73-490: Haddington may refer to: Places [ edit ] Haddington, East Lothian , Scotland Haddington, Lincolnshire , England Haddington, Philadelphia , United States Haddington Range Haddington Island (British Columbia) Other [ edit ] Haddington Burghs (UK Parliament constituency) Earl of Haddington See also [ edit ] East Lothian , formerly referred to as Haddingtonshire , or
146-607: A market town . Today, Haddington is a small town with a population of about 10,000 people, but during the High Middle Ages it was the fourth-biggest town in Scotland (after Aberdeen , Roxburgh and Edinburgh). In the middle of the town is the Haddington Town House , completed in 1745 based on a plan by William Adam . When first built, it contained markets on the ground floor, and an assembly hall on
219-502: A bad neighbourhood, the one room serving as parlour, kitchen, and sleeping-room for the whole family, which consisted of husband, wife, four sons, two cats, and a dog. The witness was asked: Do you think this family was unable to get better lodgings, or were they careless? They were careless, was the reply. In 1866, Smiles became president of the National Provident Institution but left in 1871, after suffering
292-576: A benign and tolerant outlook that was sometimes at odds with that of his Reformed Presbyterian forebears. In 1838 Smiles was offered the editorship of the reformist paper, the Leeds Times . He spent the next twenty years in the city, moving to live on Woodhouse Cliff in 1847. In 1837, he wrote articles for the Edinburgh Weekly Chronicle and the Leeds Times , campaigning for parliamentary reform . In November 1838, Smiles
365-480: A debate on the Transitional Payments (Determination of Need) Bill , claimed that the 1932 bill "discriminated not against the unthrifty, the idler, and the waster, but against the industrious, thrifty person, who had to pay a heavy penalty. The Minister of Labour penalized self-help. He poured contempt on Samuel Smiles and all his works". The liberal Ernest Benn invoked Smiles in 1949 when praising
438-474: A debilitating stroke. The Globe Permanent Benefit Building Society 493 New Cross Road Deptford SE14 Founded 1868 Incorporated 1878. Founded for the mutual benefit of investors and borrowers with the approval of the late Samuel Smiles. The 50th Anniversary Jubilee Report (1 August 1918) states that he was a founding Director and was involved for 3 years. All founders lived in Deptford or the neighbourhood as did
511-460: A double track. Passengers from Haddington were required to alight at Longniddry and change trains in order to travel to Edinburgh. The Haddington branch line and station were damaged during the flood of 1948 and though both passenger and freight services were reinstated, British Rail opted to remove rail services to the public due to competition from bus services and dwindling passenger numbers. Passenger services ended on 29 December 1949. The use of
584-576: A hardware shop, cookware shop and several gift shops alongside several pubs, restaurants and cafés. Nationwide retailers with a presence in Haddington include: Tesco , Home Bargains , Boots , Aldi and Co-op Food . Besides retail and administration, the town is also home to various law firms and has industrial capacity in the works beside the Tyne at the Victoria Bridge (PureMalt), and around
657-571: A little tendency in some quarters to disparage the homely energies of life which at one time were so highly thought of. He recalled the appearance of Self-Help , by Samuel Smiles, who 40 or 50 years ago gave lectures at Leeds encouraging young men to engage in self-improvement. His books were read with extraordinary avidity, but there arose a school which taught the existence of the beautiful and to do nothing. That school disparaged thrift and did not pay much attention to character and, perhaps, not much attention to duty". The Labour MP David Grenfell , in
730-564: A number of notable buildings but the Abbey of St Mary and 16th Century town defences have left little to see on the ground. They are being researched by Haddington's History Society. St Martin's Kirk also remains one of the towns oldest and most prominent buildings. Amisfield House was located east of Haddington, south of the River Tyne. Designed by architect Isaac Ware and built of Garvald red freestone for Colonel Francis Charteris , it
803-411: A strong supporter of Joseph Hume . His father died in the 1832 cholera epidemic , but Smiles was enabled to continue with his studies because he was supported by his mother. She ran the small family general store firm in the belief that the "Lord will provide". Her example of working ceaselessly to support herself and his nine younger siblings strongly influenced Smiles's future life, but he developed
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#1732772834067876-490: A theory too—a dreadful theory. It is embodied in two words— Laissez faire —Let alone. When people are poisoned by plaster of Paris mixed with flour, "Let alone" is the remedy. When Cocculus indicus is used instead of hops, and men die prematurely, it is easy to say, "Nobody did it." Let those who can, find out when they are cheated: Caveat emptor . When people live in foul dwellings, let them alone. Let wretchedness do its work; do not interfere with death. In 1871, he edited
949-483: Is Anglo-Saxon , dating from the sixth or seventh century AD when the area was incorporated into the kingdom of Bernicia . The town, like the rest of the Lothian region, was ceded by King Edgar of England and became part of Scotland in the tenth century. Haddington received Burgh status, one of the earliest to do so, during the reign of David I (1124–1153), giving it trading rights which encouraged its growth into
1022-410: Is a growing tendency to fawn upon them, flatter them, speak nothing but smooth words to them. They are credited with virtues they themselves know they do not possess. To win their favour sympathy is often pretended for views, the carrying out of which is known to be hopeless. The popular agitator must please whom he addresses, and it is always highly gratifying to our self-love to be told that someone else
1095-489: Is a mainly fourteenth-century castle about 5 miles (8 kilometres) east of Haddington. This castle, which has a fine riverside setting, belonged to the Hepburn family during the most important centuries of its existence. Since 1926, it has been the subject of a state-sponsored guardianship agreement, which is now under the auspices of Historic Scotland. It is open to the public without charge at all reasonable times. Haddington
1168-495: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Haddington, East Lothian The Royal Burgh of Haddington ( Scots : Haidintoun , Scottish Gaelic : Baile Adainn ) is a town in East Lothian , Scotland. It is the main administrative, cultural and geographical centre for East Lothian. It lies about 17 miles (27 kilometres) east of Edinburgh . The name Haddington
1241-676: Is home to East Lothian Amateur Boxing Club, the East of Scotland football club Haddington Athletic , Haddington cricket club who are in east of Scotland division 3 and Haddington RFC , currently playing in Scotland Premiership division 3. At the end of March 2012, the town's library relocated to the John Gray Centre in Lodge Street, an extensively reconstructed and restored complex of historic buildings including
1314-460: Is owned by East Lothian Council and is used by walkers, cyclists and horse-riders in the section of the line between Longniddry station and the St Lawrence area of Haddington. The eastern terminus of the line is occupied by industrial units and scrub vegetation. A campaign to reopen Haddington's railway service is led by the group RAGES (Rail Action Group East of Scotland). Since the closure of
1387-655: Is probably a misfortune that, especially in the USA, popular writers like Samuel Smiles...have defended free enterprise on the ground that it regularly rewards the deserving, and it bodes ill for the future of the market order that this seems to have become the only defence of it which is understood by the general public. That it has largely become the basis of the self-esteem of the businessman often gives him an air of self-righteousness which does not make him more popular". The growth of industrial archaeology and history in Britain from
1460-467: Is recorded as being a Jacobite prisoner. Art and artists associated with Haddington include: Stephen Baillie, John Guthrie Spence Smith, William Darling McKay, Colin Thoms, William George Gillies , Daisy R. Sharp Robert Noble , Shirley M. Maud, Walter Dexter , and Haugh. Films which have shots of Haddington include: Samuel Smiles Samuel Smiles (23 December 1812 – 16 April 1904)
1533-584: Is to blame for what we suffer. So it rarely occurs to these orators to suggest that those whom they address are themselves to blame for what they suffer, or that they misuse the means of happiness which are within their reach ... The capitalist is merely a man who does not spend all that is earned by work. Smiles was not very successful in his careers as a doctor and journalist. He joined several cooperative ventures, but they failed for lack of capital. Disillusioned, he turned away from middle-class utopianism. He finally found intellectual refuge and national fame in
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#17327728340671606-430: Is to blame. That terrible Nobody! How much he has to answer for. More mischief is done by Nobody than by all the world besides. Nobody adulterates our food. Nobody poisons us with bad drink. Nobody supplies us with foul water. Nobody spreads fever in blind alleys and unswept lanes. Nobody leaves towns undrained. Nobody fills gaols, penitentiaries, and convict stations. Nobody makes poachers, thieves, and drunkards. Nobody has
1679-537: The A1 dual carriageway linking Edinburgh to London . The town is currently served by the bus companies Borders Buses , Prentice Coaches, Eve Coaches and East Coast Buses . These buses facilitate travel to Edinburgh , Berwick-upon-Tweed , and several other towns and villages in East Lothian . Since the withdrawal of many First Scotland East services in June 2012, the contracts for the 121 Haddington to North Berwick and
1752-559: The County of Haddington Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Haddington . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haddington&oldid=1186499111 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1825-417: The Leeds Times , he advocated radical causes ranging from women's suffrage to free trade and parliamentary reform. By the late 1840s, however, Smiles became concerned about the advocation of physical force by Chartists Feargus O'Connor and George Julian Harney , although he seems to have agreed with them that the movement's current tactics were not effective, saying that "mere political reform will not cure
1898-597: The 123 Gifford Circle passed back to the Haddington-based firm Prentice Coaches. The nearest rail station is at Drem, four miles (six kilometres) to the north, which is served by regular Edinburgh to North Berwick trains. Haddington was once served by its own railway branch line which carried passengers for over a century from 1846 to 1949. There have been proposals to reopen or extend a railway line to Haddington to ease road congestion, but nothing has come to fruition in regards to this. The Haddington railway line
1971-550: The River Tyne, beside the twelfth century Nungate Bridge. The present building (built with red sandstone from nearby Garvald ) was started in 1375 (an earlier St Mary's Church having been destroyed by the English in 1356), and consecrated in 1410, despite building work not being finished until 1487. The church was partially destroyed during the 1548-49 Siege of Haddington that followed the Rough Wooing of Henry VIII , and on
2044-540: The advice of John Knox , it was restored "frae the tower to the West door". Thus the nave became the church and the choir and transepts were left ruined until the whole church was restored in the 1970s. The Lammermuir pipe organ was built in 1990. A set of eight bells hung for full change ringing was installed for the Millennium . Haddington War Memorial stands at the west entrance to the churchyard. Hailes Castle
2117-462: The archives of East Lothian Council. When, in 1892, William Gladstone returned to power and, as prime minister, introduced his Second Irish Home Rule Bill , Smiles wrote to his son in Ulster : "Don't you rebel. Keep quiet, though I see your name among the agitators ... Your letter is frightfully alarming ... Gladstone has come into power and we are threatened with Civil War. This cannot be
2190-400: The book, retaining the copyright, while he paid John Murray a ten per cent commission. It sold 20,000 copies within one year of its publication. By the time of Smiles's death in 1904 it had sold over a quarter of a million copies. Self-Help "elevated [Smiles] to celebrity status: almost overnight, he became a leading pundit and much-consulted guru". Smiles "suddenly became the fashion and he
2263-468: The book. In 1898, publication was denied again. After the death of Smiles in 1904, the manuscript of Conduct was found in his desk and, on the advice of John Murray, was destroyed. No copy is known to exist. Sir George Reid was commissioned to paint Smiles's portrait, completed in 1877 and now in the collection of the National Gallery, London . Copies of his handwriting can be found in
Haddington - Misplaced Pages Continue
2336-544: The chief marks to be aimed at. That would be a great fallacy. Knowledge is of itself one of the highest enjoyments. The ignorant man passes through the world dead to all pleasures, save those of the senses ... Every human being has a great mission to perform, noble faculties to cultivate, a vast destiny to accomplish. He should have the means of education, and of exerting freely all the powers of his godlike nature. The newly founded Routledge publishing house rejected publishing Self-Help in 1855. Twenty years later Smiles
2409-665: The country into a state of turmoil. I cannot understand how so many persons in this part of Britain follow that maniac, just like a flock of sheep. He is simply bursting with self-conceit. Alas! Alas for Liberalism!" On 16 April 1904, Samuel Smiles died in Kensington in his 92nd year, London and was buried in Brompton Cemetery . Shortly before his death, he was reportedly offered a knighthood, which he declined to accept. Smiles's grandchildren include Sir Walter Smiles , an Ulster Unionist Party MP. Through that branch of
2482-425: The county town of East Lothian, Haddington is the seat of East Lothian Council with offices located at John Muir House behind Court Street. This building occupies the site of Haddington's twelfth century royal palace and adjoins the former Sheriff Court complex . The town centre is home to a wide range of independent retailers including: a bookshop, a sports shop, a saddlery and country goods specialist, two butchers,
2555-472: The demolition of Bothwell Castle and its dovecote in 1955, the land now forming part of Hardgate Park. Today the whole town centre is a conservation area with a high proportion of listed buildings, some dating back to the C16th, and the redevelopment and infill schemes undertaken since the 1950s have largely been in a sympathetic vernacular style which has maintained the town's historic character. The town has
2628-614: The family, Smiles is also the great-great-grandfather of Bear Grylls , a well-known adventurer. Self-Help has been called "the bible of mid-Victorian liberalism", and it raised Smiles to celebrity status almost overnight. The Liberal MP J. A. Roebuck in 1862 called Smiles's Workmen's Earnings, Strikes and Savings "a very remarkable book" and quoted passages from it in a speech. George Bernard Shaw , in his Fabian Essays in Socialism (1889), called Smiles "that modern Plutarch ". American inspirational writer Orison Swett Marden
2701-546: The first floor to which improvements were made in 1788, and a spire was added in 1831. Nearby is the corn exchange (1854) and the county courthouse (1833). Other notable nearby sites include: the Jane Welsh Carlyle House; Mitchell's Close; and a building on the High Street that was the birthplace of the author and government reformer Samuel Smiles and is marked by a commemorative plaque. John Knox
2774-554: The isolation of self-help. The origins of his most famous book, Self-Help , lay in a speech he gave in March 1845 in response to a request by a Mutual Improvement Society, published as, The Education of the Working Classes . In it Smiles said: I would not have any one here think that, because I have mentioned individuals who have raised themselves by self-education from poverty to social eminence, and even wealth, these are
2847-471: The labels "Want of Thrift" and "Thrift". The leaflet has "Little and often fills the purse.", "Before you marry have a house to live in.", and "Providence will thrive where genius will starve. When fortune smiles take the advantage." written on the margins. In reality, the majority of people could not save because banks did not accept small deposits at the time. In 1905, William Boyd Carpenter , Bishop of Ripon , praised Smiles: "The Bishop said he had noticed
2920-441: The labour of others, and from the moment they arrive at that decision, become the enemies of society. It is not often that distress drives men to crime. In nine cases out of ten, it is choice not necessity. Moral cowardice is exhibited as much in public as in private life. Snobbism is not confined to toadying of the rich, but is quite as often displayed in the toadying of the poor... Now that the "masses" exercise political power, there
2993-601: The large number of new houses that have been built on the west side of the town from 2016 onwards. Secondary school pupils attend Knox Academy at Pencaitland Road. The Compass School, an independent fee-paying primary school and nursery, is located on the West Road. Historically, the Burgh schools mostly had a good reputation, an exception being under Rev. William Whyte who retained his office despite reports of violence and even death due to his brutal discipline. Thomas Donaldson
Haddington - Misplaced Pages Continue
3066-606: The letters written by his son, Samuel Smiles Jr (Born 1852), and sent home during his teenage sea voyage (taken for his health ), as well as the log he kept of his journey to Australia and the United States between February 1869 and March 1871, and published them in London in book form, under the title A Boy's Voyage Round the World . In 1881 he claimed: Labour is toilsome and its gains are slow. Some people determine to live by
3139-540: The manifold evils which now afflict society". On 7 December 1843, Samuel married Sarah Ann Holmes Dixon in Leeds. They had three daughters and two sons. In 1845, he left the Leeds Times and became a secretary for the newly formed Leeds & Thirsk Railway . After nine years, he worked for the South Eastern Railway . In the 1850s, Smiles abandoned his interest in parliament and decided that self-help
3212-500: The old St Mary's RC Primary School in early-2009, the pupils temporarily attended makeshift classrooms at King's Meadow Primary School until the building was deemed safe again around mid-2009. In April 2011, East Lothian Council decided to build an entirely new school, because both schools would still be left with major problems even after substantial upgrades. A third primary school started construction at Letham Mains in April 2019, to serve
3285-451: The original open triangular medieval market place, divided by a central island of buildings developed from the 16th century onwards on the site of market stalls. To the north and south the medieval rigg pattern of burgage plots can still be observed with narrow buildings fronting the main streets and long plots behind stretching back, originally to the line of the old town walls, accessed by small closes and pends . The historic importance of
3358-594: The parish of Haddington was drawn up by the Rev. Dr. Barclay, and published by the Society of Scottish Antiquaries in 1785. James Miller published Lamp of Lothian a history of Haddington in 1844. A new edition was reprinted in 1900 under the name Lamp of Lothian: or, the history of Haddington, in connection with the Public Affairs of East Lothian and of Scotland, from the earliest records to 1844 . A goat appears on
3431-413: The railway line for freight continued until March 1968. The larger Victorian station building was demolished; a smaller older building, parts of the platform structure, and embankment walls remain. These are recognisable by their distinctive red-brick appearance, and can be seen from West Road, Somnerfield Court, and the industrial area south of Hospital Road. The land occupied by Haddington's railway line
3504-505: The result of good statesmanship. Yet there are Liberal members to cheer on the maniac. Alas, alas for Liberalism! ... Must I give you six months notice to withdraw my loans to the B.R. Co., for I want to keep the little money I have for wife and bairns, not for arming the Ulstermen". Smiles wrote to Lucy Smiles in 1893, "This Home Rule Bill is horrid ... I am quite appalled at that wretched hound, miscalled statesman, throwing
3577-517: The seal and on the coat of arms of Haddington. John Martine wrote Reminiscences of the royal burgh of Haddington and old East Lothian agriculturists in 1883. On 5 September 1618 a debt collector from Edinburgh, Thomas Allan, was attacked by Isobel Addington and 60 or 80 other women who beat him and then dragged him by the feet out of her house. People who have received the Freedom of the burgh of Haddington include: There are several churches in
3650-648: The seventeenth century, and it is now the seat of the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon . The Parish Church of St Mary's is today part of the Church of Scotland , but includes an Episcopalian chapel, the Lauderdale Aisle , containing the mausoleum of the Maitland Earls of Lauderdale . It is the longest parish church in Scotland and is in regular use for worship and musical events. It is directly adjacent to
3723-531: The site of the old station (Lemac), and various smaller industrial units and garages. Haddington is also home to the offices of the local newspaper the East Lothian Courier . There is a farmers' market held on the last Saturday of the month in Court Street. The town centre largely retains its historic street plan with Court Street, High Street, Market Street and Hardgate defining the edges of
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#17327728340673796-454: The southern edge of the town centre and Letham Mains is in the Letham estate on the western outskirts . Prior to October 2012, Haddington Infant School was two separate buildings; the main building (built in 1897) and the annex (built in 1965) was located at Victoria Road/Meadowpark and the old St. Mary's Primary School was located at Tynebank Road. Following the discovery of structural defects at
3869-517: The station in the 1940s (isolated as it then was at the western extremity of Haddington), the town has since expanded significantly. Between 1951 and 1981, the population of the town grew by 54%. It remains to be seen whether further expansion of the town will lead to a reinstatement of Haddington's railway line, since there are congestion issues on both the East Coast Main Line and at Edinburgh Waverley railway station . An account of
3942-680: The summer house, walled garden, ice house, chapel, and gates. The world's earliest surviving records of a lodge of free gardeners come from Haddington, in 1676. Lennoxlove House , a historic thirteenth-century house and estate, lies 1 ⁄ 2 mile (800 metres) south of Haddington. Built by the Giffards of Yester , it was originally named Lethington . It was once home to the Maitland family, notably Sir Richard Maitland , and his son William Maitland of Lethington , Secretary of State to Mary, Queen of Scots '. The Maitlands left Lennoxlove in
4015-503: The ten successors. In 1875, his book Thrift was published. In it, he said that "riches do not constitute any claim to distinction. It is only the vulgar who admire riches as riches". He claimed that the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 was "one of the most valuable that has been placed on the statute-book in modern times". He also criticised laissez-faire : When typhus or cholera breaks out, they tell us that Nobody
4088-516: The town's former granary. In addition to the lending library the Centre comprises East Lothian Council's Historical Archives, Local History Collections and Reading Room, a new museum of East Lothian (with a temporary exhibition gallery), a computer suite and community room. The Centre is named after a local minister whose bequest of books and money in 1717 gave the town one of the earliest community libraries in Scotland. Haddington sits 1 km south of
4161-682: The town's relatively unaltered medieval plan and significant survival of historic buildings was recognised as early as the 1950s, with Haddington subject to an Improvement Scheme, Scotland's earliest, which saw many period properties rehabilitated by the Town Council (under the leadership of Frank Tindall as Director of Planning) and a pioneering town colour scheme developed, resulting in the distinctive and colourful townscape seen today. Some comprehensive redevelopment did occur, chiefly around Newton Port and Hardgate to allow for widening of these narrow streets to improve motor traffic flow. This included
4234-767: The town. These include: Kenny MacAskill , Depute Leader of the Alba Party has served as the MP for East Lothian since 2019 . Paul McLennan of the Scottish National Party has served as the MSP for East Lothian since 2021 . There are four councillors for Haddington and Lammermuir. Haddington has three state primary schools; the first being Haddington primary school,the second being St. Mary's RC Primary School and third being Letham Mains primary school. Both HPS and Saint Mary’s are located adjacent to Neilson Park at
4307-495: The underemployment of capital and labour during trade depressions. General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936) by John Maynard Keynes , attempted to replace classical liberal economics. Building societies adopted the message of being thrifty to self-improve represented in Thrift . In 1897, The Halifax printed the "Misery Leaflet" in which a worn-out house and a well-off house are each illustrated next to each other under
4380-538: The virtues of self-help. In 1962, the director of the British Institute of Management , John Marsh, said that young men who entered industry needed a sense of service and duty; they must be "men of character who know how to behave well as in phases of success"; they must possess self-discipline in thinking and behaviour: "There is something still to be said for Samuel Smiles's doctrine of self-help". The liberal economist F. A. Hayek wrote in 1976 that: "It
4453-604: Was a British author and government reformer. Although he campaigned on a Chartist platform, he promoted the idea that more progress would come from new attitudes than from new laws. His primary work, Self-Help (1859), promoted thrift and claimed that poverty was caused largely by irresponsible habits, while also attacking materialism and laissez-faire government. It has been called "the bible of mid- Victorian liberalism " and had lasting effects on British political thought. Born in Haddington, East Lothian , Scotland, Smiles
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#17327728340674526-467: Was a branch from the East Coast Main Line at Longniddry and terminated at Haddington railway station and freight depot in the area between West Road and Hospital Road. The line was 4 + 13 ⁄ 16 miles (7.7 kilometres) in length and had stations at Coatyburn Siding and Laverocklaw Siding before terminating in Haddington. The line was opened on 22 June 1846. The branch had only a single track, though bridges and embankments were built to allow for
4599-403: Was caused by habitual improvidence: Times of great prosperity, in which wages are highest and mills running full time are not times in which Mechanics' Institutes and Schools flourish, but times in which publicans and beer sellers prosper and grow rich ... A workman earning 50s. to 60s. a week (above the average pay of bankers' clerks) was content to inhabit a miserable one-roomed dwelling in
4672-494: Was deluged with requests that he should lay foundation stones, sit for his portrait, present prizes to orphan children, make speeches from platforms. The simple fellow was pleased with these invitations, but naturally he could not accept. He had his work to do ... his duty did not lie on any public platform ... It lay in his office with his Work". Smiles intended to publish a book titled Conduct , in 1896. He submitted it to his publisher, but John Murray declined to publish
4745-470: Was described in The Buildings of Scotland as "the most important building of the orthodox Palladian school in Scotland." John Henderson built the walled garden in 1783, and the castellated stable block in 1785. The park in front of the house, possibly landscaped by James Bowie, is today entirely ploughed. A victim of dry rot, the house was demolished in 1928. All that remains of Amisfield today are
4818-579: Was drawn up in May 1681, and major capital invested in new machinery, but the New Mills had mixed fortunes, inevitably affected by the lack of protectionism for Scottish manufactured cloth. The Scots Courant reported in 1712 that New Mills was to be "rouped" (auctioned). The property was sold on 16 February 1713 and the machinery and plant on 20 March. The lands of New Mills were purchased by Colonel Francis Charteris and he changed their name to Amisfield. As
4891-565: Was inspired by Samuel Smiles as a result of having read Self-Help during his youth. Decades later, he wrote Pushing to the Front (1894) and became a professional author as a result of Smiles's influence. The late nineteenth century and early twentieth century saw the rise of New Liberalism , Keynesian economics , and socialism, which all viewed thrift unfavourably. The New Liberal economists J. A. Hobson and A. F. Mummery in their Physiology of Industry (1889), claimed that saving resulted in
4964-599: Was invited to become the editor of the Leeds Times , a position he accepted and filled until 1842. In May 1840, Smiles became secretary to the Leeds Parliamentary Reform Association, an organisation that held to the six objectives of Chartism : universal suffrage for all men over the age of 21; equal-sized electoral districts; voting by secret ballot ; an end to the need of MPs to qualify for Parliament , other than by winning an election; pay for MPs; and annual Parliaments. As editor of
5037-520: Was passed by the Parliament of Scotland to encourage the production of fine cloth, and in 1645 an amendment went through stating that the masters and workers of manufactories would be exempt from military service. As a result of this, more factories were established; these included the New Mills. This factory suffered during the Civil War with the loss of its cloth to General Monck . A new charter
5110-461: Was probably born in Haddington and Knox Academy , the local high school, is named after him. Haddington is located predominantly on the left bank of the River Tyne , and was once famous for its mills. It developed into the fourth-largest town in Scotland during the High Middle Ages , and later was at the centre of the mid-eighteenth century Scottish Agricultural Revolution . In 1641, an Act
5183-425: Was seated next to George Routledge at a dinner, and he said to him, "And when, Dr. Smiles, are we to have the honour of publishing one of your books?"; Smiles replied that Mr. Routledge already had the honour of rejecting Self-Help . Although John Murray was willing to publish Self-Help on a half-profits system, Smiles rejected this as he did not want the book to lose its anecdotes. In 1859, Smiles self-published
5256-509: Was the most important place of reform. In 1859, he published his book Self-Help; with Illustrations of Character and Conduct . Smiles wrote articles for the Quarterly . In an article on railways, he argued that the railways should be nationalised and that third-class passengers should be encouraged. In 1861 Smiles published an article from the Quarterly , renamed Workers Earnings, Savings, and Strikes . He claimed poverty in many instances
5329-518: Was the son of Janet Wilson of Dalkeith and Samuel Smiles of Haddington. He was one of eleven surviving children. While his family members were strict Reformed Presbyterians , he did not practice. He studied at a local school, leaving at the age of 14. He apprenticed to be a doctor under Dr. Robert Lewins. This arrangement enabled Smiles to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1829. There he furthered his interest in politics, and became
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