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33-525: The mountain, which can be seen from afar, is a landmark of Kreuztal and is the second highest in the city after the Hoher Wald ( 656.4 m (2,153 ft 6 + 1 ⁄ 2  in)). The Kindelsberg observation tower and the Kindelsberg transmission tower are located on its summit region with the Kindelsberg ring fortress. The mountain has been a popular hiking and excursion destination since

66-595: A knight's castle, and some even believed they could recognize Roman ramparts. In 2017, the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe (LWL) determined from drilling samples that the ramparts even date back to the pre-Roman Iron Age , i.e. the Celts. However, according to some locals, it is also possible that the name comes from the mountain of the Christ child and was later shortened to Kindelsberg because of

99-418: A landmark is furthermore defined as an external point of reference that helps orientation in a familiar or unfamiliar environment. Landmarks are often used in verbal route instructions ("Turn left at the big church and then right over the bridge.") Landmarks are usually classified as either natural landmarks or human-made landmarks, both are originally used to support navigation on finding directions. A variant

132-742: Is a seamark or daymark , a structure usually built intentionally to aid sailors navigating featureless coasts. Natural landmarks can be characteristic features, such as mountains or plateaus . Examples of natural landmarks are Mount Everest in the Himalayas , Table Mountain in South Africa, Mount Ararat in Turkey, Uluru in Australia, Mount Fuji in Japan and the Grand Canyon in

165-499: Is a fertile breeding ground for all sorts of legends, especially about the old prehistoric hillfort, the original meaning of which is probably more guessed than known. This is probably why many singing and gymnastic festivals took place on the mountain. According to legend , there was once a knight's castle, the Kindelsburg, on the Kindelsberg. The remains of a rampart still exist. Old quarry stone walls and earthen ramparts became

198-700: Is crisscrossed by numerous adits . The most famous is the Crown Prince-Friedrich-Wilhelm Mine, which starts in the center of Kreuztal and extends far under the mountain. On the neighboring Ziegenberg (Hölzenberg; 521.1 m) to the northeast are the remains of the Altenberg mine. The first observation towers were built in Germany at the end of the 18th century, initially resembling medieval waiting rooms. Later, simple wooden and iron structures were added. A strong "visual addiction" and

231-572: Is easily recognizable, such as a monument , building, or other structure. In American English it is the main term used to designate places that might be of interest to tourists, due to notable physical features or historical significance. Landmarks in the British English sense are often used for casual navigation , such as giving directions. This is done in American English as well. In urban studies as well as in geography ,

264-1092: The Château Frontenac in Quebec (city) , Place Stanislas in Nancy , the CN Tower in Toronto , the Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw , the Atomium in Brussels , Gateway Arch in St Louis , and the Moai in Easter Island . Church spires and mosque minarets are often very tall and visible from many miles around and thus often serve as built landmarks. Also town hall towers and belfries often have

297-1516: The Colosseum in Rome , Big Ben in London , the Tsūtenkaku in Osaka , the Forbidden City in Beijing , the Great Pyramid in Giza , Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro , Statue of Unity in Narmada , Bratislava Castle in Bratislava , Helsinki Cathedral in Helsinki , the Space Needle in Seattle , the Sydney Opera House in Sydney , the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin ,

330-616: The Hilchenbach districts of Dahlbruch (southeast) and Müsen (east); a few kilometers to the northeast lies the Kirchhundem district of Silberg. The border with Hilchenbach runs about 600 m northeast of its summit, where there is a trigonometric point (617.9 m). The Ferndorfbach stream flows south of the mountain and the Littfe stream flows west. The Kindelsberg belongs to the main natural region group Süder Uplands (No. 33),

363-476: The Kindelsberg Guesthouse . However, the tower can no longer be seen in its original form. In the 1980s, for example, the open viewing platform at a height of 20 meters was replaced by a barred, covered walkway. In addition, antennas were added to the tower and roof, bringing the tower's height to 28 meters. The former appearance can only be guessed at from older Krombacher brewery emblems, as

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396-712: The North Siegerland highlands (331.0) subunit of the Siegerland (331) main unit. To the north of the forested Kindelsberg lies the nature reserve Grubengelände und Wälder bei Burgholdinghausen ( CDDA no. 163392; designated in 1991; 1.38 km² ) with the local fauna and flora habitat area Grubengelände Littfeld (FFH no. 4914–303; 42 ha ) and to the southeast the nature reserve Loher Tal (CDDA no. 318746; 1986; 82 ha). The Rothaar Mountains (SI) landscape conservation area (CDDA no. 555550027; 299.42 km²) extends to its northeastern highlands. The Kindelsberg

429-740: The Siegerland region with the Westerwald (south) and the Rothaar Mountains (northeast) beyond and across to the Ebbe Mountains (northwest). In good weather, you can see as far as the Sieben Mountains (west-southwest) near Bonn , about 40 miles (65 km) to the southwest. Until the Kindelsberg transmission tower was completed, all transmission and reception systems were located on the observation tower: From

462-584: The Table Mountain near Cape Town , South Africa was used as a landmark to help sailors to navigate around the southern tip of Africa during the Age of Exploration . Artificial structures are also sometimes built to assist sailors in navigation. The Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Colossus of Rhodes are ancient structures built to lead ships to the port. In modern usage, a landmark includes anything that

495-676: The 19th century. Kindelsberg is a southwestern foothill of the Rothaar Mountains , which are part of the Rhenish Slate Uplands . It rises in the northern part of the Siegerland as part of the Sauerland- Rothaar Mountains Nature Park in the community of Kreuztal between its districts of Littfeld (northwest), Krombach (west) and Eichen (west-southwest), the center of Kreuztal (south), the district of Ferndorf (southeast) and

528-530: The Grubenstraße in this Kreuztal district, leads to the heights of Kindelsberg near the summit. About 320 meters northeast of the summit is the Kindelsberg parking lot , from which a steep path leads to the Kindelsberg tower and the Kindelsberg guesthouse. The mountain is accessible via forest and hiking trails. Since 2007, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the tower, there is a 14.6 km Kindelsberg Trail with 24 information stations where you can explore

561-500: The Kindelsberg Tower was laid on Ascension Day, 1906. Siegen 's city planning officer, Scheppig, was responsible for planning and supervising the construction, while Krombach builder Eduard Burbach carried out the construction. All the building materials had to be hauled up the mountain by oxen and horse-drawn wagons, and the stone was quarried from a nearby ridge. The costs were covered mainly by donations. On May 26, 1907,

594-701: The Kindelsberg tower, you can see the Nordhelle transmitter (DVB-T, DAB, VHF) and the Ederkopf transmitter (VHF, DAB). In addition, the Ebbe Mountains transmitter (analog ZDF and WDR television until 2007) and the Siegen-South transmitter (formerly DAB) can be seen to the south. The Siegen-Giersberg transmitter is behind mountains when seen from the Kindelsberg tower, so it has no line of sight and therefore no fiber optic connection. The observation tower

627-638: The Rabenhain Tower near Siegen-Volnsberg in 1896. The construction of an observation tower on the Kindelsberg was first discussed at a meeting of the Krombach section of the Sauerland Mountain Association ( SGV ) on March 30, 1896. In 1904, a building committee of club members was formed. In 1905, this committee abandoned an earlier plan for a wooden or iron frame tower in favor of a quarry stone structure. The cornerstone of

660-504: The United States. Trees might also serve as local landmarks, such as jubilee oaks or conifers . Some landmark trees may be named, such as Queen's Oak , Hanging Oak and Centennial Tree . Bases of fallen trees, known in this context as rootstocks , are used as navigational aids on high-resolution maps and in the sport of orienteering . Because most woods have many fallen trees, generally only very large rootstocks are mapped. In

693-738: The VHF III band and the UHF band (as a feed for other TV converters). There is a fiber optic connection to the Siegen-Giersberg transmitter (VHF, DVB-T, DAB), a radio relay link to the Nordhelle transmitter, and various radio links to other mobile radio transmitters ( O₂ , E-Plus , Vodafone ). Since the discontinuation of analog television, only analog radio (FM) has been broadcast from the Kindelsberg transmission tower: [MHz] [kW] round (ND)/directional (D) horizontal (H)/vertical (V) A narrow private road from Littfeld, which joins

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726-576: The area. On September 8, 2007, TV Eichen organized the 25th Kindelsberg race, which is part of the Rothaar running series. The route leads from Eichen up the mountain. Landmark A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation , a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern day use, the term can also be applied to smaller structures or features, that have become local or national symbols . In old English

759-525: The desire for untamed nature triggered a "lookout tower boom". Impressive monuments were erected to commemorate great days in German history, such as the "Kaiser Wilhelm" and "Bismarck" towers. The first observation towers and church pulpits were also built in the Siegerland region. The Gilberg Tower near Siegen-Eiserfeld was built in 1888, followed by the Giller Tower near Hilchenbach-Lützel in 1892 and

792-402: The long spelling. In 1998, the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe published a study by Philipp R. Hömberg that was based on unpublished documents of the soil scientist Heinz Behagels from the year 1933. According to this study, the remains of an up to three-meter-wide dry-stone wall as part of the former rampart front were found about two meters in front of the present rampart crest. There

825-667: The main unit Rothaar Mountains (with Hochsauerland ) (333), and the sub-unit Westrothaarhöhen (333.4) of the natural area Brachthäuser High Forest Mountains (333.40, see section in the Rothaar Mountains article ). To the east, its landscape falls into the Hilchenbacher Winkel subunit (331.1). It also descends to the south into the Nördliches Siegener Bergland (331.01) and to the west into the Littfelder Grund (331.00), which belong to

858-461: The many visitors, it was considerably enlarged to become a large mountain inn "with an architecture based on the log cabin style of the Alpine countries". The new building was completed in 1971 with the second phase of construction. A kitchen extension was built in 1990 and a terrace extension in 1996. The building is no longer just a hiker's hostel, but a respectable guesthouse for hikers and tourists -

891-985: The modern sense, landmarks are usually referred to as monuments or prominent distinctive buildings, used as the symbol of a certain area, city, or nation . Some examples are Tokyo Tower in Tokyo , the White House in Washington, D.C. , the Statue of Liberty and Empire State Building in New York City , the Eiffel Tower in Paris , Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow , the Lotte World Tower in Seoul ,

924-428: The tower is part of the company's emblem. On the occasion of the 75th-anniversary celebration, which took place on May 20, 1982, with thousands of hikers, the brewery placed a commemorative plaque on the tower. The 100th anniversary of the tower, now a protected monument , was celebrated on May 17, 2007. From the Kindelsberg tower, you can see the villages around the mountain in the center of Kreuztal. You can also see

957-412: The tower, which was 22 meters high at the time, was inaugurated in front of a large crowd. The Kindelsberg tower was topped by an iron "lantern" and surrounded at the base by a covered walkway with a small lounge. In 1953, to better serve the hikers, a log cabin made of spruce trunks with a quarry stone base was erected in place of a small shelter. In 1968, when it was no longer able to meet the demands of

990-459: The word landmearc (from land + mearc (mark)) was used to describe a boundary marker , an "object set up to mark the boundaries of a kingdom, estate, etc.". Starting from around 1560, this understanding of "landmark" was replaced by a more general one. A landmark became a "conspicuous object in a landscape". A landmark literally meant a geographic feature used by explorers and others to find their way back or through an area. For example,

1023-404: Was a level strip ("berm") between the wall and the ditch. Inside the castle, charcoal and red burnt clay were found, probably the remains of a burnt wooden structure. Mining was once carried out on and around the Kindelsberg. As a result, the local mining district of Müsen, including the neighboring Martinshardt (616.1 m) to the east, which was one of the most important in the Siegerland region,

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1056-542: Was largely cleared of antennas, except for the T-Mobile supply and the radio relay. The Kindelsberg transmitter tower of the West German Broadcasting Service ( WDR ) is located only 60 meters northeast of the Kindelsberg summit. It was built in the 1990s and served as an important transmitter for analog television for a long time. The FM radio station WDR 5 , whose frequency (97.6 MHz)

1089-479: Was previously transferred to this tower from the Siegen-Giersberg transmitter in the south-southeast, was broadcast from there; among others, 1LIVE, WDR2, WDR3 and WDR4 are broadcast from there. On February 11, 2021, the frequency was moved back to the Giersberg transmitter for cost reasons. Until it was shut down on November 12, 2007, the tower was used to transmit the analog television channel Das Erste (ARD) in

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