degradation, low health impacts, and high energy security. Renewable energy sources, including nuclear power, increase the power supply options for our current and future populations, and meet sustainable development requirements. While solar , wind , and nuclear energy have nearly no negative interactions with

1023-481: The resource use of economies is domestic material consumption (DMC). The European Union , for example, uses the DMC the measure its resource productivity . Based on this metric, it has been claimed that some developed countries have achieved relative or even absolute decoupling of material use from economic growth. The DMC, however, does not consider the shift of resource use which results from global supply chains, which

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1056-418: The service economy is based on the material economy, so it will add a footprint rather than replace it. - Limited recycling potential. - Insufficient and inappropriate technological change . Technological progress is not disruptive and does not target the factors of production that matters for ecological sustainability. - Cost shifting and decoupling phenomena have emerged, but they are characterised by

1089-657: The temperature increases will lead to shorter available work hours, particularly in agriculture. According to a 2020 report by the Green Alliance the job-creation schemes with the best value for money in the UK are: retrofitting buildings and creating cycle lanes; followed by electric ferries, battery factories and reforestation; and that these would create more jobs than proposed road-building schemes. They also say that new investment in nature recovery could quickly create 10,000 new jobs. One metric commonly used to measure

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