Meiji Government of Japan
32-679: Juntoku Miura Gorō Maebara Issei † 109,379 Imperial soldiers 178 killed 102 killed The Hagi Rebellion ( 萩の乱 , Hagi no ran ) was an uprising against the Meiji government of Japan that occurred in Hagi from 28 October 1876 to 5 November 1876. Maebara Issei, a disillusioned hero of the Meiji Restoration and former samurai of the Chōshū Domain , planned an attack on Yamaguchi Prefecture officials inspired by
64-407: A humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ) with hot, humid and wet summers combined with cool to mild winters, with a relatively high precipitation amount compared to mainland Asian locations on similar latitudes. One of the factors underlying the continual decrease of population is said to be its poor public transport. Industry did not grow at all and the rapid economic growth of Japan only caused
96-732: A betrayal of the " joi " ("Expel the Barbarian") portion of the Sonnō jōi justification used to overthrow the former Tokugawa Shogunate. Maebara Issei , one of the heroes of the Meiji restoration and a leader of the Imperial Army at the Battle of Aizu , was among the dissatisfied of the Imperial faction. Maebara was a samurai of the Chōshū Domain , one of the most powerful domains, which
128-587: A counter-coup, assassinating the Empress ; however, this plan backfired due to international outrage over the incident, widespread anti-Japanese violence throughout Korea, the arrest of pro-Japanese government officials and King Gojong seeking shelter in the Russian consulate. Miura initially denied any Japanese involvement in the incident, despite eye-witness accounts otherwise, and the Japanese government issued
160-654: A handful of men in an attempt to reach Tokyo, but he was captured and the remainder of the Juntoku Army was crushed by army troops at Hagi. Maebara and six of his associates were tried before a military tribunal in Fukuoka Prefecture , and were executed on December 3 alongside leaders of the Akizuki Rebellion , another Shinpuren -inspired rebellion that began in Akizuki on 27 October. Forty of
192-566: A lightning strike against the Meiji government offices located in Yamaguchi , the capital of Yamaguchi Prefecture. As his forces numbered only around 100 warriors, it was decided to make a night attack, with the date set at 28 October. However, the Governor of Yamaguchi Prefecture was informed of Maebara's preparation and sent word to him with news of the crushed Shinpūren Rebellion, and urged that he stand down. Maebara realized that his plans for
224-518: A major role in the Meiji restoration of the 1860s, and many leaders of the Meiji government came from this city. The Hagi Rebellion of 1876 was staged by former samurai unhappy with the changes to their status under the new regime. The town of Hagi within Abu District, Yamaguchi was established on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Hagi was raised to city status on July 1, 1932. On March 6, 2005, Hagi absorbed
256-727: A move by Emperor Meiji to appoint Miura as Chief of staff of the Ministry of the Army in 1886, and he was transferred from Tokyo to the Kumamoto Garrison. Miura resigned rather than accept the demotion, but remained an outspoken critic of Yamagata and the direction he was taking the Imperial Japanese Army. He became a leading member of the Getsuyōkai , an army fraternal association which had been established by
288-537: A number of industrial parks have been established. Hagi has 20 public elementary schools and 14 public junior high schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Yamaguchi Prefectural Board of Education. There are also one private junior high school and one private high school. The prefecture also operated one special education school for the handicapped. The Yamaguchi University of Human Welfare and Culture
320-518: A statement that he had acted independently, without instructions from Tokyo. Miura was recalled to Japan and placed on a trial with the involved military personnel at the Hiroshima District Court. The holding of a trial would have given the impression of the rule of law to observers including Western nations. Miura's attorney argued in defense, that killing is not murder when done to achieve political supremacy with Miura admitting
352-582: A surprise attack were doomed to fail, and that the government offices in Yamaguchi had been reinforced with Imperial troops, so he changed his strategy. Instead, Maebara decided to march along the coast of the Sea of Japan to the national capital Tokyo , winning over the ex- samurai from the various former domains along the way, and to commit mass seppuku (ritual suicide ) at the feet of Emperor Meiji . Maebara's rebels marched from Hagi to Susa , looting along
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#1732783431829384-704: Is known for being the birthplace of Hagi ware , a type of Japanese pottery. Facing the Sea of Japan on one side and being surrounded by mountains on three sides, the center of Hagi is located on one of the largest delta areas in Japan. The Abu River splits into two, forming the Hashimoto River and the Matsumoto River. Outlying islands include Mishima, Oshima, Aishima, Hitsushima, Hashima, Hisima, and Oshima. of which Ainoshima and Hitsushima are inhabited. Shimane Prefecture Yamaguchi Prefecture Hagi has
416-700: Is located in Hagi. The development of the transportation network in Hagi is the slowest in Yamaguchi Prefecture, and access to Shinkansen , expressway networks, and airports is particularly inconvenient. The nearest Shinkansen station, Shin-Yamaguchi is about an hour away by bus, and the nearest airport, Iwami Airport in Masuda , Shimane Prefecture is also an hour away. [REDACTED] JR West (JR West) - San'in Main Line Declared
448-627: The Shinpūren rebellion four days earlier. Maebara's plot was exposed and his supporters in Hagi were soon defeated by the Imperial Japanese Army as he travelled the Chūgoku region searching for support. Maebara and the leaders of the rebellion were arrested and executed . The Hagi Rebellion was one of a number of " shizoku uprisings" which took place in Kyūshū and western Honshu during
480-429: The samurai , the former powerful warrior class, were disgruntled as the reforms saw them lose their privileged social status, eliminating their income, and the establishment of universal military conscription had replaced much of their role in the society. The very rapid modernization and Westernization of Japan was resulting in massive changes to Japanese culture, dress and society, and appeared to many samurai to be
512-627: The French, and on his return became commander of the Tokyo Garrison. However, Miura come into increasing conflict with the Army leadership under General Yamagata Aritomo over conscription policies, the need for a large standing army, and the government's fire-safe of the assets of the Hokkaidō Colonization Office , as well as Aritomo's favouritism for an army modelled after that of Prussia. Yamagata and Prince Arisugawa blocked
544-527: The Imperial revolutionaries had gained crucial support from after brokering the Satchō Alliance through the mediation of Sakamoto Ryōma . Maebara had been a pupil of Yoshida Shōin and an early advocate of modernization in Japan, rising to the post of Military Minister in the new Meiji government after the Restoration. However, Maebara eventually resigned due to disagreements with Kido Takayoshi over
576-629: The city is part of the Yamaguchi 3rd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Hagi is home to the Ground Self-Defense Force 's Mutsumi Training Area, and is a proposed installation site for the Aegis Ashore missile defense system. The main industries in Hagi are tourism, agriculture and commercial fishing. Industrial development has been greatly hampered by poor transportation and logistics connections, although
608-613: The early Meiji period . In 1868, the Meiji Restoration established the Empire of Japan and overthrew the Tokugawa Shogunate that had ruled Japan as a feudal state since 1600. The new Meiji government enacted policies of modernization and Westernization , including reforms aimed at deconstructing feudalism in Japan such as the abolition of the han system and the Tokugawa class system . Many conservative members of
640-580: The fact of the assassination. Nonetheless, the court found him not guilty on technical grounds of insufficient evidence, presumably of personal motive. Miura and cohorts emerged from trial as national heroes. Later, after the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty in 1910, Miura became a privy councilor and focused on eliminating vestiges of the clan-based factionalism from politics, gaining a reputation as an Éminence grise for fixing issues "behind-the-scenes". On his death of uremia in 1926 he
672-472: The largely-French trained first graduating classes of the Army Academy. While the Getsuyōkai' s main purpose was to encourage research into the latest military developments, under Miura the association's journal, Getsuyōkai kiji , published scathing critics of Yamataga and other army leaders, and promoted the concept of a small, defensive army. Stung by the unceasing criticism, Yamagata ordered Miura into
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#1732783431829704-595: The secondary reserves and ordered the Getsuyōkai disbanded in 1889. Miura, who had been elevated to the title shishaku ( viscount ) under the kazoku peerage system in 1884, was appointed a member of the House of Peers from 1890, and became president of the Gakushuin Peers School from 1892. In September 1895, Miura was appointed Japan’s resident minister in Korea , succeeding Inoue Kaoru . Miura
736-417: The surviving rebels received prison sentences. Miura Gor%C5%8D Viscount Miura Gorō ( 三浦 梧楼 , 1 January 1847 – 28 January 1926) was a lieutenant general in the early Imperial Japanese Army ; he is notable for orchestrating the murder of Queen Min of Korea in 1895. Miura was born in Hagi in Chōshū Domain (modern Yamaguchi Prefecture ), to a samurai family with the name of Andō, but
768-712: The town to decline. But it also kept the traditions alive and the traditional look of the town preserved. The area of Hagi was part of ancient Nagato Province . During the Muromachi period , the Yoshimi clan built a minor fortification at a fishing village where the city is now located. During the Edo Period , the area was the center of Chōshū Domain , with the Mōri clan ruling as daimyō from their stronghold at Hagi Castle for 250 years. The samurai of Chōshū Domain played
800-511: The towns of Susa and Tamagawa , and the villages of Asahi , Fukue , Kawakami and Mutsumi (all from Abu District ) to create the new, expanded city of Hagi. Hagi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 20 members. Hagi, collectively with the town of Abu, contributes two members to the Yamaguchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics,
832-651: The treatment of the former daimyō after the abolition of the han system. Maebara returned to the former Chōshū Domain, now part of the Meiji Yamaguchi Prefecture . On 24 October 1876, Maebara was contacted by the leaders of the Shinpūren Rebellion in Kumamoto to join forces in a widespread uprising against the Meiji government in Kyushu and southwestern Honshu . The Shinpūren Rebellion
864-571: The way. They recruited more warriors in Susa and began to call themselves the Juntoku Army. Maebara's plans to travel by sea to Hamada in Iwami Province were defeated by strong winds, and he returned to Hagi rather than proceed further. Maebara discovered upon his return to Hagi that someone had dumped his secret store of ammunition into the ocean, rendering his army largely weaponless. On 5 November, Maebara attempted to escape from Hagi with
896-744: Was adopted by the Miura that was the family name of his father-in-law. After studying at the Meirinkan clan military academy, he entered the Kiheitai irregular militia of the Chōshū domain and played an active role in the Boshin War to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate . He fought at the Battle of Hokuetsu . He later held various posts in Army-Navy Ministry under the Meiji government and
928-758: Was commander of the Hiroshima District. He helped suppress the Hagi Rebellion in his native Chōshū. During the Satsuma Rebellion , he served as commander of the Army's Third Brigade during the Battle of Tabaruzaka . In 1882, Miura was appointed commander of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy . In 1884, he accompanied Ōyama Iwao on a tour of Europe , to study the military systems in various western countries, and favoured an army organisation modelled after
960-438: Was defeated the following morning, but managed to inflict surprisingly large casualties on the Imperial Japanese Army and officials of Kumamoto Prefecture . Sympathizers of the rebellion were inspired to instigate their own rebellions against the Meiji government despite the little chance of success. On 26 October 1876, Maebara gathered a group of like-minded samurai in Hagi , the former capital of Chōshū Domain, and proposed
992-691: Was increasingly concerned over growing Russian influence over the Korean government, and less than a month after his arrival in Korea, Empress Myeongseong ordered the disbanding of the Japanese-trained Hullyeondae militia. Miura saw this as a first step in an attempt to remove pro-Japanese members of the government and loyalists to the Heungseon Daewongun , which would then lead to Russian intervention. Miura then staged
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1024-612: Was posthumously awarded the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers . Hagi, Yamaguchi Hagi ( 萩市 , Hagi-shi ) is a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture , Japan . As of 30 April 2023 , the city had an estimated population of 43,233 in 22,803 households and a population density of 62 persons per km². The total area of the city is 698.31 square kilometres (269.62 sq mi). It
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