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39-424: Politically the duke was quite unimportant and with this school he wanted to enhance his prestige. In 1770, it was moved to Castle Solitude , and in 1775 into the city. Raised in 1781 by Emperor Joseph II to university status under the name Karls Hohe Schule , it was disbanded after the death of Duke Carl Eugen by his brother Ludwig Eugen, Duke of Württemberg in 1794. The building, situated behind Neues Schloss ,

78-470: A loggia , a vestibule , two cabinets, and a bedroom. Adjacent to the palatial building are two semicircular buildings. The Western Wing contained amenities, while the Eastern was the actual royal apartment. The Duke resided on the ground floor, and his mistress on the second floor with the ducal chapel. An additional ten houses were built on either end of the wings. Since 1990, these buildings have housed

117-410: A Baden-Württemberg building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Castle Solitude Solitude Palace (German: Schloss Solitude ) is a Rococo schloss and hunting retreat commissioned by Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg . It was designed by Johann Friedrich Weyhing  [ de ] and Philippe de La Guêpière , and constructed from 1764 to 1769. It

156-556: A million florins . Construction was directed by La Guêpière and Johann Friedrich Weyhing  [ de ] . From 1764 and 1768, Charles Eugene constructed the Solitude Avenue  [ de ] , a 13-kilometre (8.1 mi) long road from Solitude Palace to Ludwigsburg and its palace . Use of the Avenue was reserved for the royal household. In 1820, the Avenue became the standard reference for measuring distance in

195-617: A minor can emancipate at 16 in the US (or younger depending on the state) but must still wait until 18 to vote or buy a firearm, and 21 to buy alcohol or tobacco. The age 18 is identified as the age of adulthood in the Jewish Talmud relative to having sound judgement to make monetary decisions as a judge. Here, the Talmud says that every judgment Josiah , the sixteenth king of Judah ( c.  640 –609 BCE), issued from his coronation until

234-460: A new palace that received the name "Solitude". Friedrich Christoph Hemmerling was named head gardener and charged with its design and creation. Priority during construction went towards the two wings next to the palatial building until they were completed in 1766. It was from these that the Duke closely monitored construction. La Guêpière departed from Württemberg for his native Paris in 1768. He

273-564: A variety of ages. In Medieval England , the age of majority was 15 but later raised to 21. Since 2015, some countries have lowered the voting age to 16. Some countries, like England and Wales , are even considering lowering the age of majority to 16, similar to how it already is in Cuba and Scotland . The main argument for lowering is that, on average, young people are much more educated (both because of better individual educational outcomes and being raised by more educated parents) than in

312-470: Is gradually becoming an adult, not necessarily stating that one is legally allowed to partake in any or all activities specified for adults. Many ages of license are correlated to the age of majority to recognize the transition to legal adulthood, but they are nonetheless legally distinct concepts. One need not have attained the age of majority to have permission to exercise certain rights and responsibilities. Some ages of license may be higher, lower, or match

351-538: Is located on an elongated ridge between the towns of Leonberg , Gerlingen and Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg. Charles Eugene von Württemberg succeeded his father Charles Alexander as Duke of Württemberg in 1737, when he was only nine. The Duchy of Württemberg was ruled by a regency council until 1744, when Charles Eugene reached the age of majority at 16. His reign would be marked by economic difficulty, political strife, and extravagance. By

390-432: Is made up by a primary palatial structure, two outbuildings, and some avenues. There was also an extensive garden, laid out by Friedrich Christoph Hemmerling along preexisting paths. Reinhard Heinrich Ferdinand Fischer drew up plans for massive expansions to the garden and palace complex from 1766 to 1772 that closely followed the principles of French horticulturalist Antoine-Joseph Dezallier d'Argenville . The south garden

429-514: Is made up by oval-shaped windows connected by flowery garlands and topped by trophies of arms and frescoes. Above the north and south entrances into the White Hall are, respectively, the coat of arms of the Duchy of Württemberg and those of Duke Charles Eugene. The ceiling fresco was painted around 1768 by Nicolas Guibal and glorifies Charles Eugene's reign with personified virtues, flanking

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468-660: Is the Library Cabinet, whose walls are painted in a mimicry of woodgrain . The east wing consists of drawing rooms for visitors, namely two halls and four cabinets. The first room is the Assembly Room , painted blue and decorated with more golden stucco, and spanning the entire width of the building. Beyond is the Music Room, painted white and decorated with mirrors, yet more stucco, and overdoors painted by court painter Adolf Friedrich Harper . Attached to

507-513: Is the threshold of legal adulthood as recognized or declared in law . It is the moment when a person ceases to be considered a minor and assumes legal control over their person, actions, and decisions, thus terminating the control and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardian over them. Most countries set the age of majority at 18, but some jurisdictions have a higher age and others lower. The word majority here refers to having greater years and being of full age as opposed to minority ,

546-626: The Akademie Schloss Solitude . The Graevenitz Museum  [ de ] , displaying works by the Stuttgart sculptor Fritz von Graevenitz  [ de ] , is also located here. The palace chapel was constructed in a combination of the Rococo and Neoclassical styles. It is painted white in its entirety, except for the fresco on the flat ceiling painted by Guibal in 1766, and paired columns flank each window. Just above

585-697: The Kingdom of Württemberg . The main palatial building follows a standard Rococo plan, consisting of a large, oval-shaped hall with two halls that end in a pavilion. It is surrounded by a terrace supported on a series of arches that rises to the beletage , with a belvedere and staircases on either side. The center of the building is the White Hall, whose walls are clad in stucco marble and passed through via six French doors , flanked by Corinthian columns . The stucco work, by Valentin Sonnenschein  [ de ] , Johann Adam Bauer, and Ludovico Bossi,

624-433: The age of maturity , age of sexual consent , age of criminal responsibility , marriageable age , school-leaving age , legal working age , drinking age , driving age , voting age , smoking age , gambling age , etc., which each may be independent of and set at a different age from the age of majority. The term "age of majority" can be confused with the similar concept of the age of license , which also pertains to

663-788: The 1760s, Charles Eugene's policies and ambitions had met with failure. He had failed to achieve increased rank and prestige from the War of the Austrian Succession or the Seven Years' War , and had diplomatically isolated Württemberg because of his jostling and means of acquiring war funds. He had repeatedly withdrawn funding from the construction of his palaces, one of which was Monrepos , in Ludwigsburg . Charles Eugene turned his attention back to Stuttgart and, in 1763, he hired of architects led by Philippe de La Guêpière to plan

702-452: The Ducal coronet , triumphing over their inverse aspect as Greco-Roman deities represent highlights of the Duke's reign. Peace overcomes War, Bacchus and Ceres hold grapevines to symbolize local viticulture , and Apollo , leading various forms of art personified, celebrates Württemberg's cultural achievements. On top of the cupola is a viewing platform accessed by a hidden staircase in

741-465: The Music Room are four themed cabinets: the Picture, Red, Green, and Yellow Cabinets. The Picture Cabinet displays over 30 landscape paintings on its wall panels. The "basement" of the main building is divided exactly in half by and entered through an oval chamber directly beneath the White Hall. The walls of this chamber are covered with more trophies of arms. After 1771, the apartments were made up by

780-487: The age of eighteen was reversed and he returned the money to the parties whom he judged liable, due to concern that in his youth he may not have judged the cases correctly. Other Jewish commentators have discussed whether age 13 or 18 is the age to make decisions in a Jewish Court . The highest known age of majority historically was around age 30, during the age of the Roman Empire, where young males were placed under

819-404: The age of majority can be referred to as minors. For example, if a country's age of majority is 18, but the legal drinking age is 21, then a 20 year old would still be considered a "minor" in situations involving buying or consuming alcohol. Another example is the age to consent to sexual activity , which in most of the cases in the world is under the age of majority. In other cases, it can be above

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858-661: The age of majority is 18 in most states. In the Republic of Ireland the age of majority is 18, but one must be over 21 to stand for election to the Houses of the Oireachtas . Also, in Portugal the age of majority is 18, but one must be at least 25 years of age to run for public office and 35 to run for president. A child who is legally emancipated by a court of competent jurisdiction automatically attains to their maturity upon

897-445: The age of majority, and in that case the younger part, despite having already reached the legal adulthood, would be still referred to as minor or underage to consent to sexual activity. If a minor attempts to use adult privileges without being of age, they have committed a crime . Therefore, they could be prosecuted as a criminal and sentenced to fines or, more rarely, incarceration . Age of majority should not be confused with

936-472: The age of majority. For example, to purchase alcoholic beverages , the age of license is 21 in all U.S. states. Another example is the voting age, which prior to 1971 was 21 in the US, as was the age of majority in all or most states. After the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18, the age of majority was lowered to 18 in most states. In most US states, one may obtain a driver's license, consent to sexual activity, and gain full-time employment at age 16 even though

975-586: The beginning of the day of that person's relevant birthday; under English common law this was not always the case. In many countries minors can be emancipated : depending on jurisdiction, this may happen through acts such as marriage , attaining economic self-sufficiency, obtaining an educational degree or diploma , or participating in a form of military service . In the United States, all states have some form of emancipation of minors. The age of majority in countries (or administrative divisions ) in

1014-603: The columns, on the cornices are putti wielding the Arma Christi . At the chapel's entrance is the Ducal box, part of Charles Eugene's suite. American journalist and traitor Jane Anderson and two others stay at an abandoned Schloss Solitude during the Second World War in the novel The War Begins in Paris (published by Little, Brown & Co. in 2023.) Age of majority The age of majority

1053-572: The ducal court led Philippe de La Guêpière , though Charles Eugene was actively involved in the planning. The Duke desired the palace to be designed in the Rococo style, like his earlier project at Schloss Favorite . By 1763, however, the Rococo style had gone out of vogue in favor of Neoclassical architecture , and Solitude's interiors reflect this. At first, Charles Eugene intended to build an unassuming hunting retreat. He later changed his mind, and construction would last seven years and cost around

1092-515: The government of Baden-Württemberg restored the palace's interiors. From May 1968 to 1986, an autonomous dorm was located in today's academy building. Many of the residents were musicians, actors and dancers, as well as social workers, architects and engineers. Professor K.R.H. Sonderborg from the Stuttgart Art Academy, the conductor Manfred Schreier and the actress Bettina Kupfer were frequent guests. Solitude Palace's complex

1131-445: The grounds ceased. From the 1830s, however, King Charles I renovated the palace, while Queen Olga met with her relatives in the palace. Solitude was abandoned in the 20th century, the gardens fell into disrepair, and the ceiling frescoes by Nicolas Guibal were largely destroyed by water damage. The palace was used in times of war as a military hospital; during World War I , 23 soldiers died on its grounds. Between 1972 and 1983,

1170-497: The guardianship of adults known as " Curatores " whose permission was needed to engage in formal acts and sign contracts until the youth turned 30. This was later lowered to 25, and eventually 21 became the common age of majority. In some places historically, 23 or 27 could have also been this age. It has also been as low as 14 or 15 years of age. They are somewhat arbitrarily chosen, but have rarely been designated outside of this approximate age range. It has not always been 18 or 21 but

1209-537: The north end of the White Hall. Some stone cartouches bearing statements from Charles Eugene are also found on the lower facade of the main building. Immediately to the west of the White Hall is the six rooms of the Ducal Apartment, which was used for impressing visitors. The first is an antechamber decorated with green and gold-painted stuccowork. Following this is the Marble Hall, the only room of

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1248-480: The past (the same argument was made in the 1970s when most countries lowered the age of majority from 21 to 18, which remains the age used for most countries). In addition, compared to the past, information is much more easily accessible as a result of the spread of the Internet , which can be accessed through both the personal computer and the smartphone . A person reaches the age of majority at midnight at

1287-607: The signing of the court order. Only emancipation confers the status of maturity before a person has actually reached the age of majority. In almost all places, minors who marry are automatically emancipated. Some places also do the same for minors who are in the armed forces or who have a certain degree or diploma. Minors who are emancipated may be able to choose where they live, sign contracts, and have control over their financial and medical decisions and generally make decisions free from parental control but are not exempt from age requirements set forth in law for other rights. For example,

1326-469: The state of being a minor. The law in a given jurisdiction may not actually use the term "age of majority". The term typically refers to a collection of laws bestowing the status of adulthood. Those under the age of majority are referred to as minors and are legally forbidden from enjoying certain privileges or rights (e.g. the right to vote, buy and/or drink alcohol, marry, sign a binding contract). However, there are exceptions in which those who have reached

1365-635: The suite in the Neoclassical style and where Charles Eugene greeted guests, which leads into the Palm Room, so named for the golden stucco palm trees that frame its windows. The Palm Room serves as the entrance to the bedroom, to the south and decorated like the antechamber, and to two cabinets to the north. The first of the latter is the Writing Cabinet, painted in shades of gray and ornamented with more golden stucco. The second, and smaller,

1404-416: The threshold of adulthood but in a much broader and more abstract manner. As a legal term of art, "license" means "permission", which leads to implications of a legally enforceable right or privilege. Thus, an age of license is an age at which one has legal permission from a given government to participate in certain activities or rituals. The age of majority, on the other hand, is a legal recognition that one

1443-1311: Was destroyed in World War II. Friedrich Schiller was one of its alumni. He spent eight years of his life in this academy and suffered a lot in his first years of his stay. At first he was considered an average student, but in his second year, he often became ill and his performance suffered. When he joined the school's medical faculty, his life took a turn for the better and Schiller began with poetry. Others were Johann Heinrich Dannecker (later professor there), Joseph Anton Koch , Johann Georg Kerner , Johann Heinrich Ferdinand Autenrieth , Philipp Jakob Scheffauer , Johann Rudolf Zumsteeg , Antonio Boroni , Ferdinando Mazzanti , Ludwig Abeille , Johann Gottlieb Sämann , Christian Zais , Adam Albert von Neipperg , Gottlieb Schick , Georges Cuvier , Johann Christoph Friedrich Haug , Nikolaus Friedrich von Thouret , Johann Friedrich LeBret , Karl Wilhelm Marschall von Bieberstein , Ernst Franz Ludwig Marschall von Bieberstein , Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein , Friedrich Fürst von Hohenzollern-Hechingen , Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer and Carl Degenkolb . 48°46′40″N 9°11′00″E  /  48.77778°N 9.18333°E  / 48.77778; 9.18333 This article about

1482-614: Was succeeded as court architect and as director of construction at Solitude by his student, Reinhard Heinrich Ferdinand Fischer . In 1770, Charles Eugene established the Hohe Karlsschule on the grounds of Solitude Palace. It was at this school that Friedrich Schiller studied in his youth and wrote The Robbers . The school moved into Stuttgart in 1775, the same year the Duke himself shifted his attention to nearby Hohenheim Palace in 1775. The last grand function held at Solitude took place in 1782, after which maintenance of

1521-413: Was used for the entertainment of residents and visitors to Solitude and offered a hedge maze , theater, orangery , riding hall , a chinoiserie house, and zoos. The surrounding forests were carefully manicured to facilitate the parforce  [ fr ] style of coursing . The grounds were allowed to fall into disrepair from 1770 onward. Castle Solitude was designed by a working group at

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