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17-557: It was founded in 1858 as the fortress and stanitsa of Krymskaya ( Кры́мская ), named after the Crimean Cossack Regiment. It was the first capital of the Greek Autonomous District , between 1930 and 1932. The stanitsa was granted town status and given its present name a century later, in 1958. The town's railway station, however, retains the name Krymskaya . Krasnodar Krai experienced

34-414: A flash flood on July 7, 2012, after heavy rains. About 275 millimeters (10.8 in) of rain fell over the region. State television reported that it was an equivalent of three-to-four months' worth of rainfall in a typical year. In the hilly area, water formed torrents that rushed into towns. One of the worst known calamities in modern times in this region, the flood killed more than 150 people; 140 of

51-663: The Cossack peoples who lived in the Russian Empire . Each stanitsa contained several villages and khutirs . An assembly of landowners governed each stanitsa community. This assembly distributed land, oversaw institutions like schools, and elected a stanitsa administration and court. The stanitsa administration consisted of an Ataman , a collection of legislators, and a treasurer . The stanitsa court made judgements regarding "petty criminal and civil suits". All inhabitants, except for non-Cossacks, were considered members of

68-521: The Red Army 's Southern Front issued an order renaming the stanitsas to generic volosts , or counties. Local revolutionary committees assisted in this, passing resolutions in parallel to destroy the stanitsa as a social unit. The Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine lists the specific end date of the existence of the traditional stanitsa as 1920. Later in the Soviet Union, the term stanitsa

85-659: The 1917 October Revolution in Russia, a new Soviet regime took power. Beginning in 1919, the Soviet regime pursued a policy of genocide and systematic repression against Cossacks known as De-Cossackization . The policy aimed at the elimination of the Cossacks as a distinct collectivity by exterminating the Cossack elite, coercing all other Cossacks into compliance and eliminating Cossack distinctness. As part of this policy,

102-576: The Soviet forces sought to erase Cossack administrative structures, especially of the Don Cossacks. The purpose of this was to "deny Cossacks any Don structure as a point of identification and to 'dilute' the Cossack population by appending portions of neighboring non-Cossack provinces". This included distinctly Cossack names for administrative units, as the Cossacks were fond of these names "as markers of their distinctiveness from peasants." The Soviets sought to erase these identities. On 20 April 1919,

119-586: The deaths occurred in Krymsk. Subsequently, the Russian government declared a day of mourning on July 9, 2012. Tsunami -like waves of several meters were reported, although the nearest sea coast (that of the Black Sea ) is located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) southwest of Krymsk, and there are mountains between Krymsk and the sea. The Russian government acknowledged that town authorities were aware of

136-680: The hosts were named after the regions of their location. The stanitsa , or village, formed the primary unit of this organization. In the Russian Empire (1721-1917), the Cossacks constituted twelve separate hosts, settled along the frontiers: There was also a small number of the Cossacks in Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk , who would form the Yenisey Cossack Host and the Irkutsk Cossack Regiment of

153-791: The largest and most important in Russia or any part of the former Soviet Union . Of the 9,000 accessions of Prunus, about 5,000 to 6,000 are wild species and forms, 500 to 1,000 local varieties, and 2,000 to 3,000 cultivars and breeding materials. The station is also known for the creation of fruit-tree rootstocks , which are named after the town + a number (e.g. Krymsk 1, Krymsk 2, etc.) Stanitsa A stanitsa or stanitza ( / s t ə ˈ n iː t s ə / ; Russian : станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ), also spelled stanycia ( станиця [stɐˈnitsʲɐ] in Ukrainian ) or stanica ( станіца [stɐˈɲitsɐ] in Belarusian ),

170-520: The north. The main fighter regiment at the base has gone through a series of re-organizations and re-designations: The base is now part of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Command . Krymsk is known for its experimental plant-breeding station, which holds important scientific collections of, among other crops, green peas, sweetcorn, tomatoes, peppers, aubergines (eggplants), cucumbers, apples, plums, peaches, pears, apricots, strawberries, and melon. The station's stone fruit and quince collections are

187-492: The rising waters at 10 pm on Friday night, but failed to notify the Krymsk residents of the approaching flood. Russian officials admitted this failure was a major error. Within the framework of administrative divisions , Krymsk serves as the administrative center of Krymsky District , even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Krymsk —an administrative unit with

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204-412: The stanitsa. Non-Cossacks were required to pay a fee to use the local land owned by the stanitsa. The stanitsa was first an administrative unit in the 18th century. In the late 18th century, when the Cossack peoples largely lost their autonomy within the empire, they still kept self-governance at the level of the stanitsa; each stanitsa was still allowed to elect its own assembly. In the aftermath of

221-642: The status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , the Town of Krymsk, together with the khutor of Verkhneadagum in Nizhnebakansky Rural Okrug of Krymsky District, is incorporated within Krymsky Municipal District as Krymskoye Urban Settlement . Krymsk has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ). The town has an air base which is located 3.0 miles (4.8 km) to

238-483: Was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host , a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire . The Russian word is the diminutive of the word stan ( стан ), which means "station" or "police district". It is distantly related to the Sanskrit word sthāna ( स्थान ), which means "station", "locality", or "district". The stanitsa was a unit of economic and political organisation of

255-584: Was an administrative subdivision of Cossacks in the Russian Empire . Earlier the term viisko ( host ) referred to Cossack organizations in their historical territories, most notable being the Zaporozhian Host of Ukrainian Cossacks . Each Cossack host consisted of a certain territory with Cossack settlements that had to provide military regiments for service in the Imperial Russian Army and for border patrol operations. Usually

272-619: Was reorganized into the town Sunzha . The town Stanytsia Luhanska in Ukraine , originally founded by Cossacks, still has stanytsia in its name. This Russian history –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Ukrainian history –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cossack host A Cossack host ( Ukrainian : козацьке військо , romanized :  kozatske viisko ; Russian : каза́чье во́йско , kazachye voysko ), sometimes translated as Cossack army ,

289-590: Was used after 1929 to refer to rural settlements on former Cossack land that were governed by soviet councils . In modern Russia , the administration classifies a stanitsa as a type of rural locality in these federal subjects of Russia : The most populous stanitsa in modern Russia is Kanevskaya in Krasnodar Krai (44,800 people in 2005). Formerly, the most populous stanitsa was Ordzhonikidzevskaya in Ingushetia (61,598 people in 2010), but in 2016 it

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