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24-747: Khumalo may refer to Khumalo clan , African clan Khumalo gang , former armed group in the Joe Slovo section in South Africa Alf Khumalo (1930–2012), South African photographer Bongani Khumalo (born 1987), South African footballer Doctor Khumalo (born 1967), retired South African soccer player Fred Khumalo (born 1966), South African journalist and author Kelly Khumalo (born 1984), South African singer and actress Leleti Khumalo (born 1970), Zulu South African actress Lobengula Khumalo (1845–1894), second and last king of

48-927: A militaristic system with regimental kraals , similar to those of Shaka; under his leadership, the Matabele became strong enough to repel the Boer attacks of 1847–1851 and persuade the government of the South African Republic to sign a peace treaty with Mzilikazi in 1852. While Mzilikazi was generally friendly to European travellers, he remained mindful of the danger that they posed to his kingdom. In later years he refused some visitors access to his realm. The Europeans who met Mzilikazi included Henry Hartley , hunter and explorer; Robert Moffat , missionary; John Mackenzie , missionary; David Hume , explorer and trader; Andrew Smith , medical doctor, ethnologist and zoologist; William Cornwallis Harris , hunter; and

72-475: A side, and this they postponed for as long as they could. To please the Ndwandwe, Mashobana – a Khumalo chief – married the daughter of the Ndwandwe chief Zwide and sired a son, Mzilikazi . The Ndwandwes are amaNguni aseMbo, though all spoke a very similar language (all Nguni languages are similar). When Mashobane did not tell Zwide about patrolling Mthethwa amabutho (soldiers), Zwide had Mashobana killed, and

96-552: A tribe to the north of the Khumalo, belonging to one Raninsi a Sotho. After the defeat of Raninsi, Mzilikazi refused to hand over the cattle to Shaka. Shaka, loving Mzilikazi, did nothing about it. His generals however, long disliking Mzilikazi, pressed for action, and thus a first force was sent to teach Mzilikazi a lesson. The force was soundly beaten by Mzilikazi's 500 warriors, compared to the Zulus' 3,000 warriors (though Mzilikazi had

120-560: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Khumalo clan Until the rise of Zwide and the Ndwandwes, life was a simple affair and the Khumalos located at Mkhuze had the best that the land which would become Zululand had to offer: plenty of water, fertile soil and grazing ground. But the Khumalos in the early nineteenth century would have to lose their neutrality and choose

144-584: The Bakwena territory in the northwestern Transvaal , near Rustenburg . At the time the Bakwena were struggling to repel repeated attacks from a neighbouring king, who laid claim to the territory that they occupied. Nkulumane assisted the Bakwena by leading his impi in a battle in which Nkulumane himself killed the neighbouring chief. Following this victory, the Bakwena convinced Nkulumane to settle in their territory, arguing that it would be futile to return to

168-583: The Limpopo River . He decided to split his group in two. One of these groups moved north under military leader by Nkulumane, Mzilikazi's first born son, and Gundwane Ndiweni , who conducted a section of the Ndebele across the Limpopo without Mzilikazi. Further attacks caused Mzilikazi to move again, at first westwards into present-day Botswana and then later northwards towards what is now Zambia . He

192-642: The Zulu king, Shaka . In his autobiography, David Livingstone referred to Mzilikazi as the second most impressive leader he encountered on the African continent. Mzilikazi was originally a lieutenant of Shaka . He left Zululand during the period largely known as mfecane with a large kraal of Shaka's cattle. Shaka had originally been satisfied that Mzilikazi had served the Zulu nation well and he rewarded Mzilikazi with cattle and soldiers. But after some time King Shaka of

216-626: The Griqua lands near the Ghaapse mountains. He used scorched earth methods to maintain a safe distance from all surrounding kingdoms. The death toll has never been satisfactorily determined, but it is believed that the region was so depopulated that the Voortrekkers were able to occupy and take ownership of the Highveld area without opposition in the 1830s. Voortrekkers began to arrive in

240-969: The Ndebele people Marwick Khumalo (living), member of the House of Assembly of Swaziland Mbongeni Khumalo (born 1976), South African performance poet and writer Moses Khumalo (1979–2006), South African jazz saxophonist Mzi Khumalo (born 1955), South African businessman and mining entrepreneur Mzilikazi Khumalo (ca. 1790–1868), founding king of the Ndebele people Nomalanga Khumalo (living), Zimbabwean politician Ntombifuthi Khumalo , South African soccer coach Sibusiso Khumalo (footballer, born 1989) (born 1989), South African footballer Sibusiso Khumalo (footballer, born 1991) (born 1989), South African footballer Sibongile Khumalo (1957–2021), South African singer Thabiso Khumalo (born 1980), South African footballer Usimaka Walter Khumalo (born 1972), South African footballer See also [ edit ] Kumalo Topics referred to by

264-610: The Transvaal where Mzilikazi was king for 10 years. Voortrekkers discover that there was gold in Johannesburg area in 1836. This resulted in several confrontations of which Mzilikazi won several, until at length the Voortrekkers over powered Mzilikazi. The battle took two years during which the Matabele suffered heavy losses. By early 1838, Mzilikazi and his people were forced northwards and out of Transvaal altogether, across

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288-635: The Transvaal. He attacked the Ndzundza kraal at Esikhunjini, where the Ndzundza king Magodongo and others were kidnapped and subsequently killed at the Mkobola river. For the next ten years, Mzilikazi dominated the Transvaal. Mzilikazi eliminated all opposition and reorganised the captured territory to suit the new Matabele order. In 1831, after winning a battle against the Griqua people , Mzilikazi occupied

312-587: The Zulu Kingdom as his father's enemies would probably kill him. Nkulumane settled and lived with his family in that area until his death in 1883. His grave, covered in a concrete slab, is on the outskirts of Rustenburg in Phokeng. The site of Nkulumane's grave is incongruously referred to as Mzilikazi's Kop , even though it is his son who is buried there. After resuming his role as king, Mzilikazi founded his nation at Ntabazinduna mountain and his first capital

336-519: The Zulu Kingdom, assassinated the twins of Mzilikazi's sister— Ntombizodwa Ka Mashobana, who was later was known as Mafakašane. This led to a greater division between Mzilikazi and Shaka. It is unclear if Mzilikazi stole Shaka's cattle or if he raided them from neighbouring tribes. He first travelled to Mozambique but in 1826 he moved west into the Transvaal due to continued attacks by his enemies. He absorbed many members of other tribes as he conquered

360-469: The chiefs who had chosen him were put to death on his orders. A popular belief is that they were executed by being thrown down a steep cliff on the hill now called Ntabazinduna [ hill of the chiefs ]. Another account claims that Nkulumane was not killed with the chiefs, but was sent back to the Zulu Kingdom with a sizeable delegation which included warriors. During his journey south, he passed through

384-574: The cover of the mountains). This made Mzilikazi the only warrior to have ever defeated Shaka in battle. Mzilikazi was the soul King of the Ndebele the ultimate power and giver of power in the kingdom Shaka did not seem to mind, but he reluctantly sent his veteran division, the Ufasimbi , to rid themselves of Mzilikazi and the embarrassing situation. Mzilikazi, left with only three hundred warriors who were grossly out-numbered, and betrayed by his brother, Zeni, who had wanted Mzilikazi's position for himself,

408-457: The defeat of Zwide was collected by Mzilikazi. Hence, when Zwide was defeated Shaka rightly acknowledged he could not have done it without Mzilikazi and presented him with an ivory axe . There were only two such axes – one for Shaka and one for Mzilikazi. Shaka himself placed the plumes on Mzilikazi's head after Zwide was vanquished. The Khumalos returned to peace in their ancestral homeland. This peace lasted until Shaka asked Mzilikazi to test

432-700: The leadership of the Khumalo fell to Mzilikazi. Mzilikazi immediately did not trust his grandfather, Zwide, and took fifty warriors to join Shaka . Shaka was overjoyed because the Khumalos would be useful spies on Zwide and the Ndwandwes. After a few battles, Shaka gave Mzilikazi the extraordinary honour of being chief of the Khumalos and to remain semi-independent from the Zulu, if Zwide could be defeated. This caused immense jealousy amongst those who had been with Shaka for many years, but as warriors none such as Shaka had realised their equal in Mzilikazi. All intelligence for

456-574: The missionary explorer David Livingstone . After he was defeated by the Voortrekker Boers in Transvaal during the tribe's wanderings north of the Limpopo, Mzilikazi became separated from the bulk of the tribe. They gave him up for dead and hailed his young heir Nkulumane as his successor. However, Mzilikazi reappeared after a traumatic journey through the Zambezi Valley and reasserted control. According to one account, his son and all

480-514: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Khumalo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khumalo&oldid=1251482484 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Surnames Surnames of South African origin Hidden categories: Short description

504-550: Was a Southern African king who founded the Ndebele Kingdom now called Matebeleland which is now part of Zimbabwe . His name means "the great river of blood". He was born the son of Mashobane kaMangethe near Mkuze , Zululand (now known as KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa ), and died at Ingama , Matabeleland (near Bulawayo , Zimbabwe). Many consider him to be the greatest Southern African military leader after

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528-620: Was at Inyathi where he ended up meeting his old friend Robert Moffat whom he had met in the Transvaal Republic when he was coming from Kuruman which was the year when his son (Nkulumane) was born, Inyathi was abandoned in 1859 when one of his senior wives, Queen Loziba, died. His next capital was established at Mhlahlandlela in Matopo District where he is buried. This became his second and last capital until he died at eNqameni near Gwanda on September 5, 1868. In 1970,

552-779: Was defeated. From there the Khumalos would be scattered across southern Africa, some becoming the Sotho , and some joining other groups such as the Tswana , but the vast majority remained Zulu and Mthwakazi. "Mthwakazi" is what the Ndebeles call themselves. "Matabele" is a name originating from white settlers, itself coming from "Tebele", a name given to all Zulus by the Sotho at that time. The Ndebeles are Mthwakazi, drawing strength and wisdom from King Mzilikazi. Mzilikazi Mzilikazi Moselekatse, Khumalo ( c. 1790 – 9 September 1868)

576-432: Was unable to settle the land there because of the prevalence of tsetse fly which carried diseases fatal to oxen. Mzilikazi therefore travelled again, this time southeastwards into what became known as Matabeleland (situated in the southwest of present-day Zimbabwe ) and settled there in 1840 where he reunited with the splinter group led by Ndiweni and Nkulumane Mzilikazi. After his arrival, he organised his followers into

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