Misplaced Pages

#563436

89-461: The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company opened the hotel on 5 July 1915. Built as an early-20th century railway hotel, the Châteauesque -styled building is considered one of Canada's grand railway hotels . Following Grand Trunk's 1919 bankruptcy, Canadian National Hotels assumed management of the hotel. The building has undergone several renovations since its opening, and an expansion wing to

178-737: A Brother ? , the basic design of which is usually credited to Wedgwood, although others drew and sculpted the final versions. This appeared in many formats in print and pottery from about 1786, and was very widely distributed, often given away. In addition plaques of varying sizes, most in jasperware, caught the fashion for Neoclassicism , with a great variety of classical subjects, but mostly avoiding nudity. The smaller ones were intended to be set in jewellery, sometimes in steel by Matthew Boulton 's factory, and larger sizes might be framed for hanging, or inset in architectural features like fireplace mantels, mouldings and furniture. Smallest of all were many button designs. The firm lost some momentum after

267-497: A complementary addition to the hotel, as well as two office towers, although these expansion plans never came to fruition. In an effort to prevent the building from potential demolition, the City of Edmonton designated the hotel a "municipal heritage resource" in 1984. The 1953 annex was finally demolished in 1986. The hotel, along with eight other properties of Canadian National Hotels were sold to Canadian Pacific Hotels in 1988, with

356-796: A dedicated trust, closed in 2000 and on 24 October 2008, it reopened in a new multimillion-pound building. In June 2009, the Wedgwood Museum won a UK Art Fund Prize for Museums and Art Galleries for its displays of Wedgwood pottery, skills, designs and artefacts. In May 2011, the archive of the museum was inscribed in UNESCO 's UK Memory of the World Register . The collection with 80,000 works of art, ceramics, manuscripts, letters and photographs faced being sold off to help satisfy pension debts inherited when Waterford Wedgwood plc went into receivership in 2009. The Heritage Lottery Fund ,

445-552: A distant cousin with a sizable dowry , helped him launch his new venture. Wedgwood led "an extensive and systematic programme of experiment", and in 1765 created a new variety of creamware , a fine glazed earthenware , which was the main body used for his tablewares thereafter. After he supplied her with a teaset for twelve the same year, Queen Charlotte gave official permission to call it "Queen's Ware" (from 1767). This new form, perfected as white pearlware (from 1780), sold extremely well across Europe, and to America. It had

534-583: A full dining room, two sitting areas, and two adjoining guest rooms connected to a private lobby for service and security personnel. Access to the Queen Elizabeth suite, in addition to seven other suites on the third floor is accessible only by private elevator. The hotel building also features several event spaces, including the Wedgwood room, named after the Wedgwood detailing on its ceiling; and

623-628: A later connection to Tête Jaune Cache, merge north of Valemount , before continuing south to Vancouver. The former GTPR line through Tête Jaune Cache to Prince Rupert forms an important CN secondary main line. The GTPR's high construction standards, and the fact Yellowhead Pass has the best gradients of any railway crossing of the Continental Divide in North America gives the CN a competitive advantage in terms of fuel efficiency and

712-555: A light second firing to fix the enamels in a small muffle kiln ; this work was also later moved to Stoke. There was also a showroom and shop in Portland House, 12 Greek Street , Soho, London . Painting included border patterns or bands and relatively straightforward floral motifs on tableware. Complicated figure scenes and landscapes in painted enamels were generally reserved for the most expensive "ornaments" like vases, but transfer printed items had these. The Frog Service

801-562: A line were built from Tête Jaune Cache to Vancouver, it would effectively kill Prince Rupert and relegate its route to branch line status. Claiming labour shortages, the GTP attempted to obtain government approval to bring in unskilled immigrants from Asia. By late 1912, 6,000 men had become employed east of Edmonton. Although contractors prohibited liquor in camps, bootlegging was rampant. FW&S provided hospitals and medical services by charging employees one dollar per month. The articles for

890-452: A more southerly location for the terminal, which became the more easily-defendable Kaien Island ( Prince Rupert ). During the official ceremony on September 11, 1905 at Fort William, Ontario , Laurier turned the first sod for the construction of the GTPR, but the actual first sod had occurred the previous month about 12 miles (19.3 km) south of Carberry, Manitoba . From Fort William,

979-785: A name never used by the main firm. He then joined William Tomlinson & Co., a firm in Yorkshire, who promptly dropped their own name, using "Wedgwood & Co" until he left in 1801. That name was revived by Enoch Wedgwood (1813–1879), a distant cousin of the first Josiah, who used Wedgwood & Co, starting in 1860. It was taken over by Josiah Wedgwood & Sons in 1980. Other potters used blatantly misleading marks: "Wedgewood", "Vedgwood", "J Wedg Wood", all on inferior wares. In 1968, Wedgwood purchased many other Staffordshire potteries including Mason's Ironstone , Johnson Brothers , Royal Tuscan, William Adams & Sons, J. & G. Meakin and Crown Staffordshire. In 1979, Wedgwood purchased

SECTION 10

#1732771957564

1068-641: A single colour, that were far cheaper than hand-painting. Hand-painting was still used, the two techniques often being combined, with painted borders surrounding a printed figure scene. From 1761 wares were shipped to Liverpool for the specialist firm of Sadler and Green to print; later this was done in-house at Stoke. From 1769 Wedgwood maintained a workshop for overglaze enamel painting by hand in Little Cheyne Row in Chelsea, London , where skilled painters were easier to find. The pieces received

1157-575: A studio in Rome, where young Neoclassical artists were in abundance, producing wax models for reliefs, often to designs sent from England. The most famous design is Wedgwood's copy of the Portland Vase , a famous Roman vase now in the British Museum , which was lent to Wedgwood to copy. Wedgwood developed other dry-bodied stonewares, meaning that they were sold unglazed. The first of these

1246-663: A telegraph service, and freight, passenger and mail transportation. After the ouster of Edward Watkin , the GTR declined in 1870 and 1880 to build Canada's first transcontinental railway . Subsequently, the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) transcontinental and its feeder routes operated closer to the Canada–US border. Seeking a transcontinental to open up the central latitudes, the Canadian government made overtures to

1335-516: A way of measuring kiln temperatures accurately, and several new ceramic bodies including the "dry-body" stonewares, "black basalt" (by 1769), caneware and jasperware (1770s), all designed to be sold unglazed, like " biscuit porcelain ". In 1766, Wedgwood bought a large Staffordshire estate, which he renamed Etruria , as both a home and factory site; the Etruria Works factory was producing from 1769, initially making ornamental wares, while

1424-521: Is a large dinner and dessert service made by Wedgwood for Empress Catherine the Great of Russia , and completed in 1774. The service had fifty settings, and 944 pieces were ordered, 680 for the dinner service and 264 for the dessert. Although Wedgwood was already transfer printing many tablewares, this was entirely hand-painted in Chelsea in monochrome, with English views copied from prints and drawings;

1513-509: Is an English fine china , porcelain and luxury accessories manufacturer that was founded on 1 May 1759 by the potter and entrepreneur Josiah Wedgwood and was first incorporated in 1895 as Josiah Wedgwood and Sons Ltd . It was rapidly successful and was soon one of the largest manufacturers of Staffordshire pottery , "a firm that has done more to spread the knowledge and enhance the reputation of British ceramic art than any other manufacturer", exporting across Europe as far as Russia, and to

1602-555: Is bounded by 100 Street NW to the north and west, with ATB Place west of the hotel. Grierson Hill NW bounds the hotel property to the east and south, with the roadway sitting adjacent to the North Saskatchewan River valley park system . The building overlooks the escarpment of the North Saskatchewan River. Located at the eastern end of downtown Edmonton, south of Jasper Avenue , the hotel

1691-656: Is clear from their correspondence. As with other potteries, the designs of prints were very often copied. Josiah Wedgwood was also a patriarch of the Darwin–Wedgwood family . Many of his descendants were closely involved in the management of the company down to the time of the merger with the Waterford Company: Ralph Wedgwood, presumably a cousin, made high quality wares in Burslem from c. 1790 until probably 1796, marked "Wedgwood & Co",

1780-472: Is situated near Edmonton's central business district , and several other neighbourhoods; including Riverdale to the east, and Rossdale to the south. After acquiring the property, the hotelier division of Grand Trunk Pacific Railway announced its plans to develop a hotel on the property. The building was designed by a Canadian architectural firm, Ross and MacFarlane , the same architectural firm that designed many of Canada's landmark hotels. Construction of

1869-567: Is sometimes called "Portland Blue"), an innovation that required experiments with more than 3,000 samples. In recognition of the importance of his pyrometric beads, Josiah Wedgwood was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1783. In recent years, the Wedgwood Prestige collection continued to sell replicas of the original designs, as well as modern neo-classical style jasperware. The main Wedgwood motifs in jasperware, and

SECTION 20

#1732771957564

1958-735: The Franciscan Ceramics division of Interpace in the United States. The Los Angeles plant closed in 1984 and production of the Franciscan brand was moved to Johnson Brothers in Britain. In 1986, Waterford Glass Group plc purchased Wedgwood plc, forming the company Waterford Wedgwood plc. In 1986, Waterford Glass Group plc purchased Wedgwood plc for US$ 360 million, with Wedgwood delivering a US$ 38.7 million profit in 1998 (while Waterford itself lost $ 28.9 million), after which

2047-775: The Grand Canyon of the Fraser , Dome Creek , McGregor , Upper Fraser , and the BC communities within the Category:Grand Trunk Pacific Railway stations , outline construction through those specific localities. FW&S operated five steamboats to supply their camps advancing east from Prince Rupert on the Skeena River . Launched in 1908, the Distributor and Skeena remained until 1914, as did

2136-793: The Monkman Pass crossing). To secure concessions from the BC government, eastward construction from the Pacific Coast began in 1907. The track east of Prince Rupert reached 50 miles, then 102 miles by 1910, the Bulkley Valley in 1912 and Burns Lake in 1913. The line completed across the prairies, through the Rockies, and to the newly-constructed seaport at Prince Rupert. The last spike ceremony occurred one mile east of Fort Fraser, British Columbia at Stuart (Finmoore) on April 7, 1914. A 1910 prediction had correctly claimed if

2225-665: The New York –based private equity firm KPS Capital Partners had purchased certain Irish and UK assets of Waterford Wedgwood, and the assets of its Irish and UK subsidiaries. KPS Capital Partners placed Wedgwood into a group of companies known as WWRD, an abbreviation for "Waterford Wedgwood Royal Doulton". In 1995 Royal Doulton commissioned a new factory just outside Jakarta , Indonesia . From 2006 to 2008, Wedgwood began to offshore most production to Indonesia to reduce costs, while Waterford production moved to Eastern Europe. By 2009

2314-553: The St. Lawrence River at Quebec City and ending at Moncton, New Brunswick . The Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) managed and operated the entire line. Largely constructed 1907–1914, the GTPR operated 1914–1919, prior to nationalization as the Canadian National Railway (CNR). Despite poor decision-making by the various levels of government and the railway management, the GTPR established local employment opportunities,

2403-540: The "useful" tablewares were still made in Burslem. In 1769 Wedgwood established a partnership with Thomas Bentley , who soon moved to London and ran the operations there. Only the "ornamental" wares such as vases are marked "Wedgwood & Bentley" and those so marked are at an extra level of quality. The extensive correspondence between Wedgwood and Bentley, who was from a landowning background, show Wedgwood often relied on his advice on artistic questions. Wedgwood felt

2492-409: The 1921 arbitration on worth also ranked its significance within the naïve railway schemes of that era by this observation: "It would be difficult to imagine a more misconceived project." The GTP itself was nationalized in 1922. Today, the majority of the GTPR is still in use as CN's (name change to Canadian National or acronym "CN" in 1960) main line from Winnipeg to Jasper. The former CNoR line, and

2581-456: The Americas. It was especially successful at producing fine earthenware and stoneware that were accepted as equivalent in quality to porcelain (which Wedgwood only made later), though considerably less expensive. Wedgwood is especially associated with the "dry-bodied" (unglazed) stoneware Jasperware in contrasting colours, and in particular that in "Wedgwood blue" and white, always much

2670-575: The Art Fund , various trusts and businesses contributed donations to purchase the collection. On 1 December 2014, the collection was purchased and donated to the Victoria and Albert Museum . The collection will continue to be on display at the Wedgwood Museum on loan from the Victoria and Albert Museum. The Minton Archive comprises papers and drawings of the designs, manufacture and production of

2759-472: The Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia settled there. Grand Trunk Pacific Railway purchased the property and began construction for a hotel building in 1911, with designs from Ross and Macdonald . The building was completed at a cost of CA$ 2.25 million, and was opened to the public on 5 July 1915. The hotel was named after John A. Macdonald , the first prime minister of Canada . The building

Hotel Macdonald - Misplaced Pages Continue

2848-610: The Empire Ballroom, an event space with 6.4-metre (21 ft) ceiling adorned with bas relief carvings. The carvings were covered under a false ceiling and were uncovered during the hotels' renovations in the late-1980s. Confederation Lounge serves as the hotel's lounge, and is named after a replica painting of Conference at Québec in 1864, to settle the basics of a union of the British North American Provinces by Robert Harris , that hangs above

2937-558: The GTP asked the federal government to take over the GTPR. The CNoR was in worse financial shape. The royal commission that considered the issue in 1916 released its findings in 1917. In March 1919, after the GTPR has defaulted on construction loans to the federal government, the federal Department of Railways and Canals effectively took control of the GTPR before it was merged into the CNR in July 1920. Noting numerous construction blunders,

3026-539: The GTPR built a 190-mile (310 km) section of track connecting with the NTR near Sioux Lookout . The route paralleled the CPR for 135 miles (217 km) west of Winnipeg before it veered northwest. That year, the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were established. The line proceeded west to Saskatoon in 1907, Edmonton in 1909, and Wolf Creek in 1910. For contractual purposes, Winnipeg to Wolf Creek ( Edson, Alberta )

3115-612: The GTR and to the Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR). The regional operators in Eastern and Central Canada initially declined because projected traffic volumes suggested an unlikely profitability. Realizing that expansion was essential, the GTR attempted to acquire the CNoR, rather than to collaborate on construction. The GTR finally negotiated to construct only the western section, and the federal government would build

3204-536: The Jakarta factory employed 1,500 persons producing bone china under both Wedgwood and Royal Doulton brands. Annual production was reported to be 5 to 7 million pieces. In order to reduce costs the majority of production of both brands has been transferred to Indonesia, with only a small number of high-end products continuing to be made in the UK. In May 2015, Fiskars , a Finnish maker of home products, agreed to buy 100% of

3293-786: The Omineca, which was purchased in 1908. Launched in 1909, the Operator and Conveyor were disassembled in 1911, transported to Tête Jaune and relaunched in 1912 on the Fraser River . Detailed articles cover the sternwheelers Skeena , Operator , and Conveyor and their roles on the Skeena River , and on the Fraser River . During the construction phase from Tête Jaune to Fort George thousands of tons of freight for railway construction and merchants travelled downstream from

3382-656: The SS Prince John (formerly the Amethyst built in England in 1910), travelled to the Queen Charlotte Islands . Built in 1910, the much larger SS  Prince George and SS  Prince Rupert , both 3,380-ton, 18-knot vessels, could carry 1,500 passengers with staterooms for 220. The ships operated a weekly service from Seattle to Victoria, Vancouver, Prince Rupert and Anyox . The vision

3471-554: The Waterford Wedgwood group assets. Assets including Wedgwood, Waterford and Royal Doulton were placed into WWRD Holdings Limited. On 5   January 2009, following years of financial problems at group level, and after a failed share placement during the 2007–2008 financial crisis , Waterford Wedgwood was placed into administration on a "going concern" basis, with 1,800 employees remaining. On 27   February 2009, Waterford Wedgwood's receiver Deloitte announced that

3560-612: The ability to haul tonnage. After a century languishing far behind Vancouver, the Port of Prince Rupert has grown in importance since the early 2000s. Ongoing redevelopment of terminal infrastructure, less municipal congestion than other West Coast ports, proximity to the great circle route from East Asia to North America, and a fast connection to the Midwestern United States along the former GTPR route, have reduced transportation times. Wedgwood Wedgwood

3649-470: The additional advantage of being relatively light, saving on transport costs and import tariffs in foreign markets. It caused considerable disruption to the makers of European faience and delftware , then the main European tableware bodies; some went out of business and others adopted English-style bodies themselves. Wedgwood developed a number of further industrial innovations for his company, notably

Hotel Macdonald - Misplaced Pages Continue

3738-481: The budgeted $ 60,000. Following the CNoR paralleling through the Rockies , which created 108.4 miles (174.5 km) of duplication, the GTPR rail bed largely became redundant. The more northerly Pine Pass option , as specified in its charter, may have been a better choice in terms of developing traffic and in improving the current CNR network (especially if the later Pacific Great Eastern Railway route had opted for

3827-417: The building took place from 1911 to 1915. The design of the building was inspired by designs found on French Renaissance architectural -era chateaus. The pitched sloped dormered roofs includes chimneys, finials , and turrets . The building's entryways are placed diagonally on the building, flanked by perpendicular wings and turret towers. The form and massing of the hotel is defined by an L-shape. Copper

3916-477: The company undertaking a three-year, CA$ 28 million renovation of the property, which included upgrading systems and restoring the original facade. Canadian Pacific Hotels reopened the property on 15 May 1991. In 2001, Canadian Pacific Hotels reorganized into Fairmont Hotels and Resorts , adopting the Fairmont name from an American company it had purchased in 1999. As a result of the rebranding, Hotel Macdonald

4005-612: The company's works, and he began to do so. The first formal museum was opened in May 1906, with a curator named Isaac Cook, at the main (Etruria) works. The contents of the museum were stored for the duration of the Second World War and relaunched in a gallery at the new Barlaston factory in 1952. A new purpose-built visitor centre and museum was built in Barlaston in 1975 and remodelled in 1985, with pieces displayed near items from

4094-496: The deaths of Bentley in 1780 and the retirement of Josiah Wedgwood in 1790 (he died in 1795). By 1800 it had about 300 employees in Staffordshire. The Napoleonic Wars made exporting to Europe impossible for long periods, and left export markets in disarray. Thomas Byerley , Josiah's nephew, became a partner and was mainly in charge for some years, as Josiah's sons John, known as Jack , and Josiah II ("Joss") , who joined

4183-590: The defunct pottery company Mintons . It was acquired by Waterford Wedgwood in 2005 along with other assets of the Royal Doulton group. In the event, the Archive was presented by the Art Fund to the City of Stoke-on-Trent, but it was envisaged that some material would be displayed at Barlaston as well as the Potteries Museum and Art Gallery . Wedgwood railway station was opened in 1940 to serve

4272-420: The design of the structure as startling when it was unveiled, but railway officials stood by their choice stating that the new facility would become the hotel and the old structure would become the annex. In 1983, Canadian National Railway closed the hotel and announced major renovations to the property which included the demolition of The Box and restoration of the 1915 building. Plans were in place to build

4361-724: The eastern sections as the NTR. The respective legislation passed in 1903. Nearer to Asia than Vancouver , Port Simpson was about 19 miles (30.6 km) southeast of the southern entrance to the Portland Canal , which forms part of the boundary between British Columbia and Alaska . In 1903, when friction arose in Canada over the Alaska boundary decision favouring US interests, US President Theodore Roosevelt threatened to send an occupation force to nearby territory. In response, Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier preferred

4450-551: The eighth floor, with several suites named after former guests of the hotel, including the King George VI suite, the Queen Elizabeth suite, and the Winston Churchill suite. The 220-square-metre (2,400 sq ft) third-floor Queen Elizabeth suite was built during the hotels late-1980s renovation, and was later renovated for Queen Elizabeth II 's tour of Alberta in 2005. The Queen Elizabeth suite includes

4539-598: The end of the 18th century other Staffordshire manufacturers introduced bone china as an alternative to translucent and delicate Chinese porcelain. By 1811 Byerley, as manager of the London shop, wrote back to Stoke that "Every day we are asked for China Tea Ware—our sales of it would be immense if we had any—Earthenware Teaware is quite out of fashion...", and in response in 1812 Wedgwood first produced their own bone china, with hand-painting. However West End taste did not perhaps represent all of Wedgwood's markets, and it

SECTION 50

#1732771957564

4628-667: The expansion benefitted Vancouver, Prince Rupert remained a backwater. The GTPR built the Fort Garry Hotel in Winnipeg and the Hotel Macdonald in Edmonton. Halibird and Roche of Chicago designed the hotel for Prince George, but it never left the drawing-board stage. Construction of the $ 2m Chateau Prince Rupert, designed by Francis Rattenbury , did not proceed beyond the foundations, laid in 1910. Its forerunner,

4717-431: The factory had 445 employees. As well as updated versions of wares from the previous century, bathroom ceramics such as sinks and lavatories had been important in recent decades, and Wedgwood's reputation for technical and design innovation had sunk considerably. However, they did introduce porcelain (see below), lustre ware by 1810, a form of Parian ware they called "Carrara" in 1848, and a "Stone China" from about 1827,

4806-543: The final appearance was not dissimilar to transfer printing, but each image was unique. Also at Catherine's request, each piece carries a green frog. Although Wedgwood was paid just over £2,700 he barely made a profit, but milked the prestige of the commission, exhibiting the service in his London showroom before delivery. Wedgwood's best known product is Jasperware, created to look like ancient Roman cameo glass , itself imitating cameo gems . The most popular jasperware colour has always been "Wedgwood blue" (a darker shade

4895-540: The firm only on Josiah I's retirement, had developed other interests, in particular horticulture . After Waterloo in 1815, there was a dramatic drop in the vital exports to America. Byerley's death in 1810 forced the brothers to confront the reality of the financial situation, as they needed to buy out his widow. Between the partners and other debtors, the firm was owed some £67,000, a huge sum. Joss bought Jack out, and continued as sole owner. Wedgwood continued to grow under Jack and his son Francis Wedgwood , and by 1859

4984-411: The group was renamed Waterford Wedgwood plc. From early 1987 to early 1989, the CEO was Patrick Byrne, previously of Ford , who then became CEO of the whole group. During this time, he sold off non-core businesses and reduced the range of Wedgwood patterns from over 400 to around 240. In the late 1990s, the CEO was Brian Patterson. From 1   January 2001, the Deputy CEO was Tony O'Reilly, Junior , who

5073-500: The heavier-grade GTPR ones shipped to France for use during World War I . Through the 1910s, several branches were built by the GTP under the Grand Trunk Pacific Branch Lines Company and the Grand Trunk Pacific Saskatchewan Railway Company, subsidiaries of GTP. These included branches to Prince Albert , Battleford , Calgary , and to the international border via Regina . Further branches were projected, and many were completed under Canadian National. In 1915, unable to meet its debts,

5162-482: The holdings of WWRD. On 2 July 2015, the acquisition of WWRD by Fiskars was completed, including the brands Waterford, Wedgwood, Royal Doulton, Royal Albert and Rogaška. The acquisition was approved by the US antitrust authorities. In 2015 there were complaints of misleading labelling, in that products made in the company's Indonesian factory were sold labelled "Wedgwood England". Wedgwood's founder wrote as early as 1774 that he wished he had preserved samples of all

5251-454: The hotel building was added in 1953. In 1983, Canadian National Hotels ceased operations, and demolished the building's expansion wing in the same year. The hotel property was later sold to Canadian Pacific Hotels in 1988, and was restored and reopened to the public in May 1991. The hotel is currently managed by Fairmont Hotels and Resorts . Hotel Macdonald is at 10065 100 Street NW at the eastern end of downtown Edmonton . The hotel property

5340-400: The hotel during their 1939 royal tour of Canada . In an effort to meet post-war population boom of the city, Canadian National proposed an expansion in 1949 with an estimated construction cost of $ 4,000,000. The 16-storey wing which added 292-rooms was colloquially referred to as The Box because of its modern design and occupied the space just north of the original building. Critics labeled

5429-404: The increase in traffic volumes essential for the GTP’s own survival. In 1910 at Prince Rupert, although 25 real estate agents operated, David Hayes, the brother of GTP President Charles Melville Hays , was the sole company agent. In what would become Prince George , the company purchased the First Nations reserve for a railway yard and a new town site. The GTPR also caused the displacement and

SECTION 60

#1732771957564

5518-445: The interiors of five rooms, including Confederation Lounge, the Empire Ballroom, and the Wedgwood room, were recognized as a municipal historic resource on 27 November 1984, under the provincial Historic Resources Act . The resulting designation protects these features from demolition or major alterations. Hotel Macdonald includes 198 guest rooms and suites spread throughout the building. The hotel's suites are situated on its third, and

5607-491: The last of which was not especially successful. Neoclassicism was now less fashionable, and one response was to add floral enamels to black basalt wares from around 1805. Godfrey Wedgwood , Josiah I's great-grandson became a partner in 1859, and had considerable success reviving the firm in both these areas, in what was generally a successful period for British pottery. Wedgwood's first decades of success came from producing wares that looked very like porcelain, and had broadly

5696-424: The loss keenly when Bentley died in 1780. Wedgwood's slightly younger friend, William Greatbatch , had followed a similar career path, training with Whieldon and then starting his own firm around 1762. He was a fine modeller, especially of moulds for tablewares, and probably did most of Wedgwood's earlier moulds as an outside contractor. After some twenty years, Greatbatch's firm went under in 1782, and by 1786 he

5785-403: The lounge's fireplace. Other facilities on the hotel property include squash courts, aerobic facilities, minibars, and an electronic security system. The hotel also operates one restaurant, known as The Harvest Room. Prior to the establishment of the hotel on the property, the area housed a squatters camp, colloquially known as "Galician Hotel," after a number of Ukrainian-speaking migrants from

5874-415: The most popular colours, though there are several others. Jasperware has been made continuously by the firm since 1775, and also much imitated. In the 18th century, however, it was table china in the refined earthenware creamware that represented most of the sales and profits. In the later 19th century, it returned to being a leader in design and technical innovation, as well as continuing to make many of

5963-426: The old factory works in cabinets of similar period. A video theatre was added and a new gift shop, as well as an expanded demonstration area, where visitors could watch pottery being made. A further renovation costing £4.5 million was carried out in 2000, including access to the main factory itself. Adjacent to the museum and visitor centre are a restaurant and tea room, serving on Wedgwood ware. The museum, managed by

6052-504: The older styles. Despite increasing local competition in its export markets, the business continued to flourish in the 19th and early 20th centuries, remaining in the hands of the Wedgwood family, but after World War II it began to contract, along with the rest of the English pottery industry. After buying a number of other Staffordshire ceramics companies, in 1987 Wedgwood merged with Waterford Crystal to create Waterford Wedgwood plc , an Ireland-based luxury brands group. In 1995 Wedgwood

6141-515: The other dry-bodied stonewares, were decorative designs that were highly influenced by the ancient cultures being studied and rediscovered at that time, especially as Great Britain was expanding its empire . Many motifs were taken from ancient mythologies: Roman, Greek and Egyptian. Meanwhile, archaeological fever caught the imagination of many artists. Nothing could have been more suitable to satisfy this huge business demand than to produce replicas of ancient artefacts. From 1787 to 1794 Wedgwood even ran

6230-399: The oval shape usual in the painted portrait miniature ; others were larger. They were probably generally intended for framing; many examples still retain their frames. Many subjects reflected Wedgwood's religious and political views, Unitarian and somewhat Radical respectively, in particular what is probably the best-known Wedgwood relief, the abolitionist design Am I Not a Man and

6319-423: The plant; first introduced in 1770, but mostly used between 1785 and 1810. Generally Wedgwood avoided the typical type of Staffordshire figures , white earthenware standing figurines of people or animals that by about 1770 were usually brightly painted, though sometimes sold in plain glazed white. These imitated rather successfully the porcelain figures pioneered by Meissen porcelain , a style which by about 1770

6408-536: The railhead by scow . In 1913, when scowing on that part of the river peaked, about 1,500 men were employed as scowmen, or "River Hogs," as they were generally called. In high water, the trip from Tête Jaune took five days and in low water up to 12 days because of the shallow bars . Each vessel measured about 40 feet long and 12–16 feet wide and carried 20–30 tons. Two men crewed each end. The Goat River Rapids, Grand Canyon, and Giscome Rapids, were extremely dangerous, with wrecks and drownings common. Dismantlers purchased

6497-539: The same qualities, though not quite as tough, nor as translucent. During Josiah's lifetime and some time afterwards Wedgwood did not make porcelain itself. European factories had increasing success with porcelain, both soft-paste in England and France, and hard-paste mostly in Germany, which were still competing with Japanese and Chinese export porcelain , which were very popular, though expensive, in Europe. Towards

6586-440: The scows that survived the journey, selling the used lumber primarily for house building. The funding for railway expansion depended upon returns from the sale of land acquired by the railway. The Grand Trunk Pacific Town & Development Co. was responsible for locating and promoting strategic town sites. However, the priority of maximizing profit undermined the economic prosperity of communities and other businesses by hampering

6675-532: The socio-economic destruction of native communities along the route, many of which had social and economic values in conflict with those of the railway. Beginning in 1910, a GTPR steamship service operated from Prince Rupert. The first ship, the SS Prince Albert (formerly the Bruno built in 1892 at Hull, England), was an 84-ton, steel-hulled vessel and travelled as far as Vancouver and Victoria . Next,

6764-675: The temporary GTP Inn, was demolished in 1962. Sometimes in conjunction with the CNoR, the GTPR built some impressive city stations. When built in 1910, the Grand Trunk Pacific dock in Seattle was the largest on the West Coast. On July 30, 1914, fire destroyed the facility. The federal government provided a $ 2m subsidy for a dry dock at Prince Rupert to handle ships up to 20,000 tons. Completed in 1915, it catered for only much smaller local vessels prior to World War II . It

6853-544: Was a Wedgwood employee, continuing for over twenty years until he retired in 1807, on generous terms specified in Wedgwood's will. In the early period he seems also to have acted as agent for Wedgwood on trips to London, and after Wedgwood's retirement he may have in effect managed the Etruria works. Wedgwood was an early adopter of the English invention of transfer printing , which allowed printed designs, for long only in

6942-536: Was acquired in July 2015 by Fiskars , a Finnish consumer goods company. Josiah Wedgwood (1730–1795), came from an established family of potters, and trained with his elder brother. He was in partnership with the leading potter, Thomas Whieldon , from 1754 until 1759, when a new green ceramic glaze he had developed encouraged him to start a new business on his own. Relatives leased him the Ivy House in Burslem , Stoke-on-Trent, and his marriage to Sarah Wedgwood,

7031-597: Was appointed CEO in November of the same year and resigned in September 2005. He was succeeded by the then-president of Wedgwood USA, Moira Gavin, up until the company went into administration in January 2009. In 2001, Wedgwood launched a collaboration with designer Jasper Conran , which started with a white fine bone china collection then expanded to include seven patterns. In March 2009, KPS Capital Partners acquired

7120-539: Was being produced by the majority of porcelain factories, on the continent and in Britain. Though Staffordshire figures fell precipitously in price and quality after about 1820, in the 18th century many were still well-modelled and carefully painted. Instead Wedgwood concentrated on more sculptural figures, and produced many busts or small relief portrait plaques of celebrities, both types of high quality. The subjects were generally notably serious: politicians and royalty, famous scientists and writers. Many were small, with

7209-560: Was dismantled in 1954 to 1955. The CNoR tracklaying through the Canadian Rockies in 1913 roughly paralleled the GTPR line of 1911 and created about 100 miles of duplication. In 1917, a contingent from the Corps of Canadian Railway Troops added several crossovers to amalgamate the tracks into a single line along the preferred grade from Lobstick, Alberta , to Red Pass Junction , British Columbia. The surplus rails were lifted and

7298-503: Was for coastal shipping to mature into a trans-Pacific line. However, Prime Minister Robert Borden was uninterested in promoting Prince Rupert as a port of call for any shipping lines. Vancouver flourished, but Prince Rupert languished. From 1919, the Canadian Government Merchant Marine (CGMM), in partnership with CNR, promoted the development of import/export trade with Pacific rim countries. Although

7387-437: Was granted a Royal Warrant from Queen Elizabeth II , and the business was featured in a BBC Four series entitled Handmade by Royal Appointment alongside other Warrant holders Steinway , John Lobb Bootmaker and House of Benney . After a 2009 purchase by KPS Capital Partners , a New York–based private equity firm, the group became known as WWRD Holdings Limited , an initialism for "Waterford Wedgwood Royal Doulton". This

7476-480: Was not the huge commercial success promised, and after thinking of doing so in 1814, the firm finally stopped making it in 1822. But when revived in 1878 it eventually became an important part of production. From very early on Josiah Wedgwood was determined to maintain high artistic standards, which was an important part of his efforts to appeal to the top end of the market with pottery rather than porcelain wares. He relied considerably on Bentley in London in this, as

7565-522: Was operated by Grand Trunk Pacific until the company declared bankruptcy in 1919, after which the hotel was operated as a part of Canadian National Hotels , a division of Canadian National Railway . The hotel was one of the first two establishments to be reissued a liquor license by the Alberta Liquor Control Board , after the province repealed prohibition laws against alcohol in 1924. King George VI and Queen Elizabeth used

7654-539: Was renamed Fairmont Hotel Macdonald . Grand Trunk Pacific Railway The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway ( reporting mark GTP ) was a historic Canadian transcontinental railway running from Fort William, Ontario (now Thunder Bay ) to Prince Rupert, British Columbia , a Pacific coast port. East of Winnipeg the line continued as the National Transcontinental Railway (NTR), running across northern Ontario and Quebec , crossing

7743-776: Was the Prairie Section, and Wolf Creek to the Pacific was the Mountain Section. Foley, Welch and Stewart (FW&S) was selected as the prime contractor for the latter. The GTPR followed the original Sandford Fleming "Canadian Pacific Survey" route from Jasper, Alberta through the Yellowhead Pass , and the track-laying machine crossed the BC/Alberta border in November 1911. In the mountain region, costs escalated to $ 105,000 per mile, compared with

7832-479: Was the primary metal material used to build the hotel's roof. The façade of the building is clad with Indiana limestone , and is detailed with balustrades , balconettes , brackets , cornice , hood moulding , and overhangs . The building main portico features five arches and four pillars, and two pilasters that are detailed with gargoyles, and the provincial shields of the four provinces of Western Canada . The building's limestone facade, copper roofing, and

7921-456: Was what he called "basaltes", now more often "black basalt ware" or just basalt ware, perfected by 1769. This was a tough body in solid black, much used for classical revival styles. Wedgwood developed an attractive reddish stoneware he called rosso antico ("ancient red") This was often combined with black basalt. This was followed by caneware or bamboo ware, the same colour as bamboo and often modelled to look as though objects were made of

#563436