115-507: Harris Teeter Supermarkets, LLC. , also known as Harris Teeter Neighborhood Food & Pharmacy , is an American supermarket chain based in Matthews, North Carolina , a suburb of Charlotte . As of November 2024, the chain operates 262 stores in seven South Atlantic states ( North Carolina , South Carolina , Virginia , Georgia , Florida , Delaware , Maryland ) and Washington, D.C. Supermarket News ranked Harris Teeter No. 34 in
230-449: A department store is sometimes known as a hypermarket . Other services may include those of banks, cafés, childcare centers/creches, insurance (and other financial services), mobile phone sales, photo processing, video rentals, pharmacies, and gas stations . If the eatery in a supermarket is substantial enough, the facility may be called a "grocerant", a portmanteau of "grocery" and "restaurant". The traditional supermarket occupies
345-409: A greengrocer , butcher , bakery , fishmonger and dry goods store, in addition to a general store . Milk and other items of short shelf life were delivered by a milkman . These small retailers were the final links in a "long and tortuous food chain," as they were far too small to deal directly with most of the persons who actually harvested, processed, and distributed all that food. During
460-438: A family business. Most of Harris's brothers and sisters were employees, and brothers and brothers-in-law were store managers. His sister, Sarah, ran the accounting department and his wife's sister was Harris's personal secretary. His son, Donald Thomas Harris, began working for the company at eight years old by sweeping floors. As an adult, Donald suggested that Harris Teeter should carry more than just food products, and recommended
575-595: A foothold in the Raleigh - Durham market. Ashcraft retired in 1986, and Edward Dunn took over as president of Harris Teeter in that year. During Dunn's watch, Harris Teeter began expansion outside North Carolina. The first expanded stores were in the northern part of South Carolina, near Charlotte. Later expansions led the company to Myrtle Beach , Charleston , and the Hampton Roads region of Virginia . The "Very Important Customer" program, popularly known as VIC,
690-410: A high degree of convenience to the consumer to make the shopping experience pleasant and increase customer spending. This is done through the character of merchandising and product placement. There are many different ideas and theories in relation to layout and how product layout can influence the purchases made. One theory suggests that certain products are placed together or near one another that are of
805-542: A high volume of sales, and with of higher-margin items bought by the customers. Self-service with shopping carts (trolleys) or baskets reduces labor costs, and many supermarket chains are attempting further reduction by shifting to self-service check-outs . Historically, the earliest retailers were peddlers who marketed their wares in the streets, but by the 1920s, retail food sales in the United States had mostly shifted to small corner grocery stores. In that era,
920-519: A hundred A&P stores. By 1937, 44 percent of A&P stores were losing money. By February 1940, A&P had closed 5,950 stores and cut the percentage of money-losing stores to 18 percent. The numbers driving this process were unassailable: in A&;P's traditional grocery stores, "wages and overhead expenses" had consumed 18 percent of sales, while in A&P's newly opened supermarkets, those same numbers were less than 12 percent of sales. Once
1035-626: A large amount of floor space, usually on a single level. It is usually situated near a residential area in order to be convenient to consumers. The basic appeal is the availability of a broad selection of goods under a single roof, at relatively low prices. Other advantages include ease of parking and frequently the convenience of shopping hours that extend into the evening or even 24 hours of the day. Supermarkets usually allocate large budgets to advertising, typically through newspapers and television. They also present elaborate in-shop displays of products. Supermarkets typically are chain stores , supplied by
1150-595: A level never experienced before. Kroger took the idea one step further and pioneered the first supermarket surrounded on all four sides by a parking lot . For A&P, the conversion from traditional grocery stores to supermarkets came as a terrible shock for the thousands of retail employees whose lives were changed forever. But A&P had no choice but to plunge ahead. One of King Kullen's earliest imitators, Big Bear, opened its first supermarket in 1933 in New Jersey and collected more revenue in one year than over
1265-411: A number of markets within this one supermarket. Marketers use well-researched techniques to try to control purchasing behavior. The layout of a supermarket is considered by some to consist of a few rules of thumb and three layout principles. The high-draw products are placed in separate areas of the store to keep drawing the consumer through the store. High impulse and high margin products are placed in
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#17327795296091380-401: A position to promote circulation. In most supermarkets, the entrance will be on the right-hand side because some research suggests that consumers who travel in a counter-clockwise direction spend more. However, other researchers have argued that consumers moving in a clockwise direction can form better mental maps of the store leading to higher sales in turn. The second principle of the layout
1495-728: A result. One of Harris Teeter's oldest stores at Eastland Mall in Charlotte closed on June 22, 2006. The chain's expansion into Baltimore 's Locust Point neighborhood was originally set for 2010, but was delayed due to "construction and financial problems". As of April 2014, Harris Teeter had eleven stores in Maryland , including the Locust Point location. After selling its only other holding, American and Efird, Inc., Ruddick changed its name to Harris Teeter Supermarkets, Inc. in 2012. It had consolidated revenues of $ 4.3 billion for
1610-450: A similar or complementary nature to increase the average customer spend. This strategy is used to create cross-category sales similarity. In other words, the toothpaste is next to or adjacent the toothbrushes and the tea and coffee are down the same aisle as the sweet biscuits. These products complement one another and placing them near is one-way marketers try to increase purchases. For vertical placement, cheap generic brands tend to be on
1725-462: A small engagement in which local Loyalists were defeated by pro-independence forces. Some historians consider the battle significant because it disrupted Loyalist organizing in the region at a crucial time. After the Revolution, the legislature organized a new county by splitting this area from old Tryon County (named in the colonial era for a royally appointed governor). The 1780 battle site
1840-585: A snap purchase and to also entice them to shop down the aisle. The most obvious place supermarket layout influences consumers are at the checkout. Small displays of candy, magazines, and drinks are located at each checkout to tempt shoppers while they wait to be served. The large scale of supermarkets, while often improving cost and efficiency for customers, can place significant economic pressure on suppliers and smaller shopkeepers. Supermarkets often generate considerable food waste , although modern technologies such as biomethanation units may be able to process
1955-545: A strong anti-chain rhetorical device. With public backlash came political pressure to even the playing field for smaller vendors lacking the luxury of economies of scale. In 1936, the Robinson-Patman Act was implemented as a way of preventing such large chains from using their buying power to reap advantages over small stores, although the act was not well enforced and did not have much impact on such chains. Supermarkets rapidly proliferated across both Canada and
2070-548: A subsidiary of Kroger and continued to operate under the Harris Teeter brand. The merger closed on January 29, 2014, upon which chairman Thomas Dickson announced his retirement. The deal represented a return of sorts to the Charlotte market for Kroger. It had previously operated stores under its own moniker in Charlotte from 1977 to 1988. It also allowed Kroger to enter the Asheville region. Charlotte and Asheville had been
2185-402: A supermarket is a visual merchandising project that plays a major role. Stores can creatively use a layout to alter customers' perceptions of the atmosphere. Alternatively, they can enhance the store's atmospherics through visual communications (signs and graphics), lighting, colors, and scents. For example, to give a sense of the supermarket being healthy, fresh produce is deliberately located at
2300-619: Is 37 miles (60 km) southeast of Lincolnton via US 321 and Interstate 85 . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 8.7 square miles (22.6 km ), of which 8.6 square miles (22.4 km ) are land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km ), or 0.93%, are water. The city is sited on the northeastern side of the South Fork of the Catawba River , which flows southeast to join
2415-536: Is a higher risk of shoplifting , the costs of appropriate security measures ideally will be outweighed by reduced labor costs. Historically, there has been much debate about the origin of the supermarket. For example, Southern California grocery store chains Alpha Beta and Ralphs both have strong claims to being the first supermarket. By 1930, both chains were already operating multiple 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m ) self-service grocery stores. However, as of 1930, both chains were not yet true supermarkets in
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#17327795296092530-624: Is also reserved for canned and packaged goods and for various non-food items such as kitchenware , household cleaners , pharmacy products and pet supplies. Some supermarkets also sell other household products that are consumed regularly, such as alcohol (where permitted), medicine, and clothing , and some sell a much wider range of non-food products: DVDs , sporting equipment, board games, and seasonal items (e.g., Christmas wrapping paper , Easter eggs , school uniforms, Valentine's Day themed gifts, Mother's Day gifts, Father's Day gifts and Halloween ). A larger full-service supermarket combined with
2645-419: Is coordination. Coordination is the organized arrangement of product that promotes sales. Products such as fast-selling and slow-selling lines are placed in strategic positions in aid of the overall sales plan. Managers sometimes place different items in fast-selling places to increase turnover or to promote a new line. The third principle is consumer convenience. The layout of a supermarket is designed to create
2760-428: Is non- union and operates with better buying power. Other competition exists from warehouse clubs such as Costco that offer savings to customers buying in bulk quantities. Superstores , such as those operated by Wal-Mart and Asda, often offer a wide range of goods and services in addition to foods. In Australia, Aldi, Woolworths and Coles are the major players running the industry with fierce competition among all
2875-625: Is northwest of Charlotte , on the South Fork of the Catawba River . The city is the county seat of Lincoln County. This area was long occupied by varying cultures of indigenous peoples ; the first Americans settled the area after the American Revolution in the late 18th century. In June 1780 during the American Revolutionary War , the future site of Lincolnton was the site of the Battle of Ramsour's Mill ,
2990-566: Is smaller and more limited in the range of merchandise than a hypermarket or big-box market . In everyday United States usage, however, " grocery store " is often used to mean "supermarket". The supermarket store format first appeared around 1930 in the United States as the culmination of about two decades of retail innovations, and began to spread to other countries after extensive worldwide publicity in 1956. The supermarket typically has places for fresh meat, fresh produce , dairy , deli items, baked goods, and similar foodstuffs. Shelf space
3105-841: Is the second largest supermarket chain in North Carolina, with Food Lion being number one. By the mid to late 2000s, expansion to the Outer Banks of North Carolina had begun with stores in Corolla (May 2006), Kill Devil Hills (July 2006), and Morehead City (February 2009). The first store in Maryland opened in Darnestown on October 31, 2006; the second opened in May 2008 in Columbia 's Village of Kings Contrivance , replacing
3220-838: The Boone location, did not close. They were retained as the only Harris Teeter stores in the western part of the Charlotte market. The Lowes Foods stores that became Harris Teeter were three stores in Charlotte, now two with the Hunter's Crossing store closing in 2018 (the Promenade store became a Fresh Market), and one in Cornelius , Davidson , Huntersville , Matthews (Stallings) , Wesley Chapel , and Fort Mill, South Carolina . Lowes Foods stores in Harrisburg and Mooresville were retained. The chain's largest store opened in winter 2018 at
3335-734: The National Register of Historic Places since the late 20th century. It has three recognized historic districts: Lincolnton Commercial Historic District , South Aspen Street Historic District , and West Main Street Historic District . These were centers of the earliest businesses and retail activities. There was much activity around the Lincoln County Courthouse on court days, when farmers typically came to town to trade and sell their goods. Residences, churches and other notable buildings marked
3450-618: The Wendy's Frosty. In 1984, Harris Teeter purchased several Food World stores in and around Greensboro . As part of the purchase, the company acquired a warehouse in the western part of Greensboro. This marked the first significant foray of the company outside its Charlotte base. Before this point, the company was a grocer in the vein of Piggly Wiggly , with a mix of stores in urban and rural areas. Since 1984, Harris Teeter has focused more on higher-income urban sites. This trend continued with HT's 1988 purchase of Big Star Supermarkets , giving it
3565-629: The distribution centers of their parent companies , thus increasing opportunities for economies of scale . Supermarkets usually offer products at relatively low prices by using their buying power to buy goods from manufacturers at lower prices than smaller stores can. They also minimize financing costs by paying for goods at least 30 days after receipt and some extract credit terms of 90 days or more from vendors. Certain products (typically staple foods such as bread, milk and sugar) are very occasionally sold as loss leaders so as to attract shoppers to their store. Supermarkets make up for their low margins by
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3680-608: The "mountains of food". In the United Kingdom, self-service shopping took longer to become established. Even in 1947, there were just ten self-service shops in the country. In 1951, ex-US Navy sailor Patrick Galvani, son-in-law of Express Dairies chairman, made a pitch to the board to open a chain of supermarkets across the country. The UK's first supermarket under the new Premier Supermarkets brand opened in Streatham , South London , taking ten times as much per week as
3795-459: The 1920s, the highly inefficient nature of the American food distribution system meant that the "average urban family spent fully one-third of its budget on food". One of the most important defining features of the supermarket is cheap food. The vast abundance of cheap, wholesome food which modern consumers take for granted today was simply unimaginable before the middle of the 20th century, to
3910-547: The 2008 election. Edward L. Hatley (D) was elected as mayor in 2015. Hatley previously served as a member of the Lincoln County Board of Education. Lincolnton's City Council Members are Tim Smith(R) of Ward 1, David M. Black (D) of Ward 2, Dr. Martin A. Eaddy (D) of Ward 3, and Roby Jetton (R) of Ward 4. Council Members Smith, Black and Dr. Eaddy had their terms expire in 2017. The term of Council Member Jetton expired in 2019. In 2018, Mary Frances White (D) became
4025-485: The 2012 "Top 75 Retailers & Wholesalers" based on 2011 fiscal year sales of $ 4.3 billion. On July 9, 2013, Harris Teeter Supermarkets announced that it was being acquired by The Kroger Company for $ 2.5 billion. The sale closed on January 28, 2014, though the company retained its name, brand, and headquarters in Matthews. On February 1, 2022, Harris Teeter named Tammy DeBoer as the company's president. Harris Teeter
4140-423: The American grocery landscape with their low overhead and low prices (while crushing numerous independent small stores along the way), a backlash to this radical alteration of food distribution infrastructure appeared in the form of numerous anti-chain campaigns. The idea of " monopsony ", proposed by Cambridge economist Joan Robinson in 1933, that a single buyer could outmaneuver a market of multiple sellers, became
4255-458: The American supermarket stood at the pinnacle of a food production and distribution system so efficient that less than three percent of the U.S. population produced more than enough food to feed everyone. The average American adult "will spend 2 percent of their life inside" supermarkets. In the 21st century, traditional supermarkets in many countries face intense competition from discounters such as Wal-Mart, Aldi and Lidl , which typically
4370-646: The Catawba River at the South Carolina border. Clark Creek joins the South Fork in the northwestern part of the city. Lincolnton is governed by a mayor and four-member city council, who hire a city manager to oversee day-to-day governance. City council members serve four-year terms and the mayor serves for two years. They are elected in partisan elections in odd-numbered years. Council members represent city wards in which they must reside, but are elected at-large . The mayor conducts city meetings, normally
4485-517: The Harris Super Market at 1704 Central Avenue. The store had eight employees, primarily selling dry groceries because frozen foods and refrigeration did not become common until World War II . To the family and their employees, it was known as Store #1. This store, later known as Harris Teeter store #201, closed on June 5, 2012, and was replaced by the two-story store #401 on the same site, which opened on May 29, 2013. Harris' store
4600-453: The Harris Super Market was the first grocery store in Charlotte to add air conditioning . Harris also ran his own dairy farm and sold products from his dairy in his stores. For his wife, LaVerne, the dairy products carried the brand name of Vernedale Farms. Harris pioneered the first dairy co‑op among local dairy farmers. After running the co-op for several years, he negotiated its sale to Pet Dairy . Harris Super Markets began primarily as
4715-672: The Huntersville store closed on February 3, 2018, with the Wesley Chapel store following on December 15, 2020. This announcement came shortly after upscale brand Whole Foods Market opened its first Charlotte store in late summer 2012 and before Publix announced its expansion into the Charlotte region. In recent years, Harris Teeter has started a "Fuel Points" program whereby customers can earn discounts that can be used on gasoline purchases at Harris Teeter Fuel stations, which are adjacent to some Harris Teeter locations. Since 1992,
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4830-728: The NC Food Dealers Association. At one of the Food Dealers meetings, Teeter met Harris. The two men decided that working together would increase the financial strength of the two supermarkets, allow them to grow more rapidly, and decrease operating costs . W. L. Teeter and W. T. Harris agreed to merge and did so in November 1959 to become Harris Teeter Supermarkets. The merger of 15 stores collectively became official in February 1960. The new company became
4945-766: The New Bern Marketplace in New Bern, North Carolina , totaling up to 100,000 square feet. Harris Teeter also operates a number of prototype stores in their seven state layout. Some of these include a 78,200 square foot location in Greensboro, North Carolina , and a 78,000 square foot location in Charlotte. A new upscale grocery store called 201central and owned by Harris Teeter opened two locations in two former Lowes Foods locations in Huntersville, North Carolina and Wesley Chapel, North Carolina , but
5060-677: The South Carolina public school system, and supported the effort to turn Charleston College into what is known today as the College of Charleston . In 1939, Willis L. Teeter, who also worked for A&P at its Mooresville, North Carolina store, with his brother Paul, who was also working for A&P, borrowed $ 1,700 to open Teeter's Food Mart on Main Street in Mooresville. A&P was closing its doors in Mooresville and agreed to lease
5175-658: The Teeters had become a household name. Lines of eager shoppers wrapped around the new store in anticipation of being one of the first customers in Teeters' second location. The Teeters' success continued to grow and by 1957 their third store opened in Newton, North Carolina , a fourth in Cornelius , a fifth in Hickory , and a sixth opened in Morganton, North Carolina , in November 1958. After opening his sixth store Teeter joined
5290-542: The United States with the growth of automobile ownership and suburban development after World War II. Most North American supermarkets are located in suburban strip shopping centers as an anchor store along with other smaller retailers. They are generally regional rather than national in their company branding. Kroger is the most nationally oriented supermarket chain in the United States, but it has preserved most of its regional brands, including Ralphs , City Market , King Soopers , Fry's , Smith's , and QFC . In Canada,
5405-429: The United States". The exhibit was a rather "modest staging", not a truly comprehensive duplicate of a typical full-size U.S. supermarket, and yet it was much larger than anything the world had ever seen. Just like the American consumers who had entered the first supermarkets two decades earlier, conference attendees, local Italian visitors, and the international news media were all astonished, bewildered, and stunned by
5520-430: The air in the late 1950s or early 1960s and provides coverage of Lincolnton High School football every Friday night, as well as Atlanta Braves , NC State Wolfpack , and UNC Tar Heels sports events. The online Lincoln Tribune was founded about six years ago with a print edition, but has since become an exclusively online publication. Two free-distribution weekly papers News@Norman and Denver Weekly operate only in
5635-522: The average British general store of the time. Other chains caught on, and after Galvani lost out to Tesco's Jack Cohen in 1960 to buy the 212 Irwin's chain, the sector underwent a large amount of consolidation, resulting in 'the big four' dominant UK of today: Tesco , Asda , Sainsbury's and Morrisons . In the 1950s, supermarkets frequently issued trading stamps as incentives to customers. Today, most chains issue store-specific "membership cards", "club cards", or " loyalty cards ". These typically enable
5750-403: The average family size was 2.98. In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.9 males. The median income for a household in the city
5865-637: The banner Steinberg's . By the 1950s, supermarkets had become part of the everyday lives of American consumers, but were still extremely rare outside of the United States. Most persons outside the United States had never seen a supermarket or even heard of the term. That began to change after 1956, when the U.S. Department of Agriculture presented an "American Way exhibit" at the International Food Congress in Rome, Italy. The exhibit included "the first fully stocked supermarket outside of
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#17327795296095980-556: The best products, they saw sales rise quickly. Teeter based all he would do on the Golden Rule: Treat others as you would have them treat you. In 1946, the Teeters moved from downtown to a larger location to keep up with demand. The Teeters were leaders in installing the first automated doors and check-outs in North Carolina. In July 1953, the Teeters opened their second store in Lincolnton, North Carolina . At this point
6095-418: The cardholder to receive special members-only discounts on certain items when the credit card-like device is scanned at the checkout. Sales of selected data generated by club cards is becoming a significant revenue stream for some supermarkets. As of 2018, there were approximately 38,000 supermarkets in the supermarket's birthplace, the United States; Americans spent $ 701 billion at supermarkets that year; and
6210-658: The chain merged the two back to Harris Teeter/More Value and finally to just Harris Teeter again in 1979. Harris Teeter's 1980 acquisition of the Hunter Farms dairy in High Point, North Carolina , enabled the company to substantially reduce dairy costs. Today, all Harris Teeter-brand and Hunter Farms-brand dairy products come from the Hunter dairy. Hunter also provides dairy products to companies and organizations not associated with Harris Teeter, including convenience stores, schools, Lowes Foods private label ice creams, and
6325-483: The chain to pull out of the Atlanta market altogether in 2001. Atlanta already had an established supermarket base with Publix and Kroger . Kroger quickly bought and reopened some of the former Atlanta Harris Teeter store spaces as Kroger stores, although remodeling these stores to Kroger's store floor plan and design took a few years. Harris Teeter originally operated three stores in the greater Jacksonville area when
6440-433: The chains' common practice of selling loss leaders to be anti-competitive. They are also wary of the negotiating power that large, often multinationals have with suppliers around the world. During the dot-com boom , Webvan , an online-only supermarket, was formed and went bankrupt after three years and was acquired by Amazon. The British online supermarket Ocado , which uses a high degree of automation in its warehouses,
6555-403: The city. The population density was 1,219.4 inhabitants per square mile (470.8/km ). There were 4,146 housing units at an average density of 507.4 per square mile (195.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 65.98% White , 24.49% African American , 0.41% Asian , 0.33% Native American , 4.15% from other races , and 1.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.87% of
6670-501: The clerk had to measure out and wrap the precise amount desired. Merchants did not post prices, which forced customers to haggle and bargain with clerks to reach fair prices for their purchases. This business model had already been established in Europe for several centuries. It offered extensive opportunities for social interaction: many regarded this style of shopping as "a social occasion" and would often "pause for conversations with
6785-619: The closed Safeway . The first store in Washington, D.C. , opened in 2008. Harris Teeter continues its shift into high-income urban areas. Most new stores opened in Morganthall's tenure conform to this pattern. Stores such as the original Harris Super Market, located near uptown Charlotte, remain grandfathered into the current system. With Harris Teeter's further expansion into the upscale markets, many of their older stores in lower income neighborhoods or small towns were being shut down as
6900-433: The combination store. This was a grocery store which combined several departments under one roof, but generally maintained the traditional system of clerks pulling products from shelves on request. By 1929, only one in three U.S. grocery stores was a combination store. The concept of a self-service grocery store predates the supermarket; it was developed by entrepreneur Clarence Saunders at his Piggly Wiggly stores,
7015-467: The company added child-restraint belts to shopping carts . The chain's flagship store during the 1980s was in Charlotte's Cotswold neighborhood. It featured a waterfall and a fresh orange juice machine in the produce department, and for a brief period stocked fresh truffles that were flown in from France and priced at $ 300 a pound. Fred Morganthall became president of Harris Teeter upon Dunn's retirement in 1997. Morganthall oversaw further expansion of
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#17327795296097130-680: The company expanded into that market in the late 1990s. However, only one store remains open serving Amelia Island / Fernandina Beach , and thus making it Harris Teeter's only Florida location, albeit just south of the Georgia border. The Mandarin area store closed in 2004. October 3, 2006, brought the closing of the Ponte Vedra Beach location. Starting in the 2000s, Harris Teeter attempted to differentiate itself from its competitors by providing exceptional customer service and newly "branded" departments. The first department to be "branded"
7245-437: The consumer . Along with this path, there will be high-draw, high-impulse items that will influence the consumer to make purchases which they did not originally intend. Service areas such as restrooms are placed in a location which draws the consumer past certain products to create extra buys. Necessity items such as bread and milk are found at the rear of the store to increase the start of circulation. Cashiers' desks are placed in
7360-604: The development of the city; they include the Caldwell-Cobb-Love House , Emanuel United Church of Christ , Emmanuel Lutheran Church , Eureka Manufacturing Company Cotton Mill , First Baptist Church , First Presbyterian Church , First United Methodist Church , Methodist Church Cemetery , Lincolnton Recreation Department Youth Center , Loretz House , Old White Church Cemetery , Pleasant Retreat Academy , Shadow Lawn , St. Luke's Church and Cemetery , and Woodside . In 1986, Lincolnton expanded by annexing
7475-479: The eastern portion of Lincoln County. An on-line web paper, Lincoln Herald, began publishing in August 2012. The city has grown since 1980 as part of the Charlotte metropolitan area expansion. As of the 2020 United States census there were 11,091 people, 4,668 households, and 2,652 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2010, there were 10,683 people, 3,878 households, and 2,943 families residing in
7590-591: The entrance to the left-hand side as the consumer will likely turn right upon entry, and this allows the consumer to do a full counter-clockwise circle around the store before returning to the checkouts. This suggests that supermarket marketers should use this theory to their advantage by placing their temporary displays of products on the right-hand side to entice you to make an unplanned purchase. Furthermore, aisle ends are extremely popular with product manufacturers, who pay top dollar to have their products located there. These aisle ends are used to lure customers into making
7705-698: The expansion of supermarkets in these countries has important repercussions for small farmers, particularly those growing perishable crops. New supply chains have developed involving cluster formation; development of specialized wholesalers; leading farmers organizing supply, and farmer associations or cooperatives. In some cases supermarkets have organized their own procurement from small farmers; in others wholesale markets have adapted to meet supermarket needs. Larger supermarkets in North America and in Europe typically sell many items among many brands, sizes and varieties. U.S. publisher Supermarket News lists
7820-530: The final year of the war. His body was returned to Lincolnton for burial. Episcopal missionary bishop Henry C. Lay spent the final months of the Civil War in the town. Union forces occupied Lincoln County on Easter Monday, 1865, shortly before the close of the war. As county seat and a center of the textile industry, city residents prospered on the returns from cotton cultivation. The city has numerous properties, including churches, which have been listed on
7935-419: The first Thursday of each month, and votes only in case of a tie. Lincolnton government has traditionally been run solely by Democrats, but currently has a bipartisan government for the first time in its history. The city electorate narrowly backed Democrat Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential election. The rest of Lincoln County has generally leaned Republican, and heavily favored Republican John McCain in
8050-507: The first black elected official in Lincoln County's history. Lincolnton is home to one print newspaper and one radio station as well as a range of online news sites and blogs. The Lincoln Times-News was formed in the early 1960s by a merger between two much older publications. Based in historic downtown Lincolnton, the family-owned newspaper covers all of Lincoln County, for which it is the legal paper of record. WLON radio went on
8165-403: The first of which opened in 1916. Saunders was awarded several patents for the ideas he incorporated into his stores. The stores were a financial success and Saunders began to offer franchises. The general trend since then has been to stock shelves at night so that customers, the following day, can obtain their own goods and bring them to the front of the store to pay for them. Although there
8280-522: The fiscal year ended October 2, 2011 ("Fiscal 2011"). In June 2012, Harris Teeter announced the closure of six locations outside the Charlotte core, and its purchase of ten Lowes Foods stores in the Charlotte region. In turn, Lowes Foods would take the six Harris Teeter locations that would close and be compensated $ 26.5 million. Harris Teeter said this decision was based on focusing on larger, urbanized, and more upscale areas rather than rural, middle-market areas. In turn, Lowes Foods planned to shift to
8395-548: The following categories, for example: Hypermarkets have a larger range of non-food categories such as clothing, electronics, household decoration and appliances. Most merchandise is already packaged when it arrives at the supermarket. Packages are placed on shelves, arranged in aisles and sections according to type of item. Some items, such as fresh produce, are stored in bins. Those requiring an intact cold chain are in temperature-controlled display cases. While branding and store advertising will differ from company to company,
8510-410: The following formats (store types) that sell groceries: ( commissaries ) Some supermarkets are focusing on selling more (or even exclusively) organically certified produce. Others are trying to differentiate themselves by selling fewer (or no) products containing palm oil . This as the demand of palm oil is a main driver for the destruction of rainforests. As a response to the growing concern on
8625-504: The front of the store. In terms of bakery items, supermarkets usually dedicate 30 to 40 feet of store space to the bread aisle. Supermarkets are designed to "give each product section a sense of individual difference and this is evident in the design of what is called the anchor departments; fresh produce, dairy, delicatessen, meat and the bakery". Each section has different floor coverings, style, lighting and sometimes even individual services counters to allow shoppers to feel as if there are
8740-524: The heavy use of petroleum-based plastics for food packaging , so-called " zero waste " and "plastic-free" supermarkets and groceries are on the rise. Beginning in the 1990s, the food sector in developing countries has rapidly transformed, particularly in Latin America, South-East Asia, India, China and South Africa. With growth, has come considerable competition and some amount of consolidation. The growth has been driven by increasing affluence and
8855-417: The introduction of health and beauty aids, school supplies, bakeware, kitchen tools, and seasonal items (such as coolers in the summer). His father liked the idea and told Don that he should create and run that division of the company, which he did until his retirement in 1995. He was the last member of the family who worked for the company. Harris was instrumental in the permanent placement of kindergartens in
8970-557: The issue. They defined the attributes of a supermarket as "self-service, separate product departments, discount pricing, marketing and volume selling". They determined that the first true supermarket in the United States was opened by a former Kroger employee, Michael J. Cullen , on 4 August 1930, inside a 6,000-square-foot (560 m ) former garage in Jamaica, Queens in New York City. The store King Kullen , operated under
9085-593: The large chains joined the supermarket trend, the new retail format exploded across the country like a wildfire. The number of American supermarkets almost tripled from 1,200 in 32 states in 1936 to over 3,000 in 47 states in 1937. It was well over 15,000 by 1950. One sign of the supermarket format's success in slashing labor costs, overhead, and food prices was that the percentage of disposable income spent by American consumers on food plunged "from 21 percent in 1930 to 16 percent in 1940". The modern era of "cheap food" had begun. As large chain stores began to dominate
9200-814: The largest independent grocery organization in the Carolinas. Harris Teeter was purchased in 1969 by The Ruddick Corporation, owned and run by the Bourgeois-Dickson Family. The new owners introduced alcoholic beverages for sale for the first time. Harris, a devout Southern Baptist , had refused to allow the sale of alcohol, even after the merger. In 1970, the chain introduced the Big ;M discount concept to compete with Colonial Stores Big Star discount chain and A&P 's " WEO ". Those stores were mainly in working-class neighborhoods, while middle and upper-class areas retained Harris Teeter. By 1976,
9315-633: The largest such company is Loblaw , which operates stores under a variety of banners targeted to different segments and regions, including Fortinos , Zehrs , No Frills , the Real Canadian Superstore, and Loblaws, the foundation of the company. Sobeys is Canada's second largest supermarket with locations across the country, operating under many banners (Sobeys IGA in Quebec ). Québec's first supermarket opened in 1934 in Montréal, under
9430-420: The layout of a supermarket remains virtually unchanged. Although big companies spend time giving consumers a pleasant shopping experience, the design of a supermarket is directly connected to the in-store marketing that supermarkets must conduct to get shoppers to spend more money while there. Every aspect of the store is mapped out and attention is paid to color, wording and surface texture. The overall layout of
9545-566: The location to the Teeter brothers. The first Teeter Food Mart opened on July 15, 1939. Teeter's was a family-run operation. Teeter was the manager, Paul (Bill), his brother was the produce manager, and Teeter's wife, Sylvia, also worked at the store. Paul's wife, Mildred, later joined the staff as a bookkeeper as the Teeter stores expanded. The Teeter brothers believed in exceptional customer service, even having home delivery service. Because of their standards of providing great customer service and only
9660-418: The logic of "pile it high and sell it cheap". The store layout was designed by Joseph Unger, who originated the concept of customers using baskets to collect groceries before checking out at a counter. Everything displayed for sale in the store "had prices clearly marked", meaning that consumers would no longer need to haggle over prices. Cullen described his store as "the world's greatest price wrecker". At
9775-425: The lowest shelves, products appealing to children are placed at the mid-thigh level, and the most profitable brands are placed at eye level. The fourth principle is the use of color psychology , and the locations of the food, similar to its use in fast food branding. Consumer psychologists suggest that most buyers tend to enter the store and shop to their right first. Some supermarkets, therefore, choose to place
9890-449: The market. Initial development of supermarkets has now been followed by hypermarket growth. In addition there were investments by companies such as Makro and Metro Cash and Carry in large-scale Cash-and-Carry operations. While the growth in sales of processed foods in these countries has been much more rapid than the growth in fresh food sales, the imperative nature of supermarkets to achieve economies of scale in purchasing means that
10005-640: The modern sense because their prices remained quite high; as noted above, one of the most important defining features of the supermarket is cheap food. Their main selling point was free parking . Other strong contenders in Texas included Weingarten's and Henke & Pillot . To end the debate, the Food Marketing Institute in conjunction with the Smithsonian Institution and with funding from H.J. Heinz , researched
10120-418: The most predominant areas to grab attention. Power products are placed on both sides of the aisle to create increased product awareness, and end caps are used to receive a high exposure of a certain product whether on special, promotion or in a campaign, or a new line. The first principle of the layout is circulation. Circulation is created by arranging product so the supermarket can control the traffic flow of
10235-418: The northern coastal area of North Carolina. The Central Region, based in Raleigh, North Carolina , encompasses stores from Greensboro/High Point to Wilmington and Albemarle. The Southern Region, based in Charlotte, contains stores in southwestern North Carolina (from Winston-Salem to Asheville), as well as South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. As of August 2007, Harris Teeter had over 18,000 employees, and
10350-509: The official mascot of Harris Teeter has been "Harry the Happy Dragon." Its slogan is "Your Neighborhood Food Market", although the older slogan "The Best Is What We're All About" still appears frequently in stores. An advertising campaign that debuted in 2004 features the slogan "My Harris Teeter", which is used as a jingle . It was announced on July 9, 2013, that Kroger would buy Harris Teeter for $ 2.4 billion in cash. The company became
10465-400: The only large markets in the Carolinas where Kroger had no presence. In June 2015, Harris Teeter exited the crowded Nashville market, where its growth was stunted by aggressive competition from Publix (which expanded into the area around the same time as Harris Teeter), as well as other specialty grocers such as Trader Joe's , The Fresh Market , and Whole Foods , which all opened stores in
10580-506: The order is complete, the customer will pick it up (i.e. "click-and-collect") or have it fulfilled via home delivery. Supermarkets are investing in micro-fulfillment centers with the hope that automation can help reduce the costs of online commerce and e-commerce by shortening the distances from store to home and speeding up deliveries. MFCs are said by many to be the key to profitably fulfilling online orders. The U.S. FMI food industry association, drawing on research by Willard Bishop, defines
10695-514: The point that the first American supermarket customers in the 1930s were overcome with emotion at the sight of so much cheap food. Before the 20th century, food was neither cheap, nor wholesome, nor abundant. For example, in 1812, almost 90 percent of Americans worked in food production, and they struggled to stay alive on food which was often scarce, of poor quality, and riddled with diseases which could and did often kill them. The concept of an inexpensive food market relying on economies of scale
10810-409: The population. There were 3,878 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and
10925-503: The proximity of Harris Teeter locations. Kroger has traditionally had a market-leading presence in Nashville, and initially promised to keep the Harris Teeter stores open after the acquisition, But later, Kroger said the market "did not support Harris Teeter's future business plans." Harris Teeter closed one Nashville-area store soon after opening in the early-2000s, but five survived into 2015. The first of those closed in February, another
11040-612: The rise of a middle class; the entry of women into the workforce; with a consequent incentive to seek out easy-to-prepare foods; the growth in the use of refrigerators, making it possible to shop weekly instead of daily; and the growth in car ownership, facilitating journeys to distant stores and purchases of large quantities of goods. The opportunities presented by this potential have encouraged several European companies to invest in these markets (mainly in Asia) and American companies to invest in Latin America and China. Local companies also entered
11155-419: The staff or other customers". These practices were by nature slow, had high labor intensity , and were quite expensive. The number of customers who could be attended to at one time was limited by the number of staff employed in the store. Early grocery stores were "austere" and tiny by modern standards, with as few as 450 items. Shopping for groceries often involved trips to multiple specialty shops, such as
11270-415: The standard retail grocery business model was for a clerk to fetch products from shelves behind the merchant's counter while customers waited in front of the counter, indicating the items they wanted. Customers needed to ask because "most stores were designed to keep customers (and their children) away from the food". Most foods and merchandise did not come in individually wrapped consumer-sized packages, so
11385-453: The supermarket chain since taking over as company president. His first initial expansions moved Harris Teeter into Nashville, Tennessee ; Atlanta, Georgia ; and Jacksonville, Florida , which happened through the end of the 1990s. Harris Teeter's expansion into Atlanta included 15 stores around the city and its suburbs. There were plans to further expand in Atlanta. However, these plans were only partially fulfilled and poorly executed, leading
11500-542: The three. The rising market share of Aldi has forced the other two to cut prices and increase their private label product ranges. The proliferation of such warehouse and superstores has contributed to the continuing disappearance of smaller, local grocery stores, the increased dependence on the automobile , and suburban sprawl because of the necessity for large floor space and increased vehicular traffic. For example, in 2009 51% of Wal-Mart's $ 251 billion domestic sales were recorded from grocery goods. Some critics consider
11615-409: The time of his death in 1936, there were seventeen King Kullen stores in operation. Although Saunders had brought the world self-service, uniform stores, and nationwide marketing, Cullen built on this idea by adding separate food departments, selling large volumes of food at discount prices and adding a parking lot. Early supermarkets like King Kullen were called "cheapy markets" by industry experts at
11730-506: The time; this was soon replaced by the phrase "super market". The compound phrase was then closed up to become the modern term "supermarket". Other established American grocery chains in the 1930s, such as Kroger and Safeway Inc. at first resisted Cullen's ideas, but were eventually forced to build their own supermarkets as the economy sank into the Great Depression . American consumers became extraordinarily price-sensitive at
11845-514: The town of Boger City . Lincolnton is in central Lincoln County in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. U.S. Route 321 , a four-lane freeway, passes through the east side of the city, leading north 20 miles (32 km) to Hickory and south 15 miles (24 km) to Gastonia . North Carolina Highway 27 is Lincolnton's Main Street and leads southeast 20 miles (32 km) to Mount Holly and west 16 miles (26 km) to Toluca . Charlotte
11960-525: The waste into an economical source of energy. Also, purchases tracking may help as supermarkets then become better able to size their stock (of perishable goods), reducing food spoilage. Lincolnton, North Carolina Lincolnton is a city in Lincoln County, North Carolina , United States within the Charlotte metropolitan area . The population was 10,486 at the 2010 census . Lincolnton
12075-735: The western part of North Carolina, and away from Charlotte. However, industry analysts speculate that these changes are happening due to the impending expansion of Publix into the Charlotte market. In 2012, Harris Teeter closed its stores in Asheville , Hickory , Shelby , Morganton , and two stores in Gastonia ; the company had been established in these markets for at least the last half-century. The company returned to Asheville in 2013 with store #348 and Gastonia in 2016 with store #281. The newer Harris Teeter in Hendersonville , as well as
12190-715: Was chosen for the seat of Lincoln County. The new city and the county were named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln , who served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. The Piedmont area was developed for industry, based on using the water power from the streams and rivers there. With the advantage of the South Fork of the Catawba, Lincolnton was the site of the first textile mill in North Carolina, constructed by Michael Schenck in 1813. It
12305-475: Was developed by Vincent Astor . He founded the Astor Market in 1915, investing $ 750,000 of his fortune into a 165′ by 125′ (50×38-metre) corner of 95th and Broadway, Manhattan , creating, in effect, an open-air mini-mall that sold meat, fruit, produce and flowers. The expectation was that customers would come from great distances ("miles around"), but in the end, even attracting people from ten blocks away
12420-559: Was difficult, and the market folded in 1917. The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company (A&P), which was established in 1859, was an early grocery store chain in Canada and the United States. It became common in North American cities in the 1920s. Early chains like A&P did not sell fresh meats or produce. During the 1920s, to reduce the hassle of visiting multiple stores, U.S. grocery store chains like A&P introduced
12535-496: Was founded by William Thomas Harris and Willis L. Teeter, two entrepreneurs who started their separate businesses during the Great Depression in Charlotte, North Carolina . Harris opened a full-service drugstore called Harris Drugs and Teeter opened Teeters Food Mart, later merging their two ventures. Harris, an employee of the A&;P store on Central and Pecan Avenues – Charlotte's first supermarket – borrowed funds in 1936 to open
12650-454: Was introduced later in Dunn's tenure. This program was one of the first widespread loyalty card programs now popular throughout American grocery stores. The VIC program advertised "giveaways" such as turkeys for Thanksgiving , beach apparel for the summer, and gift cards to Harris Teeter stores. In 1981, Harris Teeter was one of the first grocery chains to test plastic grocery bags . In 1985
12765-457: Was permanently closed in June, and the remaining three were converted to Kroger stores by 2016 (one of which replaced a nearby existing Kroger store). Supermarket A supermarket is a self-service shop offering a wide variety of food , beverages and household products , organized into sections. This kind of store is larger and has a wider selection than earlier grocery stores , but
12880-679: Was the first cotton mill built south of the Potomac River . Cotton processing became a major industry in the area. St. Luke's Episcopal Church was founded in 1841. During the American Civil War , Lincoln County had many residents who either joined or were conscripted to the Confederate Army . Among them was Major General Stephen Dodson Ramseur , who was mortally wounded at the Battle of Cedar Creek in Virginia in
12995-521: Was the first in North Carolina to allow customers to select their own groceries off the shelves. Before this time, customers handed a shopping list to a clerk, who then selected the groceries for the customers. The store was also open until 9 p.m. on Fridays, at a time when most grocery stores closed their doors at 5 p.m. This was done to appeal to working families and to capture their grocery shopping after they were paid on Fridays. Later,
13110-655: Was the first successful online-only supermarket. Ocado expanded into providing services to other supermarket firms such as Waitrose and Morrisons . Grocery stores such as Walmart employ food delivery services offered by third parties such as DoorDash . Other online food delivery services, such as Deliveroo in the United Kingdom, have begun to pay specific attention to supermarket delivery. Delivery robots are offered by various companies partnering with supermarkets. Micro-fulfillment centers (MFC) are relatively small warehouses with sophisticated automated rack-and-tote systems which prepare orders for pickup and delivery. Once
13225-783: Was the meat department, which in June 2002 began offering "Harris Teeter Rancher" beef. This was followed by the introductions of the Farmers' Market (produce department, October 2003), the Fisherman's Market (seafood department, April 2004), and the Fresh Foods Market (deli/bakery, January 2005). Gourmet imported items are sold under the "H.T. Traders" brand. Harris Teeter stores are now separated into 3 regions and 18 districts. The Northern Region, based in Fairfax, Virginia , encompasses all stores in Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and
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