Misplaced Pages

#611388

35-500: Kurume is located in the Chikugo Plain in southern Fukuoka Prefecture. The urban center is located approximately 40 kilometers from the prefectural capital at Fukuoka City, but due to the incorporation of surrounding municipalities in 2005, the city area has become approximately 32 kilometers east-west and approximately 16 kilometers north-south, making it a municipality with a long east-west direction. The Chikugo River flows from

70-576: A humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ). The average annual temperature in Kurume is 16.8 °C (62.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,938.4 mm (76.31 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.2 °C (82.8 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.6 °C (42.1 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Kurume

105-514: A semi-presidential system (1981–1986) form of government. The ongoing process of amending or revising the current Constitution and form of government is popularly known as Charter Change . A shift to a unicameral parliament was included in the proposals of the constitutional commission created by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo . Unlike in the United States, senators in the Senate of

140-595: A directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 36 members. Kurume, together with the city of Ukiha contributes five members to the Fukuoka Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Fukuoka 6th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Kurume is a regional commercial center. In terms of industry, the city is the birthplace of Bridgestone and

175-511: A robust constitution. Approximately half of the world's sovereign states are currently unicameral. The People's Republic of China is somewhat in-between, with a legislature and a formal advisory body. China has a Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference which meets alongside the National People's Congress , in many respects an advisory "upper house". Many subnational entities have unicameral legislatures. These include

210-422: A role in the consolidation of the automobile industry in northern Kyushu. Traditional products of Kurume are kasuri ( 絣 ) , or woven indigo-dyed cloth; tonkotsu ramen (pork-bone broth noodles); and trays and bowls made from rantai shikki ( 籃胎漆器 ) , a composite made from lacquered bamboo. Kurume has 45 public elementary schools and 17 public junior high schools and two high school operated by

245-625: A unicameral legislature, but the measure did not pass the Senate. Because of legislative gridlock in 2009, former Congressman Rick Lazio , a prospective candidate for governor, has proposed that New York adopt unicameralism. The United States as a whole was subject to a unicameral Congress during the years 1781–1788, when the Articles of Confederation were in effect. The Confederate States of America , pursuant to its Provisional Constitution, in effect from February 8, 1861, to February 22, 1862,

280-704: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Japan is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Unicameral Unicameralism (from uni - "one" + Latin camera "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly 60% of all national legislatures and an even greater share of subnational legislatures. Sometimes, as in New Zealand and Denmark , unicameralism comes about through

315-537: Is also the smallest legislature of any US state. A 2018 study found that efforts to adopt unicameralism in Ohio and Missouri failed due to rural opposition. There was a fear in rural communities that unicameralism would diminish their influence in state government. Local government legislatures of counties, cities, or other political subdivisions within states are usually unicameral and have limited lawmaking powers compared to their state and federal counterparts. Some of

350-402: Is an important production base as the group's original plant remains located here. There are also many factories of various manufacturers of rubber processed products. In recent years, the light vehicle engine factory of Daihatsu Kyushu, a subsidiary of Daihatsu Motor Corporation, and the press parts manufacturing factory of Topre Kyushu, a subsidiary of Topre, have expanded into the area, playing

385-683: Is bicameral, all local legislatures are unicameral: the Bangsamoro Parliament , the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (Provincial Boards), Sangguniang Panlungsod (City Councils), Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Councils), Sangguniang Barangay ( Barangay Councils), and the Sangguniang Kabataan (Youth Councils). The Nebraska Legislature (also called the Unicameral) is the supreme legislative body of

SECTION 10

#1732765704612

420-648: Is twinned with the following cities. In chronological order of birth year: Chikugo River The Chikugo River ( 筑後川 , Chikugo-gawa ) flows through Kumamoto , Ōita , Fukuoka and Saga prefectures in Japan . With a total length of 143 kilometres (89 mi), it is the longest river on Kyūshū . It flows from Mount Aso and empties into the Ariake Sea . It is also nicknamed "Tsukushi Jirō". 33°09′N 130°21′E  /  33.15°N 130.35°E  / 33.15; 130.35 The upper reaches of

455-521: Is well documented that in Camp Kurume it was allowed to organize various sport activities, musical concerts and theatre performances. The pictures of such activities show POWs in good physical shape and often in good spirits. The cultural and other exchanges between the Western and Japanese soldiers, as well as local people made a long lasting impact on both the cultural and industrial development of

490-587: The Edo Period the area was under the control of Kurume Domain , ruled for most of its history by the Arima clan , who developed the jōkamachi around Kurume Castle into a commercial center due to the clan's policy to promote industries. Bairin-ji , the clan’s family temple was also founded in the relative vicinity of the castle. After the Meiji restoration , the city of Kurume was established on May 1, 1889 with

525-490: The Minnesota Legislature into a single chamber. Although debated, the idea was never adopted. The US territory of Puerto Rico held a non-binding referendum in 2005 . Voters approved changing its Legislative Assembly to a unicameral body by 456,267 votes in favor (83.7%) versus 88,720 against (16.3%). If both the territory's House of Representatives and Senate had approved by a 2 ⁄ 3 vote

560-733: The provinces of Nepal , all of the Spanish autonomous communities , both of the autonomous regions of Portugal , most of the states and union territories of India , and all of the states of Brazil and Germany . In the United Kingdom , the devolved Scottish Parliament , the Welsh Senedd , the Northern Ireland Assembly , and the London Assembly are also unicameral. Though the current Congress of

595-469: The 13 colonies which became independent, such as Pennsylvania , New Jersey and New Hampshire had initially introduced strong unicameral legislature and (relatively) less powerful governors with no veto power. Pennsylvania's constitution lasted only 14 years. In 1790, conservatives gained power in the state legislature, called a new constitutional convention, and rewrote the constitution. The new constitution substantially reduced universal male suffrage, gave

630-545: The Philippines are elected not per district and state but nationally; the Philippines is a unitary state . The Philippine government's decision-making process, relative to the United States, is more rigid, highly centralised, much slower and susceptible to political gridlock . As a result, the trend for unicameralism as well as other political system reforms are more contentious in the Philippines. While Congress

665-598: The Philippines is bicameral, the country experienced unicameralism in 1898 and 1899 (during the First Philippine Republic ), from 1935 to 1941 (the Commonwealth era) and from 1943 to 1944 (during the Japanese occupation ). Under the 1973 Constitution, the legislative body was called Batasang Pambansa , which functioned also a unicameral legislature within a parliamentary system (1973–1981) and

700-504: The abolition of one of two bicameral chambers, or, as in Sweden , through the merger of the two chambers into a single one, while in others a second chamber has never existed from the beginning. The principal advantage of a unicameral system is more efficient lawmaking, as the legislative process is simpler and there is no possibility of deadlock between two chambers. Proponents of unicameralism have also argued that it reduces costs, even if

735-429: The bulk of Kansas City ) narrowly voted against, and all other counties voted against the change to unicameralism. In 1970, North Dakota voters voted to call a constitutional convention. In 1972, a change to a unicameral legislature was approved by 69.36-30.64, however, since the voters rejected the new constitution at the same referendum, it never took effect. In 1999, Governor Jesse Ventura proposed converting

SECTION 20

#1732765704612

770-678: The city government and six public high schools operated by the Fukuoka Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private combined elementary/junior high school and four private high schools. The city operates one and the prefecture operates two school for the handicapped. [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kyushu Shinkansen [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kagoshima Main Line [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kyūdai Main Line [REDACTED] Nishitetsu Tenjin Ōmuta Line [REDACTED] Nishitetsu Amagi Line Kurume

805-530: The city. The prisoners’ work and skills contributed to the development of the local rubber industry which served as a basis for the now world-famous tyre manufacturer Bridgestone. Kurume was a garrison town for the Imperial Japanese Army and from 1922, a center for the rubber and chemical industries. During World War II , the Kurume air raid left 212 people dead and much of the urban center destroyed. The city area continued to expand throughout

840-549: The creation of the modern municipalities system. After the First World War from 1915 to 1919, over 1000 German and about 50 Austro-Hungarian soldiers (Prisoners of War) after surrendering at Tsingtao, were allocated to an internment camp in Kurume, which was the largest such camp in Japan. It is a widely accepted historical fact that the prisoners of war after the First World War in Japan were treated fairly and according to international conventions, as “fellow soldiers”. It

875-583: The governor veto power and patronage appointment authority, and added an upper house with substantial wealth qualifications to the unicameral legislature. Thomas Paine called it a constitution unworthy of America. In 1944, Missouri held a vote on changing the General Assembly to a unicameral one, which was narrowly rejected by the voters 52.42-47.58. Only the city of St. Louis and the St. Louis County voted in favor, whilst Jackson County (containing

910-496: The largest fireworks display in Kyūshū. The event has been held since 1650 on the riverbanks at Kurume. This Fukuoka Prefecture location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Kumamoto Prefecture location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Ōita Prefecture location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Saga Prefecture location article

945-555: The northeast to the southwest of the city. The boundary is drawn almost along the river, and there are only a few parts of the city where the Chikugo River runs through the city. From the southern part of the city to the southeastern part is a mountain range called the Minou Mountain Range, which includes mountains such as Mt. Takatori, Mt. Hatsushin, and Mt. Mino. Fukuoka Prefecture Saga Prefecture Kurume has

980-503: The number of legislators stays the same, since there are fewer institutions to maintain and support financially. More popular among modern-day democratic countries, unicameral, proportional legislatures are widely seen as both more democratic and effective. Proponents of bicameral legislatures say that having two legislative chambers offers an additional restraint on the majority , though critics note that there are other ways to restrain majorities, such as through non-partisan courts and

1015-437: The post-war period by annexing surrounding villages and towns. On April 1, 2001, Kurume was designated as a special city and on April 1, 2008, it became a core city . On February 5, 2005, the town of Kitano (from Mii District ), the towns of Jōjima and Mizuma (both from Mizuma District ), and the town of Tanushimaru (from Ukiha District ) were merged into Kurume. Kurume has a mayor-council form of government with

1050-534: The requirement to satisfy divergent needs of various communities along the river, the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism designated the Chikugo River (along with six other river systems in Japan) as a "Water Resources Development River System" with a comprehensive utilization plan to develop the river's resources. The Chikugogawa Onsen Fireworks, held annually on July 28, are

1085-534: The river are important to forestry , and the middle and lower reaches are important to local agriculture, providing irrigation to some 400 square kilometres (154 sq mi) of rice fields on the Tsukushi Plain . The river is also important to industry, with twenty electrical power plants located along its banks, as well as the major city of Kurume in Fukuoka Prefecture . Recognizing

Kurume - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-538: The specific amendments to the Puerto Rico Constitution that are required for the change to a unicameral legislature, another referendum would have been held in the territory to approve such amendments. If those constitutional changes had been approved, Puerto Rico could have switched to a unicameral legislature as early as 2015. On June 9, 2009, the Maine House of Representatives voted to form

1155-860: The state of Nebraska and territories of Guam and the Virgin Islands in the United States , the Chinese special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao , the Australian state of Queensland as well as the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory , a majority of the provinces of Argentina , all of the provinces and territories in Canada , all of the regions of Italy , all of

1190-474: The state of Nebraska and the only unicameral state legislature in the United States. Its members are called "senators", as it was originally the upper house of a bicameral legislature before the Nebraska House of Representatives dissolved in 1937. The legislature is also notable for being nonpartisan and officially recognizes no party affiliation, making Nebraska unique among US states. With 49 members, it

1225-446: Was 39.5 °C (103.1 °F) on 13 August 2018; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −6.5 °C (20.3 °F) on 25 January 2016. Per Japanese census data, the population of Kurume in 2020 is 303,316 people. Kurume has been conducting censuses since 1960. The area of Kurume was part of ancient Chikugo Province , and the location of its ancient provincial capital and the site of its kokubun-ji and ichinomiya . During

#611388