79-805: Keynsham Abbey in Keynsham , Somerset , England, was a monastic abbey founded c. 1166 by William, Earl of Gloucester . The abbey was established as a house of Augustinian canons regular , and operated until the dissolution of the monasteries in 1539. Keynsham Abbey stood on the south side of the River Avon at its confluence with the River Chew , in what is now known as the Keynsham Hams, an alluvial flood plain consisting of open fields, pastures, and meadows, divided by hedgerows and ditches. The site has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and
158-473: A BMX track at Keynsham Road. The Keynsham town council is also responsible for the football pitches and pavilion at Manor Road and the floodlit Multi Sport Site in Memorial Park. It also provides support for community groups organising music and cultural events. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also of interest to the council. The town council
237-630: A bandstand and refreshment kiosk. The formal gardens within the park are adjacent to the River Chew with the Dapps Hill Woods at its western end. Part of the park is known locally as Chew Park because of its proximity to the river and another area, close to Keynsham Abbey as Abbey Park. The park received the Green Flag Award in 2008/09, and again for 2009/10. On the outskirts of Keynsham lies Keynsham Humpy Tumps , one of
316-799: A dramatic story-line in the BBC One TV serial EastEnders in September 2012 with filming taking place in a cordoned-off section of the High Street. In Northanger Abbey by Jane Austen , Catherine and her friends ride to ″within view of the town of Keynsham″. Local television news programmes are covered by BBC Points West and ITV News West Country which both broadcast from Bristol . Local radio stations are BBC Radio Bristol on 94.9 FM, Heart West on 96.3 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Bristol & The South West on 107.2 FM, Hits Radio Bristol on 106.5 FM, Kiss on 97.2 FM and KTCRfm, which
395-582: A female leader of the Church of England . Elizabeth, who was a politique , did not prosecute nonconformist laymen, or those who did not follow the established rules of the Church of England unless their actions directly undermined the authority of the English monarch, as was the case in the vestments controversy . Thus, it was through the Second Act of Supremacy that Elizabeth I officially established
474-566: A justification for controlling the appointment of bishops. The conflation in the Crown of supreme lay authority over church and state made every secular subject of the Crown a spiritual subject of the Church as well; the Church was co-extensive with the State. Contemporary English theologian Richard Hooker described the situation thus: There is not any man of the Church of England but the same man
553-559: A major employer in the town. It is home to Memorial Park, which is used for the annual town festival and several nature reserves. The town is served by Keynsham railway station on the London-Bristol and Bristol-Southampton trunk routes and is close to the A4 road which bypassed the town in 1964. There are schools, religious, sporting, and cultural clubs and venues. Evidence of occupation dates back to prehistoric times, and during
632-520: A marriage could not simply be annulled because of a canonical impediment previously dispensed . Additionally, the emperor of the Hapsburg empire at this time was the nephew of Catherine of Aragon, and for the pope to declare that marriage invalid would be to separate the Church from the good favor of the emperor. Henry VIII subsequently passed the Treasons Act , which stated that to disavow
711-513: A religious settlement in Keynsham during the 9th and 10th centuries, but the abbey was founded by William, Earl of Gloucester , the year of his son's Robert's death in 1166, and (according to tradition) at his son's dying request. It was founded as a house of Augustinian canons regular , or priests living in a monastic community and performing clerical duties. The canons at Keynsham adopted the then-popular monastic order of Saint Victor , so that
790-469: A son, the king tried for years to annul his marriage to her, having convinced himself that God was punishing him for marrying his brother's widow. Despite his close alignment with the Catholic Church and other papal annulments, Pope Clement VII refused to grant Henry VIII an annulment. Roman Catholic doctrine viewed a marriage contract as indissoluble until death, and the papacy argued that
869-738: A village which adjoins Keynsham, to Brislington in Bristol . Keynsham is about 10 miles (16 km) from junction 1 of the M32 via the Avon Ring Road A4174 and provides a fast route to the M4 and M5 . Keynsham is on the Monarch's Way long-distance footpath which approximates the escape route taken by King Charles II in 1651 after being defeated in the Battle of Worcester . In May 2017,
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#1732788032688948-566: Is also responsible for education , social services , libraries , main roads, public transport , trading standards , waste disposal and strategic planning, although fire, police and ambulance services are provided jointly with other authorities through the Avon Fire and Rescue Service , Avon and Somerset Constabulary and the South Western Ambulance Service . Bath and North East Somerset's area covers part of
1027-436: Is an Ofcom licensed community station which broadcast from the town on 105.8 FM, DAB and also online. The town is served by the local newspaper, Bristol Post (formerly Bristol Observer ). The town is served by Keynsham railway station on the London-Bristol and Bristol-Southampton trunk routes. It opened in 1840 and was renamed Keynsham and Somerdale in 1925. The chocolate factory had its own rail system which
1106-479: Is an 11–18, mixed comprehensive school which was established in 1971, by amalgamating Keynsham Grammar School and Wellsway County Secondary School both of which opened on a shared site in the mid-1950s. Most students that attend the school live in Keynsham and Saltford or the nearby villages. As of 2014, approximately 1335 students attend the school, ranging in age of 11–18, with 64% achieving 5 or more A-C grades at GCSE. Wellsway's bid for specialist school status
1185-470: Is around 800–900 mm (31–35 in). About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, with June to August having the lightest. The predominant wind direction is from the south west. In the 2001 census Keynsham had a population of 15,533, in 6,545 households, of which 6,480 described themselves as White. Keynsham East Ward had a population of 5,479, Keynsham North 5,035 and Keynsham South 5,019. In each of
1264-482: Is not managed for its biodiversity interest. Threats to its ecological value include the encroachment of scrub onto the grassland areas, and damage from motorcycle scrambling . Between Keynsham and Saltford , a 15 hectares (37 acres) area of green belt has been planted, with over 19,000 trees, as the Manor Road Community Woodland , which has been designated as a Nature Reserve. Nearby
1343-541: Is not, in fact Saint Keyne, but from "Ceagin (Caega)." Around 1170, Keynsham Abbey was founded by the Victorine congregation of canon regulars . Archeological evidence suggests that the abbey was built over the site of the previous Saxon Minster church. The settlement developed into a medieval market town, and the abbey of Keynsham was given ownership of the Keynsham Hundred . The abbey survived until
1422-559: Is the Avon Valley Country Park tourist attraction. Along with the rest of South West England , Keynsham has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of England. The annual mean temperature is about 10 °C (50 °F) with seasonal and diurnal variations, but due to the modifying effect of the sea, the range is less than in most other parts of the United Kingdom. January
1501-489: Is the coldest month with mean minimum temperatures between 1 °C (34 °F) and 2 °C (36 °F). July and August are the warmest months in the region with mean daily maxima around 21 °C (70 °F). In general, December is the dullest month and June the sunniest. The south west of England enjoys a favoured location, particularly in summer, when the Azores High extends its influence north-eastwards towards
1580-833: The House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom as part of the North East Somerset and Hanham constituency following the 2023 boundary changes by the Boundary Commission for England replacing the North East Somerset Parliamentary Seat . In the first election following these changes in the 2024 general election the constituency elected Dan Norris of the Labour Party , who had previously represented
1659-690: The Roman period, Keynsham may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus, which is the Latin word for "bridgehead." It is believed that a settlement around a Roman ford over the River Avon existed somewhere in the vicinity, and the numerous Roman ruins discovered in Keynsham make it a likely candidate for this lost settlement. In 1877 during construction of the Durley Hill Cemetery,
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#17327880326881738-623: The Wansdyke constituency that preceded North East Somerset. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Keynsham is located where the River Chew meets the River Avon . Fishing rights for the Millground and Chewton sections of the Chew are owned by Keynsham Angling Club. The Mill Ground stretch of the River Chew consists of the six fields on the western bank from Chewton Place at Chewton Keynsham to
1817-542: The ceremonial county of Somerset but it is administered independently of the non-metropolitan county . Its administrative headquarters is in Bath, but many departments are headquartered in Keynsham. Between 1 April 1974 and 1 April 1996, it was the main town of the Wansdyke district of the county of Avon . Before 1974 the parish was part of the Keynsham Urban District. The parish is represented in
1896-652: The dissolution of the monasteries in 1539, and a house was subsequently built on the site. The remains have been designated as a Grade I listed building by English Heritage . Keynsham played a part in the Civil War as the Roundheads occupied the town and also camped there for the night, using the pub now known as the Lock Keeper Inn as a guard post. During the Monmouth Rebellion of 1685
1975-664: The 16th century that established the English monarchs as the head of the Church of England ; two similar laws were passed by the Parliament of Ireland establishing the English monarchs as the head of the Church of Ireland . The 1534 Act declared King Henry VIII and his successors as the Supreme Head of the Church, replacing the Pope . This first Act was repealed during the reign of the Catholic Queen Mary I . The 1558 Act declared Queen Elizabeth I and her successors
2054-427: The 1950s Keynsham has become a dormitory town for Bristol and Bath . The High Street shopping area has been remodelled, and a Town Hall, Library, and Clock Tower were built in the mid-1960s. Before the creation of Chew Valley Lake and river level controls at Keynsham Lock and weir, Keynsham was prone to flooding. The Great Flood of 1968 inundated large parts of the town, destroying the town's bridges including
2133-416: The 19th century, as shown by the ordnance Survey maps of 1864 and 1867, was formally laid out after World War II was extended after the floods of 1968. It covers 10.7 hectares (26 acres) of woodland and grass alongside the River Chew. It commemorates the war dead of Keynsham and includes facilities including two children's play areas, a skateboard park, multi-sport area, bowling green , public toilets,
2212-624: The Act of Supremacy and to deprive the king of his "dignity, title, or name" was to be considered treason . Thus, the king's control over the English religion was absolute and those who held to Catholic beliefs were swiftly punished. The most famous public figure to resist the Treasons Act was Sir Thomas More , who was convicted of treason and executed by beheading. In 1537, the Act of Supremacy (Ireland) 1537 (28 Hen. 8. c. 5 (I), An Act authorising
2291-542: The Albert Mill. The water is home to chub , roach , European perch and rudd , along with good numbers of gudgeon , dace and trout . Keynsham Lock on the Avon opened in 1727. Just above the lock are some visitor moorings and a pub , on an island between the lock and the weir . The weir side of the island is also the mouth of the River Chew. Memorial Park, the northern part of which has existed as parkland since
2370-555: The Faith" ( Fidei defensor ) in 1521 by Pope Leo X for his pamphlet accusing Martin Luther of heresy. Parliament later conferred this title upon the king in 1544. Henry VIII was motivated to issue the Act for multiple reasons. He desperately wanted a male heir to continue his line, and after wars and succession crises, aimed to ensure that his dynastic lineage would continue without challenge. When Catherine of Aragon did not bear
2449-532: The High Street area, and that in the 9th century a Minster church existed in Keynsham as well. The earliest documentary reference to Keynsham is in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , (c. 980) which refers to it as Cægineshamme, Old English for 'Cæga's Hamm.' The town is also listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Cainesham." It has therefore been suggested that the origin of Keynsham's name
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2528-431: The High Street was made one-way for traffic heading towards Saltford and Bath with all Bristol-bound diverted along Ashton Way. There is now no access to Temple Street from High Street with the exception of buses and taxis, all traffic for Temple Street is diverted along Ashton Way. The town is served by 6 bus routes, 1 of which connects Bath with Bristol International Airport , another bus service runs from Ashton Way at
2607-521: The Keynsham Hams. Keynsham developed into a medieval market town after Keynsham Abbey was founded around 1170. It is situated at the confluence of the River Chew and River Avon and was subject to serious flooding before the creation of Chew Valley Lake and river level controls at Keynsham Lock in 1727. The Chew Stoke flood of 1968 inundated large parts of the town. It was home to the Cadbury's chocolate factory, Somerdale , which opened in 1935 as
2686-611: The King, His Heirs and Successors, to be supreme Head of the Church of Ireland ) was passed by the Parliament of Ireland , establishing Henry VIII as the supreme head of the Church of Ireland , as had earlier been done in England. Henry VIII's Act of Supremacy was repealed in 1554 during the reign of his staunchly Roman Catholic daughter, Queen Mary I . Upon her death in November 1558, her Protestant half-sister Elizabeth I succeeded to
2765-748: The Supreme Governor of the Church, a title that the British monarch still holds . Royal supremacy is specifically used to describe the legal sovereignty of the king (i.e., civil law) over the law of the Church in England . The first Act of Supremacy, passed on 3 November 1534 ( 26 Hen. 8 . c. 1) by the Parliament of England was one of the first major events in the English Reformation . It granted King Henry VIII of England and subsequent monarchs royal supremacy and stated that
2844-496: The UK. Cloud often forms inland, especially near hills, and reduces exposure to sunshine. The average annual sunshine totals around 1600 hours. Rainfall tends to be associated with Atlantic depressions or with convection. In summer, convection caused by solar surface heating sometimes forms shower clouds and a large proportion of the annual precipitation falls from showers and thunderstorms at this time of year. Average rainfall
2923-555: The abbey a weekly market which was to be held on Tuesdays, as well as a yearly fair on the festival of the Assumption . These rights were confirmed by Edward IV in 1461. The abbey also acquired considerable property in Ireland . As the centuries progressed, the abbey seems to have had occasional struggles with discipline issues. In 1350, the bishop drew attention to the fact that the canons were failing to properly guard and secure
3002-399: The abbey began a 400-year period of disassembly and robbing the site for suitable building materials. The changes began almost immediately: within two years of the surrender of the abbey, the conventual church began to be dismantled and sold off. Records indicate that Richard Walker was paid £12 for melting the lead on the church, the cloister, and the steeple at Keynsham. Frances Edwards bought
3081-484: The aim of assessing their financial state and reviewing their documents and account books. Layton visited Keynsham Abbey in August 1535. Four years later, on 28 January 1539, John Tregonwell and William Petre , Henry VIII's privy councillor and Secretary of State, were sent to the abbey as "visitors". The abbot and ten canons surrendered the abbey, and the abbot and canons received pensions or annuities. The surrender of
3160-517: The back of the shops to Southmead Hospital and one bus service runs to Cribbs Causeway . In numerical order: All buses towards Bristol, Southmead and Cribbs Causeway use the bus stop on Ashton Way at the back of the shops, whilst all buses towards Bath use the stop on the High Street opposite the Post Office. State-funded schools are organised within the unitary authority of Bath and North East Somerset. A review of Secondary Education in Bath
3239-508: The banks of the River Avon during the 5th century. Before settling here, she had been warned by the local King that the marshy area was swarming with snakes, which prevented habitation. St Keyne prayed to the heavens and turned the snakes to stone. The fossil ammonites found in the area were believed to be the result. However, there is no evidence that her cult was ever celebrated in Keynsham. Some scattered archeological evidence suggests that an Anglo-Saxon settlement existed in Keynsham in
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3318-544: The bid became a cause célèbre of national interest. To sweeten their case before the Monopolies Commission, Kraft made a pledge to keep the Cadbury factory at Somerdale open if they were successful in their bid for the company; and their bid was duly successful. However, within a week of completing their purchase of Cadbury, Kraft CEO Irene Rosenfeld released a statement announcing that Kraft were to close
3397-472: The canons were regularly missing community meals and engaging in gaming. A similar issue arose again in 1450, and the bishop had many similar complaints and admonishments about the management and upkeep of the abbey. The Act of Supremacy was passed in 1534, making Henry VIII the supreme head of the English Church . The last abbot of Keynsham Abbey, John Staunton, along with the prior William Herne,
3476-433: The church of St. Mary and St. Peter and St. Paul, and the chapels of Brislington, Charlton, Felton (or Whitchurch), Publow and Pensford. The arms of the abbey included six golden clarions or trumpets on a red ground, from the de Clares, Earls of Gloucester. In 1276, King Edward I stayed at the abbey on his way from Bath to Bristol. A township eventually grew up around Keynsham Abbey, and in 1307, King Edward II granted
3555-644: The city of Bristol on the A4 that links the cities of Bristol and Bath in Somerset , England. It had a population of 19,603 at the 2021 Census. It was listed in the Domesday Book as Cainesham (as it is pronounced), which is believed to mean the home of Saint Keyne . The site of the town has been occupied since prehistoric times, and may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus. The remains of at least two Roman villas have been excavated, and an additional 15 Roman buildings have been detected beneath
3634-533: The county bridge over the Avon which had stood since medieval times, and private premises on Dapps Hill; the devastation was viewed by the Duke of Edinburgh . After the flood the Memorial Park, which had been laid out after World War II was extended. Design work for regeneration of the town hall area was awarded by Bath and North East Somerset Council to Aedas in 2010, with the works cost stated in 2011 to be £33 million ( £34 million in 2012). Realisation of
3713-494: The county of Somerset, between 1974 and 1996 the town became part of the larger district of Wandsdyke within the short-lived county of Avon . The town is now represented as part of the unitary authority of Bath and North East Somerset , in the ceremonial county of Somerset. Bath and North East Somerset Council was established in 1996 under the Local Government Act 1992 . The town is divided into three wards on
3792-403: The factory by 2011, as originally planned by Cadbury. The stated reason for this was that it was only after the purchase had been made that Kraft realised how advanced Cadbury's plans were, but industry experts questioned this, arguing that Kraft invested so much in researching their bid for Cadbury that they should have been aware of the extent to which plans had been advanced. In 1969 the town
3871-579: The factory's closure is a hard and heavy blow, not just to the workforce, but to the Keynsham community as a whole". By late 2007 campaigns to save the Cadbury's factory in Somerdale were in full swing, and one local resident started a campaign to urge English Heritage to protect the site and preserve the history of the factory. In 2009 the US corporation Kraft made a takeover bid for Cadbury. Cadbury's were seen as iconic of British manufacturing industry, and
3950-594: The grounds of the factory a museum which for many years housed the Durley Hill mosaics, the coffins, and numerous other artefacts. In 2012, Taylor Wimpey, about to develop the factory site, made a detailed geophysical assessment of the area, and discovered an additional 15 Roman buildings centered around a Roman road beneath Keynsham Hams, with evidence of additional Roman buildings that had been disturbed by quarrying. According to legend, Saint Keyne , daughter of King Brychan of Brycheiniog (Brecon), lived here on
4029-719: The head of the religious house was always called an abbot, and the house was known as the House of the Canons of Saint Austin and Saint Victor. At its foundation, the whole of the manor and the hundred of Keynsham , which covered an area of 24,520 acres (9,920 ha), was conferred upon the abbey. This included the parishes of Brislington , Burnett , Chelwood , Compton Dando , Farmborough , Keynsham , Marksbury , Nempnett Thrubwell , Pensford , Priston , Publow , Queen Charlton , Saltford , Stanton Drew , Stanton Prior , and Whitchurch . This also included numerous parish properties such as
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#17327880326884108-586: The king the title (thereby suggesting that they had the right to withdraw it later); rather, it was acknowledging an established fact. In the Act of Supremacy, Henry VIII withdrew support for the authority of the pope and the Roman Catholic Church and asserted the independence of the Ecclesia Anglicana . He appointed himself and his successors as the supreme rulers of the English church. Earlier, Henry VIII had been declared "Defender of
4187-408: The late 1990s, takes place in the Memorial Park each July, and attracts around 16,000 people. There is also a Victorian evening held in the town each November. This has since been renamed Keynsham Winter Festival. Keynsham and Saltford local history society was formed in 1965 and is concerned with researching and recording the history of the area. Keynsham was chosen as the outdoor location for
4266-630: The local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The town council's role includes projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, such as the village hall or community centre , as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Playing fields and playgrounds are provided in Memorial Park, Downfield, Kelston Road, Teviot Road, Holmoak Road and Manor Road with basketball facilities at Teviot Road and Holmoak Road and
4345-693: The most floristically rich acidic grassland sites within the Avon area. The site is on a south-facing slope running alongside the Bristol to Bath railway line. It consists of open patches of grassland and bare rock, interspersed with blocks of scrub . It is the only site in Avon at which upright chickweed Moenchia erecta , occurs. Other locally notable plant species found here include annual knawel Scleranthus annuus , sand spurrey Spergularia rubra , subterranean clover Trifolium subterraneus and prickly sedge Carex muricata ssp. lamprocarpa . The site does not have any statutory conservation status, and
4424-628: The now reformed Church of England. This was a part of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement . Historian G. R. Elton has argued that, "in law and political theory the Elizabethan supremacy was essentially parliamentary, while Henry VIII's had been essentially personal." The royal supremacy was extinguished during the British Interregnum from 1649, but was restored in 1660. The Stuart kings used it as
4503-540: The outer gate of the abbey, and that the ornaments of the church and treasures of the house would be easily stolen as they were so poorly guarded. The canons were also admonished to keep better household accounts, attend prayers more regularly, and give up luxuries such as hunting dogs and dining outside the precinct. In 1353, the bishop visited again, and found great neglect throughout the abbey. The doors were again unguarded, household accounts were not properly kept, prayers were not attended to regularly, and up to two-thirds of
4582-469: The plans is hoped to "attract new business and jobs", in the aftermath of the announcement of the Cadbury Somerdale Factory closure . In January 2012, it was announced that the Willmott Dixon Group had been appointed as contractor on the scheme. The Council's planning committee in August 2012 deferred the approval decision, pending alterations to the external appearance of the building. These were approved in October 2012, with demolition commencing in
4661-405: The reigning monarch was the supreme head of the Church of England . The Act declared that the king was "the only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England" and that the Crown shall enjoy "all honours, dignities, preeminences, jurisdictions, privileges, authorities, immunities, profits, and commodities to the said dignity." The wording of the act made clear that Parliament was not granting
4740-406: The remains of a grand Roman villa with over 30 rooms was discovered. However, construction of the cemetery went ahead, and the majority of the villa is now located beneath the Victorian cemetery and an adjacent road. The cemetery was expanded in 1922, and an archeological dig was carried out ahead of the interments, leading to the excavation of 17 rooms and the rescue of 10 elaborate mosaics. At
4819-482: The same month. The regenerated Keynsham Civic Centre came back into use in late 2014 and early 2015. In the latter half of the 2010s, Keynsham underwent rapid expansion with hundreds of new homes built. Keynsham Town Council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The town council evaluates local planning applications and works with
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#17327880326884898-413: The same time as the grand Roman villa was being excavated at Durley Hill Cemetery, a second smaller villa was discovered during the construction of Fry's Somerdale Chocolate Factory . Two fine stone coffins were found, interred with the remains of a man and a woman. The villa and coffins were removed to a place near the gates of the factory grounds, and construction on the factory went ahead. Fry's built in
4977-484: The seven bells of the church, and various unused buildings attached to it. The entire site was eventually sold to Thomas Bridges, who dismantled the existing structures and built his family house on the site. In 1559, Bridges bequeathed additional leftover stone from the Abbey Church for the repair of the bridge and causeway over the nearby River Avon . The house built by the Bridges family was demolished in 1776. Victorian housebuilders and excavators began taking stone from
5056-429: The site in 1865, and continued until the turn of the century, until only isolated stretches of unsuitable stone or stone buried under discarded material were left. In some places, so much material was disturbed and excavated for reuse that quarrying penetrated down to bedrock. In the 1960s, plans were made for the Keynsham bypass of the A4 to pass directly through the site of the abbey, which would necessarily destroy what
5135-400: The subprior John Arnold, and 12 other canons, subscribed to the Act of Supremacy, pledging fidelity to Henry VIII as the head of the church. The following year, in 1535, Henry VIII ordered a survey of the finances of the church, entitled the Valor Ecclesiasticus. He sent Richard Layton , one of his principal agents in church reform, on a tour of British monasteries and other institutions, with
5214-408: The system, listeners had to write to Batchelor's Keynsham post office box, and Keynsham was always painstakingly spelled out on-air, with Batchelor famously intoning "Keynsham – spelt K-E-Y-N-S-H-A-M – Keynsham, Bristol". This was done because the proper pronunciation of Keynsham – "Cane-sham" – does not make the spelling of Keynsham immediately obvious to the radio listener. Since
5293-503: The throne. The first Elizabethan Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy 1558 that declared Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church of England and instituted an Oath of Supremacy requiring anyone taking public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the Church and state. Anyone refusing to take the oath could be charged with treason. The use of the term Supreme Governor as opposed to Supreme Head pacified some Catholics and those Protestants concerned about
5372-412: The town was the site of a battle between royalist forces and the rebel Duke of Monmouth . Bridges Almshouses were built around 1685 and may have been for the widows of those killed in the rebellion. Keynsham rose to fame during the late 1950s and early 1960s when it featured in a long-running series of advertisements on Radio Luxembourg for Horace Batchelor 's Infra-draw betting system. To obtain
5451-612: The unitary authority, Keynsham East which has two Liberal Democrat Councillors, Keynsham North, which has two Liberal Democrat councillors, Keynsham South which is represented by one Conservative and one Labour councillor. Bath and North East Somerset provides a single tier of local government , with responsibility for almost all local government functions within its area, including local planning and building control , local roads, council housing , environmental health , markets and fairs, refuse collection , recycling , cemeteries , crematoria , leisure services, parks, and tourism . It
5530-402: The wards between 75 and 80% of the population described themselves as Christians, and around 15% said that they had no religion. In 1881 the population of the civil parish was 2,482. This grew gradually until 1931 when there were 4,521, before there was a steeper rise to 1951 when there were 8,277. Over the next ten years this nearly doubled to 15,152 in 1961. An important industry in the town
5609-437: Was Cadbury's chocolate factory, the Somerdale Factory . The J. S. Fry & Sons business merged with Cadbury in 1919, and moved their factory in the centre of Bristol to Keynsham in 1935. As Quakers , Cadbury's built the factory on a 228-acre (0.92 km ) greenfield site with social facilities, including playing fields and recreational sports grounds. Called Somerdale after a national competition in 1923, Keynsham Cadbury
5688-409: Was accepted in September 2007. In 2013 it became an academy and was the founder school of Wellsway Multi Academy Trust which later rebranded itself as Futura Learning Partner in September 2021. Broadlands Academy became an academy in 2012. It has 430 students between the ages of 11 and 16 years. Act of Supremacy The Acts of Supremacy are two acts passed by the Parliament of England in
5767-460: Was also the site of a 4th-century Roman settlement , possibly called Trajectus , which was abandoned after the withdrawal of the Roman legions from Britain. The abbey was built near the old Roman Road, which became the Bath Road connecting London with Bath and Bristol . The ruins of the abbey can be seen in Keynsham's Memorial Park near the A4 and Keynsham railway station . There had been
5846-418: Was connected to the main line, but the connection was taken out of use 26–27 July 1980. The station's name reverted to Keynsham on 6 May 1974. The station was rebuilt in 1985 as a joint project between British Rail and Avon County Council . The A4 trunk road used to run through the town, but much of this traffic is now carried on the bypass, which was constructed in 1964. The bypass runs from Saltford ,
5925-596: Was featured as the title of the fourth album Keynsham by the Bonzo Dog Band . The title was chosen in honour of Horace Batchelor , who had been referenced in previous Bonzo Dog Band recordings. In the early 1960s, Batchelor became known through his regular advertisements on Radio Luxembourg for his football pools prediction service. When giving his contact address, he would slowly spell out 'Keynsham' letter by letter, and this became an amusing feature for many young listeners. Keynsham Festival, which started in
6004-524: Was formed in 1991 and consists of 15 members elected every four years. The town council is divided into three wards. As of May 2023, Keynsham East is represented by five Liberal Democrat councillors, Keynsham North has four Liberal Democrat councillors and one Green Party councillor and Keynsham South is represented by three Labour and two Liberal Democrat councillors. Keynsham has one official twin town: Libourne in France. Formerly an urban district within
6083-404: Was left of portions of the site. An archaeological excavation was made in advance of the construction. Amongst the finds was a fipple flute, a type of early recorder . The remains have been designated as a Grade I listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument . Keynsham Keynsham ( / ˈ k eɪ n ʃ əm / KAYN -shəm ) is a town and civil parish located on the outskirts of
6162-729: Was started in 2007, primarily to reduce surplus provision and reduce the number of single-sex secondary schools in Bath, and to access capital funds available through the government's Building Schools for the Future programme. There are five primary schools in Keynsham, St John's Primary School, Castle Primary School, Chandag Primary School (formerly separate Infant and Junior schools until 2023), St Keyna Primary School (formed when Keynsham Primary School and 150 year old Temple Primary School merged in 2007) and Two Rivers CofE Primary School which opened in 2019. There are also three secondary schools: Wellsway ; Broadlands ; and IKB Academy. Wellsway School
6241-572: Was the home of Fry's Chocolate Cream , the Double Decker , Dairy Milk and Mini Eggs, Cadbury's Fudge , Chomp and Crunchie . On 3 October 2007, Cadbury announced plans to close the Somerdale plant by 2010 with the loss of some 500 jobs. Production was to be moved to factories in Birmingham and Poland, and in the longer term it was expected that the site would be redeveloped for housing. Labour MP for Wansdyke, Dan Norris , said "news of
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