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37-398: Heidi ( / ˈ h aɪ d i / ; German: [ˈhaɪdi] ) is a work of children's fiction published between 1880 and 1881 by Swiss author Johanna Spyri , originally published in two parts as Heidi: Her Years of Wandering and Learning ( German : Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre ) and Heidi: How She Used What She Learned ( German : Heidi kann brauchen, was es gelernt hat ). It

74-454: A few days. If the milk is to be used to make cheese, homogenization is not recommended, as this changes the structure of the milk, affecting the culture's ability to coagulate the milk as well as the final quality and yield of cheese. Dairy goats in their prime (generally around the third or fourth lactation cycle) average—2.7 to 3.6 kg (6 to 8 lb)—(or 2.8 to 3.8 L (3 to 4 U.S. qt))—of milk production daily—roughly during

111-746: A host of morbidities associated with that practice, including severe electrolyte abnormalities , metabolic acidosis , megaloblastic anemia , allergic reactions including life-threatening anaphylactic shock , hemolytic–uremic syndrome , and infections." Untreated caprine brucellosis results in a 2% case fatality rate. According to the USDA , doe milk is not recommended for human infants because it contains "inadequate quantities of iron , folate , vitamins C and D , thiamine , niacin , vitamin B 6 , and pantothenic acid .Doe milk would not meet an infant's nutritional needs" and may cause harm to an infant's kidneys and could cause metabolic damage. According to

148-415: A sequel to Spyri's story, the film is anachronistic in that it depicts Heidi as a teenager during World War I, despite the fact that the original novel (where Heidi is only five years old) was published in 1881. The book has been criticised for black-and-white character portrayals and an idealization of pastoral life. In Japan, since its first Japanese translation in 1906, the book has been influential upon

185-479: A ten-month lactation . Goats produce more after freshening and gradually drop production toward the end of their lactation. The milk generally averages 3.5% butterfat . Goat milk is commonly processed into cheese , butter , ice cream , yogurt , cajeta and other products. Goat cheese is known as fromage de chèvre ("goat cheese") in France. Some varieties include Rocamadour and Montrachet. Goat butter

222-536: Is a list of her main books: Her books were originally written in German. The translations into English at the end of the 19th century, or the early 1900s, mention H. A. Melcon (1839–1910), Maria Louise Kirk (1860–1938), Emma Stelter Hopkins, Louise Brooks, Helen B. Dole and the couple Charles Wharton Stork and Elisabeth P. Stork. She wrote a song that became a Volkslied , " Rote Rosen am Hügel ". [1] Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek Goat%27s milk Goat milk

259-505: Is a novel about the events in the life of a 3-year-old girl in her paternal grandfather's care in the Swiss Alps . It was written as a book "for children and those who love children" (as quoted from its subtitle). Heidi is one of the best-selling books ever written and is among the best-known works of Swiss literature . In the town of Domleschg lived two brothers. The older wasted the family fortune on drinking and gambling, while

296-568: Is charmed by Heidi's simple friendliness and her descriptions of life on the Alm, and delights in all the funny mishaps brought about by Heidi's naïvety and lack of experience with city life, but the Sesemanns' strict housekeeper, Fräulein Rottenmeier, views the household disruptions as wanton misbehaviour, and places the free-spirited Heidi under more and more restraint, forbidding her to talk of

333-555: Is gradually successful. Her grandmother and father are overcome with joy to see Klara walking again. The Sesemann family promises to provide permanent care for Heidi, if there ever comes a time when her grandfather is no longer able to do so. Thirteen English translations were done between 1882 and 1959, by British and American translators: Louise Brooks, Helen B. Dole, H.A. Melcon, Helene S. White, Marian Edwardes, Elisabeth P. Stork, Mabel Abbott, Philip Schuyler Allen, Shirley Watkins, M. Rosenbaum, Eileen Hall, and Joy Law. As of 2010, only

370-448: Is not recommended for use by infants due to the discrepancy between the composition of whole milk and breastmilk and the imperfection of the child's digestive organs for digesting evolutionarily unsuitable food. Lack of folic acid when using whole milk instead of breastfeeding in children leads to the development of B12 folate deficiency anemia . In the event of an allergic reaction in children to cow's milk, contrary to popular belief,

407-405: Is the milk of domestic goats . Goats produce about 2% of the world's total annual milk supply. Some goats are bred specifically for milk. Goat milk naturally has small, well-emulsified fat globules, which means the cream will stay in suspension for a longer period of time than cow's milk ; therefore, it does not need to be homogenized . Eventually, the cream will rise to the top over a period of

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444-567: Is titled Adelheide - das Mädchen vom Alpengebirge —translated, "Adelaide, the girl from the Alps". The two stories were alleged to share many similarities in plot line and imagery. Spyri biographer Regine Schindler said it was entirely possible that Johanna may have been familiar with the story as she grew up in a literate household with many books. However, the professor's claims have been examined and afterwards described as "unscientific", due to 'superficial coincidences' he brings up in descriptions and

481-485: Is white because goats produce milk with the yellow beta-carotene converted to a colorless form of vitamin A . Goat milk has less cholesterol. Breast milk is the best nutrition for infants. If this is not an option, infant formula is the alternative. EFSA (European Food Safety Association) concluded in 2012 that goat milk protein is suitable as a protein source in infant and follow-on formulas. Ever since, goat milk-based infant formulas have rapidly gained popularity around

518-549: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) discourages feeding infants unmodified goat's milk. An April 2010 case report describes an infant fed raw goat milk and summarizes AAP's recommendation and presents "a comprehensive review of the consequences associated with this dangerous practice." They also voiced, "Many infants are exclusively fed unmodified goat's milk as a result of cultural beliefs as well as exposure to false online information. Anecdotal reports have described

555-641: The 1930s and 1940s, many years after she died, while the last one was witten by Nathalie Gala. The series is composed of a total of 7 books, 2 translated from Spyri's works and 5 original. Only two of them were published in English. There are some major differences between the original Heidi and the Tritten sequels. These include: In 1990, screenwriters Weaver Webb and Fred & Mark Brogger, and director Christopher Leitch, produced Courage Mountain , starring Charlie Sheen and Juliette Caton as Heidi. Billed as

592-482: The Alm-Uncle. One day Heidi reads to him "The Prodigal Son" from a book Frau Sesemann gave her. That night Alm-Uncle prays for the first time in years. He accompanies Heidi to church, and that winter takes accommodation in the village so that she can attend school. Heidi and Klara continue to keep in touch and exchange letters. A visit by the doctor to Heidi leads him to recommend that Klara visit Heidi, believing that

629-521: The Alps or to cry for home. Soon, Heidi becomes terribly homesick for the Alm, and grows alarmingly pale and thin. Her one diversion is learning to read and write using a collection of Biblical stories, motivated by Klara's grandmother Frau Sesemann who shows her trust and affection, and encourages her to believe in God and to pray. Later Frau Sesemann gifts Heidi the book. Heidi's homesickness leads to episodes of sleepwalking where she goes downstairs and opens

666-533: The Brooks, Edwardes and Hall translations are still in print. The preface of the 1924 English translation was written by Adeline Zachert . In April 2010, a Swiss scholar named Peter Otto Büttner, uncovered a book written in 1830 by German author Hermann Adam von Kamp entitled Adelaide: The Girl from the Alps (German: Adelaide, das Mädchen vom Alpengebirge ). The two stories share many similarities in plotline and imagery. Spyri's biographer Regine Schindler said it

703-833: The Canadian federal health department Health Canada , most of the dangers of, and counter-indications for, feeding unmodified goat's milk to infants parallel those associated with unmodified cow's milk — especially insofar as allergic reactions go. A 1970 book on animal breeding claimed that does' milk differs from cows' or humans' milk by having higher digestibility, distinct alkalinity , higher buffering capacity , and certain therapeutic values in human medicine and nutrition. George Mateljan suggested doe milk can replace ewe milk or cow milk in diets of those who are allergic to certain mammals' milk. However, like cow milk, doe milk has lactose (sugar), and may cause gastrointestinal problems for individuals with lactose intolerance . In fact,

740-617: The English language was a dubbed feature-length compilation film using the most pivotal episodes of the television series, released on video in the United States in 1985. Although the original book describes Heidi as having dark, curly hair, she is usually portrayed as blonde . Versions of the story include: A stage musical adaptation of Heidi with book and lyrics by Francois Toerien, music by Mynie Grové and additional lyrics by Esther von Waltsleben, premiered in South Africa at

777-533: The Klein Karoo National Arts Festival in 2016. Directed by Toerien with musical direction by Dawid Boverhoff, the production starred Tobie Cronjé (Rottenmeier), Dawid Minnaar (Sesemann), Albert Maritz (Grandfather), Ilse Klink (Aunt Dete), Karli Heine (Heidi), Lynelle Kenned (Klara), Dean Balie (Peter), Jill Middlekop and Marlo Minnaar. Puppets for the production were created by Hansie Visagie. A stage musical adaptation of Heidi of

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814-713: The Mountain (music and lyrics by Claude Watt, book by Claude and Margaret Watt) was performed in Sidney, BC, Canada by Mountain Dream Productions, premiering in 2007 at the Charlie White Theatre, and has been performed again several times since then. The 2007 production starred Claude Watt (Grandfather), Margaret Watt (Rottenmeier), Rianne Craig (Heidi) and Katrina Brindle (Klara). There have been two Heidi computer games released for mobile devices, with

851-424: The front door, which the household initially takes as the work of ghosts. The family doctor recommends she be sent home before she becomes seriously ill. She gladly returns to the mountains laden with presents for her friends and the book from Frau Sesemann, but finds one of her greatest pleasures is reading hymns to Peter's blind grandmother, who can no longer do so for herself. Her faith in God speaks to something in

888-514: The general, stereotypical image of Switzerland for the Japanese, especially its tourists, many visiting the Heidi's Village park. Johanna Spyri In 1852, Johanna Heusser married a lawyer named Bernherd Spyri. Whilst living in the city of Zürich she began to write about life in the country. Her first story, "A Leaf on Vrony's Grave", which deals with a woman's life of domestic violence ,

925-443: The grandmother's death, Dete is offered a job as a maid in the big city, and takes 5-year-old Heidi to live with the Alm-Uncle. He resents Heidi's arrival, but the girl's intelligence and cheerful yet unaffected demeanour soon earn his love. Heidi befriends her new neighbours: young Peter the goatherd , his mother Brigitte, and his blind maternal grandmother. With each season that passes, the mountaintop inhabitants, especially Peter and

962-451: The grandmother, grow more attached to Heidi, and she to them. However, the grandfather refuses to allow Heidi to attend school, quarrelling with the local pastor and schoolmaster when they try to encourage him to do so, and Heidi is illiterate as a result. Three years later, Dete returns to take Heidi to Frankfurt to be a hired lady's companion to a wealthy girl named Klara Sesemann, who is unable to walk and regarded as an invalid . Klara

999-467: The level of lactose is similar to that of cow milk. Some researchers and companies producing goat's milk products have made claims that goat's milk is better for human health than most Western cow's milk due to it mostly lacking a form of β-casein proteins called A1, and instead mostly containing the A2 form , which does not metabolize to β-casomorphin 7 in the body. Like whole cow's milk, whole goat's milk

1036-399: The many actual differences in the story, that he doesn't, as well as the "Swiss disease" of homesickness already being a common trope in fiction in the eighteenth (nineteenth in the article) century (as well as, while not mentioned in the article, it being discovered before von Kamp was even born) and characters that are either drastically different or not in "Adelaide", at all. The following

1073-625: The most recent being Heidi: Mountain Adventures . Both games are based on the Studio 100 TV series of 2015 and are aimed at young children, with educational elements and a series of mini-games . Heidiland, named after the Heidi books, is an important tourist area in Switzerland, popular especially with Japanese and Korean tourists. Maienfeld is the center of what is called Heidiland; one of

1110-507: The mountain Alm . Two village girls, sisters Dete and Adelheid, befriend Tobias. Adelheid and Tobias marry and have a daughter, also named Adelheid but affectionately nicknamed Heidi. Soon after, Tobias is killed in a work accident and Adelheid dies of shock. The Alm-Uncle holds this against God and becomes bitter. Heidi is raised by her maternal grandmother and Dete in Maienfeld. Shortly after

1147-485: The mountain environment and the wholesome companionship will do her good. Klara makes the journey the next season and spends a wonderful summer with Heidi, becoming stronger on goat's milk and fresh mountain air. Peter, jealous of Heidi's and Klara's friendship, pushes her empty wheelchair down the mountain. He is soon wracked with guilt about what he did and ultimately confesses to it. Without her wheelchair, Klara has no choice but to learn to walk; she attempts to do so and

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1184-575: The villages, formerly called Oberrofels, is actually renamed "Heididorf". Heidiland is located in an area called Bündner Herrschaft ; it is criticized as being a "laughable, infantile cliché" and "a more vivid example of hyperreality ". Between 1933 and 1955, French publishing company Flammarion published a new edition of Heidi along with a series of new original sequels. Despite being all published under Johanna Spyri's name, this books were neither written nor endorsed by Spyri, but were adapted from her other works by her French translator, Charles Tritten in

1221-530: The world including: the UK, Australia, Germany, Netherlands, China, Korea, Australia and New Zealand. These formulas are not produced by the infant formula multinationals but by companies that focus on specialty infant formulas. In the U.S. goat milk infant formula is not yet available. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recognizes that goat infant formula has been thoroughly reviewed and supports normal growth and development in infants. Like unmodified cow's milk,

1258-657: The younger ran away to serve in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 's Army in Naples . Years later the younger brother returns with a son, Tobias. After Tobias serves an apprenticeship to Mels , father and son move to Dörfli ('small village' in Swiss German) in the municipality of Maienfeld . The villagers spread rumors about the father's life in Naples . The man becomes known as The Alm-Uncle, as he lives in seclusion on

1295-501: Was entirely possible that Spyri may have been familiar with the story, as she grew up in a literate household with many books. About 25 film or television productions of the original story have been made. The Heidi films were popular far and wide, becoming a huge hit, and the Japanese animated series became iconic in several countries around the world. The only incarnation of the Japanese-produced animated TV series to reach

1332-534: Was interred in the family plot at the Sihlfeld-A Cemetery in Zürich. An icon in Switzerland, Spyri's portrait was placed on a postage stamp in 1951 and on a 20 CHF commemorative coin in 2009. In April 2010 a professor searching for children's illustrations found a book written in 1830 by a German history teacher, Hermann Adam von Kamp , that Spyri may have used as a basis for Heidi . The 1830 story

1369-566: Was published in 1873; the following years further stories for both adults and children appeared, among them the novel Heidi , which she wrote in four weeks only. Heidi tells the story of an orphan girl who lives with her grandfather in the Swiss Alps , and is famous for its vivid portrayal of the landscape. Spyri's husband and her only child, both named Bernhard, both died in 1884. Alone, she devoted herself to charitable causes and wrote over fifty more stories before her death in 1901. She

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