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54-476: 82 / 141   (58%)     Social Democratic Party of Lithuania     Order and Justice     Labour Party     Mixed Group ( Lithuanian Peasants Popular Union ) (2009–2010) The Second Kubilius Cabinet was the 15th cabinet of Lithuania since 1990. It consisted of the Prime Minister and 13 government ministers (14 after

108-536: A Marxist political party in Lithuania began early in 1895, with a number of informal gatherings bringing together social democrats of various stripes resulting in a preparatory conference in the summer of that year. Differences in objectives became clear between ethnic Jews and ethnic Lithuanians and Poles , with the former seeing themselves essentially as Russian Marxists while the latter two groups harboured both revolutionary and national aspirations. Moreover,

162-540: A leading role in the Butkevičius Cabinet , it was criticized by left-wing intellectuals such as Andrius Bielskis and Arkadijus Vinokuras for lacking allegiance to left-wing ideas and for its neoliberal policies, such as reforms to the Labour Code in 2016 which strengthened the position of employers in workplace relations. In 2017, after Gintautas Paluckas was elected as the party's chairman, LSDP declared

216-651: A place in the opposition until 2001, when the collapse of the ruling coalition between Liberals and New Union allowed ex-President Algirdas Brazauskas to form a government with New Union. In 2001, the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania and the Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania merged. The merged party kept the Social Democratic name, but was dominated by former Democratic Labour Party members (ex-Communists). After

270-486: A renewal of its ideology and values, reforming closer to a Western social democratic party. It introduced a new program, in which it affirmed commitment to progressive taxation , encouragement of worker cooperatives , women's rights and LGBT rights , and support for NATO and the European Union , while at the same time opposing European austerity policies. Several of the party's former leaders and members of

324-658: A result of the 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis , the Ivorian Popular Front was expelled in March 2011, in accordance with section 7.1 of the statutes of the Socialist International. These decisions were approved at the subsequent SI Congress in Cape Town in 2012 in line with section 5.1.3 of the statutes. These were long term ruling parties of one-party states that were overthrown in the protests of

378-604: A successor to the Labour and Socialist International , it has antecedents in the late 19th century. The organisation currently includes 132 member parties and organisations from over 100 countries. Its members have governed in many countries, including most of Europe. In 2013, a schism in the SI led to the establishment of the Progressive Alliance . The current secretary general of the SI is Benedicta Lasi of Ghana and

432-619: Is the oldest extant party in Lithuania . During the time of the Soviet Union , the party went into exile, emerging once again after the end of communist rule in 1989. The party led a government in the unicameral Seimas , Lithuania's parliament from 2001 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2016. It has been the ruling party of Lithuania since 2024 . The party is a member of the Party of European Socialists (PES), Progressive Alliance , and Socialist International . Initial discussions about forming

486-512: The 1926 Lithuanian coup d'état . The authoritarian regime of Antanas Smetona banned all political parties in 1936. During the Soviet occupation era, no democratically constituted political parties existed within Lithuania. Therefore, between 1945 and the 1989 restoration of independence, the party was assembled and worked covertly in exile. In 1989, the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania

540-567: The Arab Spring . On 22 May 2013 the Social Democratic Party of Germany along with some other current and former member parties of the SI founded a rival international network of social-democratic parties known as the Progressive Alliance , citing the perceived undemocratic and outmoded nature of the SI, as well as the Socialist International's admittance and continuing inclusion of undemocratic political movements into

594-422: The Butkevičius Cabinet started its work on 13 December 2012. The following ministers served on Kubilius Cabinet. Social Democratic Party of Lithuania The Social Democratic Party of Lithuania ( Lithuanian : Lietuvos socialdemokratų partija , abbr. LSDP ) is a centre-left and social democratic political party in Lithuania . Founded as an underground Marxist organisation in 1896, it

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648-748: The Communist International ("Comintern"), the Third International, at a meeting in Moscow . Some parties did not want to be a part of the resurrected Second International (ISC) or Comintern. They formed the International Working Union of Socialist Parties (IWUSP, also known as Vienna International, Vienna Union, or Two-and-a-Half International) on 27 February 1921 at a conference in Vienna . The ISC and

702-942: The Contras after such support was banned by Congress . In the late 1970s and in the 1980s the SI had extensive contacts and discussion with the two leading powers of the Cold War period, the United States and the Soviet Union , on issues concerning East–West relations and arms control. The SI supported détente and disarmament agreements, such as SALT II, START and INF . They had several meetings and discussion in Washington, D.C. , with President Jimmy Carter and Vice President George Bush and in Moscow with Secretaries General Leonid Brezhnev and Mikhail Gorbachev . The SI's delegations to these discussions were led by

756-869: The Finnish Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa . Since then, the SI has admitted as members an increasing number of parties and organisations from Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America (see below for current list). Following the Tunisian Revolution , the Constitutional Democratic Rally was expelled from the SI in January 2011; later that month the Egyptian National Democratic Party was also expelled; and as

810-532: The Homeland Union -led government. On 7 March 2009, the party's congress elected a new leader, Algirdas Butkevičius . He was the party's candidate at the 2009 Lithuanian presidential election , coming in second place with 11.83% of the vote. At the 2012 parliamentary elections , the party took 38 seats and became the largest party in Parliament (although it lost in popular vote). Butkevičius became

864-630: The Israeli embassy. Roth, the chair of the Bundestag Foreign Affairs Committee and member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany , commented that "an alliance with an anti-semitic party is incompatible with [Social Democratic] values", and urged the LSDP to reconsider their choice if they desired to remain within the Party of European Socialists . LSDP is generally described as a centre-left party. Historically,

918-690: The Ministry of Energy was re-established in 2009). The coalition consisted of the Homeland Union , National Resurrection Party (which suffered a split with both factions leaving the coalition by 2010), Liberal Movement , and the Liberal and Centre Union (which was later joined by a faction of the National Resurrection Party). After the parliamentary elections in October , President Valdas Adamkus appointed Andrius Kubilius ,

972-723: The Polish and Lithuanian Uprising of 1863 , the Tsarist regime had banned publication of all newspapers which used the Latin alphabet , a measure which amounted to a de facto ban of the entire Lithuanian press. This proscription extended for the rest of the 19th Century; in 1898 of 18 newspapers appearing in Lithuanian, 11 were published by Lithuanians in emigration in America and the other 7 were published in East Prussia. The LSDP

1026-522: The Social Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania . After this split, the party lost a lot of support, but in 2019 it partly recovered. At the 2020 parliamentary elections , the party achieved worse results than expected. Due to this, Gintautas Paluckas received criticism from party's board and resigned in 2021. After a leadership election , Vilija Blinkevičiūtė (between 2002 and 2006 she was New Union (Social Liberals) member)

1080-733: The Swedish Social Democratic Party – or downgraded their membership to observer status – for example, the British Labour Party and the Norwegian Labour Party (DNA). These parties now concentrate their international links on the Progressive Alliance, with the SI's focus now increasingly being on the global south. For a long time, the Socialist International remained distant from Latin America, considering

1134-497: The Union of Democrats "For Lithuania" . The founder of Dawn of Nemunas, Remigijus Žemaitaitis , is known for making antisemitic statements, and his party's inclusion sparked backlash from Lithuanian civil society groups, as well as from lawmakers and ambassadors abroad, including US Senate Foreign Relations Committee chair Ben Cardin , German MPs Roderich Kiesewetter and Michael Roth , Polish senator Michał Kamiński , and

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1188-474: The prime minister , forming a coalition government with the Labour Party , Order and Justice and Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance . At the 2016 parliamentary elections , the party took 21 seats and formed a coalition with Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union . In 2017, the Social Democratic Party withdraw from coalition. In 2018, some party members left and formed

1242-634: The 141 seats in the Seimas (other 11 seats were won by the New Union), but managed to stay at the helm of successive coalition governments, including the minority government between 2006 and 2008 . During the minority government, party's parliamentary group became the largest one in parliament, mainly due to defections from the Labour Party and the New Union (Social Liberals). Brazauskas resigned as

1296-545: The 1990s, it was joined by non-socialist parties that took note of the economic power of the European countries governed or to be governed by their partners across the Atlantic and calculated the benefits they could derive from it. During this period, "the Socialist International works in a clientist way; some parties come here to rub shoulders with Europeans as if they were in the upper class," says Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, one of

1350-658: The Chilean left was "the first challenge worthy of the name, against Washington, of an International which, until then, had done everything to appear subject to American strategy and NATO". Subsequently, notably under the leadership of François Mitterrand , the SI supported the Sandinistas in Nicaragua and other movements in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras in their struggle against US-supported dictatorships. In

1404-893: The IWUSP joined to form the Labour and Socialist International (LSI) in May 1923 at a meeting in Hamburg . The rise of Nazism and the start of World War II led to the dissolution of the LSI in 1940. The Socialist International was formed in Frankfurt in July 1951 as a successor to the LSI. During the post- World War II period, the SI aided social democratic parties in re-establishing themselves when dictatorship gave way to democracy in Portugal (1974) and Spain (1975) . Until its 1976 Geneva Congress,

1458-592: The SI had few members outside Europe and no formal involvement with Latin America . In the 1980s, most SI parties gave their backing to the Nicaraguan Sandinistas (FSLN), whose democratically elected left-wing government was subject to a campaign to overthrow it backed by the United States , which culminated in the Iran–Contra affair after the Reagan administration covertly continued US support for

1512-619: The Seimas left the party in 2017 and 2018, including two former Prime Ministers, Gediminas Kirkilas and Algirdas Butkevičius . Most of them then established the Social Democratic Labour Party, later renamed to the Lithuanian Regions Party . However, this renewal was also criticized as incomplete and straddling the fence between progressiveness and the party's previous non-ideological populism . After Paluckas' resignation, Vilija Blinkevičiūtė

1566-466: The campaign, she declined the role after the election, leading instead to the nomination of deputy chair Gintautas Paluckas. This unexpected change in leadership was criticized by the LSDP's potential coalition partners. After the election, further controversy arose when the Social Democrats invited the newly created nationalist party Dawn of Nemunas to join the ruling coalition, along with

1620-531: The central organisers of the new political entity—and the future President of Lithuania, Kazys Grinius , as well as a number of worker activists. Also in attendance as a representative of the radical youth movement was an 18-year-old ethnic Pole named Felix Dzerzhinsky , later the head of the Soviet secret police . As Lithuania was then part of the Russian Empire , the LSDP was inevitably an illegal organisation, meeting in secret and seeking to bring about

1674-602: The chairman of the party on 19 May 2007 and was replaced by Gediminas Kirkilas . At the 2008 elections the party won 11.73% of the national vote and 25 seats in the Seimas , five more than in the previous elections. However, its coalition partners, the Labour Party , the New Union (Social Liberals) and the Lithuanian Peasants Popular Union, fared poorly and the party ended up in opposition to

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1728-567: The country to avoid being swept up in the Okhrana's dragnet. With the party leadership jailed or chased from the country, the LSDP very nearly ceased to exist as the 19th century drew to a close. From 1900 to 1902 the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania began to tentatively rise from the ashes behind a new crop of young revolutionaries. Chief among these were a pair of Lithuanian students in Vilnius, Vladas Sirutavičius and Steponas Kairys. It

1782-900: The current president of the SI is the prime minister of Spain , Pedro Sánchez , both of whom were elected at the last SI Congress held in Madrid, Spain, in November 2022. The International Workingmen's Association , also known as the First International, was the first international body to bring together organisations representing the working class . It was formed in London on 28 September 1864 by socialist, communist and anarchist political groups and trade unions. Tensions between moderates and revolutionaries led to its dissolution in 1876 in Philadelphia . The Second International

1836-588: The end of decade, LSDP increased their support in Radviliškis District Municipality (probably, at expense of Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP)). After merger of these two parties, LSDP gained support from most supporters of LDDP. In early 2010s, the party lost support due to deindustrialisation, rise of public election committees and Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union (e. g. in Kaunas by 2011 got over 12 per cent of votes, but in 2019

1890-544: The ethnic Poles and Lithuanians saw themselves divided over the question of alliance with non-Marxist liberals. As a result, not one but three Marxist political organisations would emerge in Lithuania between 1895 and 1897. The Social Democratic Party of Lithuania (LSDP) was founded on 1 May (19 April O.S.) 1896 at a secret congress held in an apartment in Vilnius . Among the 13 delegates were Andrius Domaševičius and Alfonsas Moravskis —a pair of intellectuals regarded as

1944-499: The former Communist Party of Lithuania (which had broken away from Moscow in 1989) began. Members of the party opposing the merger left to establish "Social democracy 2000" (later renamed " Social Democratic Union of Lithuania "). The SDPL-LDDP coalition won 51 of the 141 seats in the elections in 2000 (with 19 going to the Social Democrats). However, despite success in the elections, the coalition parties had to settle for

1998-510: The government once again lost its majority in the Seimas . Despite an economic crisis and the unpopular austerity measures that the government implemented to face it, the cabinet became the first government of Lithuania since independence to serve the full four-year term of the Tenth Seimas , returning its mandate on 16 November 2012 after the elections to the Seimas in October . The government continued to serve in an acting capacity until

2052-538: The leader of the Homeland Union , as the Prime Minister on 28 November 2008. Kubilius had previously headed the 10th cabinet between 1999 and 2000. The 15th cabinet received its mandate and started its work on 9 December 2008, after the Seimas gave assent to its program. The coalition, which formed on 17 November 2008 and supported the government named itself the "Coalition of Change". In first two months of 2010 National Resurrection Party dissenters formed

2106-430: The merger, Algirdas Brazauskas was elected leader of the Social Democratic Party. By the beginning of 2004 negotiations between the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania and various other parties to form electoral coalition. They managed to form electoral coalition called "Working for Lithuania" with their coalition partners, New Union. At the 2004 legislative elections , the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania won 20 of

2160-542: The neoliberal model (1990–1994) and to which, until 2002, Álvaro Uribe will belong". In the following decade, many left-wing parties that came to power (in Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and El Salvador) preferred to keep their distance from the SI. The logo is the fist and rose , based on the 1977 design by José María Cruz Novillo for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party , itself a variant of

2214-421: The new Christian Party . By this time, the government lost its majority and had to rely on support from the Lithuanian Peasants Popular Union , which lasted up until October of the same year, when the coalition once again got a majority. In September 2011 the National Resurrection Party merged with the Liberal and Centre Union , which reduced the number of parties in the coalition from four to three. By April 2012

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2268-441: The organization. For example, the SPD objected to the continued presence of the Sandinista National Liberation Front and the delayed ouster of the Tunisian Democratic Constitutional Rally and Egyptian National Democratic Party . After the 2012 Congress, the SI underwent major changes as many of the large European parties allowed their membership to lapse – for example the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and

2322-550: The party received just over 3 per cent of the votes). Social Democratic Party of Lithuania won 17 seats in the 2016 election, but the party split in October 2017. 9 members of the party were subsequently removed from the party. Socialist International The Socialist International ( SI ) is a political international or worldwide organisation of political parties which seek to establish democratic socialism , consisting mostly of social democratic political parties and labour organisations. Although formed in 1951 as

2376-403: The party was criticized for lacking commitment to social democracy . According to political scientist Ainė Ramonaitė  [ lt ] , "before their split, the Social Democrats never managed to be a left-wing party. Although they said they were, their policies were right-wing, even the vocabulary was closer to the right." During the Eleventh Seimas from 2012 to 2016, when the party played

2430-432: The party's program was in favor of same-sex partnerships. The Left Alliance was founded in 2022 in response to the Social Democrats' alleged betrayal of left-wing values. The party supports lowering voting age to 16 in local elections. In early 1990s, the party had between 3 and 5 per cent support nationally. It got most support from areas with light industry (e. g. Marijampolė , Vilkaviškis , Miklusėnai ). By

2484-447: The region as a zone of influence of the United States . For example, it did not denounce the coup d'état against Socialist President Jacobo Árbenz in Guatemala in 1954 or the invasion of the Dominican Republic by the United States in 1965 . It was not until the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that "a world we did not know" was discovered, explained Antoine Blanca, a diplomat for the French Socialist Party . According to him, solidarity with

2538-410: The representatives of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (Mexico) at the SI. It is home to "the very centrist Argentinean Radical Civic Union (UCR); the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which was not very democratically in power for seventy years; the Colombian Liberal Party —under whose governments the left-wing formation Patriotic Union (1986–1990) was exterminated—introduced

2592-533: The revolutionary overthrow of the Tsarist regime. The LSDP was a dual language organisation, publishing its illegal newspapers both in Lithuanian and Polish . Newspapers were published abroad, printed in East Prussia (or sometimes Switzerland or France ) and smuggled across the border. Technical assistance was occasionally provided by the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania party, headed by Julian Marchlewski . This smuggling of Lithuanian newspapers had historical antecedents. Following

2646-447: Was elected as LSDP's new chairman. The party's program was retained, and conservative former party members such as Artūras Skardžius were not accepted back into the party. However, the party has since focused most on criticism of the Homeland Union and progressive economic proposals over social justice and social reforms. 5 of 13 of the party's members of the Seimas voted against a proposed same-sex partnership law in 2021, even though

2700-403: Was elected as the new leader. After election of Blinkevičiūtė, the party's support nearly doubled thanks to her personal popularity. In the 2024 parliamentary elections , the party achieved a "historic victory", finishing in first place with 19.32% of the popular vote and 52 out of 141 seats. While party chair Vilija Blinkevičiūtė had expressed her willingness to serve as prime minister during

2754-411: Was formed in Paris on 14 July 1889 as an association of the socialist parties. Differences over World War I led to the Second International being dissolved in 1916. The International Socialist Commission (ISC), also known as the Berne International, was formed in February 1919 at a meeting in Bern by parties that wanted to resurrect the Second International. In March 1919, Communist parties formed

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2808-446: Was restored. Kazimieras Antanavičius was elected to be party's leader. The party had 9 seats in the Supreme Council – Reconstituent Seimas and was not successful in substantially increasing the number in the following elections, with 8 seats won in 1992 and 12 in 1996 . In 1999, the party's congress elected a new leader, Vytenis Andriukaitis and merger negotiations with the Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP)–the bulk of

2862-408: Was the first Lithuanian political party and one of the major parties who initiated the assembly called Great Seimas of Vilnius in 1905. The party was one of the major political powers during the Lithuanian independence period between 1918 and 1940. Following the election of 1926, the party formed a left-wing coalition government with Lithuanian Peasant Popular Union. This government was dismissed after

2916-428: Was very nearly obliterated at birth by the Okhrana , which over the course of 1897 to 1899 managed to arrest a number of the party's leading activists. Approximately 280 socialist and trade union organisers were apprehended during this period, with subsequent trials leading to the Siberian exile of more than 40 people, including Domaševičius and Dzerzhinsky. Other top leaders, including Moravskis, were forced to flee

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