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33-412: Not only is it Palau’s least populous state, but it is the least populous first-level administrative subdivision in the world as well as being the 13th smallest first level administrative subdivision. The population of the state was 25 in the 2015 census and median age was 21.5 years. Tobian , English , and Palauan are the official languages of Hatohobei State. In June 1972, the resident population

66-471: A breeding colony of black noddies , with some 25,000 birds estimated in 2004. There are also nesting populations of sooty and greater crested terns . 50 km east of Helen Reef is Transit Reef ( Pieraurou ), which appears on some maps and which is referenced as an island in the Hatohobei State constitution and constitutes the southernmost feature of Palau. Its existence as island , however,

99-559: A country is sometimes called the " first-level (or first-order ) administrative division" or "first administrative level". Its next subdivision might be called "second-level administrative division" or "second administrative level" and so on. An alternative terminology is provided by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics which terms the principal division as the second level or NUTS-2. Administrative divisions are conceptually separate from dependent territories , with

132-455: A ground scrape or hole and lays a single egg, typically in the afternoon. Although "two-egg clutches" have been reported, they probably occur when an egg from one nest rolls into another. It feeds by picking fish from the surface in marine environments, often in large flocks, and rarely comes to land except to breed, and can stay out to sea for 3 to 10 years. Due to the lack of oil in its feathers, it cannot float, and spends that entire time on

165-406: A number of smaller entities. Within those entities are the large and small cities or towns, which may or may not be the county seat . Some of the world's larger cities culturally, if not officially, span several counties, and those crossing state or provincial boundaries have much in common culturally as well, but are rarely incorporated within the same municipal government. Many sister cities share

198-660: A particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Usually, sovereign states have several levels of administrative division. Common names for the principal (largest) administrative divisions include: states (subnational states, rather than sovereign states), provinces , lands , oblasts and regions . These in turn are often subdivided into smaller administrative units known by names such as comarcas , raions or districts , which are further subdivided into municipalities , communes or communities constituting

231-427: A province, region, canton, land, governorate, oblast, emirate, or country. Administrative units that are not federated or confederated but enjoy a greater degree of autonomy or self-government than other territories within the same country can be considered autonomous regions or de facto constituent states of that country. This relationship is by some authors called a federacy or asymmetric federalism . An example

264-502: A sand dune, which is 0.25 km² in extent and which is moving southeast, falling into the lagoon, at a rate 3 to 4 m per year. The island is uninhabited except for a marine ranger station of Hatohobei State, which was established in the early 1990s on the eastern side of the island, to guard the reef against foreign poachers. The station is permanently occupied by a staff of three. The island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports

297-700: A water boundary, which quite often serves as a border of both cities and counties. For example, Cambridge and Boston , Massachusetts appear to the casual traveler as one large city, while locally they each are quite culturally different and occupy different counties. General terms for these incorporated places include " municipality ", " settlement ", "locality", and "populated place". Sooty tern 2-9, see text Onychoprion fuscata ( lapsus ) Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 Sterna fuliginosa J.F. Gmelin , 1789 Sterna fuscata fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 Sterna fuscata nubilosa and see text The sooty tern ( Onychoprion fuscatus )

330-534: Is Latin for "dark". Colloquially, it is known as the wideawake tern or just wideawake. This refers to the incessant calls produced by a colony of these birds, as does the Hawaiian name ʻewa ʻewa which roughly means " cacophony ". In most of Polynesia its name is manutara or similar – literally "tern-bird", though it might be better rendered in English as "the tern" or "common tern". This refers to

363-467: Is (by area or population), the fewer levels of administrative divisions it has. For example, Vatican City does not have any administrative subdivisions, and Monaco has only one level (both are city-states ), while such countries as France and Pakistan have five levels each. The United States is composed of states, possessions, territories , and a federal district , each with varying numbers of subdivisions. The principal administrative division of

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396-405: Is 25 km long and nearly 10 km wide, with a lagoon area of 103 km² and a total area including reef flat of 163 km². A channel leads into the lagoon from near the middle of the western side of the reef. Immediately south of the channel is Round Rock, which dries. The lagoon has about 85 patch and pinnacle Reefs. When the tide is falling, the water flows out of the lagoon and over

429-433: Is 32 years. Juvenile sooty terns are scaly grey above and below. The sooty tern is unlikely to be confused with any tern apart from the similarly dark-backed but smaller bridled tern ( O. anaethetus ). It is darker-backed than that species, and has a broader white forehead and no pale neck collar. The call is a loud piercing ker-wack-a-wack or kvaark. Sooty terns breed in colonies on rocky or coral islands. It nests in

462-462: Is a seabird in the family Laridae . It is a bird of the tropical oceans, returning to land only to breed on islands throughout the equatorial zone. The sooty tern was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1766 as Sterna fuscata , bearing this name for many years until the genus Sterna was split up. It is now known as Onychoprion fuscatus . The genus name is from ancient Greek onux , "claw" or "nail", and prion , "saw". The specific fuscatus

495-491: Is doubtful, as it is not listed in the current Sailing Directions. The literal translation of its Tobian name Pieraurou is "Sandy Navigation Point", referring to a submerged sand bar rather than a reef or island. There is little information available on traditional village patterns in the Southwest Islands. Osborne noted several individual old dwelling places and one concentration of platforms and pathways. There

528-428: Is located some 450 km southwest of Angaur . These small outer islands are both physically and culturally distinct from the rest of Palau. The islands are miniature platforms of raised reef composed of coralline limestone. The islands have sandy soils covered with atoll-like vegetation. Tochobei Island is low with a depressed, swampy interior. At least a part of the depression is the result of phosphate mining during

561-730: Is no fixed rule, for " all politics is local " as is perhaps well demonstrated by their relative lack of systemic order. In the realm of self-government, any of these can and does occur along a stretch of road—which for the most part is passing through rural, unsettled countryside. Since the terms are administrative political divisions of the local regional government, their exact relationship and definitions are subject to home rule considerations, tradition, as well as state statute law and local governmental (administrative) definition and control. In British cultural legacy, some territorial entities began with fairly expansive counties which encompass an appreciably large area, but were divided over time into

594-450: Is some information available on traditional fishing practices. The surrounding ocean provided the primary source of protein and was probably intensely exploited prehistorically. Given the limited amount of land, it is expected that almost all of it would have been intensively exploited by settlement or subsistence activities. The people of the Southwest Islands and Tochobei (Tobi) share a cultural heritage that shows close ties with peoples of

627-485: Is the autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan within Uzbekistan . Due to variations in their use worldwide, consistency in the translation of terms from non-English to English is sometimes difficult to maintain. In many of the following terms originating from British cultural influence, areas of relatively low mean population density might bear a title of an entity one would expect to be either larger or smaller. There

660-633: The Gulf of Guinea . This species is a rare vagrant to western Europe, although a bird was present at Cemlyn Bay , Wales for 11 days in July 2005. It is also not normally found on the Pacific coasts of the Americas due to its pelagic habits. At Baja California , where several nesting locations are offshore, it can be seen more frequently, whereas for example only two individuals have ever been recorded on

693-553: The Indian Ocean population and use the following subspecies for the birds from Indonesia to the Americas : This is a large tern, similar in size to the Sandwich tern ( Thalasseus sandvicensis ) at 33–36 cm (13–14 in) long with an 82–94 cm (32.5–37 in) wingspan. The wings and deeply forked tail are long, and it has dark black upperparts and white underparts. It has black legs and bill. The average life span

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726-566: The Japanese administration. Large stands of coconut palms line the beaches forming the primary resource for the only industry on the islands: copra production. Today, the islands are largely uninhabited as most of the native population lives in Koror or on Ngerekebesang Island. Even so, the natives retain a strong sense of cultural pride in their heritage and a firm commitment to their islands. The individual islands of Hatohobei, together with

759-1045: The central Caroline Islands , more than 1000 km to the northeast and on the other side of Palau. The migration of these people to the Southwest Islands must be one of the truly remarkable events in the prehistory of the Pacific. Heimong is the title of the traditional high chief from the state. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from Snyder, David.; Adams, William Hampton; Butler, Brian M. (1997). Archaeology and historic preservation in Palau . Anthropology research series / Division of Cultural Affairs, Republic of Palau 2. San Francisco: U.S. National Park Service. Administrative subdivision List of forms of government Administrative divisions (also administrative units , administrative regions , #-level subdivisions , subnational entities , or constituent states , as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which

792-490: The coast of El Salvador - one ring recovered in 1972, and a bird photographed on October 10, 2001 at Lake Olomega which was probably blown there by a storm. Hurricanes can also devastate small breeding colonies, as has been surmised for example for the sooty tern nesting sites on cays off the San Andrés Islands of Colombia . An exceptionally common bird, the sooty tern is not considered threatened by

825-601: The fact that wherever Polynesian seafarers went on their long voyages, they usually would find these birds in astounding numbers. It is also known as kaveka in the Marquesas Islands , where dishes using its eggs are a delicacy. The sooty tern has little interspecific variation, but it can be divided into at least two allopatric subspecies. Some recent authors further subdivide the Indopacific population into up to eight subspecies altogether, but much of

858-431: The former being an integral part of the state and the other being only under some lesser form of control. However, the term "administrative division" can include dependent territories as well as accepted administrative divisions (for example, in geographical databases ). Communities united in a federation under a federal government are more specifically known as federated states . A federated state may be referred to as

891-507: The islands of the state of Sonsorol , form the Southwest Islands of Palau. Tobi ( Hatohobei or Kodgubi) Island was once the main island of the state (together with the permanently manned Marine Ranger Station on the second island, Helen Island). The land area is 0.85 km². Its highest point is 6 m, while most of the island is less than 3 m high. Most of the houses are situated in the abandoned village of Tobi ( Hatohobei ) on

924-599: The reef in all directions until the reef is uncovered, and then flows out through the channel on the western side. On the rising tide, a reverse effect is noted. Only few parts of the reef completely dry. Helen Island was discovered by the Spanish naval officer Felipe Tompson in 1773, who charted it as San Felix shoal. The only island of the reef, it is located near its northern tip. It is tiny in comparison to Helen Reef, about 20 to 40 m wide and 400 m long, or about 0.03 km² of land area. The densely wooded island sits atop

957-402: The smallest units of subdivision (the local governments ). Some administrative division names (such as departments , cantons , prefectures , counties or governorates ) can be used for principal, second-level, or third-level divisions. The levels of administrative divisions and their structure largely varies by country (and sometimes within a single country). Usually the smaller the country

990-402: The southwestern side of the island, the state capital . The island is covered with coconut palms. A cultivated area was situated near the center of the island. The island is fringed by a reef that extends up to 800 m from the shore in the north. Helen or Helens Reef ( Hotsarihie ), about 70 km east of Tobi Island, is a largely submerged atoll , with just one islet (Helen Island). The atoll

1023-624: The variation is really clinal . The affinities of eastern Pacific birds (including the famous manutara of Easter Island ) are most strongly contested. Onychoprion fuscatus fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1766) – Atlantic sooty tern Underparts white. Breeds Atlantic and Caribbean . Onychoprion fuscatus nubilosus (Sparrman, 1788) – Indopacific sooty tern, or Indian Ocean sooty tern if more subspecies are accepted. Underparts light grey in fresh plumage, dull white in worn plumage. Breeds from Red Sea across Indian Ocean to at least central Pacific . Some authors restrict this taxon to

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1056-437: The wing. This bird is migratory and dispersive , wintering more widely through the tropical oceans. It has very marine habits compared to most terns; sooty terns are generally found inland only after severe storms . The Field Museum , for example, has a male specimen which was found exhausted on August 2, 1933 on the slopes of Mount Cameroon above Buea , about 1,000 m (3,300 ft) ASL , after foul weather had hit

1089-525: Was 79. The population was 80 in 1962, 51 in 1995, 23 in 2000, and 25 in 2015. Hatohobei has its own constitution, adopted in 1983. The state government was established in 1984. The state of Hatohobei, with a population of 25, has an elected chief executive, the governor. The state also has a legislature elected every four years. The state population elects one of the members of the House of Delegates of Palau . Governors of Hatohobei until 2008: Tochobei (Tobi)

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