Kulai is a town and the capital of Kulai District, Johor , Malaysia. It is administered by the Kulai Municipal Council (MPKu), which was earlier known as the Kulai District Council.
135-570: Kulai is surveyed as one of the happiest cities in Malaysia in June 2020. Kulai is located 29 km (18 mi) from Johor Bahru city and 8 km (5.0 mi) from Skudai . It is located in the center of the district. Kulai town and other towns within this district are located along the old trunk road linking Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. The main road, Federal Route 1 , is lined with many retail shops. There are also many housing estates within
270-568: A haze over the region, and is a major source of pollution, along with open burning, motor vehicle emissions, and construction. Kuala Lumpur was administered by a corporation sole called the Federal Capital Commissioner from April 1, 1961, until it was awarded city status in 1972, after which executive power transferred to the Lord Mayor ( Datuk Bandar ). 14 mayors have been appointed since then. The current mayor
405-528: A Federal Territory on 1 February 2001, as well as the seat of the federal government. The administrative and judicial functions of the government were shifted from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya . Kuala Lumpur however still retained its legislative function , and remained the home of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Constitutional King). From the 1990s onwards, major urban developments in the Klang Valley extended
540-633: A Sultan after he met Queen Victoria . He managed to regain Kesang territory for Johor after a civil war with the aid of British forces and he boosted the town's infrastructure and agricultural economy. Infrastructure such as the State Mosque and Royal Palace was built with the aid of Wong Ah Fook, who had become a close patron for the Sultan since his migration during the Temenggong reign. As
675-764: A commercial housing development without informing the state government. Other historical religious buildings include the Arulmigu Sri Rajakaliamman Hindu Temple , Sri Raja Mariamman Hindu Temple, Gurdwara Sahib and Church of the Immaculate Conception . The Danga Bay is a 25 kilometres (16 mi) area of recreational waterfront. There are around 15 established golf courses, of which two offer 36-hole facilities; most of these are located within resorts. The city also features several paintball parks which are also used for off-road motorsports activities. The Johor Zoo
810-728: A considerable amount of rain, and high humidity throughout the course of the year. An equatorial climate is a tropical rainforest climate more subject to the Intertropical Convergence Zone than the trade winds and with no cyclone . Daily average temperatures range from 26.4 °C (79.5 °F) in January to 27.8 °C (82.0 °F) in April with an average annual rainfall of around 2,350 mm (93 in). The wettest months, with 19 to 25 percent more rain than average, are April, November and December. Although
945-838: A dispute between the Malays and the Bugis , the Johor-Riau Sultanate was split in 1819 with the mainland portion of the Johor Sultanate coming under the control of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim while the Riau-Lingga Sultanate came under the control of the Bugis. The Temenggong intended to create a new administration centre for the Johor Sultanate to create a dynasty under the entity of Temenggong. As
1080-581: A further series of bombings by the Japanese on 29 January, the British retreated to Singapore and blew up the causeway the following day as a final attempt to stop the Japanese advance in British Malaya. The Japanese then used the Sultan's residence of Bukit Serene Palace located in the town as their main temporary base for their future initial plans to conquer Singapore while waiting to reconnect
1215-477: A large extent by Chinese businessmen such as Loke Yew , who was then the richest and most influential Chinese in Kuala Lumpur. The growth of the rubber industry led to an influx of foreign capital and planters, with new companies and industries becoming established in Kuala Lumpur, and other companies previously based elsewhere also found a presence here. During World War II , Kuala Lumpur was captured by
1350-684: A local Malay politician who later became the Chief Minister of Johor , formed the United Malay National Organisation party on 11 May 1946 when the Malays expressed their widespread disenchantment over the British government 's action for granting citizenship laws to non-Malays in the proposed states of the Malayan Union . An agreement over the policy was then reached in the town with Malays agreeing with
1485-457: A month. Kuala Lumpur is highly prone to severe thunderstorms and lightning strikes. The Klang Valley , including Kuala Lumpur, is one of the places where thunderstorms are most frequently observed on Earth. Floods are frequent in Kuala Lumpur after heavy downpours, especially in the city centre, because irrigation structure lags behind the intense development in the city. Smoke from forest fires in nearby Sumatra and Kalimantan sometimes casts
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#17327901685811620-596: A museum after serving for 100 years since the British colonial era. Sultan Abu Bakar State Mosque, located along Skudai Road, is the main and the oldest mosque in the state. It was built with a combination of Victorian , Moorish and Malay architectures. The Johor Bahru Old Chinese Temple , located on the Trus Road, dedicated to the Five Patron Deities from the five Southern Chinese Clans ( Hokkien , Teochew , Hakka , Cantonese & Hainanese ) in
1755-515: A number of private college campuses and one polytechnic operating in the city; these are Crescendo International College , KPJ College, Olympia College, Sunway College Johor Bahru , Taylor's College and College of Islamic Studies Johor. The Johor State Library, also known as the Johor Public Library Corporation headquarters is the main library in the state, located off Yahya Awal Road. Another public library branch
1890-770: A railway line terminating at the Southern Integrated Gateway. The main bus terminal of the city is the Larkin Sentral located in Larkin . Other bus terminals include Taman Johor Jaya Bus Terminal and Ulu Tiram Bus Terminal. Larkin Sentral has direct bus services to and from many destinations in West Malaysia, southern Thailand and Singapore, while Taman Johor Jaya and Ulu Tiram Bus Terminals serve local destinations. Major bus operators in
2025-446: A serious glut of such property in the region. Occupancy of high-rise accommodation has been predicted to fall to 50 percent, and commercial property to 65 percent, by the end of 2019 due to continued incoming supply. As the capital city of Johor, the city plays an important role in the economic welfare of the entire state's population. There is one member of parliament (MP) representing the single parliamentary constituency ( P.160 ) in
2160-410: A slump. A major outbreak of cholera caused many to flee. The slump lasted until late 1879, when rising prices for tin allowed the town to recover. In late 1881, the town was severely flooded, after a fire that had destroyed the entire town in January. With the town being rebuilt a few times and having thrived, this was due in large to Yap Ah Loy. Yap, together with Frank Swettenham who was appointed
2295-668: A territory of Selangor State Government. In 1974, Kuala Lumpur was split off from Selangor to form the first Federal Territory governed directly by the Malaysian federal government. Its location in the most developed state on the west coast of peninsular Malaysia , which has a wider stretch of flat land than the east coast, has helped it develop faster than other cities in Malaysia. The municipality covers an area of 243 km (94 sq mi), with an average elevation of 81.95 m (268 ft 10 in) highest point being Bukit Nanas at 94 meters above sea level. Protected by
2430-522: A time. Yap Ah Loy also built Kuala Lumpur's first school and a major tapioca mill in Petaling Street , in which the Selangor's Sultan Abdul Samad held an interest. A railway line between Kuala Lumpur and Klang, initiated by Swettenham and completed in 1886, increased access and resulted in rapid growth. The population grew from 4,500 in 1884 to 20,000 in 1890. As development intensified in
2565-656: A trail known as Old Buildings Road; they feature a mixture of Chinese and Indian heritages, reflected by their forms of ethnic business and architecture. The Mawar Handicrafts Centre, a government-funded exhibition and sales centre, is located along the Sungai Chat road and sells various batik and songket clothes. Opposite this is the Johor Area Rehabilitation Organisation (JARO) Handicrafts Centre which sells items such as hand-made cane furniture, soft toys and rattan baskets made by
2700-640: Is Changi Airport in Singapore located 36.3 km from the city centre. Boat services are available to ports in Batam and Bintan Islands in Indonesia from Stulang Laut Ferry Terminal , located near the suburb of Stulang . There are three public hospitals , four health clinics and thirteen 1Malaysia clinics in Johor Bahru. Sultanah Aminah Hospital , which is located along Persiaran Road,
2835-632: Is Kamarulzaman Mat Salleh , who has been in office since 17 April 2023. The local administration is carried out by the Kuala Lumpur City Hall , an agency under the Federal Territories Ministry of Malaysia . It is responsible for public health and sanitation, waste removal and management, town planning, environmental protection and building control, social and economic development, and general maintenance functions of urban infrastructure. Executive power lies with
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#17327901685812970-489: Is RM9,073 (~$ 2,200) as of 2016, growing at a pace of approximately 6% a year. The service sector, comprising finance, insurance, real estate, business services, wholesale and retail trade, restaurants and hotels, transport, storage and communication, utilities, personal services and government services form the largest component of employment, representing about 83.0 percent of the total. The remaining 17 percent comes from manufacturing and construction. The large service sector
3105-423: Is a house gallery built in 1910, known as the house for the former third Chief Minister of Johor, Abdullah Jaafar. The house features old architecture and became the centre for the collection of artefacts related to Johor's cultural history since its renovation in 2000. The Grand Palace is one of the historical attractions in the city, and is an example of Victorian-style architecture with a garden. Figure Museum
3240-589: Is also the owner of the Malaysia International Trade And Exhibition Centre (MITEC), the largest trade and exhibition centre of Malaysia , which is a component of the larger KL Metropolis development situated in the suburb of Segambut . Another notable trend is the increased presence of budget hotels in the city. The major tourist destinations in Kuala Lumpur include the Petronas Twin Towers ,
3375-928: Is also within the Iskandar Development Region (IDR). Foon Yew High School campus of Kulai located in this district to provide Chinese high school education for the local community. The Chinese community in Kulai mainly communicate in Hakka Chinese dialects. There are quite a number of Chinese temples to fulfill the religious needs of the local Chinese community, like Wan Xian Miao Temple (古来萬仙廟) (founded in 1913), Hong Sen Tai Tee Old Temple (古来新港洪仙大帝古廟) (founded in 1891), Yuen Sun Kung Temple (古来云山宫) (founded in 1933) and several other temples. Prominent Temples like Hua Guo Shan Temple (士年纳路口花果山) and Kulai Putuo Village (古来普陀村) are also tourist attraction spots. There are also several churches in Kulai include
3510-691: Is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in Southeast Asia , both in population and economic development. The city serves as the cultural, financial, tourism, political and economic centre of Malaysia. It is also home to the bicameral Parliament of Malaysia (consisting of the Dewan Rakyat and the Dewan Negara ) and the Istana Negara , the official residence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (monarch of Malaysia). Kuala Lumpur
3645-523: Is another historical colonial building since 1886 which ever become the house for the Johor first Menteri Besar Jaafar Muhammad ; it is located on the top of Smile Hill ( Bukit Senyum ). The English College (now Maktab Sultan Abu Bakar ) established in 1914 was located close to the Sungai Chat Palace before being moved to its present location at Sungai Chat Road; some of the ruins are visible at
3780-784: Is considered by some to have been founded by the Malay Chief of Klang , Raja Abdullah, who sent Chinese miners into the region to open tin mines in 1857, although it is unclear who the first settlers were since there were likely settlements at the Gombak-Klang river confluence prior to that in the 1820s. Chinese miners were known to be involved in tin mining up the Selangor River in the 1840s about 16 kilometres (10 miles) north of present-day Kuala Lumpur, and Mandailing Sumatrans led by Raja Asal [ ms ] and Sutan Puasa were also involved in tin mining and trade in
3915-470: Is evident in the number of local and foreign banks and insurance companies operating in the city. Kuala Lumpur is poised to become the global Islamic financing hub with an increasing number of financial institutions providing Islamic financing and the strong presence of Gulf financial institutions such as the world's largest Islamic bank, the Al-Rajhi Bank and Kuwait Finance House . Apart from that,
4050-567: Is generally known in Chinese as Xinshan , meaning "New Mountain" ( Chinese : 新山 ; pinyin : Xīnshān ), as "mountain" may be used to mean "territory" or "land". The name "New Mountain" distinguished it from "Old Mountain" ( Jiushan ), once used to refer to Kranji and Sembawang (in Singapore), where the Chinese first cultivated black pepper and gambier on plantations before relocating to new lands in Johor Bahru in 1855. Due to
4185-602: Is home to the Parliament of Malaysia . The federal Constitution stipulates the three branches of the Malaysian government: the Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches. The Parliament consists of the Dewan Negara (Upper House / House of Senate) and Dewan Rakyat (Lower House / House of Representatives). List of Kuala Lumpur representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat) While DBKL acts as
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4320-422: Is located on Ayer Molek Road, while another court for Sharia law is located on Abu Bakar Road. The Johor (state) Police Contingent Headquarters is located on Tebrau Road. Johor Bahru's Southern District police headquarters, which also operates as a police station, is on Meldrum Road in the city centre. The Johor Bahru Southern District traffic police headquarters is a separate entity along Tebrau Road, close to
4455-522: Is normally written as "baru" in English ( Roman ) characters, today, although the word appears in other place names with several English spelling variants, such as in Kota Bharu , Kelantan, and Pekanbaru , Riau ( Indonesia ). The British preferred to write it as Johore Bahru or Johore Bharu , though the currently-accepted western spelling is Johor Bahru — Johore is only spelt Johor, without
4590-422: Is now identified as Road One. Senai Airport , the international airport which serves Johor is within the municipality. Kulai railway station located nearby the trunk road and served by KTM Intercity Gemas-JB Sentral shuttle train. Johor Bahru Johor Bahru ( Malaysian: [ˈdʒohor ˈbahru] ), colloquially referred to as JB , is the capital city of the Malaysian state of Johor . It
4725-440: Is one of the oldest zoos in Malaysia; built in 1928 covering 4 hectares (9.9 acres) of land, it was originally called "animal garden" before being handed to the state government for renovation in 1962. The zoo has around 100 species of animals, including wild cats , camels, chimpanzees , gorillas , orangutans , and tropical birds. Visitors can participate in activities such as horse riding or using pedalos . The largest park in
4860-808: Is served by two railway stations, which are Johor Bahru Sentral railway station and Kempas Baru railway station . Both stations serve train services to Kuala Lumpur and Singapore. In 2015, a new shuttle train service operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) was launched providing transport to Woodlands in Singapore. The city is served by Senai International Airport located at the neighbouring Senai town and connected through Skudai Highway . Four airlines, AirAsia (and its subsidiaries Indonesia AirAsia and Thai AirAsia ), Firefly , Malaysia Airlines , Batik Air Malaysia and formerly Xpress Air , provide flights domestically as well as international flights to Jakarta Soekarno–Hatta , Surabaya , Hồ Chí Minh City , and Bangkok Don Mueang . The nearest major airport
4995-477: Is the core city of Johor Bahru District , Malaysia's second-largest district by population. As the second-largest national GDP -contributor among the major cities in Malaysia, it forms a part of Iskandar Malaysia , the nation's largest special economic zone , by investment value. The city has a population of 858,118 people within an area of 391.25 km . As the financial centre and logistics hub of southern Peninsular Malaysia , Johor Bahru has been ranked
5130-703: Is the University Park in Kebudayaan Road, while there are other libraries or private libraries in schools, colleges, and universities. Two village libraries are available in the district of Johor Bahru. There are a number of cultural attractions in Johor Bahru. The Royal Abu Bakar Museum located within the Grand Palace building is the main museum in the city. The Johor Bahru Kwong Siew Heritage located in Wong Ah Fook Street housed
5265-408: Is the largest indoor sports centre in the city. Two radio stations have their offices in the city: Best FM (104.1) and Johor FM (101.9). Johor Bahru was once notorious for its relatively high crime rate, compared to other urban areas in Malaysia. In 2014, Johor Bahru South police district recorded one of the highest crime rates in the country with 4,151 cases, behind Petaling Jaya . In 2013,
5400-597: Is the largest public hospital in Johor Bahru as well as in Johor with 989 beds. Another government funded hospital is the Sultan Ismail Specialist Hospital with 700 beds. Another large private health facility is the KPJ Puteri Specialist Hospital with 158 beds. Further healthcare facilities are currently being expanded to improve healthcare services in the city. Many government or state schools are available in
5535-541: Is the main commercial centre for Johor and is located in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle . Tertiary-based industry dominates the economy with many international tourists from the regions visiting the city. It is the centre of financial services, commerce and retail, arts and culture, hospitality, urban tourism, plastic manufacturing, electrical and electronics and food processing. The main shopping districts are located within
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5670-425: Is the south-west Monsoon, which hardly affects the rainfall in Johor Bahru, where winds are from the south and south-west. This occurs between June and September. Johor Bahru has an official demonym where people are commonly referred to as "Johor Bahruans". The terms "J.B-ites" and "J.B-ians" have also been used to a limited extent. People from Johor are called Johoreans. The Malaysian Census in 2010 reported
5805-548: Is well connected with neighboring urban metro regions such as Petaling Jaya via the rapidly expanding Klang Valley Integrated Transit System . Residents of the city can also travel to other parts of Peninsular Malaysia as well as to Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) via rail through KL Sentral . Kuala Lumpur was ranked the 6th most-visited city in the world on the Mastercard Destination Cities Index in 2019. The city houses three of
5940-514: The 15th-busiest port in the world , Tanjung Pelepas . During the reign of Sultan Abu Bakar (between 1886–1895), there was further development and modernisation within the city, with the construction of administrative centres, offices, schools, civic and religious buildings, and railways connecting to Woodlands in Northern Singapore . Along with most of Southeast Asia, Japanese forces occupied Johor Bahru from 1942 to 1945 during
6075-1119: The Bukit Bintang shopping district, the Kuala Lumpur Tower , Petaling Street (Chinatown), the Merdeka Square , the Kuala Lumpur railway station , the House of Parliament building, the National Palace ( Istana Negara ), the National Planetarium , the National Science Centre , the National Art Gallery ( Balai Seni Negara ), the National Theatre ( Istana Budaya ), the National Museum ,
6210-625: The Chinese New Year with the cutting of pigtails and ended with rioting and factional fighting lasting a number of days. The worst rioting on record in Malaysia, however, occurred on 13 May 1969, when race riots broke out in Kuala Lumpur. The so-called 13 May Incident included violent conflicts between members of the Malay and the Chinese communities, the result of Malays' dissatisfaction with their socio-political status. The riots caused
6345-793: The Dow Jones & Company is keen to work with Bursa Malaysia to set up Islamic Exchange Trade Funds (ETFs), which would help raise Malaysia's profile in the Gulf. The city has a large number of foreign corporations and is also host to many multi national companies' regional offices or support centres, particularly for finance and accounting, and information technology functions. Most of the country's largest companies have their headquarters here, and as of December 2007 and excluding Petronas , there are 14 companies that are listed in Forbes 2000 based in Kuala Lumpur. There has been growing emphasis on expanding
6480-477: The Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur , and colloquially referred to as KL , is the capital city and a federal territory of Malaysia . It is the largest city in the country, covering an area of 243 km (94 sq mi) with a census population of 2,075,600 as of 2024 . Greater Kuala Lumpur , also known as the Klang Valley , is an urban agglomeration of 8.8 million people as of 2024. It
6615-593: The Hai San secret society, they fought against a rival secret society, Ghee Hin , whom allied themselves with Raja Mahdi. Raja Asal and Sutan Puasa switched sides to Raja Mahdi, and Kuala Lumpur was captured in 1872 and burnt to the ground. Yap escaped to Klang where he assembled another fighting force and recaptured Kuala Lumpur in March 1873, defeating Raja Mahdi's forces with the help of fighters from Pahang . The war and other setbacks, such as dropping tin prices, led to
6750-409: The Imperial Japanese Army on 11 January 1942. Despite suffering little damage during the course of the battle, the wartime occupation of the city resulted in significant loss of lives; at least 5,000 Chinese were killed in Kuala Lumpur in just a few weeks of occupation by Japanese forces, and thousands of Indians were sent as forced labour to work on the Burma Railway where many died. They occupied
6885-420: The Johor Bahru Central Business District to outlying suburbs: Tebrau Highway and Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway in the northeast, Skudai Highway in the northwest, Iskandar Coastal Highway in the west and Johor Bahru East Coast Highway in the east. Pasir Gudang Highway and the connecting Johor Bahru Parkway cross Tebrau Highway and Skudai Highway, which serve as the middle ring road of
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#17327901685817020-1013: The Kuala Lumpur City Hall authority. For land administration purposes, the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur is divided into eight mukims , and several mukim-level towns ( pekan / bandar ): Kampung Baru Titiwangsa Sentul Maluri Pudu Brickfields Mid Valley City Bukit Tunku Perdana Botanical Gardens and Cenotaph Shamelin Perkasa (partial) Bandar Tun Razak Salak South Bangsar University of Malaya Pantai Dalam Jalan Klang Lama ( Taman Desa ) Bukit Damansara Sri Hartamas and Taman Duta Istana Negara Taman Tun Dr Ismail Kampung Sungai Penchala Sri Petaling Bukit Jalil Bandar Tasik Selatan Sungai Besi Jinjang Segambut Mont Kiara Batu Jalan Ipoh Sentul (partial) Taman Wahyu Wangsa Maju Taman Melati Setiawangsa (partial) Ampang Kampung Datuk Keramat Cochrane (partial) Maluri (partial) Cheras (partial) Taman Connaught Kuala Lumpur
7155-400: The Malaysian government to turn Malaysia into a high income economy nation. Tourism plays an important role in the city's service-driven economy. Many large worldwide hotel chains have a presence in the city. One of the oldest hotels is the Hotel Majestic . Kuala Lumpur is the sixth most visited city in the world , with 8.9 million tourists per year. Tourism here is driven by
7290-453: The National Monument , and religious sites such as the Sultan Abdul Samad Jamek Mosque , Thean Hou Temple and Buddhist Maha Vihara in Brickfields . Kuala Lumpur plays host to many cultural festivals such as the Thaipusam procession at the Sri Mahamariamman Temple . Every year during the Thaipusam celebration, a silver chariot carrying the statue of Lord Muruga together with his consort Valli and Teivayanni would be paraded through
7425-417: The Pacific War . Johor Bahru thus became the post-war cradle of Malay nationalism , and a major political party (known as the United Malays National Organisation , or UMNO) was founded at the Istana Besar of Johor Bahru in 1946. After the formation of modern Malaysia in 1963, Johor Bahru retained its status as state capital, and was eventually granted city status, in 1994. The present area of Johor Bahru
7560-412: The Resident in 1882, were the two most important figures of early Kuala Lumpur with Swettenham credited with its rapid growth and development and its transformation into a major urban centre. The early Chinese and Malay settled along the east bank of the Klang River. The Chinese mainly settled around the commercial centre of Market Square. The Malays, and later Indian Chettiars and Muslims, resided in
7695-421: The Royal Museum , the National Textile Museum , Islamic Arts Museum , Telekom Museum , Royal Malaysian Police Museum , the National Mosque of Malaysia ( Masjid Negara ), Federal Territory Mosque ( Masjid Wilayah ), Sultan Abdul Samad Building , DBKL City Theatre ( Panggung Bandaraya ), Medan Pasar , Central Market , KL Bird Park , KL Butterfly Park , Aquaria KLCC , Saloma Link ( Pintasan Saloma ),
7830-798: The Titiwangsa Range in the east and Indonesia's Sumatra Island in the west, Kuala Lumpur is sheltered from strong winds and has a tropical rainforest climate ( Köppen climate classification Af ), hot, humid and sunny, with abundant rainfall, especially during the northeast monsoon season from October to March. Temperatures tend to remain constant. Maximums hover between 32 and 35 °C (90 and 95 °F) and sometimes topping 38 °C (100.4 °F), while minimums hover between 23.4 and 24.6 °C (74.1 and 76.3 °F) and have never fallen below 17.8 °C (64.0 °F). Kuala Lumpur typically receives at least 2,600 mm (100 in) of rain annually; June to August are relatively dry, but even then rainfall typically exceeds 131 millimetres (5.2 in)
7965-445: The Tun Razak Exchange (TRX) , formerly known as Kuala Lumpur International Financial District (KLIFD). The TRX's landmark and prominent building is The Exchange 106 tower. The 70-acre development will be situated in the heart of Kuala Lumpur and will serve international finance and business opportunities. The new financial hub is a strategic enabler of the Malaysian government's Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) , an initiative by
8100-669: The Ulu Klang region before 1860, and Sumatrans may have settled in the upper reaches of Klang River in the first quarter of the 19th century, or possibly earlier. Kuala Lumpur was originally a small hamlet of just a few houses and shops at the confluence of the Sungai Gombak and Sungai Klang ( Klang River ). Kuala Lumpur became established as a town c. 1857 , when Raja Abdullah bin Raja Jaafar, aided by his brother Raja Juma'at of Lukut , raised funds from Malaccan Chinese businessmen to hire Chinese miners from Lukut to open new tin mines there. The miners landed at Kuala Lumpur and continued on foot to Ampang , where they opened
8235-426: The busiest international border crossing in the world ; its direct land link to Singapore, via the JB-Woodlands Causeway (the other being the (Tuas) Second Link at Iskandar Puteri ), KTM Intercity ( Shuttle Tebrau ) and the future RTS Link (under construction), is a key economic driver of the border city . Johor Bahru is categorised as Zone A of Iskandar Malaysia , adjacent to Senai International Airport and
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#17327901685818370-410: The mayor in the city hall, who is appointed for three years by the Federal Territories Minister. This system of appointing the mayor has been in place ever since the local government elections were suspended in 1970. Kuala Lumpur's eleven parliamentary constituencies, with 2020 population, area, density and percentage of the total are congruent with administrative subdivisions under the authority of
8505-476: The physically disabled . The oldest cinema in the city was the Broadway Theatre which mostly screened Tamil and Hindi movies. Other cinemas available in the city located inside shopping malls. The city's main association football club is a Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C. Its home stadium is Sultan Ibrahim Stadium has a capacity of around 40,000. There is also a futsal centre, known as Sports Prima, which has eight minimum-sized FIFA approved futsal courts; it
8640-418: The 1880s, putting pressure on sanitation, waste disposal and other health measures. A Sanitary Board created on 14 May 1890 was responsible for sanitation, road upkeep, street lighting, and other functions. This would eventually become the Kuala Lumpur Municipal Council in 1948. In 1896, Kuala Lumpur was chosen as the capital of the newly formed Federated Malay States . Kuala Lumpur expanded considerably in
8775-407: The 20th century. It was 0.65 km (0.25 sq mi) in 1895, but was extended to encompass 20 km (7.7 sq mi) in 1903, and to 52 km (20 sq mi) by 1924. By the time it became a municipality in 1948 it had expanded to 93 km (36 sq mi), and then to 243 km (94 sq mi) in 1974 as a Federal Territory. Before 1974, Kuala Lumpur was also
8910-506: The British colonial government attempted to streamline the state's administration. The continuous development of Johor Bahru was, however, halted when the Japanese under General Tomoyuki Yamashita invaded the town on 31 January 1942. As the Japanese had reached northwest Johor by 15 January, they easily captured major towns of Johor such of Batu Pahat , Yong Peng , Kluang and Ayer Hitam . The British and other Allied forces were forced to retreat towards Johor Bahru; however, following
9045-456: The Chinese and Javanese communities. After Temenggong's death on 31 January 1862, the town was renamed "Johor Bahru" and his position was succeeded by his son, Abu Bakar, with the administration centre in Telok Blangah being moved to the area in 1889. In the first phase of Abu Bakar's administration, the British only recognised him as a maharaja rather than a sultan . In 1855, the British Colonial Office began to recognise his status as
9180-408: The Chinese are predominantly Buddhists / Taoists and the Indians were mostly Hindus despite there is also a small numbers from the two ethnic groups that are Christians and Muslims. A small number of Sikhs , Animists and secularists can also be found in the city. The following is based on Department of Statistics Malaysia 2010 census. The local ethnic Malays speak the Malay language, while
9315-422: The Indonesian communities living there to contribute information for Indonesian commandos until the bombing of the MacDonald House in Singapore in 1965. By the early 1990s, the town had considerably expanded in size, and was officially granted a city status on 1 January 1994. Johor Bahru City Council was formed and the city's current main square, Dataran Bandaraya Johor Bahru , was constructed to commemorate
9450-403: The Java Street area, now Jalan Tun Perak . In 1880, the colonial administration moved the state capital of Selangor from Klang to the more strategically advantageous Kuala Lumpur, and British Resident William Bloomfield Douglas decided to locate the government buildings and living quarters to the west of the river. Government offices and a new police headquarters were built on Bukit Aman , and
9585-402: The Johor-British relationship improved, Abu Bakar also set up his administration under a British style and implemented a constitution known as Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor (Johor State Constitution). Although the British had long been advisers for the Sultanate of Johor, the Sultanate never came under direct colonial rule of the British. The direct colonial rule only came into effect when
9720-720: The Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area. This area, known as Greater Kuala Lumpur , extends from the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur westward to Port Klang , east to the edge of the Titiwangsa Mountains as well as to the north and south. The area covers other administratively separate towns and cities such as Klang, Shah Alam , Putrajaya and others, and is served by the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System . Notable projects undertaken within Kuala Lumpur itself included
9855-537: The Malay chief, and Hiu Siew, the early Chinese trader, became the first Kapitan of Kuala Lumpur. The third Chinese Kapitan of Kuala Lumpur, Yap Ah Loy , was appointed in 1868. Important Malay figures of early Kuala Lumpur also included Haji Mohamed Tahir, who became the Dato Dagang ("chief of traders"). The Minangkabaus of Sumatra became another important group who traded and established tobacco plantations in
9990-689: The Padang initially created for police training. The Padang, now known as Merdeka Square , would later become the centre of the British administrative offices when the colonial government offices moved to the Sultan Abdul Samad Building in 1897. Frank Swettenham , on becoming the British Resident, began improving the town by cleaning up the streets. He also stipulated in 1884 that buildings should be constructed of brick and tile so that they would be less flammable, and that
10125-751: The Presbyterian Church(SYNOD), Christ the King Catholic Church, Baptist Church, Methodist Church and churches of other denominations. The Masjid Jamek is located within Kulai town and serve the needs of the Muslim community. Kulai was an important stopover on the Johor Bahru–Kuala Lumpur trunk road in the 1970s and 1980s until the North–South Expressway opened in 1994, which bypassed the town. The trunk road
10260-455: The Temenggong already had a close relationship with the British and the British intended to have control over trade activities in Singapore, a treaty was signed between Sultan Ali and Temenggong Ibrahim in Singapore on 10 March 1855. According to the treaty, Ali would be crowned as the Sultan of Johor and receive $ 5,000 (in Spanish dollars ) with an allowance of $ 500 per month. In return, Ali
10395-547: The area. Notable Minangkabaus included their headman, Dato' Sati, Utsman Abdullah, and Haji Mohamed Taib , who was involved in the early development of Kampung Baru . The Minangkabaus were also significant socio-religious figures, for example Utsman bin Abdullah was the first kadi of Kuala Lumpur, as well as Muhammad Nur bin Ismail. Early Kuala Lumpur was a small town that suffered from many social and political problems –
10530-507: The buildings were made of wood and ' atap ' (palm frond thatching ). The buildings were prone to catching fire, and due to a lack of proper sanitation the town was plagued with diseases. It also suffered from a constant threat of flooding due to its location. The town became embroiled in the Selangor Civil War in part over control of revenue from the tin mines. Yap Ah Loy allied himself with Tengku Kudin [ ms ] and
10665-457: The causeway. The Japanese chose the palace as their main base because they already knew the British would not dare to attack it as this would harm their close relationship with Johor. In less than a month, the Japanese repaired the causeway and invaded the Singapore island easily. Soon after the war ended in 1946, the town became the main hotspot for Malay nationalism in Malaya. Onn Jaafar ,
10800-616: The city also accounted for 70% of crimes committed in the entire state of Johor , with a Johor police spokesman admitting that Johor Bahru remained a crime hotspot within the state. Crime in Johor Bahru has also received substantial media coverage by the Singaporean press, as Singaporeans visiting or transiting through the neighbouring city are often targeted by criminals. Among the more common criminal cases in Johor Bahru are robberies, snatch theft, carjacking , kidnapping and rape. Gang and unarmed robberies accounted for about 76% of
10935-417: The city are Causeway Link , Maju and S&S. It is possible to get around the city by bus, though the frequency of the bus might be an issue. Two types of taxis operate in the city; the main taxi is either in red and yellow, blue, green or red while the larger, less common type is known as a limousine taxi, which is more comfortable but expensive. Most taxis in the city do not use their meter . The city
11070-605: The city centre. Johor Bahru's Northern District police headquarters and Northern District Traffic Police headquarters are co-located in Skudai, about 20 km north of the city centre. There are around eleven police stations and seven police substations (Pondok Polis) in the greater Johor Bahru area. Johor Bahru Prison was located in the city along Ayer Molek Road, but was closed down after 122 years operation in December 2005, its function being transferred to an expanded prison in
11205-457: The city council, which consists of 3 Amanah members, 3 Bersatu members, 3 DAP members and 2 PKR members. In August 2021, mayor Adib Azhari Daud was arrested and taken into custody for allegedly accepting bribes from contractors while overseeing development of Johor Bahru. The arrest marks the first time an active Johor mayor has been arrested. The city high court complex is located along Dato' Onn Road. The Sessions and Magistrate Courts
11340-538: The city has played host to many international sporting, political and cultural events, including the 1998 Commonwealth Games , 2001 Southeast Asian Games , 2017 Southeast Asian Games , Formula One , Moto GP and FIFA World Youth Championships . Kuala Lumpur has undergone rapid development in recent decades and is home to the tallest twin buildings in the world, the Petronas Towers which have since become an iconic symbol of Malaysian development. Kuala Lumpur
11475-481: The city is Independence Park . Dataran Bandaraya was built after Johor Bahru was proclaimed as a city. The site features a clock tower , fountain and a large field. The Wong Ah Fook Street is named after Wong Ah Fook. The Tan Hiok Nee Street is named after Tan Hiok Nee , who was the leader of the former Ngee Heng Kongsi , a secret society in Johor Bahru. Together with the Dhoby Street, both are part of
11610-602: The city until 15 August 1945, when the commander in chief of the Japanese Seventh Area Army in Singapore and Malaysia, Seishirō Itagaki , surrendered to the British administration following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki . Kuala Lumpur grew during the war, and continued after the war during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) , during which Malaya was preoccupied with a communist insurgency and New Villages were established on
11745-443: The city with the main arterial routes of the present Ampang Road , Pudu Road and Petaling Street . As Chinese Kapitan, he held wide powers on a par with Malay community leaders. Law reforms were implemented and new legal measures introduced to the assembly. Yap also presided over a small claims court . With a police force of six, he was able to uphold the rule of law, constructing a prison that could accommodate sixty prisoners at
11880-645: The city's criminal cases in 2013 alone. Illegal car cloning is also rampant in the city. In addition, Johor Bahru's reputation for sleaze still exists, with some areas in the city centre turning into red-light districts , despite prostitution being illegal in Malaysia . Human trafficking syndicates are active at Johor Bahru where they smuggle foreigners duped into prostitution. Several countries have set up their consulates in Johor Bahru, including Indonesia and Singapore, while Japan has closed its consular office since 2014. Johor Bahru's sister cities are: Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur , officially
12015-443: The city's cultural diversity, relatively low costs, and wide gastronomic and shopping variety. MICE tourism, which mainly encompasses conventions — has expanded in recent years to become a vital component of the industry, and is expected to grow further once the Malaysian government's Economic Transformation Programme kicks in, and with the completion of a new 93,000 square meter-size MATRADE Centre in 2014. The MATRADE agency
12150-687: The city, with a number of large shopping malls located in the suburbs. Johor Bahru is the location of numerous conferences , congress and trade fairs, such as the Eastern Regional Organisation for Planning and Housing and the World Islamic Economic Forum . The city is the first in Malaysia to practise a low-carbon economy . The city has a very close economic relationship with Singapore. There are around 3,000 logistic lorries crossing between Johor Bahru and Singapore every day for delivering goods between
12285-571: The city. The city remains the economic and business hub of the country. Kuala Lumpur is a centre for finance, insurance, real estate, media and the arts of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur is rated the only global city in Malaysia, according to the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC). Bursa Malaysia , or the Malaysia Exchange, is based in the city and forms one of its core economic activities. As of 5 July 2013,
12420-502: The city. It was built in 1875 and renovated by the Persekutuan Tiong Hua Johor Bahru (Johor Bahru Tiong Hua Association) in 1994–95 with the addition of a small L-shaped museum in one corner of the square premises. The Wong Ah Fook Mansion, the home of the late Wong Ah Fook, was a former historical attraction. It stood for more than 150 years but was demolished illegally by its owner in 2014 to make way for
12555-662: The city. The secondary schools include English College Johore Bahru , Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Engku Aminah, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sultan Ismail, Sekolah Menengah Infant Jesus Convent, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan (Perempuan) Sultan Ibrahim and Sekolah Menengah Saint Joseph. There are also a number of international schools in the city. These include Marlborough College Malaysia , Shattuck-St. Mary’s Forest City International School, Raffles American School, Sunway International School. The other private universities are Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, University of Reading Malaysia, University of Southampton Malaysia. There are also
12690-1270: The city. The city also elects two representatives to the state legislature from the state assembly districts of Larkin and Stulang. The city is administered by the Johor Bahru City Council . The current mayor is Dato' Haji Mohd Noorazam bin Dato' Haji Osman, which took office since 15 August 2021. Johor Bahru obtained city status on 1 January 1994. The area under the jurisdiction of the Johor Bahru City Council includes Central District, Kangkar Tebrau, Kempas , Taman Sri Bahagia, Danga Bay, Taman Suria, Kampung Majidee Baru, Southkey, Taman Sri Tebrau, Taman Abad, Taman Sentosa, Banda Baru Uda, Taman Perling, Larkin , Majidee, Kampung Maju Jaya, Bandar Dato´ Onn, Seri Austin, Adda Heights, Taman Gaya, Taman Daya, Taman Bukit Aliff, Setia Tropika, Taman Johor, Taman Anggerik, Taman Sri Putra, Mount Austin, Pandan, Pasir Pelangi , Pelangi, Taman Johor Jaya, Taman Molek, Permas Jaya , Rinting, Tampoi , Tasek Utara and Tebrau . This covers an area of 220 square kilometres (85 sq mi). Currently there are 11 council members in
12825-409: The climate is relatively uniform, it does show some seasonal variation due to the effects of monsoons , with noticeable changes in wind speed and direction, cloud cover and amount of rainfall. There are two monsoon periods each year, the first one between mid-October and January, which is the north-east Monsoon. This period is characterised by heavier rainfall and wind from the north-east. The second one
12960-576: The confluence and therefore the point where it joined the Klang River would be Kuala Lumpur, although this Sungai Lumpur is said to be another river joining the Klang River 1.5 kilometres (1 mile) upstream from the Gombak confluence, or perhaps located to the north of the Batu Caves area. It has also been proposed that Kuala Lumpur was originally named Pengkalan Lumpur ("muddy landing place") in
13095-814: The country - FELDA Taib Andak, which was launched by the second Prime Minister of Malaysia , Tun Abdul Razak . Kulai is still one of the main producers of palm oil in the country due to its numerous oil palm plantations. Kulai also exports fresh vegetables to Singapore on a daily basis. The economy of Kulai has improved with numerous factories being set up in both Kulai and Senai. There are some public listed companies which have their offices and factories in Kulai, such as Yi-Lai Industry Berhad located in Batu 23 (Jalan Kulai-Air Hitam) ; SCGM Berhad which located in Batu 24 1/2 (Jalan Kulai-Air Hitam) and JCY International Berhad which located in Kelapa Sawit Kulai
13230-489: The deaths of 196 people, according to official figures, and led to major changes in the country's economic policy to promote and prioritise Malay economic development over that of other ethnicities. Kuala Lumpur achieved city status on 1 February 1972, becoming the first settlement in Malaysia to be granted the status after independence. Later, on 1 February 1974, Kuala Lumpur became a federal territory . The territory of Kuala Lumpur expanded to 96 square miles by absorbing
13365-516: The development of a new Kuala Lumpur City Centre around Jalan Ampang and the Petronas Towers , once the world's tallest buildings. The Petronas Towers has since been superseded as the tallest buildings in Kuala Lumpur by The Exchange 106 and Merdeka 118 , which is the second tallest building in the world after the Burj Khalifa in Dubai . The geography of Kuala Lumpur is characterised by
13500-467: The dominance of economy by the non-Malays and the Malays' dominance in political matters being agreed upon by non-Malays. Racial conflict between the Malay and non-Malays, especially the Chinese, is being provoked continuously since the Malayan Emergency . After the formation of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, Johor Bahru continued as the state capital and more development was carried out, with
13635-647: The economic scope of the city in other service activities, such as research and development, which support the rest of the economy of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur has been home for years to important research centres such as the Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia , the Forest Research Institute Malaysia and the Institute of Medical Research. A new financial district for Kuala Lumpur is currently under construction:
13770-485: The edge of the Lake Gardens in 1963. The population of Kuala Lumpur expanded considerably from 1960 to 2018, doubling in size every 13 years. Kuala Lumpur had seen a number of civil disturbances over the years. A riot in 1897 was a relatively minor affair that began with the confiscation of faulty dacing (a scale used by traders), and in 1912, a more serious disturbance called the tauchang riot began during
13905-592: The event. A central business district was developed in the centre of the city from the mid-1990s in the area around Wong Ah Fook Street . The state and federal government channelled considerable funds for the development of the city—particularly more so after 2006, when the Iskandar Malaysia was formed. However, more than ten years of unbridled building construction in Iskandar, especially of higher-end high-rise apartments and commercial property, has led to
14040-791: The first mine. Kuala Lumpur was the furthest point up the Klang River to which supplies could conveniently be brought by boat, and therefore became a collection and dispersal point serving the tin mines. Despite a high death toll from the malarial conditions of the jungle, the Ampang mines succeeded, and exported the first tin in 1859. At that time, Sutan Puasa was already trading near Ampang. Two traders from Lukut, Hiu Siew and Yap Ah Sze, arrived in Kuala Lumpur and set up shops to sell provisions to miners in exchange for tin. The town, spurred on by tin-mining, started to develop around Old Market Square ( Medan Pasar ), with roads radiating out towards Ampang as well as Pudu and Batu (the destinations became
14175-466: The former Cantonese clan house that was donated by Wong Ah Fook . The Foon Yew High School houses many historical documents of the city history with a Chinese cultural heritage. The Johor Bahru Chinese Heritage Museum on Ibrahim Road includes the history of Chinese migration to Johor along with a collection of documents, photos, and other artefacts. The Johor Art Gallery in Petrie Road
14310-569: The huge Klang Valley , bordered by the Titiwangsa Mountains in the east, several minor ranges in the north and the south, and the Strait of Malacca in the west. Kuala Lumpur is a Malay term that translates to "muddy confluence" and is located at the confluence of the Klang and Gombak rivers which flow into the Selangor River. Located in the centre of Selangor state, Kuala Lumpur was
14445-525: The land and to develop an agricultural economy in Johor. The Chinese planted the area with black pepper and gambier , while the Javanese dug parit ( canals ) to drain water from the land, build roads and plant coconuts . During this time, a Chinese businessman, pepper and gambier cultivator, Wong Ah Fook arrived; at the same time, the Kangchu and Javanese labour contract systems were introduced by
14580-462: The language primarily spoken by the local Chinese is Mandarin Chinese . The Chinese community is represented by several dialect groups: Hokkien and Teochew . The Indian community predominantly speaks Tamil , with a minority of Malayalam , Telugu and Punjabi speakers. 60% of the city's population is fluent in English, and it's higher among younger people. Johor Bahru is one of the fastest-growing cities in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur . It
14715-432: The letter "e" at the end of the word, in the Malay language . The city's name is also spelt as Johor Baru or Johor Baharu. Johor Bahru was once known as Shantou , or "Little Swatow", by the city's Chinese community , as most of the Chinese residents are Teochew whose ancestry can be traced back to Shantou , China; they arrived in the mid-19th century, during the reign of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim. The city, however,
14850-527: The market capitalisation stood at US$ 505.67 billion. The gross domestic product (GDP) for Kuala Lumpur is estimated at RM73,536 million in 2008 with an average annual growth rate of 5.9 percent. By 2015, the GDP had reached RM160,388 million, representing 15.1% of the total GDP of Malaysia. The per capita GDP for Kuala Lumpur in 2013 was RM79,752 with an average annual growth rate of 5.6 percent, and RM94,722 in 2015. Average monthly household income
14985-470: The metropolitan area. The Johor Bahru Inner Ring Road , which connects with the Sultan Iskandar customs complex , aids in controlling the traffic in and around the central business district. Access to the national expressway is provided through the North–South Expressway and Senai–Desaru Expressway . The Johor–Singapore Causeway links the city to Woodlands, Singapore with a six-lane road and
15120-532: The name of one of the seven districts of Selangor (six before 1960). The Kuala Lumpur district comprises seven mukims – Sungai Buloh, Batu, Petaling, Ampang, Ulu Klang, Kuala Lumpur and Setapak. The development of a rubber industry in Selangor fueled by the demand for car tyres in the early 20th century led to a boom, and the population of Kuala Lumpur increased from 30,000 in 1900 to 80,000 in 1920. The commercial activities of Kuala Lumpur had been run to
15255-412: The names of these roads: Ampang Road , Pudu Road , and Batu Road ), where miners had also begun to settle in, and Petaling and Damansara . The miners formed gangs and the gangs frequently fought in this period, particularly factions of Kuala Lumpur and Kanching, mainly over control of the best tin mines. Leaders of the Chinese community were conferred the title of Kapitan Cina (Chinese headman) by
15390-567: The neighbouring Riau Malays in Riau Islands , Indonesia with significant populations of Javanese , Bugis and Banjarese among the local Johorean Malay population. The Chinese mainly are from the majority Hokkien and Teochew (among the local Chinese), while the Indian community mainly and predominantly are Tamils , there are also small populations of Telugus , Malayalis and Sikh Punjabis . The Malays are majority Muslims , while
15525-444: The old site. The Sultan Ibrahim Building is another historical building in the city; built in 1936 by British architect Palmer and Turner , it was the centre of the administration of Johor as since the relocation from Telok Blangah in Singapore, the Johor government never had its own building. Before the current railway station was built, there was Johor Bahru railway station (formerly Wooden Railway) which has now been turned into
15660-594: The outskirts of the city. The first municipal election in Kuala Lumpur was held on 16 February 1952. An ad hoc alliance between the Malay UMNO and Chinese MCA party candidates won a majority of the seats, and this led to the formation of the Alliance Party (later the Barisan Nasional ). On 31 August 1957, the Federation of Malaya gained its independence from British rule. The British flag
15795-427: The population of Johor Bahru as 497,067. The city's population today is a mixture of three main ethnicities – Malays, Chinese and Indians - along with other bumiputras . Malays comprise a plurality of the population at 240,323, followed by Chinese totalling 172,609, Indians totaling 73,319 and others totalling 2,957. Non-Malaysian citizens form a population of 2,585. The Malays in Johor Bahru are strongly related to
15930-738: The same way that Klang was once called Pengkalan Batu ("stone landing place"), but became corrupted into Kuala Lumpur. Another theory says that it was initially a Cantonese word lam-pa , meaning 'flooded jungle' or 'decayed jungle'. There is no firm contemporary evidence for these suggestions other than anecdotes. The name may also be a corrupted form of an earlier forgotten name. [REDACTED] Sultanate of Selangor 1857–1974 [REDACTED] Federated Malay States 1895–1942; 1945–1946 [REDACTED] Empire of Japan 1942–1945 [REDACTED] Malayan Union 1946–1948 [REDACTED] Federation of Malaya 1948–1963 [REDACTED] Malaysia 1963–present Kuala Lumpur
16065-456: The seat of the executive and judicial branches of the Malaysian federal government until these were relocated to Putrajaya in early 1999. However, some sections of the political bodies still remain in Kuala Lumpur. The city is one of the three Federal Territories of Malaysia , enclaved within the state of Selangor , on the central west coast of Peninsular Malaysia . Since the 1990s,
16200-539: The second-most competitive city in the nation behind the capital, Kuala Lumpur . Geographically, it is located at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula , along the north bank of the Straits of Johor , north of the city-state metropolis of Singapore , specifically Woodlands . Johor Bahru serves as one of two international border crossings, on the Malaysian side, between the country and Singapore, making it
16335-473: The sole local government in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur and its surrounding urban areas form the most industrialised and economically, the fastest-growing region in Malaysia. Despite the relocation of federal government administration to Putrajaya , certain government institutions such as Bank Negara Malaysia ( National Bank of Malaysia ), Companies Commission of Malaysia and Securities Commission as well as most embassies and diplomatic missions have remained in
16470-666: The status of the adviser was elevated to a status similar to that of a Resident in the Federated Malay States (FMS) during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim in 1914. In Johor Bahru, the Malay Peninsula railway extension was finished in 1909, and in 1923 the Johor–Singapore Causeway was completed. Johor Bahru developed at a modest rate between the First and Second World Wars . The secretariat building— Sultan Ibrahim Building —was completed in 1940 as
16605-408: The surrounding areas. Kuala Lumpur was ceded by Selangor to be directly controlled by the central government , and it ceased to be capital of Selangor in 1978 after the city of Shah Alam was declared the new state capital. On 14 May 1990, Kuala Lumpur celebrated the centennial of the local council. The new federal territory Kuala Lumpur flag and anthem were introduced. Putrajaya was declared
16740-527: The town be rebuilt with wider streets to reduce fire risk. Kapitan Yap Ah Loy bought a sprawling piece of real estate to set up a brick factory for the rebuilding of Kuala Lumpur, the eponymous Brickfields . Demolished atap buildings were replaced with brick and tile buildings, and many of the new brick buildings had " five-foot ways " and Chinese carpentry work. This resulted in a distinct eclectic shop house architecture typical to this region. Kapitan Yap Ah Loy expanded road access, linking tin mines with
16875-503: The town of Kluang about 110 km from Johor Bahru. Other temporary lock-ups or prison cells are available in most police stations in the city, as in other parts of Malaysia. Johor Bahru is located along the Straits of Johor at the southern end of Peninsular Malaysia . Originally, the city area was only 12.12 km (4.68 sq mi) in 1933 before it was expanded to over 220 km (85 sq mi) in 2000. The city has an equatorial climate with consistent temperatures,
17010-604: The town's expansion and the construction of more new townships and industrial estates. The Indonesian confrontation did not directly affect Johor Bahru as the main Indonesian landing point in Johor was in Labis and Tenang in Segamat District as well Pontian District . There was only one active Indonesian spy organisation in the town, known as Gerakan Ekonomi Melayu Indonesia (GEMI). They frequently engaged with
17145-469: The township. The town is surrounded by rubber and oil palm estates. Kulai has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. The locals are mostly involved in the agriculture sector, particularly in the oil palm and rubber estates surrounding the town. Many of the people work in small retail shops, which are located along the trunk road. Kulai has the first settlement of FELDA 's (Federal Land Development Agency) oil palm plantation in
17280-408: The two sides for trading activities. Many residents in Singapore frequently visit the city during the weekends; some of them have also chosen to live in the city. Many of the city's residents work in Singapore. The internal roads linking different parts of the city are mostly federal roads constructed and maintained by Malaysian Public Works Department . There are five major highways linking
17415-598: The world's ten largest shopping malls. Kuala Lumpur ranks 70th in the world and the second in Southeast Asia after Singapore for the Economist Intelligence Unit 's Global Liveability Ranking and ninth in ASPAC and second in Southeast Asia after Singapore for KPMG 's Leading Technology Innovation Hub 2021. Kuala Lumpur was named World Book Capital 2020 by UNESCO . In 2024, Kuala Lumpur
17550-465: Was first developed around 1857 as a town serving the tin mines of the region, and important figures such as Yap Ah Loy and Frank Swettenham were instrumental in the early development of the city during the late 19th century. It served as the capital of Selangor from 1880 until 1978. Kuala Lumpur was the founding capital of the Federation of Malaya and its successor, Malaysia. The city remained
17685-606: Was lowered and the Malayan flag raised for the first time at the Padang at midnight on 30 August 1957, and on the morning of 31 August, the ceremony for the Declaration of Independence was held at the Merdeka Stadium by the first Prime Minister of Malaya, Tunku Abdul Rahman . Kuala Lumpur remained the capital after the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963. The Malaysian Houses of Parliament were completed at
17820-478: Was originally known as Tanjung Puteri , and was a fishing village of the Malays . Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim then renamed Tanjung Puteri to Iskandar Puteri upon his arrival to the area in 1858, after acquiring the territory from Sultan Ali . It was renamed to Johor Bahru by Sultan Abu Bakar following the Temenggong's death. The word "Bah(a)ru" means "new" in Malay; thus, Johor Bahru means "New Johor". Bahru
17955-488: Was ranked second for the best outstanding city in Southeast Asia after Singapore and 135th in the world by the Oxford Economic Papers ' Global Cities Index. Kuala Lumpur means "muddy confluence" in Malay ; Kuala is the point where two rivers join or an estuary , and lumpur means "mud". One suggestion is that it was named after Sungai Lumpur ("muddy river"); in the 1820s a place named Sungei Lumpoor
18090-443: Was required to cede the sovereignty of the territory of Johor (except Kesang of Muar which would be the only territory under his control) to Temenggong Ibrahim. When both sides agreed on Temenggong acquiring the territory, he renamed it Iskandar Puteri and began to administer it from Telok Blangah in Singapore. As the area was still an undeveloped jungle, Temenggong encouraged the migration of Chinese and Javanese to clear
18225-459: Was said to be the most important tin-producing settlement up the Klang River . However this derivation does not account for this: Kuala Lumpur lies at the confluence of Gombak River and Klang River, and therefore should be named Kuala Gombak, since the kuala is typically named after the river that joins a larger river or the sea. Some have argued that Sungai Lumpur in fact extended down to
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