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26-478: Hazrat Ishaan was the second son of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Sharifuddin son of Ziauddin son of Muhammad son of Tajuddin son of Hussein son of Zahra daughter of Bahauddin Naqshband Damrel additionally highlights Mahmuds maternal descent from Ahmad Yasavi and Imam Hussein and thus his direct bilateral descent from Muhammad . Modern Genealogists also add a biological connection between Abdul Qadir Gilani and

52-582: A Turkic component as well. Three generations after Baha al-Din's death, the Naqshbandi started receiving support among the Turkic inhabitants of Central Asia , thus displaying an all-inclusive appeal. Baha al-Din died on 2 March 1389 in Qasr-i Hinduvan, which was then renamed Qasr-i Arifan out of respect to him. Encyclop%C3%A6dia Iranica Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal

78-542: A necessity for Iranists [but] of inestimable value for everyone concerned with the history and culture of the Middle East". Ali Banuazizi, though, notes that its focus is on Iran "as perceived, analyzed, and described by its most distinguished, mainly Western, students". In 1998, the journal Iranian Studies devoted a double issue (vol. 31, no. 3/4) to reviews of the encyclopædia, coming to 700 pages by 29 authors on as many subjects. Professor A. Banuazizi, praised that

104-591: A second time in Balkh, where Khwaja Hajji has introduced him to his future master Khwaja Ishaq Dahbidi and has become his disciple. He met him the second time in Bokhara and has become his disciple. After twelve years of spiritual training Hazrat Ishaan Saheb has reached the level of a Shaykh in Tasawuff in 1598. Khwaja Ishaq Wali has welcomed him in his circle as the "Shahanshah-e-Awliya" (English: Emperor of all Saints of

130-462: Is known as "Shah-e Naqshband." Some historians agree that the original Naqshbandi had a particularly Iranian or Khurasanian attitude, which according to H. Algar / Encyclopædia Iranica is supported by the fact that Baha al-Din was surrounded by a company of urban dwellers that mostly spoke Tajik. However, the Naqshbandi had also been influenced by Turkic Sufi order, the Yasawiyya , and thus had

156-643: Is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English -language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times. The Encyclopædia Iranica is dedicated to the study of Iranian civilization in the wider Middle East , the Caucasus , Southeastern Europe , Central Asia , and the Indian subcontinent . The academic reference work will eventually cover all aspects of Iranian history and culture as well as all Iranian languages and literatures , facilitating

182-684: The Associated Press released a news report about Encyclopædia Iranica , claiming that it is "U.S.-backed". Encyclopædia Iranica published an official response, saying the report was "inaccurate and libelous", that while the National Endowment for the Humanities supports the encyclopedia, the Endowment is "an independent federal agency whose many projects are reviewed and decided upon by independent panels of scholars", not

208-608: The Shia community there, Moghul emperor Shah Jahan evacuated him in year 1636 to Delhi. Hazrat Ishaan spent his last six years in Lahore, where Jahangir's son Shah Jahan has built a Palace for him, that later became his mausoleum. A number of notable figures are buried in the complex of Hazrat Ishaan’s tomb, for example Javed Iqbal (judge, born 1924) , members of the Ferozsons family, and some members of Afghan royalty. Hazrat Ishaan

234-724: The Uwaisiyyah transmissional way . His successor was Sayyid ul Sadaat Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan . Notable descendants of Mahmud include: Baha%27 al-Din Naqshband Baha' al-Din Naqshband ( Persian : بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند ; 1318–1389) was the eponymous founder of what would become one of the largest Sufi Sunni orders, the Naqshbandi . Baha al-Din was born in March 1318 in the village of Qasr-i Hinduvan, which

260-557: The 13th generation of the 11th imam al-Hasan al-Askari". Three days after his birth, Baha al-Din was adopted as a spiritual son by Baba Mohammad Sammasi, a master of the Khwajagan , a Sufi order founded by Yusuf Hamadani (died 1140). It was Baha al-Din's paternal grandfather who brought him to Sammasi, as he was a murid (novice) of the latter. Sammasi later entrusted Baha al-Din's training to his distinguished student Amir Kulal . Early texts do not mention how Baha al-Din gained

286-479: The EIF, seeking, among other things, a finding that the EIF owns neither a copyright nor an exclusive trademark right in the encyclopedia. EIF countersued alleging that Columbia, as well as Brill and Elton Daniel, breached EIF's copyright in the encyclopedia, infringed, diluted, and counterfeited its trademarks, converted EIF property, and committed various acts of unjust enrichment and unfair competition. On July 31, 2020,

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312-643: The Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation (EIF), which serves to promote the cause of the Encyclopædia Iranica and to ensure its continuation. Over the years, Columbia University's Center for Iranian Studies (also founded by Yarshater) continued to coordinate and edit the Encyclopædia , while the EIF substantially sponsored the work. The foundation provides the full text of many entries (up to fascicle XVI/3) for free on

338-663: The Hazrat Ishaan through a grandmother of Bahauddin Naqshband. Hazat Ishaan was granted permission from his father to study in a royal college and had become an accomplished scholar. In the age of 23 years Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb has received a letter to visit his father and to accompany him in his last days. Upon his father, passing away, he concentrated on the mystical quest. In this he first left to Wakhsh, where he became Shaykh ul Islam, performing his duties there. While staying in Wakhsh, he got to know Khwaja Hajji. They have met

364-484: The U.S. District Court in the Southern District of New York granted a temporary restraining order against Columbia, Brill and Daniel, enjoining them through October 8, 2020 from publishing additional fascicles. EIF also sought a preliminary injunction against the defendants, but such relief was not entered by the court. Columbia and Brill subsequently published fascicle XVI/6 on October 19, 2020. As part of

390-526: The U.S. Government, and that only a third of the encyclopedia's budget is supplied by the Endowment, not half, as the Associated Press had claimed. As of July 2015, the online version of the Encyclopædia Iranica has almost 7,300 entries, of which about 1,100 entries are only available on the Internet. The following is a list of printed volumes, current as of October 2020 . In addition,

416-539: The dispute, there are now conflicting accounts as to the current state of the Encyclopædia Iranica. While Columbia has published fascicle XVI/4 through XVI/6, covering topics between "Kešaʾi Dialect" and "Khorasan XIV", by EIF's count volume XVI only covers topics falling alphabetically between KA and KE. EIF considers fascicles XVI/4 through XVI/6 "counterfeit fascicles". In a review of Volume III, Richard W. Bulliet calls Encyclopædia Iranica "not just

442-694: The encyclopaedia "will be judged as the most significant contribution of our century to the advancement of Iranian studies as a scholarly enterprise". Many foundations, organizations, and individuals have supported Encyclopædia Iranica . The encyclopaedia has been sponsored since 1979 by the National Endowment for the Humanities , as well as the American Council of Learned Societies , Union Académique Internationale , Iran Heritage Foundation , and many other charitable foundations , philanthropic families and individuals. On March 25, 2007,

468-897: The entire Iranian cultural sphere , and far beyond. Relations of the Iranian world with other cultures (China, European countries, etc.) are also covered. The project is planning on publishing a total of up to 45 volumes. Ehsan Yarshater was the founding editor of Encyclopædia Iranica from 1973 through 2017. The current editor-in-chief is Elton Daniel. The editorial board includes Mohsen Ashtiany, Mahnaz Moazami, and over 40 consulting editors from major international institutions doing research in Iranian studies. Former long tenured editors include Ahmad Ashraf, Christopher Brunner, Habib Borjian, Kioumars Ghereghlou, Manuchehr Kasheff, Dagmar Riedel and Houra Yavari. A growing number (over 1,300 in 2016) of scholars worldwide have contributed articles to Encyclopædia Iranica . In 1990, Ehsan Yarshater established

494-476: The iranicaonline.org website. Following Yarshater's retirement as director of the Center for Iranian Studies in 2016, a dispute began to emerge between Columbia University and the EIF as Columbia unilaterally decided to enter into a contract with Brill , an academic publisher, which subsequently published fascicles 4 and 5 of volume XVI in 2018 and 2019; the EIF protested the move. In 2019, Columbia University sued

520-498: The nickname "Naqshband", nor its meaning. An agreement was later partly reached that it referred to the naqsh (imprint) of the name of Allah that is firm in the heart through constant and continuous prayer. In Bukhara, Baha al-Din more practically became its patron saint and was commonly referred to as "Khwaja Bala-gardan" by its inhabitants. Amongst the members of the present-day Naqshbandi order, particularly in Turkey , Baha al-Din

546-810: The time). On the advice of Khwaja Ishaq Wali Hazrat Ishaan Saheb went to Lahore to propagate the Ishaqqiya path. Instead he went to Srinagar in Kashmir . In Srinagar he attracted many people, who have later followed him. The fame of his piety has reached many areas of Central Asia. Hundreds of thousands of disciples in Khorasan, modern-day Afghanistan, especially in the cities of Kandahar, Kabul and Herat, followed him. He has sent disciples in all over Central Asia under, whom 2 have been sent to Tibet . Unlike other Naqshbandi Masters he attracted many people, who were not only official patronages. Hazrat Khwaja Khawand Mahmud

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572-409: The whole range of Iranian studies research from archeology to political sciences. It is a project founded by Ehsan Yarshater in 1973 and currently carried out at Columbia University 's Center for Iranian Studies. It is considered the standard encyclopedia of the academic discipline of Iranistics . The scope of the encyclopedia goes beyond modern Iran (also known as "Persia" ) and encompasses

598-415: Was a descendant of Muhammad through Ja'far al-Sadiq, which may suggest that their genealogies were later mixed up. On the other hand Annemarie Schimmel highlights the descent of Bahauddin from Hasan al-Askari , referring to Khwaja Mir Dard 's family and "many nobles, from Bukhara; they led their pedigree back to Baha al-Din Naqshband, after whom the Naqshbandi order is named, and who was a descendant, in

624-541: Was invited by the Moghul Emperor Jahangir to attend to his court in Agra . Attending there several times, he was able to create firm connections to the court, because Jahangir was a disciple of his. Jahangir firmly believed in him, being taught by his father Akbar that he was born through Hazrat Ishaan´s prayers, when Akbar desperately wished to have a child. Becoming entangled in the struggle against

650-588: Was one farsakh from the city of Bukhara . Like the majority of the sedentary population of the region, Baha al-Din was a Tajik, i.e. a speaker of Persian and a participant in its culture. According to H. Algar / Encyclopædia Iranica , the texts that claim Baha al-Din was descended from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Ja'far al-Sadiq (died 765), should be "treated with reserve". Early texts do not mention Baha al-Din's supposed ancestry to Muhammad, but they do imply that his teacher Amir Kulal (died 1370)

676-513: Was succeeded by his son Moinuddin Naqshabnd in Kashmir. His youngest son Bahauddin succeeded his father in Lahore in a very young age. His spiritual line died out in the late eighteenth century. Hazrat Ishaan has stated that one of his progeny will come to revive his lineage and to take his place as Ghawth . It has been found, that Hazrat Sayyid Mir Jan is this person, who is his successor in

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