Haaglanden ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦaːxlɑndə(n)] , literally Haguelands ) was a conurbation surrounding The Hague in the Netherlands from 1992 until 2015. The city's position as the country's seat of government made the region prominent in the Netherlands . Located on the west coast of the province of South Holland , the region had a population of 1,050,543 in September 2013, and covered an area of 405 km².
41-618: Haaglanden was an official term referring to an urban region literally called Haaglanden Urban Region ( Stadsgewest Haaglanden ). The official website of Haaglanden used the English translation The Hague Region . Another translation would have been the Greater Hague Area . The term was also sometimes used to refer to the conurbation of The Hague in a general, informal sense; "the Hague area" or "the area around The Hague". This area
82-959: A gross regional domestic product of €510 billion in 2022, making it the second most productive region in the European Union , only behind the Paris metropolitan area . It encompasses both the Amsterdam metropolitan area and Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area . It is part of the larger Blue Banana megalopolis . The Randstad's main cities are Almere , Amsterdam , Delft , Dordrecht , Haarlem , The Hague , Leiden , Rotterdam , Utrecht , and Zoetermeer . Other towns include Alkmaar , Alphen aan den Rijn , Amersfoort , Amstelveen , Capelle aan den IJssel , Gouda , Heerhugowaard , Hilversum , Hoofddorp , Hoorn , Lelystad , Nieuwegein , Oudewater , Purmerend , Rijswijk , Schiedam , Spijkenisse , Vlaardingen , Zaandam and Zeist . Although
123-598: A classical centralistic metropolis . Amsterdam recently started to present itself as the Amsterdam metropolitan area ( Metropoolregio Amsterdam ). The expectation is that the use of the terms Noordvleugel and the Randstad will become less prevalent as a result. While Utrecht is not the center of the Noordvleugel, it is in fact the center of the whole of the Netherlands itself. While being categorised as part of
164-568: A conurbation is a polycentric urbanised area in which transportation has developed to link areas. They create a single urban labour market or travel to work area . Patrick Geddes coined the term in his book Cities in Evolution (1915). He drew attention to the ability of the new technology at the time of electric power and motorised transport to allow cities to spread and agglomerate together, and gave as examples " Midlandton " in England,
205-758: A land border with China or influenced by disputes in the sea where China faces (see Territorial disputes focus). Urban population rate: 56% (2015). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2015. (Shenyang + Fushun ) (Jinzhou + Linghai ) (Anshan + Liaoyang ) + Zhangjiagang + Jiangyin + Jingjiang + Changzhou + Wuxi ) ( Hangzhou + Shaoxing + Cixi + Yuyao + Ningbo ) (Wenzhou + Longgang + Ruian + Yueqing ) (Xiamen + Zhangzhou ) Data are referred to pre-1974 Turkish Army occupation boundaries. Urban population rate: 59% (2015) Urban population rate: 31% (2015) Data are referret to pre- 2008 Russo-Georgian War . Urban population rate: 56% (2015) Greater Jakarta or Jabodetabek comprises
246-464: A lot of local traffic also uses the motorways. Another growing issue is the number of trucks on the radiating motorways from the Randstad; truck volumes can be as high as 20,000 trucks per day, occupying the entire right lane on some motorways. The Randstad is the keystone of the Dutch railway network; most intercity connections terminate in one of the key cities in the Randstad. The railway network in
287-476: A period of about 20 years, it consists of seven municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The region has an area of 4,355 km and with a population of 20.5 million, and is among the top ten most populated urban agglomerations in the world. It is linked together through the Mumbai Suburban Railway system and a large network of roads. The National Capital Region (NCR)
328-544: A population of around 3.6 million people, consists of the Haarlem and IJmuiden conurbations in the west, Amsterdam at the centre and Almere , the Gooi area and Utrecht in the east. The conurbation of Utrecht (population around one million) can be considered to be part of this wing, but can also be excluded. The cultural centre of the Noordvleugel, however, is notably centered on Amsterdam , which could as such be considered
369-425: A similar meaning to "conurbation". A conurbation should be contrasted with a megalopolis . In a megalopolis the urban areas are close but not physically contiguous, and the merging of labour markets has not yet developed. A conurbation should also be contrasted with a megacity . A megacity is hierarchical with an indisputable dominant urban core, whereas a conurbation is polycentric and no single urban centre has
410-586: A single urban area, even though they had separate governments, transport systems, etc. The Hague and Rotterdam share the Rotterdam The Hague Airport and a light rail system called RandstadRail . This led to the creation of an official Rotterdam-The Hague metropolitan region ( Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag ), which has a combined population of approximately 2.4 million, making it one of largest metropolitan regions in Europe . Haaglanden
451-468: A study into the economic benefits of reviving the urban region. Haaglanden consisted of the nine municipalities of The Hague , Zoetermeer , Westland , Delft , Leidschendam-Voorburg , Pijnacker-Nootdorp , Rijswijk , Wassenaar and Midden-Delfland . The Haaglanden conurbation and the Rotterdam conurbation to the east had grown to the point where they are almost contiguous. They were effectively
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#1732772799992492-416: Is a major mode of transport. The Port of Rotterdam , and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , are both major international gateways. There are various smaller ports and airports in the Randstad, like the ports of IJmuiden, Amsterdam and Dordrecht, as well as Rotterdam The Hague Airport . The Randstad has various motorways, most of them starting around Amsterdam and Rotterdam. Many (inter)national corridors start in
533-480: Is a name for the coordinated planning region which encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi as well as several surrounding districts in the neighbouring states of Uttar Pradesh , Haryana and Rajasthan . However, the conurbation of Delhi is actually limited to the NCT of Delhi and the neighbouring contiguous urban areas comprising Gurgaon , Faridabad , Noida , Greater Noida and Ghaziabad . The area
574-575: Is a roughly crescent - or arc-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands , that includes almost half the country's population. With a central-western location, it connects and comprises the Netherlands' four biggest cities ( Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague , and Utrecht ), their suburbs, and many towns in between, that all grew and merged into each other. Among other things, it includes the Port of Rotterdam (the world's busiest seaport outside Asia ),
615-640: Is home to some of the most reputable universities in Europe, including the University of Amsterdam , the VU Amsterdam , Leiden University , Erasmus University Rotterdam , Utrecht University and the Delft University of Technology . The Randstad possesses a large infrastructure system, with many railways, motorways, trams and subways in various cities. It is possible to cycle on reasonably safe and pleasant routes almost everywhere and cycling
656-661: Is officially known as the Central National Capital Region (CNCR), a small part of overall NCR. The population of this conurbation was estimated 21.7 million in 2011. It is the world's third most populous urban agglomeration. The Amaravati Metropolitan Region (AMR) of Andhra Pradesh is a conurbation of three cities, namely Vijayawada , Eluru and Guntur and 11 other towns which include Mangalagiri , Tadepalle , Tenali , Ponnuru, Chilakaluripeta, Narasaraopeta, Sattenapally, Nandigama, Jaggayyapeta, Nuzividu, Gudivada and Vuyyuru. The new capital city of
697-579: Is one of the most important economic and densely populated areas in the north-west of Europe. 52°03′57″N 4°17′48″E / 52.0658°N 4.2967°E / 52.0658; 4.2967 This South Holland location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Conurbation A conurbation is a region comprising a number of metropolises , cities, large towns, and other urban areas which, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban or industrially developed area. In most cases,
738-513: Is projected near Utrecht. Some hard shoulders are in use as peak hour lanes – traffic is allowed to use the hard shoulder as a third or fourth lane during periods of congestion, when traffic management signs indicate. Since these expansions traffic jams (which used to be quite intense) have been reduced by up to 25%. Traffic on the highway still is quite heavy, though. Because of the many obstructions in minor roads, such as one-way or circular routes (often created to make living neighbourhoods safer),
779-647: The Port of Amsterdam (Europe's fourth-busiest seaport), and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (the busiest airport in Europe by aircraft movements ). With a population of approximately 8.4 million people it is one of the largest metropolitan regions in Europe , comparable in population size to the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region or the San Francisco Bay Area , and covers an area of approximately 11,372 km (4,391 sq mi). The Randstad had
820-754: The Ruhr in Germany, Randstad in the Netherlands, and the Northeastern Seaboard in the United States. The term as described is used in Britain whereas in the United States, each polycentric " metropolitan area " may have its own common designation such as San Francisco Bay Area or the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex . Internationally the term " urban agglomeration " is often used to convey
861-571: The Government of the Netherlands, reveals that the Noordvleugel (Amsterdam and Utrecht region) is already growing parallel to the A1, A2, and A4 motorways, as well as into the northern part of North Holland (Alkmaar and Hoorn region) and Flevoland (Almere and Lelystad region). There is also a trend shown that the Noordvleugel is expanding parallel to the A2 (Amsterdam towards Eindhoven) and A12 (Utrecht towards
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#1732772799992902-423: The Randstad share some commonalities, there are also large differences originating in centuries of divergent development. There are strong local identities within the region, especially in rural environments. Politically, the Randstad is broadly right -leaning and conservative , with student cities, including Amsterdam, Utrecht, Haarlem, Leiden and Delft, being more left -leaning and progressive . The Randstad
943-441: The Randstad, including the A1, A2, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A12, A13, A15, A16, A20, A27 and A28 autosnelwegen , as well as various commuter routes. The Randstad network of motorways carry some of the highest traffic volumes in Europe. Until 2005 most motorways used to be no wider than four or six lanes, but from 2005 on capacity of most major highways expanded to six or eight and on some parts even ten lanes. A 14-lane highway
984-490: The Randstad, the Utrecht agglomeration lies relatively further apart, owing to its long history of rivalry with Holland and Amsterdam in particular. Utrecht is much more monocentric than Amsterdam, which has booming satellite cities such as Haarlem and Almere. While Utrecht functions as the gateway to the Randstad for both car and rail transport, it is disconnected from the virtually continuous urbanised zone in western Holland by
1025-520: The Randstad. Over the last few decades, a major topic in the Randstad is the conflict between the cities and the towns in between. These towns and the surrounding countryside, known as the Groene Hart (Green Heart), are usually much greener than the cities, they house many commuters that work in the cities and the former strongly depend on the latter for facilities such as hospitals and large scale entertainment. Cities need more space to expand, yet
1066-513: The WERV region, encompassing the cities of Wageningen , Ede , Rhenen and Veenendaal ) motorways. This region is called the Zuidoostflank (English: Southeastside). It is sometimes argued that a cultural divide exists between the Randstad and the rest of the country. This distinction is usually made in relation to Dutch politics and media, who according to critics are mostly interested in
1107-535: The affairs of the Randstad. Both branches (government and media) have their centre in the Randstad; respectively in The Hague and in Hilversum . The Randstad itself, however, does not represent a unified cultural zone. It is not a 'place' of residence or a carrier of cultural identity. According to the late influential urbanist Niek de Boer , the Randstad simply 'does not exist'. While the cities and landscapes in
1148-670: The area is dense and heavily used. Together with the Swiss Federal Railways (1st), and the Belgian railways (3rd), the Dutch Railways are in the top 3 of Europe in punctuality. Larger cities in the Randstad have many railway stations, as well as light rail, subway and/or tram networks. Much effort is being expended in increasing the cycling rate of the Randstad. The campaign Fietsfilevrij exists to encourage cycling as an alternative to waiting in traffic jams on
1189-498: The area. Urban population rate: 42% (2015) Johannesburg , Ekurhuleni (East Rand), and Tshwane (greater Pretoria) merged to form a region that has a population of 14.6 million. Urban population rate: 25% (2015) Urban population rate: 67% (2015) Urban population rate: 55% (2015) Urban population rate: 23% (2015) The city of Dhaka is linked with Narayanganj and Gazipur city; there are no gaps between Dhaka and those two cities. This conurbation which consists of
1230-633: The areas of the city of Dhaka and its surrounding cities and towns is collectively knowns as the Greater Dhaka City. The city of Dhaka is the core city of the conurbation and has a population of about 10 Million. The satellite cities of the conurbation include Narayanganj , Gazipur , Tongi , Fatullah , Keraniganj , Tarabo , and Kaliganj . Urban population rate: 22% (2015) Data are referred to borders determined by Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984), Sino-Portugal Joint Declaration (1987) and later agreements with countries that share
1271-615: The dominant role over all other centres. Urban population rate: 65% (2015) Urban population rate: 30% (2015) Urban population rate: 47% (2015) Urban population rate: 25% (2015) Urban population rate: 31% (2015) Urban population rate: 34% (2015) Urban population rate: 46% (2015) Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Lagos is a conurbation formed through the merged development of the initial Lagos city area with other cities and towns including Ikeja and Ojo . Also various suburban communities such as Agege , Alimosho , Ifako-Ijaiye , Kosofe , Mushin , Oshodi and Shomolu are included in
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1312-638: The largest urban area in Indonesia and the second-largest in the world with a population of around 30 million. The center and national capital, Jakarta , has a population of 10.3 million within its borders. The second-most populated city in Indonesia, Surabaya , also forms a conurbation known as Gerbangkertosusila with a metropolitan population of about 10 million compared to the city proper of 3 million. Conurbations are also present around Bandung and Medan . The Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) consists of Mumbai and its satellite towns. Developing over
1353-467: The name Randstad is often translated into English as "edge city" or "border city", a more accurate translation would be "rim city". The Dutch name was coined in 1938 by KLM founder Albert Plesman who, while flying over the region, used it to describe a strip of cities at the rim of a large green agricultural area (the Green Heart ). While technically more of a crescent (the southeastern edge of
1394-596: The protected polder landscape of the Groene Hart . The North Wing of the Randstad is expected to grow more in population than the Zuidvleugel and the Groene Hart areas, with the growth of population also being in effect for a longer period of time, compared to the other two areas. The Zuidvleugel ("South Wing"), with a population of around 3.5 million people, stretches some 60 kilometers from Dordrecht in
1435-413: The rim is significantly less populated), the ring shape formed by connecting the four major cities of the region led to the use of the name "Ring City". Randstad contributes around half or 53% of the Netherlands total GDP. Recently, Dutch planners have started to refer to the Randstad as Deltametropool . This actually consists of two large metropolitan areas: The Noordvleugel ("North Wing"), with
1476-517: The south of Delft to Rotterdam has also been constructed, creating a second connection from Rotterdam , via The Hague , to Amsterdam . A possible new area would be the Zuidoostflank; parallel to the A2 motorway (from Amsterdam to Eindhoven) and parallel to the A12 motorway (Utrecht to WERV (Wageningen, Ede, Rhenen and Veenendaal)), as this region has much potential to strengthen the knowledge economy of
1517-417: The southeast to Leiden in the north. The main conurbations are the Rotterdam and The Hague areas. The virtual centre of the Zuidvleugel lies in between these two major cities, near Delft . The first steps toward this development were taken with the construction of a new fast light-rail connection between Rotterdam and The Hague : RandstadRail . A long-delayed extension of the western A4 motorway from
1558-892: The state, Amaravati , is being developed between the cities of Vijayawada and Guntur at the center of the conurbation. The region holds a total population of 58 lakhs. The Jamshedpur Metropolitan Area has a plan of Greater Jamshedpur . This place contains the area and city of Adityapur , Maango and Jugsalai Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War . Urban population rate: 59% (2015) Urban population rate: 69% (2015) Urban population rate: 80% (2015) Urban population rate: 62% (2015) Urban population rate: 38% (2015) Urban population rate: 98% (2015) Urban population rate: 37% (2015) Urban population rate: 74% (2015) Urban population rate: 65% (2015) Urban population rate: 21% (2015) Randstad The Randstad ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɑntstɑt] ; "Rim City" or "Edge City")
1599-440: The towns fear losing their identity and autonomy. The Randstad's borders have never been officially specified. Some consider only the four most populous cities of the Netherlands (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht) part of it, others would say that areas such as Alkmaar (which represents itself as being part of it), Hoorn and Lelystad are also part of this conurbation. The publication "Randstad 2040", released by
1640-572: Was bordered to the north by the Leiden conurbation, which had a population of about a quarter million. These two areas, much like The Hague and Rotterdam, had also grown together to the point where they are virtually contiguous. Haaglanden was part of the southern wing (the Zuidvleugel ) of the Randstad , which also includes the conurbations surrounding Amsterdam and Utrecht . This conurbation
1681-613: Was often treated as a single unit for organisational or statistical purposes. Haaglanden was part of the larger Rotterdam The Hague Metropolitan Area . On 1 January 2015 Haaglanden was merged into the Rotterdam-The Hague metropolitan area . Haaglanden has since only existed as a safety region . Its use for statistical purposes has since been replaced by the Greater The Hague and Delft & Westland COROP regions . In 2018, South Holland province commissioned