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28-554: Kerman is the capital city of Kerman Province, Iran. Kerman or Kirman may also refer to: Kerman Kerman was founded as a defensive outpost, with the name Veh-Ardashir , by Ardashir I , founder of the Sasanian Empire , in the 3rd century AD. After the Battle of Nahāvand in 642, the city came under Muslim rule. At first, the city's relative isolation allowed Kharijites and Zoroastrians to thrive there, but

56-469: A Saharan erg , with dunes 300 metres (980 ft) high, among the tallest in the world. According to one study, more than half of the desert's surface is covered by volcanic rocks . Evaporites can be observed during hot periods. Around 2500 BC, a flourishing civilization existed in this area. The ancient city of Shahdad was located on the western edge of the Lut desert. And on the eastern side, there

84-465: A pile was made out of 20,000 detached eyeballs and poured in front of the victorious Agha Mohammad Khan. Many women and children were sold into slavery, and in 90 days the city turned into ruins. However, the Zoroastrians of Kerman who had been strong supporters of Lotf Ali Khan suffered the wrath of the founder of Qajar dynasty the most during this period. The present city of Kerman was rebuilt in

112-415: Is a low plateau covered with salt flats with lowest elevations around 110 m above sea level (30.398609 N, 58.493041 E). In contrast, the center has been sculpted by the wind into a series of parallel ridges and furrows, extending over 150 km (93 mi) and reaching 75 metres (246 ft) in height. This area is also riddled with ravines and sinkholes . The southeast is a vast expanse of sand, like

140-546: Is a salt desert located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan-Baluchestan , Iran . It is the world's 33rd-largest desert , and was included in UNESCO 's World Heritage List on July 17, 2016. The name is derived from 'Lut' which means bare and empty in Persian and 'dasht' which means plain in Persian . The surface of its sand has been measured at temperatures as high as 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), making it one of

168-590: Is celebrated every year in Kerman. Also, the archeological ancient areas of Jiroft and Tappe Yahya Baft are located south of Kerman. Rayen Castle is also located in Rayen town, southeast of Kerman. Some of the handicrafts and souvenirs of the province of Kerman are traditional embroidery known as pateh , carpets, rugs, jajeems, kilims (a coarse carpet), satchels, and other hand woven articles. Caraway seeds and pistachios from Rafsanjan, Zarand, and Kerman are best of

196-539: Is considered one of Iran's main airports. It has daily and weekly flights to Tehran , Ahwaz , Yazd , Esfahan , Bandar Abbas , Mashhad and Shiraz . Also, the Trans-Iranian Railway passes through this city. Kerman's newly built bus terminus , Adineh, opened in May 2013. Kerman's Metro had been approved by the government cabinet and was meant to cover large parts of the metropolitan area in Kerman, but

224-463: Is cooler, ranging from 45 °C (113 °F) to 55 °C (131 °F) in the daytime during summer. The precision of these measurements was between 0.5 K and 1 K. The highest land surface temperature in Dasht-e Lut is recorded at Gandom Beryan, a large plateau covered in dark lava, approximately 480 square kilometres (190 sq mi) in area. According to local legend,

252-452: Is located at latitude 30.29 and longitude 57.06. Kerman has a cold desert climate ( BWk , according to the Köppen climate classification ), with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is scarce throughout the year. The city's many districts are surrounded by mountains. The northern part of the city is located in an arid desert area, while the highland of the southern part of

280-448: Is located in the Kerman's Fire Temple, showcasing the ancient history of Zoroastrians. The idea of launching the museum along with the library of Kerman's Zoroastrian Society came to light in 1983, when the head of the society, Parviz Vakhashouri, and the former head of the library, Mehran Gheibi, collected cultural heritage artifacts of Kerman's Zoroastrian community. These two officials added many other objects to this collection. The museum

308-577: Is located on a high margin of Kavir-e Lut ( Lut Desert ) in the south-central part of Iran. The city is surrounded by mountains. Kerman is also located along the Saheb Al Zaman mountain. The city is 1,755 m (5,758 ft) above sea level , making it third in elevation among provincial capitals in Iran. Winter brings very cold nights to Kerman. Mountains in the south and southeast Jftan Joopar and Plvar and Kerman have snow all year round. Kerman

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336-658: Is mostly based on farming, notably nut farming and also mining. Pistachios are an important part of the economy in Kerman. Carpet weaving is one of the main industries of the city, and the carpets produced there are renowned internationally. Carpet weaving is a very old tradition in Kerman. The oldest carpet discovered in Kerman, dates from about 500 years ago. Cotton textiles and goats-wool shawls are also manufactured. A number of modern establishments such as textile mills and brickworks also have been constructed. The province's mineral wealth includes copper and coal. The only Iranian anthropology museum dedicated to Zoroastrianism

364-545: Is one of the largest of these desert basins, 480 kilometers (300 mi) long and 320 kilometers (200 mi) wide, and is considered to be one of the driest places on Earth. The area of the desert is about 51,800 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi), the largest in Iran after Dasht-e Kavir . During the spring wet season, water briefly flows down from the Kerman mountains , but it soon dries up, leaving behind only rocks, sand, and salt. The eastern part of Dasht-e Lut

392-661: The Azadegan League . Kerman is the media hub of the Kerman Province . Newspapers are published in the city, such as Kerman Emruz ( Kerman Today ) and Bidari . Hadis–Pasargad is a weekly newspaper. Kerman has a 24-hour TV channel known as the Kerman Channel or Channel 5. The city also has a radio station. Kerman is on the Tehran, Bandar Abbas and Zahedan route . Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani Airport

420-540: The Safavid dynasty . Carpets and rugs were exported to England and Germany during this period. In 1793 Lotf Ali Khan defeated the Qajars , and in 1794 he captured Kerman. But soon after he was besieged in Kerman for six months by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar . When the city fell to Agha Mohammad Khan, angered by the popular support that Lotf Ali Khan had received, many of the male inhabitants were killed or blinded, and

448-519: The 19th century to the northwest of the old city, but the city did not return to its former size until the 20th century. The people of Kerman are Persians , and most are Muslim . Kerman is a religious conservative city. Kerman has a small Zoroastrian minority. The population of the city in 1996 was 385,000. At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 496,684 in 127,806 households. The following census in 2011 counted 534,441 people in 147,922 households. The 2016 census measured

476-524: The Kharijites were wiped out in 698, and the population was mostly Muslim by 725. Already in the eighth century the city was famous for its manufacture of cashmere wool shawls and other textiles. The Abbasid Caliphate 's authority over the region was weak , and power passed in the tenth century to the Buyid emirs . The region and city fell to Mahmud of Ghazni in the late tenth century. The name Kerman

504-476: The capital city of Iranian dynasties several times during its history. It is located on a large, flat plain, 800 km (500 mi) south-east of Tehran , the capital of Iran. Some of these figures are estimates only, official census results are indicated with (¹). ¹ official census results Northwest = Anar /North = Ravar /Northeast = Shahdad /West = Rafsanjan /Center = Kerman/South = Jiroft /Southwest = Sirjan /Southeast = Mahan /East = Bam Kerman

532-446: The city enjoys a more moderate climate. The city of Kerman has a moderate climate. The average annual rainfall is 148 mm. Otherwise, its climate is relatively cool (by Iranian standards). For Iranian paleontologists , Kerman has always been considered a fossil paradise. The discovery of new dinosaur footprints in 2005 renewed hopes for a better understanding the history of this area. Politics in Kerman are influenced by

560-540: The former President Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani , his brother and Vice President Mohammad Hashemi Rafsanjani and Hossein Marashi , both from nearby Rafsanjan . Mohammad Javad Bahonar was born in Kerman. He was an Iranian scholar, Shiite theologian and politician who served as the Prime minister of Iran from 15   to 30   August 1981 when he was assassinated by Mujahedin-e-Khalq (MEK). The economy of Kerman

588-564: The late Islamic era were identified. Twenty-three of these sites are assigned to the Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age . The hottest land surface on Earth recorded by the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer installed on NASA 's Aqua satellite from 2003 to 2010 was in Dasht-e Lut, with land surface temperatures reaching 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), though the air temperature

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616-558: The main items of this province. The city is home to athletic teams representing different sports. Mes Kerman is the major football team of the city. It was promoted to Iran's top league, the Persian Gulf Pro League , in the 2005–06 season. The team is named after and sponsored by Kerman's copper industries. This team has a history of participating in the AFC Champions League . The team now competes in

644-413: The population of the city as 537,718 people in 162,677 households. It is the largest and most developed city in the province and one of the most important cities in southeastern Iran. It is also one of the largest cities of Iran in terms of area. Kerman is famous for its long history and strong cultural heritage . The city is home to many historic mosques and Zoroastrian fire temples . Kerman has been

672-480: The project's operations were cancelled due to several issues. In May 2016, during Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi 's trip to Iran, agreement was signed to develop two berths at Port of Chabahar and to build new Chabahar–Zahedan railway, as part of North–South Transport Corridor , by Indian Railways ' public sector unit Ircon International . Dasht-e Lut The Lut Desert , widely referred to as Dasht-e Lut ( Persian : دشت لوت , "Emptiness Plain"),

700-584: The world's driest and hottest places. Iran is climatically part of the Afro-Asian belt of deserts, which stretches from Mauritania all the way to Mongolia . The patchy, elongated, light-colored feature in the foreground (parallel to the mountain range) is the northernmost of the Dasht dry lakes that stretch southward 300 kilometers (190 mi). Iran's geography consists of a plateau surrounded by mountains and divided into drainage basins . Dasht-e Lut

728-423: Was a large, 200 ha (490 acres), ancient city today called Shahr-e Sukhteh or Burnt City, on the former, now dry, Helmand River . The Lut area is an important region for Iranian archaeology. Recently, an extensive archaeological survey was conducted on the eastern flank of Kerman range and close to the western fringes of Lut Desert. As a result, eighty-seven ancient sites dating from the fifth millennium BC to

756-557: Was adopted at some point in the tenth century. Under the rule of the Seljuk Turks in the 11th and 12th centuries, Kerman remained virtually independent, conquering Oman and Fars . When Marco Polo visited Kerman in 1271, it had become a major trade emporium linking the Persian Gulf with Khorasan and Central Asia . Subsequently, however, the city was sacked many times by various invaders. Kerman expanded rapidly during

784-417: Was officially inaugurated during Jashn-e Tirgan in 2005 by Iran's Cultural Heritage , Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHHTO). Jashn-e Tirgan or Tiregan is an ancient Iranian rain festival observed on July 1. The festivity refers to archangel Tir (literally meaning arrow) or Tishtar (lightning), who appear in the sky to generate thunder and lightning for providing much-needed rain. The Sadeh ceremony

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