96-552: Kampong Lumut ( Malay : Kampung Lumut ) or commonly known as Lumut , is a coastal settlement in Belait District , Brunei Daurssalam , about 30 kilometres (19 miles) from the district town Kuala Belait . The total population was 11,273 in 2016. The name Kampong Lumut is derived from a species of plant called lumut ( moss ) that thrives all over the village, especially in Kuala Sungai (now Sungai Lumut), prior to
192-455: A sekolah ugama or school for the country's Islamic religious primary education . Another sekolah ugama in the area is Sungai Taring Primary School, located in a separate building adjacent to Sungai Tali Primary School. Lumut is also home to the following educational institutions: Zainab Mosque is the sole village mosque ; it was inaugurated by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah on 22 May 1998. It can accommodate 2,000 worshippers. The mosque
288-507: A broader national initiative that also includes the Brunei–Muara, Belait, and Temburong districts, contributing to a total of 9,666.69 hectares gazetted for agricultural development across the country. The Tutong District's Agricultural Development Areas (KKP) span 1,913.81 hectares in total, of which 305.45 hectares are set aside for stations and other purposes and 573.53 hectares are granted to farmers. Important regions are KKP Kupang, which
384-672: A descendant of the Proto-Austronesian language , began to break up by at least 2000 BCE, possibly as a result of the southward expansion of Austronesian peoples into Maritime Southeast Asia from the island of Taiwan . The history of the Malay language can be divided into five periods: Old Malay, the Transitional Period, the Classical Malay, Late Modern Malay and Modern Malay. Old Malay is believed to be
480-809: A few suggested possibilities. Tutong Market, a wet market managed by the Tutong Municipal Board, is located outside the municipal area in Serambangun. The oldest mosque in the district, Hassanal Bolkiah Mosque , serves the Muslim residents of Tutong as well as nearby villages like Panchor Dulit , Panchor Papan , and Serambangun . Notable landmarks include the Mercu Tanda Kenangan (The Keris Monument) and Warisan Emas, which commemorate Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's 58th and 60th birthdays, respectively. Additionally, Istana Pantai ,
576-527: A lingua franca derived from Classical Malay as well as Makassar Malay , which appears to be a mixed language . Malay historical linguists agree on the likelihood of the Malayic homeland being in western Borneo . A form known as Proto-Malayic was spoken in Borneo at least by 1000 BCE, it has been argued to be the ancestral language of all subsequent Malayic languages . Its ancestor, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian ,
672-417: A lot of attention in the effort to diversify the economy since it has a lot of room to develop. The Tutong District has set aside 3,804.15 hectares for agricultural development zones, which include Sungai Paku, Kupang , Maraburong, and several other localities. With 129.41 hectares of land set aside for rice production in 2009—a yield of 190.37 metric tons involving 425 farmers—Tutong is likewise acknowledged as
768-571: A major producer of paddy. Eight of the 24 sawmills that are now in operation in Brunei are located in Tutong. In 2022, the Tutong District was allocated a total of 1,913.81 hectares (4,729.1 acres) for agricultural development. Of this, 573.53 hectares were designated for farming by local farmers, while 305.45 hectares were utilized for stations and other purposes. This allocation is part of
864-546: A medical clinic in 1932 in Bukit Bendera area near the district town Pekan Tutong. Before the Tutong Bridge was built in 1959, Brunei Town (present day Bandar Seri Begawan ) and Brunei's southern districts could only be reached by ferrying between Danau and Kuala Tutong . In 1967, the government moved quickly to provide areas that the local populace needed and found convenient. A modern B$ 500,000 structure
960-555: A mid vowel [e, o] . Orthographic note : both /e/ and /ə/ are written with ⟨e⟩ . Orthographic /e, o/ are relatively rare, so the letter ⟨e⟩ usually represents /ə/ . There are some homographs; for example, perang is used for both /pəraŋ/ "war" and /peraŋ ~ piraŋ/ "blond". (In Indonesia, "blond" may be written perang or pirang .) Some analyses regard /ai, au, oi/ as diphthongs. However, [ai] and [au] can only occur in open syllables, such as cukai ("tax") and pulau ("island"). Words with
1056-412: A palace built by Omar Ali Saifuddien III in the 1950s, stands as a historical site in the district. Pantai Seri Kenangan, a well-liked beach with picnic areas, fishing locations, and facilities like playgrounds and eateries, is one of Tutong's array of attractions. Another great beach for picnics and shell collection is Pantai Persiaran Pengkalan Pinang Penanjong. Sungai Basong Recreational Park, which
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#17327752604451152-434: A phonetic diphthong in a closed syllable, such as baik ("good") and laut ("sea"), are actually two syllables. An alternative analysis therefore treats the phonetic diphthongs [ai] , [au] and [oi] as a sequence of a monophthong plus an approximant: /aj/ , /aw/ and /oj/ respectively. There is a rule of vowel harmony : the non-open vowels /i, e, u, o/ in bisyllabic words must agree in height, so hidung ("nose")
1248-639: A prayer. The chairman is in charge of the meeting, and every motion needs to be submitted in writing and seconded before it can be discussed. These bylaws guarantee the Municipal Board's organised and orderly governance. The district is administered by the Tutong District Office ( Jabatan Daerah Tutong ), a government department under the Ministry of Home Affairs . The district is subdivided into 8 mukims , namely: According to
1344-443: A rapid rise in population by nearly 15,000 in that same year. The procedures for the board's business conduct are outlined in the Tutong Municipal Board (Standing Orders) By-Laws, 2014. Meeting procedures, such as notification requirements, quorum requirements, and the responsibilities of the chairman and secretary, are outlined in the bylaws. Members must adhere to certain voting and speaking procedures, and meetings must begin with
1440-431: A root word ( affixation ), formation of a compound word (composition), or repetition of words or portions of words ( reduplication ). Nouns and verbs may be basic roots, but frequently they are derived from other words by means of prefixes , suffixes and circumfixes . Malay does not make use of grammatical gender , and there are only a few words that use natural gender; the same word is used for 'he' and 'she' which
1536-684: A space close to Kampong Sungai Liang Mosque, a space outside the entrance to the Lumut National Housing Plan (RPN) along the Telisai–Lumut Highway , and a space inside the School of Science and Engineering campus for the other Kampong Lumut residents. In order for passengers to board the intra-district buses traveling to the bus terminals in Seria and Kuala Belait, feeder buses will drop them off at designated locations near
1632-429: A stop, signaling the end of an era. The Tutong Bridge was opened in 1959, this allowed continuous vehicle movement from Bandar Seri Begawan through Tutong was made feasible by the bridge over the river. The district's primary industries include forestry, fishing, and the production of rice and rubber, with shifting agriculture being practiced by the non-Malay indigenous population. The agriculture sector has received
1728-582: A success. Traditional sweets like bahulu and sapit are among the goods created by the residents through the Majlis Perundingan Kampung (MPK). These folks frequently take part in exhibitions organised in this nation, and several wooden souvenirs are also displayed at international exhibitions abroad. The Brunei LNG plant, a 130-hectare (320-acre) liquified natural gas (LNG) plant, with annual production capacity of 6.7 million tonnes. The intended 20-year supply promise for
1824-402: Is dia or for 'his' and 'her' which is dia punya . There is no grammatical plural in Malay either; thus orang may mean either 'person' or 'people'. Verbs are not inflected for person or number, and they are not marked for tense; tense is instead denoted by time adverbs (such as 'yesterday') or by other tense indicators, such as sudah 'already' and belum 'not yet'. On the other hand, there
1920-456: Is a complex system of verb affixes to render nuances of meaning and to denote voice or intentional and accidental moods . Malay does not have a grammatical subject in the sense that English does. In intransitive clauses, the noun comes before the verb. When there is both an agent and an object , these are separated by the verb (OVA or AVO), with the difference encoded in the voice of the verb. OVA, commonly but inaccurately called "passive",
2016-400: Is a two-minute drive. It is also home to Liang Lumut Recreation Club (LLRC), which has a multipurpose hall and a small waterpark . The space of Aneka Gerai Jetty Lumut was changed to include a small shelter to house the booths handled by neighbourhood business owners and their enterprises, providing a comfortable and handy venue to support the activities. The Welfare and Community Bureau of
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#17327752604452112-430: Is allowed but * hedung is not. Pronunciation Pronunciation Pronunciation Study by Uri Tadmor which was published in 2003 shows that mutation of ⟨a⟩ in final open syllable is an areal feature. Specifically, it is an areal feature of Western Austronesia. Uri Tadmor classify those types into four groups as below. Malay is an agglutinative language , and new words are formed by three methods: attaching affixes onto
2208-533: Is an official language of Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , and Singapore . It is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand . Altogether, it is spoken by 290 million people (around 260 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named " Indonesian ") across Maritime Southeast Asia . The language is pluricentric and a macrolanguage , i.e., several varieties of it are standardized as
2304-523: Is close to Tutong Town, has a variety of amenities, ethnic tiny homes, and beautiful paths. Unique tree species are on display at Tumpuan Telisai Recreational Park, which also provides a range of recreational opportunities. For scientific purposes, Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park, an ASEAN National Heritage Site since 1984, protects its fauna and plants. The district boasts several points of interest, including Pantai Pengasing in Kampong Sengkarai ,
2400-734: Is constructed from a 430 metres (1,410 feet) new side berth and a 4.5 kilometres (2.8 miles) jetty that extends from the LNG facility. The Lumut Camp ( Perkhemahan Lumut ) is the sole military base in the district, home to the Royal Brunei Land Force (RBLF) Third Battalion (3Bn) since 21 June 2007. Residents of Mukim Labi 's inner parts also receive water supplies from the Sungai Liang water treatment facility in Kampong Agis-Agis. The Lumut Lighthouse sits at
2496-406: Is designated the bahasa persatuan/pemersatu ("unifying language" or lingua franca ) whereas the term "Malay" ( bahasa Melayu ) is domestically restricted to vernacular varieties of Malay indigenous to areas of Central to Southern Sumatra and West Kalimantan . Classical Malay , also called Court Malay, was the literary standard of the pre-colonial Malacca and Johor Sultanates and so
2592-989: Is devoted to fruits, vegetables, and integrated crops, and KKP Batang Mitus Buah and Halaman, which concentrate on fruits and other miscellaneous crops. Other noteworthy regions include KKP Sinaut for integrated crops and floriculture, and KKP Maraburong for fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, a number of stations are set aside for certain agricultural uses, such processing, chicken, and hatcheries. In Tutong District, livestock production in 2022 included 77 kilograms of deer and various non-ruminant livestock such as 17,164 kilograms of village fowls, 119 kilograms of Muscovy ducks, 80 kilograms of ducks, and 858 kilograms of quail. Egg production comprised 598 kilograms of village fowl eggs, 0 kilograms of goose eggs, 34 kilograms of Muscovy duck eggs, 287 kilograms of duck eggs, and 284 kilograms of quail eggs. The total livestock and egg production in Tutong amounted to 19,499 kilograms. The majority of Tutong's fishermen work part-time jobs and mostly fish
2688-482: Is divided into Bornean and Sumatran Malay; some of the most widely spoken Sumatran Malay dialects are Riau Malay , Langkat , Palembang Malay and Jambi Malay . Minangkabau , Kerinci and Bengkulu are believed to be Sumatran Malay descendants. Meanwhile, the Jakarta dialect (known as Betawi ) also belongs to the western Malay group. The eastern varieties, classified either as dialects or creoles , are spoken in
2784-416: Is isolated from Brunei proper, Tutong is in a more beneficial position due to its extremely strategic placement between the Brunei–Muara and Belait districts. This is due to the fact that, despite having less economic potential than Temburong, the Tutong District benefits from a better location in terms of development, as all major roads and highways pass through it and connect the state's administrative center,
2880-549: Is located on the northern bank of the Tutong River approximately 8 miles upstream, has few shipping options. The settlement has a 20-foot wooden pier that is mostly used by government patrol boats and indigenous vessels. Kuala Tutong on the north bank is connected to Danau on the south bank by a government-run car ferry service. The M.A. "Pemancha," a bigger all-steel vessel that was introduced in May, has boosted traffic and enhanced
2976-623: Is not a tonal language . The consonants of Malaysian and also Indonesian are shown below. Non-native consonants that only occur in borrowed words, principally from Arabic, Dutch and English, are shown in brackets. Orthographic note : The sounds are represented orthographically by their symbols as above, except: Loans from Arabic : Malay originally had four vowels, but in many dialects today, including Standard Malay, it has six, with /i/ split into /i, e/ and /u/ split into /u, o/ . Many words are commonly pronounced variably, with either [i, u] or [e, o] , and relatively few words require
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3072-516: Is not readily intelligible with the standard language , and the same is true with some lects on the Malay Peninsula such as Kedah Malay . However, both Brunei and Kedah are quite close. Malay is now written using the Latin script , known as Rumi in Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore or Latin in Indonesia, although an Arabic script called Arab Melayu or Jawi also exists. Latin script
3168-651: Is official in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Malay uses Hindu-Arabic numerals . Rumi (Latin) and Jawi are co-official in Brunei only. Names of institutions and organisations have to use Jawi and Rumi (Latin) scripts. Jawi is used fully in schools, especially the religious school, sekolah agama , which is compulsory during the afternoon for Muslim students aged from around 6–7 up to 12–14. Efforts are currently being undertaken to preserve Jawi in Malaysia, and students taking Malay language examinations in Malaysia have
3264-521: Is similar to Kelantanese Malay, but the language has no official status or recognition. Owing to earlier contact with the Philippines , Malay words—such as dalam hati (sympathy), luwalhati (glory), tengah hari (midday), sedap (delicious)—have evolved and been integrated into Tagalog and other Philippine languages . By contrast, Indonesian has successfully become the lingua franca for its disparate islands and ethnic groups, in part because
3360-624: Is the basic and most common word order. The Malay language has many words borrowed from Arabic (in particular religious terms), Sanskrit , Tamil , certain Sinitic languages , Persian (due to historical status of Malay Archipelago as a trading hub), and more recently, Portuguese , Dutch and English (in particular many scientific and technological terms). There is a group of closely related languages spoken by Malays and related peoples across Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , Singapore , Southern Thailand , Kampung Alor in East Timor , and
3456-525: Is the lack of possessive pronouns (and suffixes) in eastern dialects. Manado uses the verb pe and Ambon pu (from Malay punya 'to have') to mark possession. So 'my name' and 'our house" are translated in western Malay as namaku and rumah kita but kita pe nama and torang pe rumah in Manado and beta pu nama , katong pu rumah in Ambon dialect. The pronunciation may vary in western dialects, especially
3552-412: Is the primary healthcare institution since late 1972. It provides a wide range of services, including as emergency services, outpatient treatment, and specialty clinics. In addition, the district has four health centers, many mobile clinics, and a flying-doctor service for rural communities. The district's healthcare services will be enhanced by new projects, one of which is a dialysis facility, as part of
3648-490: Is the third largest and populated district in Brunei . It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi) and the population of 47,210 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Tutong Town ( Pekan Tutong ), as well as the Tutong River and Tasek Merimbun , the country's second longest river and the only ASEAN Heritage Parks in Brunei respectively. The district borders
3744-619: The Brunei History Centre (PSB) indicates that Islam may have reached Tutong much earlier. In a Muslim cemetery in Sugan, Bukit Bendera , a gravestone with the date Hijrah 969 (1561 AD ) was discovered. It was written in Jawi Kufi script . This finding suggests that Islam could have been practiced in Tutong as early as 1561, which is about 400 years ago—much earlier than previously thought. The gravestone may have been made by
3840-624: The Cham alphabet are used by the Chams of Vietnam and Cambodia . Old Malay was written using Pallava and Kawi script, as evident from several inscription stones in the Malay region. Starting from the era of kingdom of Pasai and throughout the golden age of the Malacca Sultanate, Jawi gradually replaced these scripts as the most commonly used script in the Malay region. Starting from the 17th century, under Dutch and British influence, Jawi
3936-533: The Constitution , the district is to be represented in the Legislative Council , the state legislature, by up to 7 members. As of 2023, two members have been appointed to represent the district in the legislature. The main ethnic groups in the district consist of Tutong , Dusun , Kedayan , Iban and Chinese . Since much of Tutong's interior is still covered in dense forest, where some of
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4032-747: The Ministry of Religious Affairs , is dedicated to Arabic-medium Islamic education and offers levels leading to the Sijil Pelajaran Ugama Brunei (Bruneian Certificate of Religious Education). In order to build UNISSA Sinaut Campus, the organisation obtained the Sinaut Agricultural Training Centre. The water sector's RKN 2007–2012 has a strong emphasis on growing water resources, making sure they are available during dry seasons, boosting water treatment capacity to meet demand plus 20%, and lowering unaccounted water while raising quality standards. This
4128-743: The South China Sea to the north, Brunei–Muara District to the northeast, Sarawak to the east and south, and Belait District to the west. Covering 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi), it is the third-largest district in Brunei. The 137 kilometre Tutong River, the district's primary river, flows from the interior in the south to the South China Sea. Bukit Bedawan, the district's highest point, stands at 529 meters. The district also hosts Tasek Merimbun, Brunei's largest natural lake, designated as an ASEAN Heritage Park since 29 November 1984. Compared to Temburong District , which
4224-667: The Belait District, with Brunei's economic centre, the Brunei–Muara District. Tutong was formerly a part of the Melanau administration in the 14th century before joining the Bruneian Empire in the 15th . Early in 1901, Dato Di Gadong organised an uprising in Tutong, purportedly with the backing of Rajah of Sarawak , Sir Charles Brooke , who wanted to use Brunei's instability as a pretext for annexing
4320-647: The Landless Indigenous Citizens' Housing Scheme (STKRJ) to address housing needs. In Tutong District, similar housing initiatives were implemented, including the National Housing Scheme (RPN) Bukit Beruang , STRKJ Kampong Lugu , and STKRJ Kampong Telisai . In the Tutong District, government schools are primarily managed by the Ministry of Education and include 23 kindergartens and primary schools, 5 secondary schools, and one sixth form college, all part of Cluster 5 of
4416-492: The Lumut River's reduction in water levels, since they have to push their boats through crocodile -infested waters on foot. Despite the abundance of fish that has been available to Belait fisherman recently, dry weather has resulted in lower than typical river tides. Malay language Malay ( / m ə ˈ l eɪ / mə- LAY ; Malay: Bahasa Melayu , Jawi : بهاس ملايو ) is an Austronesian language that
4512-404: The Malay world of Southeast Asia, and was one of the oldest testimonies to the advent of Islam as a state religion in the region. It contains the proclamation issued by a ruler of Terengganu known as Seri Paduka Tuan, urging his subjects to extend and uphold Islam and providing 10 basic Sharia laws for their guidance. The classical Malay language came into widespread use as the lingua franca of
4608-1057: The Malayic languages spoken by the Orang Asli ( Proto-Malay ) in Malaya . They are Jakun , Orang Kanaq , Orang Seletar , and Temuan . The other Malayic languages, included in neither of these groups, are associated with the expansion of the Malays across the archipelago. They include Riau-Johor Malay ( Malaysian and Indonesian ), Kedah Malay , Kedayan/Brunei Malay , Berau Malay , Bangka Malay , Jambi Malay , Kutai Malay , Natuna Malay, Riau Malay , Loncong , Pattani Malay , and Banjarese . Menterap may belong here. There are also several Malay-based creole languages , such as Betawi , Cocos Malay , Makassar Malay , Ambonese Malay , Dili Malay , Kupang Malay , Manado Malay , Papuan Malay , Pattani Malay , Satun Malay , Songkhla Malay , Bangkok Malay , and Sabah Malay , which may be more or less distinct from standard (Malaccan) Malay. Due to
4704-567: The Ministry's school administrative district. Notable secondary schools are Muda Hashim , Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha , Sayyidina 'Othman , Sufri Bolkiah , and Tanjong Maya , offering education leading to Brunei- Cambridge GCE O Levels . The district's sole sixth form institution is the Tutong Sixth Form Centre , which provides education leading to GCE A Levels . Additionally, Ma'had Islam Brunei, administered by
4800-646: The RKN 2007–2012. The Tutong District hosts the National Isolation Centre, a key facility for isolating and treating communicable diseases, including COVID-19 , with an initial capacity of 136 beds and a 2020 extension adding 160 more beds, funded at a total cost of B$ 19.47 million. The National Housing Programme , initiated in the 1950s, introduced various schemes such as the Infill Scheme (IS), Temporary Occupation-of-Land License (TOL), and
4896-596: The RPN Lumut, Kampong Lumut, and Mukim Liang. Gerai Aneka Jetty Lumut is close to the mouth of Lumut River, which gave rise to a variety of activities, and is located immediately off the old Jalan Kampong Lumut road leading to the Tutong and Brunei-Muara districts. Providing a location to support the activities, the area underwent a transformation with a small shelter to house the booths tended by local entrepreneurs and their businesses. The Brunei LNG terminal at Lumut
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#17327752604454992-834: The Tutong Estuary and the northwest region of Tutong. They use a range of inshore fishing gear, including as pots or traps, tidal weirs, ring nets, trammel nets, gill nets with greater mesh sizes, several kinds of seines, and corral nets. Hand lines, cast nets, lift nets, drift gill nets, and intertidal funnel barrier nets are among the other equipment employed. These are essential fishing instruments in Tutong's estuary habitat. Golden Corporation has its organic blue shrimp production and product range by acquiring 200 hectares (490 acres) of land in Kampong Penyatang. The Pengiran Muda Mahkota Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah Hospital , which has 138 beds and medical equipment,
5088-889: The Tutong Riverfront in Pekan Tutong, and Gerai Selera Tutong. Visitors can explore natural sites like Bukit Ambok in Kampong Suran, Pulau Tanjong Maya, and the scenic Wasai Bedanu in Kampong Kiudang . Other attractions include Bukit Kukub in Kampong Bukit Udal , Rumah Warisan in Kampong Kupang, and Pantai Danau. The area also features various local markets such as Tamu Kampung Long Mayan and Gerai Mukim Telisai, as well as cultural spots like Kampong Kebubok Long House. Alai Gayoh Anak Pulau
5184-613: The Village Consultative Council (MPK) of Kampong Lumut II came up with the idea for this specific shelter, with the intention of offering a focal point for activities, and exhibiting the surrounding area. Like other villages around the nation, Kampong Lumut is actively working to improve the quality of its local goods, by heeding and supporting the Ministry of Home Affairs ' appeal to make the One Village One Product Programme (1K1P)
5280-681: The actual ancestor of Classical Malay. Old Malay was influenced by Sanskrit, the classical language of India . Sanskrit loan words can be found in Old Malay vocabulary. The earliest known stone inscription in the Old Malay language was found in Sumatra , Indonesia, written in the Pallava variety of the Grantha alphabet and is dated 1 May 683. Known as the Kedukan Bukit inscription , it
5376-540: The area. Brooke's proposal was thwarted when the British authorities cautioned him not to intervene. While most rebels received amnesty from the Bruneian authorities, Dato Di Gadong and Dato Kalam of Limau Manis were left out and fled to Limbang , where they were found guilty of stealing carabao . When Dato Di Gadong returned to Tutong illegally in 1902, Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ordered his death. Dato Di Gadong
5472-457: The characteristics of the evidence suggests that the site was for burial rather than residential purpose. In the 1980s, the number of people began to increase with the migration of people who had retired from government and private services, and chose to build houses and then reside in Lumut. At the same time, public facilities began to be built and improved such as roads, schools, post offices for
5568-522: The coast of Kampong Sungai Kayu Ara, facing the beach. In the district, the summit of Lumut Hill ( Bukit Lumut ) is used as the observation point for the month of Ramadan . The village also has its own post office . The area encompasses RPN Lumut, a public housing estate . At a presentation ceremony held at the multi-purpose hall of the Liang Lumut Recreational Club, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah presented over 180 residents of
5664-555: The colonial language, Dutch, is no longer commonly spoken. (In East Timor , which was governed as a province of Indonesia from 1976 to 1999, Indonesian is widely spoken and recognized under its Constitution as a 'working language'.) Besides Indonesian , which developed from the Riau Malay dialect, there are many Malay varieties spoken in Indonesia; they are divided into western and eastern groups. Western Malay dialects are predominantly spoken in Sumatra and Borneo , which itself
5760-509: The constituent census villages, are among the village subdivisions under Mukim Liang . As of 2018, there are 3,521 Bruneian Malays , 593 Chinese , 339 Ibans , and other races represented among Kampong Lumut I's inhabitants. Kampung Lumut II has a total population of 5,112 consisting of 2,315 males and 2,797 females. Some religious beliefs and customs are followed by residents in the village such as Islam , Christianity , Buddhism , and those who are not religious , and most of them work with
5856-687: The constitution as one of two working languages (the other being English ), alongside the official languages of Tetum and Portuguese . The extent to which Malay is used in these countries varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia , and became the sole official language in Peninsular Malaysia in 1968 and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in
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#17327752604455952-401: The construction of small roads along Kampong Batang Mitus , Kampong Kebia , and Penapar Bridge to Lubok Pulau , and the third phase of replacing the current wooden bridges. The Muara–Tutong Highway is the main route running across Tutong, which connects to the Brunei–Muara and Belait districts. Due to a shallow, sandbar that shifts periodically near the river mouth , Tutong Town, which
6048-767: The construction of the Brunei LNG (BLNG) plant, according to sources obtained from the Heritage Magazine, which the Brunei History Centre published in September–December 2014 (the location in question is now the location of the BLNG Company building). Moss, also known as a bryophyte , is a kind of tiny, soft plant that grows in wet or shaded regions, and can range in size from one to ten centimetres. At that time, villagers made kapok from moss plants to use as pillows and beds . The residents gave
6144-463: The convenience and well-being of the population. For sub-division purposes, the area is divided into two villages , namely Kampong Lumut I ('one') and Kampong Lumut II ('two'), where each is overseen by a village head ( ketua kampung ). The village head of Kampong Lumut I oversees the following census villages: Meanwhile, the village head of Kampong Lumut II oversees the following census villages: Kampong Lumut I and Kampong Lumut II, including
6240-400: The court moved to establish the Johor Sultanate, it continued using the classical language; it has become so associated with Dutch Riau and British Johor that it is often assumed that the Malay of Riau is close to the classical language. However, there is no closer connection between Malaccan Malay as used on Riau and the Riau vernacular. Among the oldest surviving letters written in Malay are
6336-526: The district with land grants under the Temporary Occupation Licence (TOL) Scheme for Belait District, and house keys under the Kampong Lumut / Liang National Housing Scheme during Hari Raya in 2010. The Kampong Lumut / Sungai Liang National Housing Scheme's Phases One and Two saw the construction of 294 homes, and the distribution of 164 land lots to qualified residents. The local primary schools include Lumut Primary School and Sungai Tali Primary School. Lumut Primary School also houses Lumut Religious School,
6432-430: The early settlement of a Cape Malay community in Cape Town , who are now known as Coloureds , numerous Classical Malay words were brought into Afrikaans . The extent to which Malay and related Malayan languages are used in the countries where it is spoken varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia , and became
6528-474: The eastern part of the Malay or Nusantara archipelago and include Makassar Malay , Manado Malay , Ambonese Malay , North Moluccan Malay , Kupang Malay , Dili Malay , and Papuan Malay . The differences among both groups are quite observable. For example, the word kita means 'we, us' in western, but means 'I, me' in Manado, whereas 'we, us" in Manado is torang and Ambon katong (originally abbreviated from Malay kita orang 'we people'). Another difference
6624-555: The efficiency of this ferry service, which is essential for connecting the two sides of the state. In addition, Tutong issued licenses to eighteen fishing vessels in 1957. Tenders have been called for the design and construction of two large bridge sites, one over the Tutong River near Tutong and another over the Telamba River near Telisai, which will replace the Kuala Tutong Ferry service. A 12 miles (19 km) route has been surveyed and found favorable for road construction earlier in 1953. On 25 December 1958, Tutong–Danau ferries came to
6720-590: The far southern parts of the Philippines . They have traditionally been classified as Malay, Para-Malay, and Aboriginal Malay, but this reflects geography and ethnicity rather than a proper linguistic classification. The Malayic languages are mutually intelligible to varying extents, though the distinction between language and dialect is unclear in many cases. Para-Malay includes the Malayic languages of Sumatra . They are: Minangkabau , Central Malay (Bengkulu), Pekal , Talang Mamak , Musi (Palembang), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia), and Duano’ . Aboriginal Malay are
6816-435: The government and private sector and some are self-employed such as business , farming , and fishing . The village is connected via Jalan Kampong Lumut and Telisai–Lumut Highway . The three locations for Belait's feeder hub stations have been determined by the Land Transport Department (LTD), allowing residents who live distant from Seria and Kuala Belait to be more linked between the two towns. The three locations are
6912-521: The highlands of Sumatra , Indonesia . Terengganu Inscription Stone (Malay: Batu Bersurat Terengganu ; Jawi: باتو برسورت ترڠݢانو) is a granite stele carrying inscription in Jawi script that was found in Terengganu, Malaysia is the earliest evidence of classical Malay inscription. The inscription, dated possibly to 702 AH (corresponds to 1303 CE), constituted the earliest evidence of Jawi writing in
7008-518: The indigenous populace. Islam was present in Tutong at least by the early 16th century , maybe under the rule of Sultan Saiful Rijal , according to oral tradition and gravestone evidence. Additional road infrastructure improvement projects, including those in Tutong District, will be implemented through the National Development Plan (RKN) 2007–2012. These projects include the first phase of widening Jalan Lamunin ( earthworks ),
7104-560: The language is sometimes called Malacca, Johor or Riau Malay (or various combinations of those names) to distinguish it from the various other Malayic languages . According to Ethnologue 16, several of the Malayic varieties they currently list as separate languages, including the Orang Asli varieties of Peninsular Malay , are so closely related to standard Malay that they may prove to be dialects. There are also several Malay trade and creole languages (e.g. Ambonese Malay ) based on
7200-763: The languages' words for kinship, health, body parts and common animals. Numbers, especially, show remarkable similarities. Within Austronesian, Malay is part of a cluster of numerous closely related forms of speech known as the Malayic languages , which were spread across Malaya and the Indonesian archipelago by Malay traders from Sumatra. There is disagreement as to which varieties of speech popularly called "Malay" should be considered dialects of this language, and which should be classified as distinct Malay languages. The vernacular of Brunei— Brunei Malay —for example,
7296-460: The letters from Sultan Abu Hayat of Ternate , Maluku Islands in present-day Indonesia , dated around 1521–1522. The text is addressed to the king of Portugal , following contact with Portuguese explorer Francisco Serrão . The letters show sign of non-native usage; the Ternateans used (and still use) the unrelated Ternate language , a West Papuan language , as their first language . Malay
7392-483: The national language ( bahasa kebangsaan or bahasa nasional ) of several nation states with various official names: in Malaysia, it is designated as either Bahasa Malaysia (" Malaysian ") or also Bahasa Melayu ("Malay language"); in Singapore and Brunei, it is called Bahasa Melayu ("Malay language"); in Indonesia, an autonomous normative variety called Bahasa Indonesia (" Indonesian language ")
7488-594: The non-Malay indigenous people live, the majority of the population resides along the shore. In 2020, the district's population was estimated to have increased to 51,500. With slower expansion in inland areas like Belait, Tutong, and Temburong, Islam eventually spread across the country. About 200 years before to 1988, an individual by the name of ( Pehin ) Julak brought Islam to Tutong. Approximately 300 years ago, c. 1700 , adherents of Sultan Husin Kamaluddin dispersed Islam over Temburong. Evidence found by
7584-431: The option of answering questions using Jawi. The Latin script, however, is the most commonly used in Brunei and Malaysia, both for official and informal purposes. Historically, Malay has been written using various scripts. Before the introduction of Arabic script in the Malay region, Malay was written using the Pallava , Kawi and Rencong scripts; these scripts are no longer frequently used, but similar scripts such as
7680-473: The project was met by the 130-hectare complex. There has been a complete plant rejuvenation that has cost more than B$ 500 million over the course of the final five years of this arrangement. All of the plant's principal components, including the five liquefaction trains and their related buildings, were renovated as part of the revitalisation. Additionally, two new storage tanks and a new loading jetty were built. Fishermen from Liang are concerned about
7776-741: The pronunciation of words ending in the vowel 'a'. For example, in some parts of Malaysia and in Singapore, kita (inclusive 'we, us, our') is pronounced as /kitə/ , in Kelantan and Southern Thailand as /kitɔ/ , in Riau as /kita/ , in Palembang as /kito/ , in Betawi and Perak as /kitɛ/ and in Kedah and Perlis as /kitɑ/. Tutong District Tutong District ( Malay : Daerah Tutong ; Jawi : دائيره توتوڠ) or simply known as Tutong ( tu-tong ),
7872-541: The region during the Malacca Sultanate era (1402–1511). It was the period the Malay language developed rapidly under the influence of Islamic literature. The development changed the nature of the language with massive infusion of Arabic , Sanskrit , and Tamil vocabularies, called Classical Malay . Under the Sultanate of Malacca the language evolved into a form recognisable to speakers of modern Malay. When
7968-477: The same artist because of its similar design to others in Bandar Seri Begawan, including Sultan Bolkiah 's tombstone at Kota Batu . Given its closeness to Brunei (present day Brunei–Muara), Tutong may have adopted Islam sooner than Belait and Temburong. Between Brunei and Belait, it functioned as a port of call for tourists and traders, giving Muslim businesspeople the chance to spread Islam among
8064-590: The sole official language in West Malaysia in 1968, and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. English continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in the superior courts. Other minority languages are also commonly used by the country's large ethnic minorities. The situation in Brunei is similar to that of Malaysia. In Singapore, Malay was historically the lingua franca among people of different nationalities. Although this has largely given way to English, Malay still retains
8160-435: The status of national language and the national anthem , Majulah Singapura , is entirely in Malay. In addition, parade commands in the military, police and civil defence are given only in Malay. Most residents of the five southernmost provinces of Thailand —a region that, for the most part, used to be part of an ancient Malay kingdom called Pattani —speak a dialect of Malay called Yawi (not to be confused with Jawi), which
8256-608: The superior courts. Other minority languages are also commonly used by the country's large ethnic minorities. The situation in Brunei is similar to that in Malaysia. In the Philippines , Indonesian is spoken by the overseas Indonesian community concentrated in Davao City . Functional phrases are taught to members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines as well as local students. Malay, like most Austronesian languages,
8352-470: The village the appellation Kampong Lumut as this plant grabbed not only the interest of the villagers, but also those from beyond the region. Archaeological evidence found in Lumut suggests that human activity had existed in the area as early as the 14th century ; Chinese and Siamese potteries dateable to the time corresponding to the Ming dynasty had been unearthed in the vicinity of the Lumut River. However,
8448-602: The wide Tutong River with its far bank covered in palm trees is on the other. There are a few eateries in Tutong, including the Chinese Ho Yuen at number 12 and the Haji K-K-Koya at Jalan Enche Awang 14. Travelers may have a more secure base of operations and an easier time seeing the area by staying in Tutong's hotels and homestays . The most traditional option for lodging is a hotel. In the Tutong area, The Lanes Hotel, Telamba Homestay, and Eco Ponies Garden are
8544-618: Was accomplished by building two dams in Belait River , Ulu Tutong and Benutan , with a combined storage capacity of 89,000,000 cubic metres (3.1 × 10 cu ft). In addition, the 140-acre Bukit Panggal Power Station was constructed at a cost of more than B$ 161 million to accommodate the rising demand for energy. Future upgrades include the construction of a second phase combined cycle power station in Tutong District. Shophouses in Tutong Town may be found on one side, while
8640-419: Was also constructed in lieu of the government building. A community centre, playground, police and fire stations, a carpentry school, an English primary school, a telecom facility, and guest residences for the village chief and district officer are among the other structures that were constructed. In addition, wells, bridges, and paved roads have been constructed to raise the level of living. The district have seen
8736-522: Was also suspected of many killings. Prior to the introduction of the British Residency in Brunei in 1906, Tutong was a kuripan (belonging to state officials), a type of land ownership in Brunei's traditional government. It was the non-hereditary land of Pengiran Di-Gadong , one of the four traditional Wazirs to the Sultan . Healthcare in the district began with the establishment of
8832-478: Was constructed by a private individual, and then assigned to the religious department for upkeep. Rumour has it that the builder of this mosque was a wealthy man from Seria who had lost his daughter while she was studying in the United Kingdom . The area is home to Lumut Beach, a public beach recreational area. The area has restrooms, a playground, and barbecue pits. From Liang Lumut Recreation Centre, it
8928-635: Was discovered by the Dutchman M. Batenburg on 29 November 1920 at Kedukan Bukit, South Sumatra , on the banks of the Tatang, a tributary of the Musi River . It is a small stone of 45 by 80 centimetres (18 by 31 in). For centuries, Srivijaya , through its expansion, economic power and military prowess, was responsible for the widespread of Old Malay throughout the Malay Archipelago . It
9024-456: Was gradually replaced by the Rumi script. Malay is spoken in Brunei , Indonesia , Malaysia , East Timor , Singapore and southern Thailand . Indonesia regulates its own normative variety of Malay, while Malaysia and Singapore use a common standard. Brunei, in addition to Standard Malay, uses a distinct vernacular dialect called Brunei Malay . In East Timor , Indonesian is recognised by
9120-621: Was the working language of traders and it was used in various ports, and marketplaces in the region. Other evidence is the Tanjung Tanah Law in post-Pallava letters. This 14th-century pre-Islamic legal text was produced in the Adityawarman era (1345–1377) of Dharmasraya , a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that arose after the end of Srivijayan rule in Sumatra . The laws were for the Minangkabau people , who today still live in
9216-928: Was used solely as a lingua franca for inter-ethnic communications. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean , with a smaller number in continental Asia . Malagasy , a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean , is also a member of this language family. Although these languages are not necessarily mutually intelligible to any extent, their similarities are often quite apparent. In more conservative languages like Malay, many roots have come with relatively little change from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian language . There are many cognates found in
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