Misplaced Pages

#464535

155-540: The mall underwent cosmetic upgrades in 2015, which included new floors, lighting, and benches throughout the mall. Located near the interchange of I-90 and I-91 , the Holyoke Mall is one of the primary shopping destinations in Western Massachusetts and attracts many out-of-state visitors. The mall opened in 1979 with G. Fox , JCPenney , Sears , and Steiger's as the original anchors. Plans for

310-498: A Cleveland resident trying to measure the dock near his house became trapped but was rescued by a fire department diver from Avon Lake, Ohio : In a tug of war against the waves, the two were finally hauled out by rope. After being trapped for an hour-and-a-half, Baker was back on dry land, exhausted and battered but alive. Lake Erie is primarily fed by the Detroit River (from Lake Huron and Lake St. Clair ) and drains via

465-606: A ceiling panel collapse that killed one person. It reopened in January 2007 after repairs and retrofit work. Lake Erie Lake Erie ( / ˈ ɪr i / EER -ee ; French : Lac Érié ) is the fourth-largest lake by surface area of the five Great Lakes in North America and the eleventh-largest globally. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and also has

620-470: A rest area which overlooks the river and includes the 50-foot (15 m) Dignity statue. From Chamberlain, I-90 continues east across the plains and past several small towns near the city of Mitchell . It then reaches the Sioux Falls area, where it bypasses the city to the north and intersects I-29 and I-229 . I-90 leaves Sioux Falls and crosses into Minnesota near Brandon . I-90 crosses

775-437: A 20-screen cinema complex, but this attempt was blocked by the city. Lord & Taylor repositioned and shuttered their space entirely in 2005. In September 2006, Filene's became Macy's. In December 2019, it was reported a Cinemark 10 screen theater complex was in the early stages of development. It has since been put on hold. In 2005, The Pyramid Corporation sparked local controversy over its "must be 18 policy", especially from

930-512: A change in Lake Erie's ecosystem make phosphorus pollution more intractable. Blue-green algae ( Cyanobacteria ) bloom, were problematic in August 2019. According to a news report in August, "scientists fully expect [it] to overwhelm much of western Lake Erie again this summer". By August 12, 2019, the bloom extended for roughly 50 kilometres (31 mi). A large bloom does not necessarily mean

1085-409: A complex interaction of natural forces. As of the 2010s, much of the phosphorus in the lake comes from fertilizer applied to no-till soybean and corn fields, but washed into streams by heavy rains. The algal blooms result from growth of Microcystis , a toxic blue-green alga that the zebra mussels, which infest the lake, do not eat. Periodically, a dead zone , or region of low oxygen, occurs in

1240-873: A high rock from Pelee Island. In 1669, Frenchman Louis Jolliet was the first documented European to sight Lake Erie, although there is speculation that Étienne Brûlé may have come across it in 1615. Lake Erie was the last of the Great Lakes to be explored by Europeans, since the Iroquois who occupied the Niagara River area were in conflict with the French, and they did not allow explorers or traders to pass through; explorers followed rivers out of Lake Ontario and portaged to Lake Huron . British authorities in Canada were nervous about possible expansion by American settlers across Lake Erie, so Colonel Thomas Talbot developed

1395-653: A junction with I-25 , which overlaps with US 87 to Casper . From Buffalo, the highway turns east to cross the Powder River Basin , a region with several large coal mines. I-90 then reaches Gillette , where it begins a concurrency with US 14 and US 16 to a three-way split in Moorcroft . The freeway continues into the Bear Lodge Mountains (part of the Black Hills ) and

1550-408: A lake. The glaciers were able to carve away more land on the eastern side of the lowland because the bedrock is made of shale which is softer than the carbonate rocks of dolomite and limestone on the western side. Thus, the eastern and central basins of the modern lake are much deeper than the western basin, which averages only 25 feet (7.6 m) deep and is rich in nutrients and fish. Lake Erie

1705-565: A large unfrozen lake. Lake-effect snow makes Buffalo and Erie the eleventh and thirteenth snowiest cities in the entire United States respectively, according to data collected from the National Climatic Data Center . Since winds blow primarily west to east along the main axis of the lake, lake-effect snowstorms are more pronounced on the eastern parts of the lake. Buffalo typically gets 95 inches (240 cm) of snow each winter and sometimes ten feet (3.0 m) of snow;

SECTION 10

#1732794499465

1860-427: A local TV station's Doppler weather radar detected millions of mayflies heading for Presque Isle in blue and green splotches on the radar in clouds measuring 10 mi (16 km) long. These insects were a sign of Lake Erie's move back to health, since the mayflies require clean water to thrive. Biologist Masteller of Pennsylvania State University declared the insects to be a "nice nuisance" since they signified

2015-691: A loop on I-490 and the direct north–south spur I-390 . I-90 travels through the Finger Lakes region and moves closer to the Erie Canal as it approaches the Syracuse area. It travels through the city's northern outskirts, where it intersects I-690 , I-81 , and I-481 from west to east. It then continues to Utica , where the Thruway runs along the north side of the Mohawk River (part of

2170-459: A mean elevation of 571 feet (174 m) above sea level. It has a surface area of 9,990 square miles (25,874 km ) with a length of 241 statute miles (388  km ; 209  nmi ) and breadth of 57 statute miles (92 km; 50 nmi) at its widest points. It is the shallowest of the Great Lakes with an average depth of 10 fathoms 3 feet or 63 ft (19 m) and a maximum depth of 35 fathoms (210 ft; 64 m) Because Erie

2325-462: A new harbor near Erie, Pennsylvania, in Elk Creek to accommodate shipments from its tube-plant site nearby. In 1913, a memorial to Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry was built on Put-in-Bay island featuring a Doric column. Steamships have operated on Lake Erie since the early 1800s. Large, opulent cruise liners carried passengers between Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo and other cities on the lake until

2480-716: A pair of decommissioned missile silos that form the Minuteman Missile National Historic Site . I-90 continues east along the top of a plateau that faces the White River and passes near Kadoka and Murdo . US 83 briefly joins the highway from Murdo to Vivian , where it splits off to serve the state capital of Pierre . It then crosses the Missouri River on the Lewis and Clark Memorial Bridge near Chamberlain and passes

2635-606: A series of ridges that face Lake Coeur d'Alene , crossing an arm of the lake on the Veterans Memorial Centennial Bridge . The freeway continues east across Fourth of July Summit and descends into the Silver Valley, where it follows the Coeur d'Alene River through several small towns along the historic Mullan Road . I-90 serves the cities of Kellogg and Wallace before it ascends into

2790-400: A serious problem to all who have given it close attention ... the fisheries are being exhausted by the wasteful methods which are now in vogue ... it is still the custom of the pound fishermen about Sandusky to take fish of all sizes, and if they are too small to be marketable they are turned over to a fertilizer factory. If left undisturbed for two or three years more, these little fish would be

2945-581: A shame that's gone", said Dwight. Pyramid has defended its decision by saying that it will increase sales because the environment will be more pleasing to adult shoppers and the incidence of shoplifting will be reduced. Interstate 90 Interstate 90 ( I-90 ) is an east–west transcontinental freeway and the longest Interstate Highway in the United States at 3,021 miles (4,862 km). It begins in Seattle, Washington , and travels through

3100-851: A short spur route near Buffalo that is not directly connected to I-90, is the highest number given to an Interstate. I-90 in Massachusetts is concurrent with the entirety of the Massachusetts Turnpike (also known as "the Pike" or "MassPike"). The turnpike begins at the New York state line in West Stockbridge and travels southeast through the Berkshires to the Pioneer Valley . The highway travels through

3255-785: A toll-free alternative to the New York Thruway, was completed in 1976 with a connection to the Berkshire Connector, which had been originally intended to carry the I-90 designation across the Hudson River. South Dakota completed its final section in November 1976, which created an unbroken stretch of four-lane highway from the Wyoming state line to Boston but some intersections remained. The Minnesota segment of I-90

SECTION 20

#1732794499465

3410-484: A very valuable product ... Predictions of the lake being over-fished in 1895 were premature, since the fishery has survived commercial and sport fishing, pollution in the middle of the 20th century, invasive species and other ailments, but state and provincial governments, as well as national governments, have played a greater role as time went by. Business boomed; in 1901, the Carnegie Company proposed building

3565-493: A vessel about 12 miles [19 km] up, 2 miles [3.2 km] from the Canada shore, with three men clinging to the masts, which alone were visible above the water–heard their cries and screams ... There were reports of disasters usually from sea captains passing information to reporters; in 1868, the captain of the Grace Whitney saw a sunken vessel with "three men clinging to the masthead," but he could not help because of

3720-568: Is instead provided through a nearby junction with US 20. I-80/I-90 then continues southeast across the Maumee River to Rossford on the southern outskirts of Toledo, where it intersects I-75 . The turnpike travels southeast through a rural area near the southwest shore of Lake Erie , where it passes the cities of Fremont and Sandusky . Near Norwalk, the highway turns northeast to follow State Route 2 (SR 2) and heads to Elyria , where I-90 splits from I-80 (which remains on

3875-414: Is less dense than cold air, the heated air rises. Rising air cools and water vapor condenses into cloud droplets ... the efficiency of snow production increases when the wind pushes the clouds over land. Friction with the ground causes air to pile up. This frictional convergence creates lift and enhances snowfall. Heavy lake-effect snowfalls can occur when cold air travels 60 miles (97 km) or longer over

4030-502: Is one of the richest areas of Canada's fruit and vegetable production; this southernmost tip, particularly in the area around Leamington, is known as Canada's "tomato capital". The area around Port Rowan has special trees that grow because of the "tempering effect of the lake", and species include tulip trees , dogwood , sassafras , and sour gum . This area's many greenhouses produce a "variety of tropical plants rarely cultivated so far north", including some species of cacti, because of

4185-594: Is rejoined in Sundance by US 14, which looped north to serve the Devils Tower . I-90/US 14 then continues northeast to Beulah , where it enters South Dakota . I-90/US 14 enters South Dakota near Spearfish and travels east through prairie land, where it is briefly concurrent with US 85 . Beyond Sturgis , the freeway turns south and follows the edge of the Black Hills to Rapid City ,

4340-447: Is the western basin where depths average only 25 to 30 feet (7.6 to 9.1 m); as a result, "the slightest breeze can kick up lively waves", also known as seiches . The "waves build very quickly", according to other accounts. The region around the lake is known as the "thunderstorm capital of Canada" with "breathtaking" lightning displays. Sometimes fierce waves springing up unexpectedly have led to dramatic rescues; in one instance,

4495-829: Is the oldest biological field station in the United States. Stone Laboratory was donated to the Ohio State University by Julius Stone in 1925 as part of the university's Ohio Sea Grant College program. The Great Lakes Institute of the University of Windsor has experts who study issues such as lake sediment pollution and the flow of contaminants such as phosphorus . Other invasive species in Lake Erie include spiny water fleas , fishhook water fleas , sea lamprey , and white perch . The invasive plant species in Lake Erie consist mainly of Eurasian milfoil , Trapa natans and purple loosestrife . The shore of

4650-497: Is the shallowest of the Great Lakes because the ice was relatively thin and lacked erosion power when it reached that far south, according to one view. As many as three glaciers advanced and retreated over the land, causing temporary lakes to form in the time periods in between each of them. Because each lake had a different volume of water, their shorelines rested at differing elevations. The last of these lakes to form, Lake Warren , existed between about 13,000 and 12,000 years ago. It

4805-441: Is the shallowest, it is also the warmest of the Great Lakes, and in 1999 this almost became a problem for two nuclear power plants which require cool lake water to keep their reactors cool. The warm summer of 1999 caused lake temperatures to come close to the 85 °F (29 °C) limit necessary to keep the plants cool. Also because of its shallowness, it is the first to freeze in the winter. The shallowest section of Lake Erie

Holyoke Mall at Ingleside - Misplaced Pages Continue

4960-574: The Windsor Star reported that the lake experienced record-breaking water temperatures, reaching 81 °F (27 °C) in mid-August and compared the lake to a "bath tub". Lake Erie has a complex ecosystem with many species in interaction. Human activity, such as pollution and maritime ship traffic, can affect this environment in numerous ways. The interactions between new species can sometimes have beneficial effects, as well as harmful effects. Some introductions have been seen as beneficial such as

5115-719: The Alberton Gorge and crosses the Clark Fork River several times before it reaches the head of the Missoula Valley . After a short concurrency with US 93 , I-90 runs along the north side of Missoula and joins US 12 to continue southeast along the foothills of the Garnet Range and Sapphire Mountains . After it splits from US 12 in Garrison , the freeway turns south to traverse

5270-665: The Bitterroot Range and crosses Lookout Pass , which also marks the Montana state line. Montana has the longest section of I-90, at almost 552 miles (888 km), despite the highway only serving a portion of the state's east–west width. It descends from Lookout Pass along the St. Regis and Clark Fork rivers between the foothills of the Bitteroot Range and Coeur d'Alene Mountains . The freeway travels east through

5425-834: The Blue Line of the "L" rapid transit system runs in the median and serves several stops. I-90 turns southeast and is rejoined by I-94 in Irving Park , where it gains a set of reversible express lanes that travel for 6.2 miles (10.0 km) toward the Near West Side . The Kennedy Expressway travels south through the Near West Side, opposite the Chicago River from the Chicago Loop (the city's central business district), and intersects I-290 again at

5580-537: The British Colonial government . These primarily concerned political reforms and land allocation issues. Some of the rebels stationed themselves in the U.S. and crossed the ice from Sandusky Bay to Pelee Island wearing "tattered overcoats and worn-out boots", and carrying muskets, pitchforks, and swords, but the islanders had already fled. Later, there was a battle on the ice with the Royal 32nd Regiment, with

5735-584: The Buffalo area, where the toll road runs north–south through Cheektowaga and forms an eastern bypass, using auxiliary routes I-190 and I-290 to serve the city. At a junction with I-290 near Buffalo Niagara International Airport , I-90 turns east to follow the historic Water Level Route of the New York Central Railroad , itself parallel to the 19th-century Erie Canal . The Thruway passes south of Rochester , which it serves via

5890-688: The Cleveland Memorial Shoreway until they split again in Euclid . I-90 briefly turns southeast but resumes its northeastern route after a junction with I-271 in Willoughby Hills . The freeway travels parallel to the Lake Erie shoreline through farmland and exurban towns and crosses into Pennsylvania near Conneaut . Within Pennsylvania, I-90 is non-tolled and generally travels northeast around several communities on

6045-538: The Cuyahoga River and into the lake. A report in Time magazine in 1969 described the lake as a "gigantic cesspool" since only three of 62 beaches were rated "completely safe for swimming". By 1975 the popular commercial fish blue pike had been declared extinct, although the declaration may have been premature. By the 1980s, there were about 130 fishing vessels with about 3,000 workers, but commercial fishing

6200-600: The Deer Lodge Valley . It then turns east to serve Butte , where it overlaps with I-15 for eight miles (13 km) and intersects I-115 . I-90 then continues southeast and crosses the Rocky Mountains and Continental Divide at Homestake Pass , which is the highest point on the entire Interstate at 6,329 feet (1,929 m). The freeway travels east across the Jefferson Valley and passes

6355-553: The Federal Highway Administration , the busiest section of I-90 is in the Chicago area, where a daily average of 306,574 vehicles use the freeway. The lowest daily traffic counts on I-90 were recorded in Wyoming, where an average of 9,820 vehicles used rural sections of the freeway. The western terminus of I-90 is at an intersection with Washington State Route 519 and 4th Avenue South in

Holyoke Mall at Ingleside - Misplaced Pages Continue

6510-699: The Fox Valley . The tollway cuts through the northwestern suburbs of Chicago, where it intersects I-290 in Schaumburg and passes the north side of O'Hare International Airport . On the east side of the airport in Rosemont , I-90 intersects I-294 and I-190 , the latter of which serves the airport's passenger terminals and marks the end of the tollway. The freeway, now named the Kennedy Expressway , travels through northwestern Chicago, where

6665-842: The Illinois Institute of Technology campus, and Washington Park . I-90 splits from the Dan Ryan Expressway in Englewood and turns southeast onto the tolled Chicago Skyway . The tolled Skyway travels towards the Indiana state line, which the freeway crosses near the Calumet River in the East Side . The entirety of I-90 within Indiana is concurrent with the Indiana Toll Road , which crosses

6820-640: The Illinois Tollway system as it traverses the northeastern corner of the state, primarily in the Chicago metropolitan area . It enters the state from Beloit, Wisconsin, and remains concurrent to I-39 and US 51 on the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway through the eastern outskirts of Rockford , where the highways split off. I-90 continues on the tollway as it follows US 20 southeast through Belvidere and Elgin in

6975-470: The Innerbelt Freeway and crosses the Cuyahoga River into Downtown Cleveland on the George V. Voinovich Bridges . The Innerbelt skirts the south side of Downtown Cleveland, where it intersects I-77 near Progressive Field and turns north to bisect the Goodrich–Kirtland Park neighborhood. Near Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport , the freeway makes a sharp, 90-degree turn (nicknamed " Dead Man's Curve " for its frequent crashes ) and rejoins SR 2 on

7130-426: The Jane Byrne Interchange . The freeway continues onto the Dan Ryan Expressway and crosses the Chicago River near Chinatown and an interchange with I-55 . The Dan Ryan is the widest section of I-90, at 12 through lanes, and is split between local and express lanes . I-90/I-94 is joined by the "L" Red Line in the median of the expressway through the city's South Side , where it passes Guaranteed Rate Field ,

7285-446: The La Crosse River , through several towns and Fort McCoy before it reaches a junction with I-94 in Tomah . The two Interstates join at Tomah and travel southeast along the edge of the hills of the Western Upland , following the Lemonweir and Wisconsin rivers. It passes Wisconsin Dells , situated on the gorge of the same name and home to several water parks and theme parks . The freeway travels east from Wisconsin Dells to

7440-405: The Lake Michigan shoreline from Lake Station to Michigan City , while the Indiana Toll Road (I-80/I-90) follows it to the south. The tollway then moves closer to the Michigan –Indiana state line and turns east, passing through the northern outskirts of South Bend and Elkhart . In South Bend, it intersects US 31 and passes near the University of Notre Dame . I-80/I-90 travels parallel to

7595-417: The Mary Stewart ... He first struck the water about 25 miles below Long Point ... During this time Mr. Steiner says he thinks his balloon bounded from the water at least twenty times. It would strike and then rebound, like a ball, going into the air from twenty to fifty feet, and still rushing down the lake at railroad speed ... Mr. Steiner then abandoned the balloon, leaping into the water and swimming towards

7750-482: The Mississippi River . It turns southeast at Dakota and is joined by US 14 until the highways split near La Crescent . I-90 turns east before it reaches La Crescent, where it crosses the Mississippi River on the Dresbach Bridge into Wisconsin. I-90 enters Wisconsin near La Crosse and bisects French Island before it reaches Onalaska . This section is briefly concurrent to US 53 between La Crosse and Onalaska. The freeway travels east, generally along

7905-424: The Neutrals (also known as Attawandaron) lived along the northern shore. The tribal name "erie" is a shortened form of the Iroquoian word erielhonan , meaning "long tail". The name may also come from the word eri , meaning "cherry tree". Near Port Stanley, there is an Indigenous village dating from the 16th century known as the Southwold Earthworks where as many as 800 Neutral Indigenous peoples once lived;

SECTION 50

#1732794499465

8060-416: The Northeast regions of the United States. From the Wisconsin – Illinois state line to Massachusetts , approximately 760 miles (1,220 km) of I-90 uses turnpikes and other tolled highways with the exception of segments in Chicago , northeastern Ohio, Pennsylvania , and Albany, New York . The toll road sections comprise 25 percent of the freeway's total length. According to 2011 data from

8215-419: The Oak Openings Region in Northwest Ohio . There, the sandy dry lake bed soil was not sufficient to support large trees with the exception of a few species of oaks, forming a rare oak savanna . At the time of European contact, there were several Indigenous peoples living around the shores of the eastern end of the lake. The Erie tribe (from whom the lake takes its name) lived along the southern edge, while

8370-431: The Pacific Northwest , Mountain West , Great Plains , Midwest , and the Northeast , ending in Boston , Massachusetts. The highway serves 13 states and has 15 auxiliary routes , primarily in major cities such as Chicago , Cleveland , Buffalo , and Rochester . I-90 begins at Washington State Route 519 in Seattle and crosses the Cascade Range in Washington and the Rocky Mountains in Montana . It then traverses

8525-444: The Portage area, where I-39 begins its concurrency with I-90/I-94. The highway then crosses the Wisconsin River and travels south towards Madison , where it forms an eastern bypass of the city. East of Madison, I-94 separates from I-39/I-90, which continues southeast through Edgerton and Janesville . The highway turns south and enters Beloit , where it intersects I-43 and crosses into Illinois . I-90 uses several sections of

8680-549: The Seaport District . The turnpike then enters the Ted Williams Tunnel , which travels northeast under Boston Harbor to the passenger terminals at Logan International Airport . After it passes the northwest side of the airport, I-90 terminates at an interchange with Route 1A in East Boston . The section between I-93 and the airport was opened in the early 2000s as part of the Big Dig megaproject, which rebuilt several Boston freeways and extended I-90 by 3.5 miles (5.6 km). An east–west controlled access highway to serve

8835-424: The SoDo neighborhood of Seattle . The junction is south of Downtown Seattle , adjacent to the Port of Seattle and two major sports stadiums, Lumen Field and T-Mobile Park . The freeway travels east through an interchange with I-5 and around Beacon Hill before it enters the Mount Baker Ridge Tunnel alongside the future 2 Line of the Link light rail system, set to open in 2025. I-90 emerges from

8990-415: The wood warbler , which had population declines around 60% in 2008. Possible causes for declines in bird populations are farming practices, loss of habitats, soil depletion and erosion, and toxic chemicals. In 2006, concerns arose of possible avian influenza (bird flu) after two wild swans on the lake were found diseased, but they did not contain the H5N1 virus . Sightings of a magnificent frigatebird ,

9145-400: The 1910s along the future route of I-90 between Seattle and Boston. The national numbered highways along the corridor included US 10 from Seattle to Billings, Montana; US 87 from Billings to Buffalo, Wyoming ; US 16 from Buffalo to Portage, Wisconsin ; US 51 from Portage to Rockford, Illinois and US 20 from Rockford to Boston. Major portions of I-90 in

9300-430: The 1980s. The Pennsylvania section was planned in the early 1950s as the "Erie Extension" of the Pennsylvania Turnpike , but was instead completed as a toll-free road in October 1960 with federal funds. The completion of the section also allowed for full use of the New York State Thruway, which had been finished three years earlier but ended abruptly at the state line. I-90 would use several expressways and tollways in

9455-405: The Buffalo District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers determined that the eutrophication was caused by point sources such as industrial outfalls and municipal sanitary and storm sewer outfalls, as well as diffuse sources, such as overland runoff from farm and forest land. All of these sources contribute nutrients, primarily phosphorus, to the lake. Growth of organisms in the lake is then spiked to

SECTION 60

#1732794499465

9610-423: The Canadian mainland, is located on a peninsula extending into the lake. Lake Erie has 31 islands ( 13 in Canada, 18 in the U.S. ), located generally in the western side of the lake. The largest of these is Pelee Island . Lake Erie has a lake retention time of 2.6 years, the shortest of all the Great Lakes. The lake's surface area is 9,910 square miles (25,667 km ). Lake Erie's water level fluctuates with

9765-419: The Chicago area, the earliest of which was the Tri-State Expressway (now the Kingery Expressway), completed in 1950 and extended into Indiana the following year. It was followed by the Congress Expressway in the western suburbs, first opened in 1955, and the Northwest Tollway in 1958. The last section to be completed in Illinois was the toll-free Dan Ryan Expressway , which opened on December 15, 1962, and

9920-443: The Erie Canal). The section through Utica, connected to the city's downtown via I-790 , was built between the lines of SR 49 , which does not merge with the Thruway. I-90 then closely follows the Mohawk River southeast through several towns and villages between the foothills of the Catskill and Adirondack mountains. The Thruway then reaches Schenectady , which it bypasses to the southwest and intersects I-88 and I-890 ,

10075-429: The Great Lakes Commission, the compact aims to prevent diversion of water from Great Lakes to distant states, as well as to set standards for use and conservation. It had support from both political parties, including United States Senator George Voinovich of Ohio and Governor Jennifer Granholm of Michigan, but is not popular in the southwestern states because of frequent drought conditions and water scarcity . Like

10230-449: The Idaho state line. I-90 traverses the Idaho Panhandle region at the north end of the state, where it connects Coeur d'Alene to communities in the Silver Valley . From the Washington state line, the freeway follows the Spokane River through Post Falls and Huetter to the city of Coeur d'Alene, where it intersects US 95 , the state's main north–south highway. I-90 then turns southeast to bypass Coeur d'Alene and travel along

10385-473: The Interstate Highway System, including the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway , Indiana Toll Road , Ohio Turnpike , New York State Thruway , and the Massachusetts Turnpike . These toll roads opened in the 1950s and were followed by toll-free sections in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin that were finished in the 1960s. The Midwestern sections of I-90 were fully completed in 1978, and most of the route between Seattle and South Dakota opened by 1987. The final section, near

10540-418: The Lake Erie shoreline and remains entirely in Erie County . It enters the state in Springfield Township and passes through rural areas along the lake shore, parallel to US 20 and the Lake Road . The freeway then travels through the southern outskirts of Erie , where it intersects I-79 and US 19 . I-90 returns to the rural areas of northeastern Erie County and intersects I-86 before it reaches

10695-458: The Midwest and Northeastern states used existing toll roads built by state governments in the 1950s and 1960s. The Northwest Tollway , Chicago Skyway , Indiana Toll Road , Ohio Turnpike , New York State Thruway , and Massachusetts Turnpike all predate I-90 and were incorporated into the route. This also meant that portions of the route did not adhere to Interstate Highway standards , but they were either deemed adequate or rebuilt to conform by

10850-443: The New York state line near the borough of North East . At 46 miles (74 km), the Pennsylvania section is I-90's shortest within a single state. I-90 enters New York in Chautauqua County and runs concurrently with the mainline of the tolled New York State Thruway . It travels northeast along the Lake Erie shoreline between Lake Road to the north and US 20 to the south through Dunkirk and Fredonia . The highways enter

11005-418: The Niagara River and Niagara Falls into Lake Ontario. Navigation downstream is provided by the Welland Canal, part of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. Other major contributors to Lake Erie include Grand River , Huron River , Maumee River , Sandusky River , Cuyahoga River , and Buffalo River . The drainage basin covers 30,140 square miles (78,100 km ). Point Pelee National Park , the southernmost point of

11160-615: The Northern United States was proposed in the early 20th century in several federal government documents, including reports from the Bureau of Public Roads in the 1930s and 1940s. The Interstate Highway System was created by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 , which was approved by the U.S. Congress and signed into law on June 26, 1956. I-90 was assigned to the northernmost transcontinental route in

11315-710: The Ontario area around Port Rowan burning towns and villages. Generally, however, with the exceptions of the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812—which involved conflicts between the U.S. and the United Kingdom —relations between the U.S. and Canada have been remarkably friendly with an "unfortified boundary" and an agreement "that has kept all fleets of war off the Great Lakes." In 1837, rebellions broke about between Canadian settlers and

11470-609: The Purple Gang . The Coast Guard attempted to interdict the Canadian liquor with its Rum Patrol , and a casino operated on Middle Island . During the 20th century, commercial fishing was prevalent but so was the boom in manufacturing industry around the lake, and often rivers and streams were used as sewers to flush untreated sewage which ended up in the lake. Sometimes poorly constructed sanitary systems meant that when old pipes broke, raw sewage would spill directly into

11625-500: The Put-in-Bay Ice Yacht Club prints them on a map ... On a normal winter day, the ice is dotted with 2,000 fishing shanties. Strong winds have caused lake currents to shift sediment on the bottom, leading to shifting sandbars that have been the cause of shipwrecks. But winds can have a peaceful purpose as well; there have been proposals to place electricity–producing wind turbines in windy and shallow points in

11780-559: The Pyramid Corporation, largely located in suburban areas. Because of this, the mall has been accused of racism by the local community. Northampton City Councilor William H. Dwight, who serves on the Northampton Youth Commission, commented that because teenagers do not have as many places as adults to gather, they are frequently treated like pariahs. "It seems to me the mall is relatively safe. It's

11935-539: The Seattle–Bellevue section. The Snoqualmie Pass section was completed in 1981 with a viaduct for westbound traffic that stands 150 feet (46 m) over Denny Creek. The viaduct replaced an earlier plan for a ground-level freeway at the behest of environmentalists; the Mountains to Sound Greenway was established in 1990 along the corridor between Seattle and Thorp to preserve wilderness and recreational areas and

12090-607: The Talbot Trail in 1809 as a way to stimulate settlement to the area; Talbot recruited settlers from Ireland and Scotland, and there are numerous places named after him in southern Ontario, such as Port Talbot , the Talbot River , and Talbotville . During the War of 1812 , Oliver Hazard Perry captured an entire British fleet in 1813 near Put-in-Bay, Ohio , despite having inferior numbers. American soldiers swept through

12245-615: The Thruway via the Berkshire Connector , which continues east into the Taconic Mountains toward the Massachusetts state line. The mileposts and sequential exit numbers on the New York State Thruway mainline originate from New York City, increasing northward on I-87 and westward on I-90; as a result, the mileposts and exit numbers on I-90 through most of New York run backwards compared to

12400-835: The Yellowstone River through Billings , overlapping with US 87 and US 212 , until it reaches Lockwood , the western terminus of I-94 . The freeways split and I-90 continues east across the Bighorn Basin before it turns south near Hardin to follow the Little Bighorn River into the Crow Indian Reservation . The highway passes the site of the Battle of the Little Bighorn near Crow Agency and continues south along

12555-564: The algal bloom heading toward Pelee Island. Two two-year, $ 2 million studies are trying to understand the "growing zone", which was described as a 10-foot-thick layer of cold water at the bottom, 55 feet (17 m) in one area, which stretches 100 miles [160 km] across the lake's center. It kills fish and microscopic creatures of the lake's food chain and fouls the water, and may cause further problems in later years for sport and commercial fishing. Algal blooms continued in early 2013, but new farming techniques, climate change, and even

12710-650: The archaeological remains include double earth walls winding around the grass-covered perimeter. Europeans named the tribe the Neutral Indians since these people refused to fight with other tribes. Both the Erie and Neutrals were colonized and assimilated by their hostile eastern neighbors, the Iroquois Confederacy , between 1651 and 1657 during the Beaver Wars . For decades after those wars,

12865-440: The area had "made it over the hump" in terms of enduring repeated snowfalls which required much shoveling. Being the shallowest of the Great Lakes, it is the most likely to freeze and frequently does. In contrast, Lake Michigan has never completely frozen over since the warmer and deeper portion is in the south, although it came close to being totally frozen during three harsh winters over the past century. In past years, lake ice

13020-469: The asylum I sought," he once told an interviewer. "I was afraid to inquire where (Canada) was, lest it would betray such a degree of ignorance as to excite suspicion at once." Many fugitives also had to overcome fears instilled by their former masters ... Prior to modern radar and weather forecasting , merchant ships were often caught up in intense gales: A violent gale is blowing on Lake Erie ... The schooner Stranger came in this morning and reports seeing

13175-401: The boat, which speedily reached him ... In 1885, lake winds were so strong that water levels dropped substantially, sometimes by as much as two feet, so that at ports such as Toledo, watercraft could not load coal or depart the port. During the history of the lake as a fishery, there has been marked battling by opposing interest groups: The preservation of the fisheries of Lake Erie has become

13330-483: The clouds of mayflies have caused power outages and roads to become slippery with squashed insects. Zebra mussels filtering extra nutrients from the lake allows the mayfly larvae to thrive. Incidents of birds dying from botulism have occurred, in 2000 and in 2002. Birds affected included grebes , common and red-breasted mergansers , loons , diving ducks, ring-billed gulls , and herring gulls . One account suggests that bird populations are in trouble, notably

13485-531: The completion of Montana's cross-border section. The last two-lane section in Montana, near Springdale , was widened to four lanes in May 1987. One of the last rural sections of I-90 to be built was through Wallace, Idaho , which placed its downtown on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 to prevent its demolition for the freeway. The 1.5-mile (2.4 km) elevated freeway bypassed Wallace to

13640-802: The crest of the mountain range near a ski resort . From Snoqualmie Pass, I-90 follows the Yakima River into the Kittitas Valley and intersects I-82 in Ellensburg after a brief concurrency with U.S. Route 97 (US 97). The highway crosses the Columbia River on the Vantage Bridge and turns northeast to climb the cliffs of the Columbia Plateau near George . After traveling east across Moses Lake and

13795-473: The cyanobacteria ... will produce toxins", said Michael McKay, executive director of the Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research at the University of Windsor . "Not enough is being done to stop fertilizer and phosphorus from getting into the lake and causing blooms," he added. Water testing was being conducted in August. The largest Lake Erie blooms to date occurred in 2015, exceeding

13950-713: The early 1950s and modified to meet Interstate standards. A bypass of Spokane Valley, Washington, opened in November 1956 as the first section in Washington and was extended into neighboring Spokane two years later. Wisconsin opened their first section in November 1959, connecting the terminus of the Illinois Tollway with Janesville, and extended the freeway through the Madison area to Wisconsin Dells in 1962. The Cleveland Innerbelt opened in stages from 1959 to 1962 and

14105-424: The eastern end of the lake. Storm-driven seiches can cause damage onshore. During one storm in November 2003, the water level at Buffalo rose by 7 feet (2.1 m) with waves of 10–15 feet (3.0–4.6 metres) for a rise of 22 feet (6.7 m). Meanwhile, at the western end of the lake, Toledo experienced a similar drop in water level. Lake Erie was carved out by glacier ice and has existed in its current form since

14260-475: The federal preference for mile-based numbers increasing from west to east. The Berkshire Connector uses west-to-east mileposts and exit numbers with a "B" prefix; the toll-free section of I-90 through Albany and Rensselaer uses conventional west-to-east mileposts and exit numbers despite being geographically north–south. I-90 is currently the only Interstate that has a complete set of nine spur routes within one state, all numbers being used. In addition, I-990 ,

14415-511: The gale and high seas. A balloonist named John Steiner of Philadelphia made an ambitious trip across the lake in 1857. His voyage was described in The New York Times : He arose to the height of about three miles, and started off at a slow but steady rate ... The lake could be seen from one end to the other nearly ... At one time Mr. Steiner counted 38 sail vessels, all in sight, and far below him. The hands on board several of

14570-569: The gateway to Mount Rushmore . It then skirts the northern edge of Rapid City, which is served by spur route I-190 , and passes Ellsworth Air Force Base while it continues east across the plains. I-90 splits from US 14 near Wall , home to the Wall Drug roadside attraction and located northeast of Badlands National Park . The freeway travels southeast into the Buffalo Gap National Grassland and also passes

14725-731: The headwaters of the Missouri River near Three Forks . It then enters the Gallatin Valley . I-90 travels around Bozeman , where it is joined by US 191 , and crosses Bozeman Pass between the Bridger and Gallatin mountains. At the east end of the mountains, the freeway begins to follow the Yellowstone River and is briefly concurrent with US 89 , which serves Yellowstone National Park , and splits from US 191 at Big Timber . I-90 continues along

14880-492: The ice to clear before proceeding. Since slavery had been abolished in Canada in 1833 but was still legal in southern U.S. , a Lake Erie crossing was sometimes required for fugitive slaves seeking freedom: When Kentucky fugitive Lewis Clarke arrived in Cleveland, he had no idea how to find Canada. "I went out to the shore of the lake again and again, to try and see the other side, but I could see no hill, mountain, nor city of

15035-499: The increased population and size of smallmouth bass in Lake Erie. In 2008, concerns arose that the "newest invader swarming in the Great Lakes", the bloody-red shrimp , might harm fish populations and promote algal blooms . Environmentalists and biologists study lake conditions via installations such as the Franz Theodore Stone Laboratory on Gibraltar Island . The lab, which was established in 1895,

15190-513: The introduction of Pacific salmon . Occasionally there have been mass die-offs of certain species of fish, sometimes for reasons unknown, such as many numbers of rainbow smelt in May 2010. The lake has been plagued with a number of invasive species , including zebra and quagga mussels, the goby , and the grass carp . One estimate was that 180 invasive species are in the Great Lakes, some having traveled in ballast water in international ships. Zebra mussels and gobies have been credited with

15345-615: The island and enters Bellevue , the largest city of the Eastside region, and intersects I-405 near Factoria . I-90 then travels along Lake Sammamish and through Issaquah as it leaves the Seattle metropolitan area and ascends into the Cascade Range on the Mountains to Sound Greenway , a designated National Heritage Area and National Scenic Byway . The freeway crosses Snoqualmie Pass , elevation 3,022 feet (921 m), at

15500-589: The lake and along the coast. Steel Winds , a former steel mill site in Buffalo, has been developed as an urban wind farm housing 14 turbines capable of generating up to 35 megawatts of electricity. A plan by Samsung to build an offshore wind farm on the north shore of the lake, from Port Maitland to Nanticoke for a distance of 15.5 mi (24.9 km), has been met with opposition from residents. Canadians near Leamington and Kingsville have organized protest groups to thwart attempts to bring wind turbines to

15655-446: The lake in the 1970s. The conservation practices are not monitored and have not been kept up. One recent account suggests that the seasonal algal blooms in Lake Erie were possibly caused by runoff from cities, fertilizers, zebra mussels, and livestock near water. A second report focuses on the zebra mussels as being the cause of dead zones, since they filter so much sediment that this produces an overgrowth of algae. One report suggests

15810-558: The lake is also host to invasive species of the Phragmites reed genus. An ongoing concern is that nutrient overloading from fertilizers and human and animal waste, known as eutrophication , in which additional nitrogen and phosphorus enter the lake, will cause plant life to "run wild and multiply like crazy". Since fewer wetlands remain to filter nutrients, and greater channelization of waterways, nutrients in water can cause algal blooms to sprout, with "low-oxygen dead zones" in

15965-863: The lake is via the Niagara River , which provides hydroelectric power to Canada and the U.S. as it spins huge turbines near Niagara Falls at Lewiston, New York , and Queenston, Ontario . Some outflow occurs via the Welland Canal , part of the Saint Lawrence Seaway , which diverts water for ship passages from Port Colborne , Ontario, on Lake Erie, to St. Catharines on Lake Ontario , an elevation difference of 326 ft (99 m). Lake Erie's environmental health has been an ongoing concern for decades, with issues such as overfishing , pollution , algae blooms , and eutrophication generating headlines. Lake Erie (42.2° N, 81.2W) has

16120-428: The lake's return to health after 40 years of absence. Each is 1.5 in (38 mm) long; the three main species of mayflies are Ephemera simulans , Hexagenia rigida , and H. limbata . The insects mate over a 72-hour period from June through September; they fly in masses up to the shore, mate in the air, then females lay up to 8,000 eggs each over the water; the eggs sink back down and the cycle repeats. Sometimes,

16275-463: The lake's tempering effect. Along the southeastern shore of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York is an important grape -growing region, as are the islands in the lake. Apple orchards are abundant in northeast Ohio to western New York. According to one estimate, 34 to 36 inches (860 to 910 mm) of water evaporate each year from the surface of the lake, which allows for rainfall and other precipitation in surrounding areas. Reports are conflicting about

16430-579: The lake, the location of which varies. Scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration have been studying the lake's blue-green algal blooms and trying to find ways to predict when they are spreading or where they might make landfall; typically, the blooms arrive late each summer. This problem was extreme in the mid- and late 1960s, and the Lake Erie Wastewater Management Study conducted by

16585-443: The lake. They also race iceboats , which resemble sailboats on skates ... Many people drive to other islands for dinner with friends. They ride in cars with the roofs and doors chopped off so they can escape if the vehicles fall through the ice. Islanders stab evergreen trees into the ice every 50 yards [46 m] to mark a route ... Even in the coldest winters, there are dangerous patches of thin ice. The cracks are so predictable that

16740-459: The lake; reasons against the turbines include spoiling lake views. Plans to install turbines in Pigeon Bay, south of Leamington were met with opposition as well. The notion that bird and bat migration may be hurt by the wind turbines has been used to argue against the wind turbines as well. The lake is responsible for microclimates that are important to agriculture. Along its north shore

16895-415: The land around eastern Lake Erie was claimed and utilized by the Iroquois as a hunting ground. As the power of the Iroquois waned during the last quarter of the 17th century, several other, mainly Anishinaabe , displaced them from the territories they claimed on the north shore of the lake. There was a legend of an Indigenous woman named Huldah, who, despairing over her lost British lover, hurled herself from

17050-478: The last ice age. Before this, the land on which the lake now sits went through several complex stages. A large lowland basin formed over two million years ago as a result of an eastern flowing river that existed well before the Pleistocene ice ages . This ancient drainage system was destroyed by the first major glacier in the area, while it deepened and enlarged the lowland areas, allowing water to settle and form

17205-464: The latter of which serves the city's downtown. The highway continues southeast into Albany to a junction with I-87 , where I-90 splits from the Thruway, which turns south to serve New York City . I-90 travels east as a toll-free freeway through the northern neighborhoods of Albany and intersects I-787 before it crosses the Hudson River . The freeway travels south around Rensselaer and rejoins

17360-421: The local Latino population. The policy (implemented on September 9, 2005) requires all patrons under the age of eighteen to be accompanied by a parent or guardian on Friday and Saturday nights after 4:00 PM. Anyone who appears to be under 18 can be asked to show identification such as a school ID card or a driver's license. This policy is not enforced in the majority of the approximately twenty complexes managed by

17515-658: The main beltway around Boston, on the border of Weston and Newton . The turnpike continues along the Charles River into Boston, where it descends into a tunnel that passes Boston University , Fenway Park , and under the Prudential Tower complex in the Back Bay neighborhood. I-90 intersects I-93 on the south side of Downtown Boston and travels under the Fort Point Channel to serve

17670-441: The mall were approved in 1973, with $ 1.2 million granted for construction. Before construction on the mall began, the main access road, Whiting Farms Road, was extended and referred to as the "road to nowhere" by critics before opening. The mall had also opened with 125 retail stores and an eight-screen theater located in the basement alongside the food court. The mall was expanded and renovated in 1995, adding an entirely new wing to

17825-482: The mall with a relocated G. Fox being constructed at the end, as well as some of the first in-mall locations for Toys "R" Us and Christmas Tree Shops . At the time it was expanded, it was billed as the largest mall in New England . Around this time Lord & Taylor announced a store to be completed by November 1993. Pyramid in 1998 proposed a 1,400,000-square-foot (130,000 m) expansion that would have added

17980-597: The north and cost $ 42 million (equivalent to $ 84 million in 2023 dollars) to construct. It opened on September 5, 1991, and the city ceremonially retired the last stoplight on I-90 a week later. The Idaho section was declared fully complete in July 1992 after the Veterans Memorial Centennial Bridge opened near Coeur d'Alene. Washington was the last state to complete its section of I-90, primarily due to disputes and litigation over

18135-540: The northern Great Plains and travels southeast through Wisconsin and the Chicago area by following the southern shore of Lake Michigan . The freeway continues across Indiana and follows the shore of Lake Erie through Ohio and Pennsylvania to Buffalo. I-90 travels across New York by roughly following the historic Erie Canal and traverses Massachusetts , reaching its eastern terminus at Massachusetts Route 1A near Logan International Airport in Boston. The freeway

18290-414: The northern outskirts of Albert Lea and intersects I-35 northeast of the city. It then reaches Austin and a brief concurrency with US 218 . From Austin, the freeway turns northeast to head towards Rochester , which it bypasses to the south and intersects US 63 and US 52 . I-90 continues east into the hilly Driftless Area and descends from the bluffs that overlook Lake Onalaska on

18445-491: The northern suburbs of Springfield , where it intersects I-91 and crosses the Connecticut River into Chicopee . I-90 then crosses over I-391 without an interchange and serves as the northern terminus of I-291 on the eastern outskirts of the city. The turnpike continues east through the hills of Central Massachusetts and serves as the eastern terminus of I-84 in the town of Sturbridge . From Sturbridge,

18600-418: The other Great Lakes, Erie produces lake-effect snow when the first cold winds of winter pass over the warm waters. When the temperatures of the relatively warm surface water and the colder air separate to at least 18 °F (10 °C) to 23 °F (13 °C) apart, then "lake-effect snow becomes possible:" As cold air flows over the warm water, the lake warms and moistens the air. Since warm, moist air

18755-427: The overall effect of global warming on the Great Lakes region, including Lake Erie. One account suggests that climate change is causing greater evaporation of lake water, leading to warmer temperatures, as well as thinner or nonexistent ice in winter, which is fueling concerns that "Erie appears to be shrinking" and is the most likely candidate among the five Great Lakes to "turn into a festering mud puddle." In 2010,

18910-433: The oxygen-poor zone began about 1993 in the lake's central basin and becomes more pronounced during summer, but is somewhat of a mystery why this happens. Some scientists speculate that the dead zone is a naturally occurring phenomenon. Another report cites Ohio's Maumee River as the main source of polluted runoff of phosphorus from industries, municipalities, tributaries and agriculture, and in 2008, satellite images showed

19065-429: The point that oxygen levels are depleted. Recommendations were made for reducing point-source outflows, and reducing farm contributions of phosphorus by changing fertilizer usage, employing no-till farming, and other conservative practices. Many industrial and municipal sources have since been greatly reduced. The improved farming practices, which were voluntary, were followed for a while, resulting in remarkable recovery of

19220-416: The rebels being driven to retreat. Settlers established commercial fisheries on the north coast of the lake around the 1850s. An important business was fishing. In the pre-Civil War years, railways sprouted everywhere, and around 1852 there were railways circling the lake. Maritime traffic picked up, although the lake was usually closed because of ice from December to early April, and ships had to wait for

19375-519: The rise of the automobile in the 1950s drastically cut demand for their services. The Detroit and Cleveland Navigation company was one of the largest and most renowned of these companies. During the Prohibition years from 1919 to 1933, a "great deal of alcohol crossed Erie" along with "mobster corpses" dumped into the Detroit River which sometimes washed up on the beaches of Pelee Island. Notable rum runners included Thomas Joseph McGinty and

19530-612: The river and the Wolf Mountains into Wyoming. From 1995 to 1999, there was no numbered daytime speed limit on rural highways in Montana, including I-90. The speed limit was simply defined as "reasonable and proper" as determined on a case-by-case basis by the Montana Highway Patrol until the Montana Supreme Court ruled it was unconstitutional. The maximum daytime speed limit in Montana

19685-477: The seasons as in the other Great Lakes. Generally, the lowest levels are in January and February and the highest in June or July, although there have been exceptions. The average yearly level varies depending on long-term precipitation. Short-term level changes are often caused by seiches that are particularly high when southwesterly winds blow across the length of the lake during storms. These cause water to pile up at

19840-506: The severity index at 10.5 and in 2011 at a 10, according to the NOAA. In early August, the 2019 bloom was expected to measure 7.5 on the severity index, but could range between 6 and 9. At that time, satellite images depicted a bloom stretching up to 1,300 square kilometres (500 sq mi) on Lake Erie, with the epicenter near Toledo, Ohio . The Lake Erie water snake, a subspecies of the northern water snake ( Nerodia sipedon ), lives in

19995-714: The shortest average water residence time . At its deepest point, Lake Erie is 210 feet (64 m) deep, making it the only Great Lake whose deepest point is above sea level. Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States , Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario , specifically the Ontario Peninsula , with the U.S. states of Michigan , Ohio , Pennsylvania , and New York on its western, southern, and eastern shores. These jurisdictions divide

20150-422: The snowiest city is Syracuse, New York , which can receive heavy snowfall from both the lake effect process and large coastal cyclones. A storm around Christmas in 2001 pounded Buffalo with 7 feet (2.1 m) of snow. The effects of the warmer lake water is reduced when the lake freezes over. In January 2011, for example, residents of Cleveland were glad when Lake Erie was "90 percent frozen" since it meant that

20305-817: The southern portion of Minnesota and carries unsigned Legislative Route 391 across the state. From the South Dakota border near Beaver Creek to Albert Lea , the freeway travels east across farmland and towns in the plains and rolling hills of the Buffalo Ridge . It also intersects several north–south highways, including US 75 in Luverne , US 59 in Worthington , US 71 in Jackson , and US 169 in Blue Earth . I-90 travels around

20460-779: The state line until it reaches an interchange with I-69 near Fremont , where it turns southeast. The tollway then turns east and crosses the Ohio state line near Angola . At the state line near Montpelier , I-80/I-90 transitions from the Indiana Toll Road to the Ohio Turnpike , which crosses northern Ohio. The highway continues east around several rural towns as it approaches the Toledo area. The turnpike crosses under I-475 in Maumee without an interchange; access to I-475

20615-588: The state's northern fringe and is mostly shared with I-80 . From the Illinois state line, the tollway travels south through Hammond and turns east to follow the Grand Calumet River through northern Gary , where it intersects US 41 and US 12. I-90 then crosses I-65 in eastern Gary and I-94 in Lake Station , where it begins a concurrency with I-80. I-94 travels northeast near

20770-552: The surface area of the lake with water boundaries. The largest city on the lake is Cleveland , anchoring the third largest U.S. metro area in the Great Lakes region , after Greater Chicago and Metro Detroit . Other major cities along the lake shore include Buffalo, New York ; Erie, Pennsylvania ; and Toledo, Ohio . Situated below Lake Huron , Erie's primary inlet is the Detroit River . The main natural outflow from

20925-404: The surrounding agricultural region, I-90 begins a long concurrency with US 395 at Ritzville as the highways turn northeast towards Spokane . I-90/US 395 is joined by US 2 through western Spokane, where it intersects US 195 . The freeway crosses downtown Spokane on an elevated viaduct and splits from US 2 and US 395 to continue east across Spokane Valley towards

21080-629: The system by the American Association of State Highway Officials in 1957. The freeway would travel along existing parts of the United States Numbered Highway System , which was established at the suggestion of the federal government in 1926 to replace the named auto trails . Among these auto trails, which were generally designated by private motorist organizations, were the transcontinental Yellowstone Trail and National Parks Highway , created in

21235-454: The tunnel on a pair of floating bridges , among the longest of their kind: the eastbound-only Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and the Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge , which carries westbound traffic and the future light rail line. The floating bridges cross Lake Washington to Mercer Island , where I-90 travels through a series of tunnels under 14 acres (5.7 ha) of parkland, including Aubrey Davis Park . The freeway continues from

21390-448: The turnpike travels northeast towards Worcester and passes through the city's southern outskirts. It serves as the respective northern and western terminus of I-395 and I-290 in Auburn , located southwest of Worcester, and continues to an interchange with I-495 near Westborough at the edge of Greater Boston . I-90 travels through the western suburbs of Boston and travels through Framingham before it intersects I-95 / Route 128 ,

21545-489: The turnpike). The freeway then merges with SR 2 and continues northeast through the lakeshore suburbs west of Cleveland , including Rocky River and Lakewood . I-90 and SR 2 separate after crossing the Rocky River and travel parallel to each other as they enter Cleveland. I-90 continues through the southwestern residential neighborhoods of Cleveland and reaches a junction with I-71 and I-490 in Tremont , where it turns north. From Tremont, I-90 turns north onto

21700-410: The vessels saw him, and rightly apprehending that he was an aeronaut, cheered him heartily ... He neared the Canada shore a little below Long Point ... he was accordingly driven towards Buffalo ... Night was drawing on and it became apparent that he could not, with this current, get away from the water before dark, and after nightfall it would not be safe to come down. Seeing a propeller (powered boat) ...

21855-525: The vicinity of Ohio's Put-in-Bay Harbor and had been placed on the threatened species list. By 2010, the water snake population was over 12,000 snakes. While they have a nonvenomous bite, they are a key predator in the lake's aquatic ecosystem since they feed on mudpuppies , walleye , and smallmouth bass . The snake is helpful in keeping the population of goby fish in check. They mate from late May through early June and can be found in large mating balls with one female bunched within several males. In 1999,

22010-446: The western terminus in Seattle, opened in September 1993; an eastern extension in Boston was completed in 2003 as part of the Big Dig project. I-90 is the longest Interstate Highway in the United States, spanning 3,021 miles (4,862 km) across the northern portion of the coterminous part of the country. The transcontinental freeway passes through 13 states in the Pacific Northwest , Mountain West , Great Plains , Midwest , and

22165-451: Was declared complete in September 1978 with a dedication at Blue Earth, where a golden line was painted to emulate the golden spike of the first transcontinental railroad . Two months later, Ohio finished its last section west of Cleveland. The western states were the last to complete their segments of I-90. Wyoming opened its final section, from the Montana state line to Sheridan, in July 1985 and dedicated it three months later following

22320-457: Was declining rapidly, particularly from the American side. In 2005, the Great Lakes states of Ohio , Michigan , New York , Pennsylvania , Illinois , Indiana , Wisconsin , and Minnesota and the Canadian Provinces of Ontario and Quebec endorsed the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Compact. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush in September 2008. An international water-rights policy overseen by

22475-509: Was deeper than the current Lake Erie, and its shoreline existed about eight miles (13 km) inland from the modern one. The shorelines of these lakes left behind high ground sand ridges that cut through swamps and were used as trails for Native peoples and later, pioneers. These trails became primitive roads which were eventually paved. U.S. Route 30 west of Delphos, Ohio , and U.S. Route 20 west of Norwalk and east of Cleveland were formed in this manner. The ancient sand dunes are visible in

22630-403: Was described as the "world's widest freeway" at the time. In 1965, the designation for I-90 was switched with I-94 south of Chicago, which moved it to the tolled Chicago Skyway (completed in 1958); the change was requested by the Illinois and Indiana state governments to avoid confusion and provide a continuous toll connection to the Indiana Toll Road, which had been fully opened in 1956. I-90

22785-468: Was designated as a National Scenic Byway in 1998, a first for an Interstate Highway. The extension into Seattle was completed in stages between 1989 and 1993 and cost $ 1.56 billion (equivalent to $ 2.97 billion in 2023 dollars) to construct. The project involved construction of a new floating bridge , expansion of the Mount Baker Ridge Tunnel, addition of lids with parks, and extensive mitigation for environmental and social impacts. The project

22940-467: Was established by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 , replacing a series of existing U.S. highways that had been preceded by local roads and auto trails established in the early 20th century. I-90 was numbered in 1957, reflecting its status as the northernmost transcontinental route of the system, and construction was underway on several sections with funding from the Federal-Aid Highway Act. The route also incorporates several toll roads that predate

23095-711: Was followed by extensions to Buffalo and the Albany area by the end of the year. It was extended to the Pennsylvania state line in 1957 and to the Massachusetts Turnpike via the Berkshire Connector in 1959. The Berkshire section linked with the Massachusetts Turnpike, which had opened in 1957 from the state line to Newton, a distance of 123 miles (198 km). The turnpike was extended into Boston in two stages: first by 9 miles (14 km) from Newton to Allston in September 1964; and finally with an extension to I-93 near South Station in Downtown Boston that opened on February 18, 1965. The freeway also incorporated other non-tolled expressway bypasses planned by state governments in

23250-562: Was initially set at 75 mph (120 km/h) in 1999 and was later raised to 80 mph (130 km/h) in 2015. I-90 serves a portion of northeastern Wyoming that is primarily rural. The freeway, briefly concurrent to US 14 , travels southeast along a series of creeks to Sheridan in the northeastern foothills of the Bighorn Mountains . I-90 and US 87 split in Sheridan and travel parallel to each other to Fort Phil Kearny , where they rejoin and continue south past Lake Desmet to Buffalo . The highways split again near Buffalo at

23405-438: Was moved onto the Kennedy Expressway in 1977 and its western route was replaced with I-290 from Schaumburg to the Circle Interchange in Chicago. The other tolled sections of I-90 were completed in the 1950s by their respective state governments. The 241-mile (388 km) Ohio Turnpike opened to traffic on October 1, 1955, three years after construction began. The first segment of the New York Thruway opened in June 1954 and

23560-401: Was originally planned to be completed in 1992, but was delayed a year due to the sinking of the original floating bridge during renovations in November 1990; the bridge was rebuilt and opened for eastbound traffic on September 12, 1993. Extensions at both termini of I-90 were completed in the early 2000s as part of separate projects. The west end at Washington State Route 519 in Seattle

23715-516: Was originally planned to connect with the Parma Freeway , which would have carried I-90 around the northwest side of Downtown Cleveland . It was later cancelled in the 1960s amid public opposition . The first Minnesota section, built to bypass Austin, began construction in 1957 and opened in 1961. Wisconsin was among the first states to complete its rural Interstate system and opened its final section of I-90, from La Crosse to Tomah, in November 1969. The section around Albany, New York, built as

23870-463: Was rebuilt as a series of ramps near Safeco Field (now T-Mobile Park) to replace an existing intersection. A component of the Big Dig megaproject in Boston that extended I-90 east by 3.5 miles (5.6 km) under Fort Point Channel and Boston Harbor to Logan International Airport opened on January 18, 2003, at a cost of $ 6.5 billion (equivalent to $ 10.3 billion in 2023 dollars). The Fort Point Channel tunnel later closed in July 2006 due to

24025-470: Was so thick that it was possible to drive over it or go sailing on iceboats . Many lake residents take advantage of the ice and travel; some drive to Canada and back: The first ice usually forms in late November, and by January it locks into place. For islanders in the Western Basin, it is the equivalent of summer vacation ... Once the lake freezes, islanders organize impromptu ice rallies. Families gather to drink hot wine and race all-terrain vehicles across

#464535