Political
46-1337: [REDACTED] Look up haf in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. HAF may refer to: Halfling, via Dungeons and Dragons the Haftar Armed Forces, the United Nations term for the Libyan National Army , a group of armed forces in Libya opposed to the Government of National Accord roughly from 2016–present Haiphong Sign Language Half Moon Bay Airport , in San Mateo County, California, United States Headquarters, United States Air Force Heathrow Terminal 4 railway station , in London Hellenic Air Force Helms Athletic Foundation Heydar Aliyev Foundation Hindu American Foundation Homeworkers' Union ,
92-654: A tribal conflict . In November 2011, the National Transitional Council began the difficult process of restructuring the army, with military personnel who defected from the Gaddafi government and former rebel fighters of the National Liberation Army forming the basis of the new Libyan Army. Major General Khalifa Belgacem Haftar was chosen as the overall commander of the new Libyan Army due to his military experience and loyalty to
138-861: A family member cited by CNN , 25–30 masked, uniformed 106th Brigade members abducted member of the Libyan House of Representatives Seham Sergiwa in Benghazi . The LNA stated that it was not responsible for the abduction. As of 17 October 2019 , after multiple calls by UNSMIL for the LNA to investigate the disappearance, Sergiwa remained missing. Leader: Saleh al-Quta'ani (Aug 2019) Leader: Omar Mraje' (Aug 2019) Leader: Kani brothers; origin: Tarhuna (Aug 2019) Leader: Hassan al-Zadma; many Mahamid members (Aug 2019) Leader: Massoud Jiddu (Aug 2019) Leader: Leader: Leader: Leader: Leader: Leader: Leader: Leader: Al-Saiqa
184-572: A former trade union in Denmark Honduran Air Force Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title HAF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HAF&oldid=1154212499 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
230-524: A public dispute with Italy , which is supporting the Government of National Accord (GNA) in Tripoli. Russia is Haftar's most committed ally. In May 2020 the US Africa Command (AFRICOM) stated that Russia had deployed at least 14 MiG planes to the country. The plans were supported by private military contractors of Wagner Group and supporting the LNA. Khalifa Haftar was made head of
276-606: A total of 27, replacing elected mayors by mostly military individuals and, according to witnesses cited by The Independent , the 17 July 2019 abduction of House of Representatives member Seham Sergiwa at her home in Benghazi by the 106th Brigade . The LNA stated that it was not responsible for the Sergiwa abduction. In November 2019, the United Nations Panel of Experts on Libya established under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 started using
322-694: A variety of different weapons, including heavy machine guns, light MLRS' and anti-aircraft guns, most commonly used is the ZU-23-2 and the ZPU . Madkhalism Militant [REDACTED] Islam portal Madkhalism is a strain of quietist thought within the larger Salafi movement characterised by monarchism and loyalty to governments in the Arab world , based on the writings of Sheikh Rabee al-Madkhali . Though originating in Saudi Arabia ,
368-725: A week, a ministry official said. He later withdrew his resignation after Prime Minister Zeidan convinced him to stay. Under an agreement reached at the Lough Erne G8 summit in June 2013, NATO countries the United Kingdom, Italy, Turkey, and the United States undertook to help train up to 15,000 personnel from Libyan National Army units over a two-year period. They were to take units from newly formed brigades for 10-week stints of intensive infantry training. The 27th Brigade
414-593: Is an elite army unit, formed from a mixture of paratroopers and commandos. It numbers a few thousand and reports to the Ministry of Defence. It is popular in Benghazi, particularly in light of its opposition to Islamist Ansar al-Sharia group and because it is seen as a symbol of the reborn Libyan armed forces. Madkhali militias in the LNA include the Tawhid Battalion commanded by Izz al-Din al-Tarhuni;
460-495: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Libyan National Army The Libyan National Army ( LNA ; Arabic : الجيش الوطني الليبي , al-jaysh al-waṭaniyy al-Lībii ) or the Libyan Arab Army ( LAA ; Arabic : الجيش العربي الليبي , al-Jaysh al-'Arabiyy al-Lībii ) is a component of Libya's military forces which were nominally a unified national force under
506-560: Is unquestioning loyalty to governments in public, even those that use extreme and unjustified violence against their subjects. Unlike other Islamist groups which often oppose totalitarian, mostly secular governments in the Middle East, the Madkhalist movement is openly supportive of such regimes. Madkhalists argue that the governments of Arab countries are not to be revolted even if they are oppressive. They hold that God has given
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#1732780205493552-785: The Libyan Civil War and the Syrian Civil War , eventually they threw their support behind the opposition in both cases due to the extreme violence on the part of the Gaddafi and Assad regimes; the Madkhalists attacked the mainstream purists for these stances. As of early 2019, Madkhalists continue to be supported by the Saudi government and have found common cause with Libyan Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar , who has been described as "Libya's most potent warlord", during
598-972: The Second Libyan Civil War . Madkhalis have often found themselves supporting opposing political factions in Libya. This is due to the apparently contradictory fatwas issued by Rabee al-Madkhali, Muhammad bin Hadi al-Madkhali and other Salafi scholars. [REDACTED] Politics portal Madkhalism is often compared to Wahhabism , sharing a number of tenets with the wider movement. Media analysts have warned against generalizing such Islamists movements despite their differences, however. Madkhali has borrowed heavily from elder Salafist scholar Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani ; Madkhali adopted more extreme positions than Albani in his teaching according to Qutbi clerics, however, and Madkhalists were dismayed when Albani praised clerics Safar Al-Hawali and Salman al-Ouda . A cornerstone of Madkhalist discourse
644-601: The Tariq Ibn Ziyad Brigade , the Subul al-Salam group and the al-Wadi Brigade . LNA groups from Sabratha , Sorman , Tiji and Badr , towns in which Madkhali preachers were active and supported Haftar, are mostly Madkhali Salafists. During the 2019–20 Western Libya campaign , the LNA was allied with the al-Kaniyat militia in Tarhuna . The number of auxiliary LNA forces (militias and mercenaries)
690-577: The U.S. Department of State have also reportedly advised the U.S. government to fund al-Madkhali and his strain of thought. The movement has, in essence, been a reaction against the Muslim Brotherhood , rival Sahwa movement as well as the Qutbi movement; Sayyid Qutb , that movement's figurehead, is considered to be an apostate by Madkhali and his movement. Rabee al-Madkhali was incredibly influential, most of it through Saudi support, in
736-589: The LNA in late 2015, especially in the southern part of Libya. There were an estimated 200 Russian Wagner Group mercenaries in the LNA in 2019. On 1 January 2022, the 5+5 Libyan Joint Military Commission announced the deportation of 300 Sudanese mercenaries linked to the LNA from the Eastern Region. The Libyan National Army was founded in 2011 by the National Transitional Council , after forces aligned to it defeated
782-540: The LNA replaced nine elected councils, out of 27 in its area of control, by military administrators. Whilst it is known to a degree what equipment the Libyan National Army uses, the exact numbers of the below equipment currently in use is not known. What is certain is that a reasonable quantity of their equipment probably came from ransacked stocks of the original Libyan Army and from defectors as well. A significant amount of arms and equipment possessed by
828-887: The LNA were majorly shipped by the United Arab Emirates and Russia. Having an airbase in Libya (Al-Khadim), the UAE constantly breached the UN arms embargo to transfer arms to the Haftar forces. An Emirati firm, Lancaster-6 was involved in transferring three Super Pumas to the LNA in June 2019. The helicopters were believed to be incapable to operate. The three helicopters remained inside hangars until Haftar's military parade in May 2021 and were expected to take part in his air force. A variety of pickup/utility vehicles, called technicals and gun trucks , often Toyota and other makers, armed with
874-578: The LNA, with 1500 personnel in Libya in mid-2016. Involvement of Sudanese mercenaries continued in 2018. On 25 July 2019, 1000 members of the Sudanese Rapid Support Forces , widely attributed to be responsible for the 3 June 2019 Khartoum massacre , arrived in Libya and were expected to number 4000 in total. Chadians from the Rally of Democratic Forces ( French : Rassemblement des Forces Démocratique ) were recruited by
920-429: The Madkhalists are markedly different from other Salafist groups as well. A noted feature of Madkhalism during Muslim dogmatic exchanges is clarifying the opponent sect instead of only discourse regarding the topic of discussion. The person of the movement's leader, Rabee al-Madkhali, also carries a heavy focus uncharacteristic of rival movements such as Qutbism . Madkhalists have been described as obsessed with defense of
966-525: The Madkhalists have been noted for their opposition to and mutual rivalry with Salafist jihadism . The Madkhalist movement has been described as politically quietist, eschewing the organized political efforts of the mainstream of Salafism and even going as far as to declare religious clerics who participate in modern political system to be heretics or even apostates . Such politically active Salafists are often described by followers of Madkhalism as part of an international conspiracy against "true Salafism." On
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#17327802054931012-623: The Revival of Islamic Heritage in Kuwait, they retain an extensive international network in the Middle East, Europe and Southeast Asia. Despite losing its audience in its country of origin, the movement had branched outward by the early 2010s, with Madkhalists gaining followers in western Kazakhstan , where the Government of Kazakhstan views them and other Islamists with suspicion. Regardless of these gains, Western analysts have still described
1058-546: The Rome Statute , was Axes Commander in the al-Saiqa unit of the LNA as of August 2017 . Other senior leaders include: As of May 2019 , the LNA had about 7000 regular forces. These include: In April 2019, the 106th Brigade , also known as Awlia Aldem ( Arabic : أوليء الدم ) was led by Khaled, son of Khalifa Haftar. As of June 2019 , the brigade's commander was Salem Rahil. On 17 July 2019, according to witnesses cited by The Independent and
1104-582: The Salafist stronghold of Buraidah . In Kuwait, the Madkhali movement was nurtured around individuals who would separate from "mainstream" Salafism in 1981 due to many amongst them entering into the political arena. After high-ranking members of Saudi Arabia's religious establishment denounced the movement in general, and Saudi Grand Mufti and Permanent Committee head Abdul-Azeez ibn Abdullaah Aal ash-Shaikh 's criticism of Rabee al-Madkhali specifically,
1150-477: The US to discreetly fund figures like al-Madkhali to siphon off support for jihadis who advocate for violence against the US military. At the Madkhalist movement's inception in the early 1990s, the governments of Saudi Arabia and Egypt promoted the group as a counterbalance to more extreme elements of the wider Islamist movement. During this time, a number of radical Jihadists converted to Madkhalism, especially in
1196-679: The aftermath of the Civil War. Also in December, large numbers of former rebels were being given jobs in the new army, whilst the government also announced that they would be free to join the special forces and the Navy too. According to Osama al-Juwaili , the defence minister: "The idea is to inject new blood in the army which was marginalised by the tyrant (Gaddafi)" General Yousef Mangoush said on 5 January 2012 that Libya's new army faces major obstacles such as rebuilding bases destroyed during
1242-402: The armed Maluku sectarian conflict which continued from the late 1990s until the early 2000s. In the year 2000, Muhammad al-Madkhali went so far as to declare the prohibition of jihad by then Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid , himself an internationally recognized Islamic scholar, as being contrary to sharia law. Though often lumped together with all other Salafists and Islamists,
1288-582: The armed forces of Libya on 2 March 2015, remaining as leader of the Libyan National Army after the split between the LNA and the Government of National Accord (GNA). As of December 2017 , Major General Abdulrazek al-Nadoori was the chief of staff of the LNA. A lobbying firm was paid US$ 450,000 to lobby on his behalf for 12 months, starting 1 December 2017, in Washington, D.C. Mahmoud al-Werfalli , known internationally for his International Criminal Court arrest warrant under Article 8(2)(c)(i) of
1334-564: The command of Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar when he was nominated to the role on 2 March 2015 by the House of Representatives , consisting at the time of a ground force, an air force and a navy. In 2014, LNA launched Operation Dignity , a military campaign against the General National Congress and armed militias and Islamist militant organizations. When the internationally recognised Government of National Accord (GNA)
1380-408: The conflict, as well as disarming militias that were not part of the new army. National Army commander General Khalifa Haftar said later that it could take between three and five years for Libya to field a capable enough army to protect its borders. On 7 May 2013, Libya's Defense Minister Mohammed al-Barghathi resigned due to a crisis caused by gunmen who have besieged two ministries for more than
1426-649: The early 90's, during and after the time period the Gulf War was taking place. The Saudi regime attracted great ire from the Sahwa movement, due to their collusion with the US government and the Saudi's allowing US military bases to be set up in the Arabian peninsula. In response, the Saudi government imprisoned the leaders of the movement and strongly promoted al-Madkhali, who supported the regime. Senior US policy makers Will McCants and Jarret Brachman have also advised
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1472-524: The highest Muslim authority this right due to the 59th quranic verse in Surah An-Nisa , which translates as: “O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. ” Relations with governments of countries which are Muslim but not Arab have not always been as smooth. Both Madkhali brothers actively encouraged Muslims inside and outside of Indonesia to join
1518-584: The movement as now being relegated to a primarily European phenomenon. Analysts have estimated that Madkhalists and their allies comprise just over half of the Salafist movement in the Netherlands . On Friday, 24 August 2012, Islamists loyal to Muhammad al-Madkhali, demolished Sufi shrines in Zliten in Libya with construction equipment and bulldozers. The act was condemned by twenty-two NGOs, in addition to
1564-516: The movement lost its support base in the country and has mostly been relegated to the Muslim community in Europe , with most Saudi Arabians not taking the edicts of Madkhalists seriously. Political scientist Omar Ashour has described the movement as resembling a cult, and English-language media has referred to the group as such. In addition to Arab regimes, U.S. policymakers and senior advisors to
1610-493: The movement lost its support base within the wider Arab world . The remaining followers of Madkhali within Saudi Arabia tend to be foreign workers of Western origins, Saudis from Rabee al-Madkhali's hometown, and Kuwaitis and Yemenis. Madkhali also retains a national network of disciples to promote his work and monitor the activities of competitor clerics, and although Madkhalists are outnumbered by followers of Society of
1656-700: The name Haftar Armed Forces (HAF) to replace the name Libyan National Army to refer to "all armed groups associated with Haftar". It also chose to use lower case regarding "brigades" and "battalions" in order to avoid giving them "the legitimacy of being a formed military unit of a government". Haftar and the LNA is de facto backed by the governments of Egypt , Russia and the United Arab Emirates . France has also provided tacit backing for Haftars forces. France carried out unprecedented air strikes by its Airforce on Chadian opposition fighters , which are LNA's biggest opponents. This resulted in
1702-509: The other hand, Western intelligence agencies have identified Madkhalists as a group which can be supported and funded discreetly by the US, in comparison to the rest of the groups seen under the wider Salafi movement. Interaction with non-Muslim societies, where most Madkhalists reside, also distinguishes the movement. While most Salafi Muslims in the Western world are noted for adjusting their religious lifestyles for pragmatic participation in
1748-567: The post-war Libyan government's top religious official and UNESCO General Director Irina Bokova . The post-war Libyan government filed a complaint with the Saudi government regarding Muhammad al-Madkhali, who is a professor at the Islamic University of Madinah . Another break between Madkhalists and the mainstream of purist Salafism has been the reaction to the Arab Spring . While most purist Salafists initially opposed both
1794-433: The previous Libyan Army and overthrew Muammar Gaddafi 's government. Supply depots and bases having been damaged during the civil war , the new army is faced with the challenge of having to rebuild much of the country's military infrastructure. Yousef Mangoush was named as its first Chief of Staff on 2 January 2012 and the force saw its first major deployment on 23 February, when it was deployed to Kufra to intervene in
1840-478: The revolution that overthrew Gaddafi. The Libyan Army only numbered "a few thousand" trained soldiers in November 2011, and was rapidly trying to train up new fighters who could keep the peace nationwide and deter rogue militias from acting without NTC orders, and was responsible for brokering a ceasefire on at least one occasion in November between warring militas from Zawiya and Al Maya. On 1 December 2011, it
1886-401: The wider society, Madkhalists in particular are noted for minimizing contact with non-Muslims. Also unlike the wider Islamist movement, Madkhalists don't seem to focus on converting Western societies to Islam due to giving most concern in persuading Muslims to adopt a more orthodox Muslim lifestyle and preferring to simply accept and defend their rights as a minority community. The polemics of
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1932-635: Was a common enemy for both LNA and the Libyan Army. About half of the LNA consists of militias including Madkhali (Salafist) militias and Sudanese, Chadian and Russian mercenaries, which together constitute part of the LNA's effective forces. The LNA possesses its own air force. Most of the Libyan Navy is loyal to the GNA. Interventions in the political system by the LNA include the late 2016 replacement of nine elected municipal councils out of
1978-588: Was due to start at Bassingbourn in eastern England in January 2014. As a result of disorder and sexual assaults by some Libyan army cadets, the UK cancelled the programme in November 2014. The Libyan trainees were sent back to Libya, with the exception of five who were tried for sexual offenses. In late 2016, Major-General Abdulrazek al-Nadoori of the LNA replaced several of the elected municipal mayors in eastern Libya by unelected people, mostly military. Altogether
2024-721: Was established in Tripoli , part of the Libyan military forces were named the Libyan Army to contrast with the other part that retained the LNA identity. In the Second Libyan Civil War , the LNA was loyal to that part of the Libyan House of Representatives that met in Tobruk , internationally recognised until October 2015. It fights against the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries , as well as Islamic State in Libya which
2070-710: Was estimated in May 2019 as 18 000 by Jason Pack of the Institute for International Political Studies . Foreign mercenaries operating during 2019 Western Libya offensive on behalf of the LNA include Sudanese, Chadians and Russians. Sudanese from the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (Minnawi) were present in Libya starting in March 2015 and fought on behalf of the LNA in 2016. SLM (Minnawi) planned on leaving Libya in early 2017. Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (al-Nur) fighters fought on behalf of
2116-423: Was reported that the National Liberation Army was to integrate up to 50,000 former rebel fighters into the new Libyan national army and police forces, with the aid of French training, with long-term aims to integrate as many as 200,000 fighters from the brigades that had fought against Gaddafi during the civil war. In December 2011, Italy agreed to provide training to the Libyan Army as it attempted to reorganize in
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