Papyrus Harris I is also known as The Great Harris Papyrus and (less accurately) simply The Harris Papyrus (though there are a number of other papyri in the Harris collection). Its technical designation is Papyrus British Museum EA 9999 . At 41 metres long, it is "the longest known papyrus from Egypt , with some 1,500 lines of text." It was found in a tomb near Medinet Habu , across the Nile river from Luxor, Egypt , and purchased by collector Anthony Charles Harris (1790–1869) in 1855; it entered the collection of the British Museum in 1872.
6-950: Its editio princeps is the 1876 "Facsimile of an Egyptian Hieratic papyrus of the reign of Ramses III" published by the British Museum. The hieratic text of the papyrus consists of a list of temple endowments and a brief summary of the entire reign (1186–1155 BC) of king Ramesses III of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt . Ramesses III claims to have captured hundreds of thousands of foreign slaves: "I brought back in great numbers those that my sword has spared, with their hands tied behind their backs before my horses, and their wives and children in tens of thousands, and their livestock in hundreds of thousands. I imprisoned their leaders in fortresses bearing my name, and I added to them chief archers and tribal chiefs, branded and enslaved, tattooed with my name, their wives and children being treated in
12-400: The editio princeps ( plural : editiones principes ) of a work is the first printed edition of the work, that previously had existed only in manuscripts . These had to be copied by hand in order to circulate. For example, the editio princeps of Homer is that of Demetrius Chalcondyles , now thought to be from 1488. The most important texts of classical Greek and Roman authors were for
18-455: The most part produced in editiones principes in the years from 1465 to 1525, following the invention of the printing press around 1440. In some cases there were possibilities of partial publication, of publication first in translation (for example from Greek to Latin), and of a usage that simply equates with first edition . For a work with several strands of manuscript tradition that have diverged, such as Piers Plowman , editio princeps
24-501: The ordinary Egyptian he had trees planted for shade, he protected women so they might go freely wherever they wanted, and, when Egypt was at peace, its foreign mercenaries lived with their families in garrison towns. Overall, he was convinced of having greatly bettered the lot of all inhabitants of Egypt, natives or foreigners. The text itself was composed during the reign of Ramesses IV , Ramesses III's son and successor. Editio princeps In textual and classical scholarship ,
30-496: The same way." Its historical section mentions that Setnakhte , Ramesses III's father and predecessor, restored order and stability to Egypt after a time of internal civil conflict, expelling Asiatic followers of Irsu . Ramesses III himself reorganized the state bureaucracy and the army. He fought wars against the Sea Peoples and claims to have subdued them and made them subjects of Egypt. The Edomites too were subjugated. In
36-570: The west, he stopped the incursions of the Libyans and Meshwesh and settled them in the western Nile delta. His economic activities included the digging of a great well at Ayan, an expedition to Punt , an ill-defined region in the Horn of Africa, the importation of copper from Atika, and an expedition to the Sinai Peninsula which returned with precious stones. Improving the quality of life of
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