Misplaced Pages

#768231

77-660: Frankenthaler had a home and studio in Darien, Connecticut . Helen Frankenthaler was born on December 12, 1928, in New York City . Her father was Alfred Frankenthaler , a New York State Supreme Court judge. Her mother, Martha (Lowenstein), had emigrated with her family from Germany to the United States as an infant. Helen's two sisters, Marjorie and Gloria , were six and five years older, respectively. Growing up on Manhattan's Upper East Side , Frankenthaler absorbed

154-422: A beach and swimming area, clubhouse, playground, picnic area, concession stand, and tennis and paddle courts. In 2022, the town purchased a 60-acre (24 ha) island, Great Island, from the estate William Ziegler . The Darien Community Association bird sanctuary is a 4-acre (1.6 ha) woodland behind Meadowlands manor. The Darien Ice House is an ice rink. Founded in 1928, Noroton Yacht Club runs

231-644: A collections-focused group exhibition at the Pérez Art Museum Miami , Florida, showcased Frankenthaler's work in the collection alongside Julie Mehretu, Jules Olitski, and Louis Morris, among others. She was a presidential appointee to the National Council on the Arts, which advises the NEA's chairman. In The New York Times in 1989, she argued government funding for the arts was "not part of

308-517: A curator at the Museum of Modern Art, was at the Jewish Museum in 1960. Subsequent solo exhibitions include "Helen Frankenthaler," Whitney Museum of American Art , New York (1969; traveled to Whitechapel Gallery , London; Orangerie Herrenhausen , Hanover; and Kongresshalle , Berlin), and "Helen Frankenthaler: a Painting Retrospective," The Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth (1989–90; traveled to

385-590: A decade after her death the New Britain Museum of American Art mounted an exhibition of her works on paper from the final stages of her opus titled "Helen Frankenthaler; Late Works 1990 - 2003". In 2023 her work was included in the exhibition Action, Gesture, Paint: Women Artists and Global Abstraction 1940-1970 at the Whitechapel Gallery in London. Every Sound Is a Shape of Time ,

462-422: A feminist: "For me, being a 'lady painter' was never an issue. I don't resent being a female painter. I don't exploit it. I paint." Mary Beth Edelson 's feminist piece Some Living American Women Artists / Last Supper (1972) appropriated Leonardo da Vinci ’s The Last Supper , with the heads of notable women artists including Frankenthaler collaged over the heads of Christ and his apostles. This image, addressing

539-475: A lithographic workshop in West Islip, Long Island. Frankenthaler collaborated with Tatyana Grosman in 1961 to create her first prints. In 1976, Frankenthaler began to work within the medium of woodcuts. She collaborated with Kenneth E. Tyler . The first piece they created together was Essence of Mulberry (1977), a woodcut that used eight different colors. Essence of Mulberry was inspired by two sources:

616-445: A minute. John Elderfield wrote that the watercolors of Paul Cézanne and John Marin were important early influences: Watercolor... expands the brightness and flatness of plein-air painting because it visibly reveals these qualities in the whiteness of its support, which always makes its presence felt due to the insubstantiality of its covering. Marin and Cézanne were important to Frankenthaler not only for their watercolors or for

693-454: A picture looks labored and overworked, and you can read in it—well, she did this and then she did that, and then she did that—there is something in it that has not got to do with beautiful art to me. And I usually throw these out, though I think very often it takes ten of those over-labored efforts to produce one really beautiful wrist motion that is synchronized with your head and heart, and you have it, and therefore it looks as if it were born in

770-730: A scholarship, but left shortly before completing the program. Louis worked at various odd jobs to support himself while painting, and in 1935 was president of the Baltimore Artists' Association. From 1936 to 1940, he lived in New York City and worked in the easel division of the Works Progress Administration Federal Art Project. During this period, he knew Arshile Gorky , David Alfaro Siqueiros , and Jack Tworkov . He also dropped his last name. He returned to his native Baltimore in 1940 and taught privately. In 1948, he pioneered

847-409: A technique that she named "soak stain." This allowed for the colors to soak directly into the canvas, creating a liquefied, translucent effect that strongly resembled watercolor. Soak stain was also said to be the ultimate fusing of image and canvas, drawing attention to the flatness of the painting itself. The major disadvantage of this method, however, is that the oil in the paints will eventually cause

SECTION 10

#1732781061769

924-451: A very specific, external environment, but it is also abstract. The same can be said for Lorelei (1956), a work based on a boat ride Frankenthaler took down the Rhine. Swan Lake #2 (1961) depicts a large area of blue paint on the canvas, with breaks in the color that are left white. A rectilinear brown square encompasses the blue, balancing both the cool tones of the blue with the warmth of

1001-405: Is at times modulated in billowing and subtle tones . In 1954, Louis produced his mature Veil Paintings , which were characterized by overlapping, superimposed layers of transparent color poured onto and stained into sized or unsized canvas. The Veil Paintings consist of waves of brilliant, curving color-shapes submerged in translucent washes through which separate colors emerge principally at

1078-646: Is credited with helping her understand pictorial composition, as well as influencing her early cubist-derived style. Upon her graduation in 1949, she studied privately with Australian-born painter Wallace Harrison, and with Hans Hofmann in 1950. She met Clement Greenberg in 1950 and had a five-year relationship with him. She married the painter Robert Motherwell in 1958; the couple divorced in 1971. Both born of wealthy parents, they were known as "the golden couple" and for their lavish entertaining. She gained two stepdaughters from him, Jeannie Motherwell and Lise Motherwell. Jeannie Motherwell studied painting at Bard College and

1155-445: Is identified with the use of fluid shapes, abstract masses, and lyrical gestures. She made use of large formats on which she painted, generally, simplified abstract compositions. Her style is notable in its emphasis on spontaneity, as Frankenthaler herself stated, "A really good picture looks as if it's happened at once." Frankenthaler's official artistic career was launched in 1952 with the exhibition of Mountains and Sea . Throughout

1232-468: Is land and 2.0 square miles (5.2 km ), or 13.41%, is water. Highways include Interstate 95 . It also has two Metro-North Railroad stations for commuter trains into New York City, Noroton Heights and Darien . Darien is bordered on the west by Stamford, on the north by New Canaan , and on the east by Norwalk. On the south it faces Long Island Sound and the North Shore of Long Island . It

1309-631: Is most common in September. As of the census of 2000, there were 19,607 people, 6,592 households, and 5,385 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,525.2 inhabitants per square mile (588.9/km ). There were 6,792 housing units at an average density of 203.9 inhabitants/km (528.3 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 95.97% White , 0.45% African American , 0.04% Native American , 2.42% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 0.30% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.19% of

1386-423: Is part of "Sustainable Fairfield County"—a cooperative organization made up of ten Fairfield County communities that have joined forces to help advance environmental sustainability and responsibility county-wide. The other municipalities include Easton, Fairfield, Greenwich, New Canaan, Norwalk, Trumbull, Weston, Westport and Wilton. Historically, Darien has been a solidly Republican town; but in 2016 , in spite of

1463-521: Is part of the Connecticut panhandle jutting into New York state. Darien has a humid continental climate , similar to that of New York City, with warm to hot summers and cold winters. The highest recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) in July 1966, while the lowest recorded temperature was −15 °F (−26 °C) in 1968. Snowfall is generally frequent in winter while average precipitation

1540-778: Is part of the Western Connecticut Planning Region . It has a high rate of marriage, and high average number of children per household. Situated on the Long Island Sound , between the cities of Stamford and Norwalk , the town of Darien is a bedroom community of New York City in the New York metropolitan area (the town has relatively few office buildings), as many residents commute to New York via Metro-North . There are two railroad stations in Darien, Noroton Heights and Darien , linking

1617-486: Is protected by three independent all-volunteer fire departments in three fire districts. The Darien Police Department is composed of 51 sworn officers, 18 traffic agents, 12 civilian employees and is headquartered at 25 Hecker Avenue in Darien, CT. The Department maintains a fleet of 30 vehicles which includes 13 marked patrol units, a motorcycle, a 27-foot (8.2 m) SAFEboat, a special services vehicle, undercover vehicles and administrative vehicles. The Department acts as

SECTION 20

#1732781061769

1694-572: Is the only ambulance service in the nation staffed and run entirely by high school student volunteers, covers one of the deadliest stretches of Interstate 95, and responds to over 1,500 emergency calls annually. The Explorer post is chartered under the Connecticut Yankee Council , and is considered a scouting unit. The service provides emergency care at no cost to the patient, funded entirely by private donations from town residents. Teenagers are allowed to perform patient care due to

1771-615: The Democratic primary , Hillary Clinton won 832 votes (69.51%) in Darien, far ahead of self-described democratic socialist U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont with 363 votes (30.33%), reflecting the town’s moderate political identity. Darien is served by the Darien Public Schools , and Darien High School was ranked No. 1 in the "U.S. News Best High Schools in Connecticut" in 2019. The school also ranked in

1848-905: The Denver Art Museum . On October 6, 2019, Frankenthaler was included in Sparkling Amazons: Abstract Expressionist Women of the 9th St. Show at the Katonah Museum of Art in Westchester County, NY. which ran until January 26, 2020; *2019: "Postwar Women: alumnae of the Art Students League of New York 1945-1965", Phyllis Harriman Gallery, Art Students League of NY; curated by Will Corwin.; 2020: "9th Street Club", Gazelli Art House, London; curated by Will Corwin In 2021,

1925-788: The Museum of Contemporary Art , in Atlanta at the High Museum , and in Washington, DC. at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden . In 2024, both Beth Shin and Delta Eta , integrated Every Sound Is a Shape of Time: Selections from PAMM's Collection , at the Pérez Art Museum Miami . The show is curated by museum director and art historian, Franklin Sirmans . In 2015, a striped canvas by Louis, Number 36 (1962), from

2002-433: The Museum of Modern Art , New York; Los Angeles County Museum of Art ; and Detroit Institute of Arts ). Miles McEnery Gallery, a New York-based contemporary art gallery which exhibited Color-Field and Abstract Expressionist paintings, showcased a range of her work in 2009 "Helen Frankenthaler," December 10, 2009 – January 23, 2010). In 2016 her work was included in the exhibition Women of Abstract Expressionism organized by

2079-413: The per capita income for the town was $ 116,564. Darien's library was founded in 1894. Andrew Carnegie offered funds for a library, and was rejected. The Darien Library is the most heavily utilized library in Connecticut. Darien maintain 11 parks comprising 203 acres (82 ha) of land. Approximately 30 acres (12 ha) of parkland is shoreline beaches on Long Island Sound. Weed Beach features

2156-597: The 1930s and 1940s, with Darien being a prototypical sundown town . Darien is one of the few municipalities in Connecticut that comply with the State's mandate to report the racial and ethnic makeup of people stopped by the police. 82% of the people stopped are white, 12% are Black, and 15% are Hispanic. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 14.8 square miles (38 km ), of which 12.9 square miles (33 km )

2233-453: The 1950s, her works tended to be centered compositions. In 1957, Frankenthaler began to experiment with linear shapes and more organic, sun-like, rounded forms. In the 1960s, her style shifted towards the exploration of symmetrical paintings, as she began to place strips of colors near the edges of her paintings. Her style grew to be more simplified. She began to make use of single stains and blots of solid color against white backgrounds, often in

2310-592: The Art Students League in New York and had several exhibits. In 1994, Frankenthaler married Stephen M. DuBrul, Jr., an investment banker who served the Gerald Ford administration . Active as a painter for nearly six decades, Frankenthaler passed through many phases and stylistic shifts. Initially associated with abstract expressionism because of her focus on forms latent in nature, Frankenthaler

2387-609: The Color Field artists were concerned with the classic problems of pictorial space and the flatness of the picture plane. In 1953, Louis and Noland visited Helen Frankenthaler 's New York studio, where they saw and were greatly impressed by her stain paintings, especially Mountains and Sea (1952). Upon their return to Washington, Louis and Noland together experimented with various techniques of paint application. Louis characteristically applied extremely diluted, thinned paint to an unprimed, unstretched canvas, allowing it to flow over

Helen Frankenthaler - Misplaced Pages Continue

2464-652: The Darien Patch, and The Daily Voice, Darien. A monthly magazine known as New Canaan and Darien Magazine is also published covering Darien, New Canaan, and Rowayton (a section of the city of Norwalk). Sound Watch Magazine . is another monthly publication, founded in 2019, dedicated to local news and history of the area. Most public meetings are filmed and broadcast live, and recorded for later broadcast by Cablevision's Channel 79 Government Access. Films at least partially filmed in Darien with release date include: An ambulance service, known as "Darien EMS – Post 53"

2541-470: The Darien option. A sailor who had traveled to Isthmus of Darien , then part of the Spanish Empire , suggested the name Darien, which was eventually adopted by the people of the town. The town name is pronounced / d ɛər i ˈ æ n / (like "Dairy-Ann"), with stress on the last syllable, and has been referred to as such at least as far back as 1913. It is a common misconception to pronounce

2618-668: The Public Safety Answering Point for all 911 and non-emergency Police, Fire and medical-related calls within the Town of Darien, CT. The town is served by two train stations, Noroton Heights and Darien station . The Connecticut Turnpike (Interstate 95) and Post Road (U.S. Route 1.) pass through Darien. Interstate 95 has rest stops in Darien for the southbound and northbound lanes. Morris Louis Morris Louis Bernstein (November 28, 1912 – September 7, 1962), known professionally as Morris Louis ,

2695-641: The Republican climate nationwide, Hillary Rodham Clinton became the first Democrat to win in Darien since 1888 when Grover Cleveland beat Benjamin Harrison by two votes. The pattern resembled one in suburban areas across the country that swung hard into the Democratic column due to the Republican Party being increasingly dominated by Donald Trump and right-wing populism which alienated

2772-468: The age of 83 in Darien, Connecticut, following a long and undisclosed illness. Darien, Connecticut Darien ( / ˌ d ɛər i ˈ æ n / DAIR -ee- AN ) is a coastal town in Fairfield County, Connecticut , United States. With a population of 21,499 and a land area of just under 13 square miles (34 km ), it is the smallest town on Connecticut's Gold Coast . The town

2849-411: The average family size was 3.31. In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.5% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males. In 2019, the median household income was $ 232,523 and

2926-557: The board exploited the Helen Frankenthaler Foundation “to advance their own personal interests and careers” and were committed to completely shutting down the foundation in the near future. Frankenthaler's first solo exhibition took place at the Tibor de Nagy Gallery , New York, in the fall of 1951. Her first major museum show, a retrospective of her 1950s work with a catalog by the critic and poet Frank O'Hara ,

3003-400: The brown, and the gestural handling of the paint with the strong linearity of the square. Eden , from 1956, is an interior landscape, meaning it depicts the images of the artist's imagination. Eden tells the story of an abstract, interior world, idealized in ways that a landscape never could be. The work is almost entirely gestural, save for the incorporation of the number "100" two times in

3080-503: The canvas to discolor and rot away. The technique was adopted by other artists, notably Morris Louis (1912–1962) and Kenneth Noland (1924–2010), and launched the second generation of the color field school of painting. Frankenthaler often worked by laying her canvas out on the floor, a technique inspired by Jackson Pollock . Frankenthaler preferred to paint in privacy. If assistants were present, she preferred them to be inconspicuous when not needed. One of her most important influences

3157-491: The center of the image. When asked about the process of creating this work, Frankenthaler stated that she began by painting the numbers, and that a sort of symbolic, idealized garden grew out of that. Frankenthaler recognized a need to continually challenge herself to develop as an artist. For this reason, in 1961, she began to experiment with printmaking at the Universal Limited Art Editions (ULAE),

Helen Frankenthaler - Misplaced Pages Continue

3234-599: The collection of Lord Anthony and Lady Evelyn Jacobs sold for £1.5 million at Christie's London. He married Marcella Siegel in 1947. She supported him throughout his career and in memory of him she supported one artist every year through the Morris Louis Fellowship at George Washington University . Morris Louis was diagnosed with lung cancer in 1962 and soon after died at his home in Washington, D.C., on September 7, 1962. The cause of his illness

3311-431: The critic Barbara Rose, who wrote in 1972 of Ms. Frankenthaler's gift for "the freedom, spontaneity, openness and complexity of an image, not exclusively of the studio or the mind, but explicitly and intimately tied to nature and human emotions. The New York-based Helen Frankenthaler Foundation, established and endowed by the artist during her lifetime, is dedicated to promoting greater public interest in and understanding of

3388-582: The democratic process" and was "beginning to spawn an art monster". According to the Los Angeles Times , "Frankenthaler did take a highly public stance during the late 1980s 'culture wars' that eventually led to deep budget cuts for the National Endowment for the Arts and a ban on grants to individual artists that still persists. In a 1989 commentary for The New York Times , she wrote that, while "censorship and government interference in

3465-918: The development of Color Field painting. The basic point about Louis's work and that of other Color Field painters, sometimes known as the Washington Color School in contrast to most of the other new approaches of the late 1950s and early 1960s, is that they greatly simplified the idea of what constitutes the look of a finished painting. They continued in a tradition of painting exemplified by Jackson Pollock , Barnett Newman , Clyfford Still , Mark Rothko , Robert Motherwell , and Ad Reinhardt . Eliminating gestural, compositional drawing in favor of large areas of raw canvas, solid planes of thinned and fluid paint, utilizing an expressive and psychological use of flat, and intense color and allover, repetitive composition. One of Louis's most important series of Color Field paintings were his Unfurleds . All of

3542-440: The directions and standards of art are dangerous and not part of the democratic process," controversial grants to Andres Serrano , Robert Mapplethorpe , and others reflected a trend in which the NEA was supporting work "of increasingly dubious quality. Is the council, once a helping hand, now beginning to spawn an art monster? Do we lose art ... in the guise of endorsing experimentation?" Frankenthaler died on December 27, 2011, at

3619-452: The edges. Although subdued, the resulting color is immensely rich. In another series, the artist used long parallel bands and stripes of pure color arranged side by side in rainbow effects. The painting Tet is a good example of his Veil Paintings . The thinned acrylic paint was allowed to stain the canvas, making the pigment at one with the canvas as opposed to "on top". This conformed to Greenberg's conception of "Modernism" as it made

3696-642: The entire picture plane flat. Louis destroyed many of his paintings between 1955 and 1957. He resumed work on the Veils in 1958–59. These were followed by Florals and Columns (1960), Alephs (1960), Unfurleds (1960–61)—in which rivulets of more opaque, intense color flow from both sides of large white fields of raw canvas —and finally the Stripe paintings (1961–62). Between summer 1960 and January/February 1961, he created about 150 Unfurleds , generally on mural-size canvases. A memorial exhibition of Louis' work

3773-433: The fact that Connecticut is one of the few states in the nation which allows emergency medical technicians to be certified at age 16. Students start training while they are in their freshman year of high school. They are elected by current members of Post and then they continue their training supervised by trained adults, Post 53 lets in 20 teenagers a year to join the crew, and includes boys and girls. The town of Darien

3850-476: The fall of 2005. Darien sports teams go by the name of the "Blue Wave". Pear Tree Point School , originally named Plumfield School, was a private school on Long Neck, educating students in pre-kindergarten through Grade 5. The school was closed in summer 2018. Darien is served by a local print/online weeklies, the Darien Times , four exclusively online local news websites, Darienite, HamletHub Darien,

3927-564: The first Paris Biennial (1959); Temple Gold Medal , Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts , Philadelphia (1968); New York City Mayor's Award of Honor for Arts and Culture (1986); and Distinguished Artist Award for Lifetime Achievement, College Art Association (1994). In 1990, she was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full Academician in 1994. Frankenthaler did not consider herself

SECTION 50

#1732781061769

4004-476: The first was an exhibition of fifteenth century woodcuts that Frankenthaler saw on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art , the second being a mulberry tree that grew outside of Tyler's studio. In 1995, the pair collaborated again, creating The Tales of Genji , a series of six woodcut prints. To create woodcuts with a resonance similar to Frankenthaler's painterly style, she painted her plans onto

4081-405: The form of geometric shapes. Beginning in 1963, Frankenthaler began to use acrylic paints rather than oil paints because they allowed for both opacity and sharpness when put on the canvas. By the 1970s, she had done away with the soak stain technique entirely, preferring thicker paint that allowed her to employ bright colors almost reminiscent of Fauvism . Throughout the 1970s, Frankenthaler explored

4158-451: The inclined surface in effects sometimes suggestive of translucent color veils. The importance of Frankenthaler's example in Louis's development of this technique has been noted. Louis reported that he thought of Frankenthaler as the bridge between Jackson Pollock and the possible. However, even more so than Frankenthaler, Louis eliminated the brush gesture , although his flat, thin pigment

4235-415: The joining of areas of the canvas through the use of modulated hues, and experimented with large, abstract forms. Her work in the 1980s was characterized as much calmer, with its use of muted colors and relaxed brushwork. "Once one's true talent begins to emerge, one is freer in a way but less free in another way, since one is a captive of this necessity and deep urge". In 1960, the term color field painting

4312-403: The largest junior sailing program in the United States. Elected bodies in the town government are a five-member Board of Selectmen , a nine-member Board of Education , a seven-member Board of Finance , a six-member Planning and Zoning Commission, three-member Board of Assessment Appeals, and a 100-member, nonpartisan Representative Town Meeting . The town has several elective offices as well:

4389-480: The lightness of their work, but, more importantly, because both of them had liberated their oil paintings by treating them like watercolors, which was what Frankenthaler began to do... In Cézanne’s case this transposition of techniques also encouraged him to leave uncovered areas of white canvas between patches of thinned-down oil. This was especially interesting to Frankenthaler too. In Mountains and Sea , her first professionally exhibited work, Frankenthaler made use of

4466-478: The middle of the twentieth century, but by the twenty-first century it had become a multi-ethnic town with residents of many religions and backgrounds. One of seven households report speaking a language other than English at home. The town's exclusive policies in the early 20th century were similar to other segregated suburbs of the time, including Beverly Hills , California, and Tuxedo Park , New York. There were events involving anti-Black racism and anti-Semitism in

4543-610: The more moderate base, a trend referred to as the suburban revolt. In 2020, this trend continued, with Democrat and former Vice President Joe Biden winning over 60% of the vote and U.S. Representative Jim Himes winning it for the first time in his political career. Darien was one of only five towns in Connecticut that backed former Ohio Governor John Kasich over Donald Trump in the 2016 Republican presidential primary . Kasich received 1,284 votes (48.89%), ahead of Trump who garnered 1,070 votes (41.54 percent) and U.S. Senator Ted Cruz of Texas with 186 votes (7.22 percent). In

4620-647: The original site at the corner of Brookside Road and the Boston Post Road. Tories raided the town several times during the American Revolution ; at one point, they took 26 men in the parish prisoner for five months, including the Reverend Moses Mather , pastor of the parish. The Loyalist-Patriot conflict in Darien is the setting for the novel Tory Hole , the first book by children's author Louise Hall Tharp . Middlesex Parish

4697-406: The population. There were 6,592 households, out of which 46.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.5% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a woman whose husband did not live with her, and 18.3% were non-families. Of all households 15.6% were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and

SECTION 60

#1732781061769

4774-546: The privileged background of a cultured and progressive Jewish intellectual family that encouraged all three daughters to prepare themselves for professional careers. Her nephew is the artist/photographer Clifford Ross . Frankenthaler studied at the Dalton School under muralist Rufino Tamayo and also at Bennington College in Vermont. While at Bennington, Frankenthaler studied under the direction of Paul Feeley , who

4851-746: The role of religious and art historical iconography in the subordination of women, became "one of the most iconic images of the feminist art movement ." In 1953, Kenneth Noland and Morris Louis saw her Mountains and Sea which, Louis said later, was a "bridge between Pollock and what was possible." On the other hand, some critics called her work "merely beautiful." Grace Glueck's obituary in The New York Times summed up Frankenthaler's career: Critics have not unanimously praised Ms. Frankenthaler's art. Some have seen it as thin in substance, uncontrolled in method, too sweet in color and too "poetic." But it has been far more apt to garner admirers like

4928-506: The soak stain technique. The work itself was painted after a trip to Nova Scotia, which partly questions the extent of its non-representational status. Although Mountains and Sea is not a direct depiction of the Nova Scotia coastline, elements of the work suggest a kind of seascape or landscape, like the strokes of blue that join with areas of green. Much like Mountains and Sea , Frankenthaler's Basque Landscape (1958) seems to refer to

5005-451: The top 150 in the national rankings, and in the top 50 in STEM high schools in the United States. Darien has five elementary schools : Hindley School , Holmes School , Ox Ridge School , Royle School , and Tokeneke School . A $ 27 million addition was completed in 2000 to the town's middle school, Middlesex Middle School , and a new $ 73 million campus for Darien High School was completed in

5082-722: The town clerk, probate judge, registrar of voters, tax collector and treasurer. The Board of Finance approves financial measures, including the town budget; the Board of Education controls the town's public schools; the Representative Town Meeting is the main legislative body of the town. Darien has the lowest property taxes of the Fairfield County suburbs of its size, with a mill rate of 15.35 being consistently lower than New Canaan at 15.985 and Westport at 18.09 (rates as of 2016 ). The town of Darien

5159-424: The town name as "Dairy-Anne", which many non-residents and non-long-term residents use. The village of Darien, Wisconsin shares this pronunciation; Residents say this is still the proper pronunciation. "You can always tell when someone is not from here, because they do pronounce it the way it's spelled," Louise Berry, director of the town library, said in a 2006 interview. Darien was mostly white Protestant through

5236-721: The town to Grand Central Terminal . There are eleven parks, public beaches, and the Noroton Yacht Club . According to early records, the first clearings of land were made by men from the New Haven and Wethersfield colonies and from Norwalk in about 1641. It was not until 1739, however, that the Middlesex Society of the Town of Stamford built the first community church, now the First Congregational Church of Darien, which stands on

5313-497: The use of Magna paint —a newly developed oil-based acrylic paint made for him by his friends, New York paintmakers Leonard Bocour and Sam Golden . In 1952, Louis moved to Washington, D.C. Living in Washington, D.C., he was somewhat apart from the New York scene and he was working almost in isolation. During the 1950s he and a group of artists that included Kenneth Noland , Gene Davis , Thomas Downing , Howard Mehring , Anne Truitt and Hilda Thorpe among others were central to

5390-895: The visual arts. In 2021 the foundation created Frankenthaler Climate Initiative . In July 2021, the foundation award the first round of grants totaling $ 5.1 million. The recipients included the Museo de Arte de Ponce , the Santa Rosa Indian Museum and Cultural Center, the Studio Museum in Harlem , and the Yale University Arts Center. In a 2023 lawsuit filed at the New York Supreme Court , Frankenthaler’s nephew Frederick Iseman claimed that Clifford Ross and other family members on

5467-520: The wood itself, making maquettes. The Tales of Genji took nearly three years to complete. Frankenthaler then went on to create Madame Butterfly , a print that employed one hundred and two different colors and forty-six woodblocks. Frankenthaler received the National Medal of Arts in 2001. She served on the National Council on the Arts of the National Endowment for the Arts from 1985 to 1992. Her other awards include First Prize for Painting at

5544-606: Was Clement Greenberg (1909–1994), an art and literary critic with whom she had a personal friendship and who included her in the Post-Painterly Abstraction exhibition that he curated in 1964. Through Greenberg she was introduced to the New York art scene. Under his guidance she spent the summer of 1950 studying with Hans Hofmann (1880–1966), catalyst of the Abstract Expressionist movement . The first Jackson Pollock show Frankenthaler saw

5621-485: Was an American painter. During the 1950s he became one of the earliest exponents of Color Field painting. While living in Washington, D.C. , Louis, along with Kenneth Noland and other Washington painters, formed an art movement that is known today as the Washington Color School . From 1929 to 1933, he studied at the Maryland Institute of Fine and Applied Arts (now Maryland Institute College of Art ) on

5698-492: Was at the Betty Parsons Gallery in 1950. She had this to say about seeing Pollock's paintings Autumn Rhythm, Number 30, 1950 (1950), Number One,1950 (Lavender Mist) (1950): It was all there. I wanted to live in this land. I had to live there, and master the language. Some of her thoughts on painting: A really good picture looks as if it's happened at once. It's an immediate image. For my own work, when

5775-590: Was held at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in 1963. Major Louis exhibitions were also organized by the Museum of Fine Arts , Boston , in 1967 and the National Gallery of Art , Washington, D.C. , in 1976. In 1986 there was an important retrospective exhibition of his works at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York. During 2007-2008 an important retrospective was held by museums in San Diego , at

5852-503: Was incorporated as the Town of Darien in 1820. According to the Darien Historical Society, the name Darien was decided upon when the residents of the town could not agree on a name to replace Middlesex Parish, many families wanting it to be named after themselves. Some proposed naming the town "Belleville" in honor of Thaddeus Bell, a veteran of the revolutionary war. He apparently rejected the honor while supporting

5929-619: Was used to describe the work of Frankenthaler. In general, this term refers to the application of large areas, or fields, of color to the canvas. This style was characterized by the use of hues that were similar in tone or intensity, as well as large formats and simplified compositions, all of which are qualities descriptive of Frankenthaler's work from the 1960s onward. The color field artists differed from abstract expressionists in their attempted erasure of emotional, mythic, and religious content. Frankenthaler often painted onto unprimed canvas with oil paints that she heavily diluted with turpentine,

#768231