Misplaced Pages

#899100

43-631: In Mahabharata , a Kekaya prince was mentioned, who joined the Pandavas in the Kurukshetra War . He was the eldest among the six brothers and was described as a king known as Vrihatkshatra who is banished from his kingdom by his own kinsmen, like the Pandavas who were banished from their Kuru Kingdom , by their cousin brothers viz the Kauravas headed by Duryodhana . Thus this Kekaya brother

86-512: A Malava clan, and may have been responsible for the name "Malwa" being applied to the region. Post-Gupta records attest to the Malava presence in multiple regions, including present-day Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat . Xuanzang (also 7th century) locates Malava (transcribed as 摩臘婆, "Mo-la-p'o") in present-day Gujarat, describing Kheta ( Kheda ) and Anandapura ( Vadnagar ) as parts of the Malava country. Xuanzang suggests that this Malava country

129-552: A large population of them) migrated to present-day Rajasthan, possibly as a result of the Indo-Greek occupation of Punjab. They were probably headquartered at Malavanagara (present-day Nagar Fort), where several thousands of their coins have been discovered. These coins bear the legend Malavanam jayah ( lit.   ' victory of the Malavas ' ), and have been dated between 250 BCE and 250 CE. Several inscriptions dated in

172-1080: A part of the Vahika country. The other three countries which formed parts of the Vahika land were the Madra, the Usinara and the Savasa lands. The Jaina texts say that one half of the Kekaya was Aryan and refer to the Kekaya city called Seyaviya. Pandavas Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 547726192 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 05:32:57 GMT Malava kingdom The Malavas ( Brahmi script : 𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀭𑀯 Mmālava ) or Malwas were an ancient Indian tribe. They are believed to have lived in

215-651: A translation error, or could mean some tribal-link between Avanti and Kekaya. Similar to other western rulers, like the Kambojas , the Kekayas also had migrated to east, hence in principle, could reach Avanti . In fact, in Ramayana , there is some indication of a Kekaya kingdom in the eastern sea-shore ! There are several references to the Kekayas in the Bhagavatam Purana. The five Kekaya brothers were

258-627: A war against Krishna and his Yadava army [4] . Kekays had participated in the marriage ceremony of Rukmini, queen consort of Krishna, the daughter of Bhishmaka, the king of Vidarbha. One of the wives of Krishna was a Kekaya princess. When Krishna was going to Mithila, the Kekays had met him with presents. Bhagavata Purana further states that the Usinaras, the Sibi, the Madras, and the Kekayas were

301-487: Is known about this warrior from Kekaya except the following passages. After Bhima completed his learning with Balarama , he became in strength like unto Dyumatsena himself (1,141). Dyumatsena, the chief of bowmen among the Kekayas was present in Yudhishthira 's court, newly inaugurated at Indraprastha (2,3). The five Kekaya princes, allied with the Kauravas and Eldest sixth one allied with Pandavas and visited

344-463: Is lying on the ground, slain by Drona . Their coats of mail, of the splendour of heated gold, and their tall standards and cars and garlands, all made of the same metal, are shedding a bright light on the earth like so many blazing fires. (11,25) The Kekayas are said to have fought on both sides in the Kurukshetra war . The five Kekaya princes, led by their elder brother Vrihatkshatra, had joined

387-534: Is mentioned at many places (5–19,30,198), (6,16) The five Kekaya brothers, (probably those who sided with Duryodhana) were equated with the five Asuras viz Ayahsira, Aswasira, Aysanku, Gaganamurdhan, and Vegavat. (1,67) Jayadratha (the brother-in-law of Duryodhana), assisted by the Kekayas, endeavoured to ravish Draupadi (the wife of Pandavas) (11,22) The five royal brothers, the princes of Kekaya, hastened to Duryodhana with an Akshauhini of troops, and gladdened his heart. (5,19). Kekayas were mentioned along with

430-580: The Lata country (southern Gujarat) to check the advance of the Gurjara-Pratiharas into Malava. Although the region that ultimately came to be known as Malwa included Ujjain , the post-Gupta records distinguish between the territory of the Malavas and the region around Ujjain. Banabhatta 's Kadambari (7th century) describes Vidisha in present-day eastern Malwa as the capital of the Malavas, and Ujjayini (Ujjain) in present-day western Malwa as

473-617: The Malava era have been found in various parts of Rajasthan, which suggests that the Malava influence extended to a wider part of Rajasthan. It is also said that the Malavas, originally residing in the Punjab region, migrated to Central India/Rajasthan due to the Huna invasion. The Malavas ultimately migrated to the Malwa region in central India: this region was named after them some time after

SECTION 10

#1732771976900

516-644: The Malavas also, and the Salwakas , as also, the two famous warriors of the Trigarta host who have sworn to conquer or die. (5,57). The princes of Kekaya, and Dhrishtaketu, and the son of the king of the Kasis , and Srenimat, and Vasudana, and the invincible Sikhandin, all hale and hearty, cased in armour and armed with weapons and decked with ornaments, marched behind Yudhishthira (5,152). Kekayas on Kaurava side

559-747: The Pandava army while other Kekaya brothers opposed Vrihatkshatra had sided with the Kauravas. The other numerous kingdoms of ancient India viz. Dwaraka , Kasi , Magadha , Matsya , Mahishmati, Chedi , Pandya and the Yadus of Mathura were allies of Pandavas while the allies of the Kauravas were nations of Pragjyotisha, Anga , Kekaya, Sindhudesa, Avanti in Madhyadesa, Madras, Gandhara, Bahlika , Kamboja (with Yavanas , Sakas , Tusharas) and many others had sided with Kauravas. Mahabharata associates

602-723: The Punjab region at the time of Alexander 's invasion in the 4th century BCE. Later, the Malavas migrated southwards to present-day Rajasthan , and ultimately to Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat . Their power gradually declined as a result of defeats against the Western Satraps (2nd century CE), the Gupta emperor Samudragupta (4th century), and the Chalukya emperor Pulakeshin II (7th century). The Malwa region in central India and

645-585: The region of Punjab with the same name are both named after them. The Malava era , which later came to be known as Vikram Samvat, was probably first used by them. The Malavas are mentioned in several ancient Indian texts, including the Mahabharata and Mahabhashya . According to the Mahabharata , the hundred sons of the Madra king Ashvapati, the father of Savitri were known as the Malava s, after

688-720: The 10th century onward, historical records use the term "Malavas" to refer to the Paramaras , who ruled the present-day Malwa region. It is probable that the Paramaras were descended from the ancient Malavas. However, they came to be called "Malavas" after they started ruling the Malwa region, which was named after the ancient Malavas. In the Yadava-prakasha's Vijayanti (c. 11th century), Avanti (the area around Ujjain) and Malava are stated to be identical. Thus, it appears that

731-721: The 2nd century CE. Around 120 CE, the Malavas are mentioned as besieging the king of the Uttamabhadras to the south, but the Uttamabhadras were finally rescued by the Western Satraps , and the Malvas were crushed. The account appears in an inscription at the Nashik Caves , made by Nahapana 's viceroy Ushavadata : ... And by order of the Lord I went to release the chief of the Uttamabhadras, who had been besieged for

774-512: The Jhelum district but this view has not been accepted by scholars. Ramayana further attests that Kekaya lay beyond Vipasa or Beas and abutted with the country of Gandharava or Gandhara vishaya (country). Ravana, the son of Vishrava and Kaikesi (Princess of Kaikeya may be an early predecessor of Bhagawan Rama’s Step mother) was born in Devagana. According to Vishnu-Dharmottara Mahapurana also,

817-436: The Kekaya peoples with the Madras (Madraschasca saha Kekayaiha). Madra-Kekayah (7–21,83,107), (8–3) Yudhamanyu and Uttamaujas, became protectors of Arjuna ’s car-wheels, along with the Kekaya brothers, and Dhrishtaketu , and Chekitana of great valour. (6,19). The Kekaya brothers at the head of their troops, encountered in battle the five Gandhara princes with their troops. (6,45). Kripa rushed against Vrihadkshatra,

860-590: The Kekayas and other nation like those of the Yadus, Srnjayas, Kurus and Kambojas had participated in the Rajasuya sacrifice of Yudhishtra. "The massed armies of the Yadus, Srnjayas, Kambojas, Kurus, Kekayas and Kosalas made the earth tremble as they followed Yudhishira Maharaja, the performer of the Rajasuya sacrifice, in procession" [3] . The Kekayas, Madras and Kambojas from north are stated to have sided with king Jarasandha of Magadha and had participated in

903-572: The Malavas is not certain, but modern scholars generally connect them with the " Malli " or "Malloi" mentioned in the ancient Greek accounts, which describe Alexander 's war against them. At the time of Alexander's invasion in the 4th century BCE, the Malloi lived in present-day Punjab region , in the area to the north of the confluence of the Ravi and the Chenab rivers. Later, the Malavas (or at least

SECTION 20

#1732771976900

946-464: The Pandavas when they were banished into woods along with other Pandava allies viz Vasudeva Krishna , Dhristadyumna and Dhrishtaketu (3–12,22,51,120), (5,55). The five Kekaya brothers who battled on the Kauravas side in Kurukshetra War is mentioned at many places (5–61,83,144). At (5,22) is mentioned:- deposed from the throne of the Kekaya land, and desirous of being reinstated thereon,

989-1099: The Surasenas, the Sivis, and the Vasatis, the Salwas, the Matsyas, the Amvashtas, the Trigartas, and the Kekayas, the Sauviras , the Kitavas, and the dwellers of the Eastern, Western, and the Northern countries,--these twelve brave races protected the Kaurava generalissimo, Bhishma. (6,18) At some places in Mahabharata , people of Avanti is mentioned as Kekayas. This could be an oral-transmission error crept into Mahabharata, or

1032-707: The Vasatis, the Salwakas , the Amvashthas, and the Trigartas as allies of Duryodhana at (5,30). The Kekayas on the Kaurava side marched under Drona along with Vinda and Anuvinda, both of Avanti and the Vahlikas . (5,198). 100 Kekaya brothers were generals in the Kaurava army along with others like Vinda and Anuvinda, of Avanti (6,16). The camp of the Kekayas used to have loud sound of song and slapping of palms which their soldiers, engaged in dance and revelry, used to make. (7,84) The Kekaya brothers, were all of

1075-489: The capital of the Kekayas lay beyond river Sudama which flowed some distance westwards from the Vitasta or Jhelum river. Prince Bharata, son of princess Kekayi, while going to Kekaya country from Ayodhya had to cross river Vitasta and then after crossing river Sudama, he reached the land of the Kekayas. Kekaya is mentioned as an ancient Indian kingdom at (6,9). There was a ruler of the Kekayas, named Sahasrachitya and he

1118-652: The capital of the distinct Avanti kingdom. This Malava king was defeated by the Pushyabhuti king Rajyavardhana around 605 CE, as attested by Banabhatta's Harshacharita as well as the Pushyabhuti inscriptions. The distinction between these Malava and Ujjain regions is also found in the writings of the 9th century Muslim historian Al-Baladhuri , who states that Junayd , the Arab governor of Sindh , raided Uzain (Ujjain) and al-Malibah (Malava) around 725 CE. From

1161-546: The chest. Thereupon, the latter, thus struck in the chest, fell down from his car, slain. (7,122).(8,5) Karna slew Visoka, the son of the ruler of the Kaikayas. Upon the slaughter of the Kaikaya prince, the commander of the Kaikaya division, Ugrakarman, rushed with speed and striking Prasena, Karna's son. Then Karna, with three crescent-shaped arrows, cut off the arms and the head of his son’s assailant. (8,82) The Abhishahas,

1204-578: The direct descendants of Yayati 's son Anu. Sibi or Sivi is stated to be son of Usinara The same tradition is also furnished by other Puranic texts like Vayu Purana and Matsya Purana as well. The Anavas, derived from Anu, were a tribe of the Rigvedic period and are said to belong to the Iranians . Pāṇini refers to the Kaikeyas or Kekayas in his Ashtadhyayi and mentions their land as

1247-445: The five mighty brothers from that land, wielding mighty bows, are now following the Pandavas ready to fight. The Panchalas and the Matsyas, along with the very herdsmen that attend on their kins and sheep, are rejoicing and gladdening Yudhishthira (5–50,53). Only one Kekaya brother is on Pandavas side. The five royal brothers of Kekaya, accepted the Kekaya warriors (on Dhritarashtra’s side) as antagonists. And in their share are included

1290-443: The hue of Indragopaka insects (mix of red and black colors) (5,141). All of them had purple flags (5,57). The five Kekaya brothers, resembling (in hue) the insects called Indragopakas, had red coats of mail, red weapons and red banners. (7,10). The five Kekaya brothers were borne by steeds of deep red hue. They were of the splendour of gold and had standards of the red hue, and were decked with chains of gold (7,23). The Kekaya brother

1333-490: The king of Ayodhya . She was a Kekaya princess, and the daughter of Ashwapati. Ramayana testifies that the capital of Kekayas lay beyond river Sudama. River Sudama has been identified with river Saranges of Arrian which flowed also flowed through Kekians. The Vedic texts do not mention name of the capital of Kekaya but Ramayana does inform us that the Kekaya metropolis was Rajagriha or Girivraja. which A. Cunningham has identified with Girjak or Jalalpur on river Jhelum in

Kekeya kingdom - Misplaced Pages Continue

1376-414: The mighty car-warrior Vrihatkshatra became filled with joy (7,104). Vrihadkshatra and others rushed against Ashwatthama (7,198). The mighty car-warrior of the Kaikeyas, Vrihatkshatra the eldest of five brothers, rushed against Drona, the generalissimo of the Kauravas. He baffled Drona's Brahma weapon with his Brahmna weapon. Drona, with a third shaft well-shot from his bow, pierced Vrihatkshatra himself in

1419-586: The name of their mother, Malavi. Although Malavas are not specifically mentioned by Panini, his sutra V.3.117 mentions a group of tribes called ayudhajivi samgha s (those who live by the profession of arms) and the Kashika includes the Malavas and the Kshudrakas in this group of tribes. The Malavas are also mentioned in the Mahabhashya (IV.1.68) of Patanjali . The location of the original homeland of

1462-644: The rainy season by the Malayas, and those Malayas fled at the mere roar (of my approaching) as it were, and were all made prisoners of the Uttamabhadra warriors. In the 4th century CE, during the reign of the Gupta emperor Samudragupta , the Malavas most probably lived in Rajasthan and western Malwa. The Allahabad Pillar inscription of Samudragupta names the Malavas among the tribes subjugated by him: (Lines 22–23) ( Samudragupta , whose) formidable rule

1505-456: The rites of the forest mode, at the command of Vyasa. (15,19) The Kekaya brothers (six each) who fought the Kurukshetra War, on the side of Pandavas as well as on the side of Kauravas, belonged to the next generation of Kekaya's royal family. The foremost of them was Vrihatkshatra, the eldest of the brothers who sided with the Pandavas. He was described as a king of Kekaya. He had a son named Visoka , who also fought in Kurukshetra War. Not much

1548-624: The ruler of the Kaikeyas. (6,45). Excellent steeds of the Sindhu breed, of beautiful limbs, and of the hue of the smoke of straw, quickly bore the Kaikeya prince, Vrihatkshatra. (7,23). Vrihatkshatra and others rushed against Drona (7,33). The mighty car-warrior among the Kaikeyas, viz., Vrihatkshatra, incessantly scattering keen shafts that resembled the thunder in force, proceeded towards Drona; then Kshemadhurti of great fame quickly rushed against Vrihatkshatra (7,103). Having slain his foe, Kshemadhurti,

1591-536: The sons of Kunti's sister Srutakirti, wedded to Kekaya king Dhristaketu. Srutakirti, who was also a sister of Vasudeva , and Dhristaketu were also the parents of Bhadra, who married her cousin, Krishna . Kunti's sister Srutadevi was wedded to the Karusha king Vriddhasarma, whose son was Dantavakra . Kunti's sister Srutasravas was married to the Chedi king Damaghosha whose son was Shishupala . Kunti's sister Rajadhidevi

1634-463: The throne of the Kuru capital, Hastinapura . He then retired to woods. Then Satayupa, received king Dhritarashtra with due rites. Accompanied by him, the latter proceeded to the retreat of Vyasa . Arrived at Vyasa’s retreat, Dhritarashtra received his initiation into the forest mode of life. Returning he took up his abode in the retreat of Satayupa. The high-souled Satayupa, instructed Dhritarashtra in all

1677-492: Was a part of the Maitraka kingdom. Like Banabhatta, he describes Ujjayini ("Wu-she-yen-na") as a distinct territory, but unlike Banabhatta, he locates Malava to the west of Ujjayini. The 7th century Aihole inscription of the Chalukya king Pulakeshin II , who defeated the Malavas, also locates them in present-day Gujarat. The 9th century Rashtrakuta records state that their emperor Govinda III stationed governor Kakka in

1720-434: Was circumstantially inclined to ally with the Pandavas. Besides this, the 6 Kekaya brothers were sons of the sister of Kunti , the mother of the Pandavas, making them cousins. In the Kurukshetra War, the Kekaya brother fought against his own kinsmen, viz the other 5 Kekaya brothers who sided with Duryodhana. There are several references to Kaikeyi in the epic Ramayana . Kaikeyi was one of the three queens of Dasharatha ,

1763-545: Was married to the Avanti king. ( Bhagavata Purana , Canto 9, Chapter 24 (The history of Yadavas), Verses 37–40) Bhagavata Purana attests that the prince of Kekaya along with princes from Matsya, Kosala , Vidharbha, Kuru , Srnjaya, Kamboja , Uśīnara , Madra, Kunti, Anarta, Kerala was present at Samanta-pancaka in Kurukshetra at the occasion of the solar eclipse. [2] . Bhagavata Purana also testifies that

Kekeya kingdom - Misplaced Pages Continue

1806-407: Was propitiated with the payment of all tributes, execution of orders and visits (to his court) for obeisance by such frontier rulers as those of Samataṭa , Ḍavāka , Kāmarūpa , Nēpāla , and Kartṛipura , and, by the Mālavas, Ārjunāyanas , Yaudhēyas , Mādrakas , Ābhīras , Prārjunas, Sanakānīkas, Kākas, Kharaparikas and other ( tribes )." The Aulikaras who ruled in the Malwa region may have been

1849-438: Was the grandfather of king Satayupa, who was the contemporary of Kuru king Dhritarashtra . Abdicating his kingdom to his eldest son, king Sahasrachitya retired into the woods. (15,20) Satayupa was the great king of the Kekayas. Having made over the sovereignty of his kingdom to his son he had come into the woods. Kuru king Dhritarashtra, after the Kurukshetra War was over, installed the victorious Pandava king Yudhishthira , on

#899100