Plating is a finishing process in which a metal is deposited on a surface. Plating has been done for hundreds of years; it is also critical for modern technology. Plating is used to decorate objects, for corrosion inhibition, to improve solderability, to harden, to improve wearability, to reduce friction, to improve paint adhesion, to alter conductivity, to improve IR reflectivity, for radiation shielding, and for other purposes. Jewelry typically uses plating to give a silver or gold finish.
75-751: The BBC Sports Personality of the Year Helen Rollason Award is an award given annually as part of the BBC Sports Personality of the Year ceremony each December. The award is given “for outstanding achievement in the face of adversity”, and BBC Sport selects the winner. The award is named after the BBC sports presenter Helen Rollason , who died in August 1999 at the age of 43 after suffering from cancer for two years. Helen Rollason
150-412: A 10- μm layer over an underlying nickel plate. When plating on iron or steel, an underlying plating of copper allows the nickel to adhere. The pores (tiny holes) in the nickel and chromium layers work to alleviate stress caused by thermal expansion mismatch but also hurt the corrosion resistance of the coating. Corrosion resistance relies on what is called the passivation layer , which is determined by
225-565: A BBC service had been sponsored." They decided that the 2008 awards should not be broadcast as a sponsored event, and no new sponsorship deal was negotiated after the Britvic deal expired. In February 2008 , the BBC announced that the 2008 Sports Personality of the Year event would be held at the Echo Arena , Liverpool . One reason for the move to Liverpool was to allow greater numbers to view
300-406: A Special Award for raising awareness of and fundraising for motor neurone disease . As part of the 50th Anniversary of BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 2003, two additional awards were presented. In the lead up to the anniversary show on 14 December 2003, a series of five half-hour special programmes, entitled Simply The Best – Sports Personality , were broadcast. Hosted by Gary Lineker ,
375-410: A film of non-ionic metal. Electroless deposition , also known as chemical or auto- catalytic plating, is a non- galvanic plating method that involves several simultaneous reactions in an aqueous solution , which occur without the use of external electrical power. The reaction is accomplished when hydrogen is released by a reducing agent, normally sodium hypophosphite (Note: the hydrogen leaves as
450-808: A final finish or as a paint base. If environmental concerns matter, in most aspects cadmium plating can be directly replaced with gold plating as it shares most of the material properties, but gold is more expensive and cannot serve as a paint base. Nickel is electroplated by using a Watts bath , an electrolytic cell having a nickel anode and electrolyte containing nickel sulfate , nickel chloride , and boric acid . Other nickel salts such as nickel ammonium sulfate are sometimes used instead of nickel sulfate. Electroless nickel plating, also known as enickel and NiP , offers many advantages: uniform layer thickness over most complicated surfaces, direct plating of ferrous metals (steel), superior wear and corrosion resistance compared to electroplated nickel or chrome. Much of
525-572: A further three regular awards: Coach of the Year , Newcomer of the Year , and a Helen Rollason Award for "outstanding courage and achievement in the face of adversity". In a one-off award, boxer Muhammad Ali was voted as the Sports Personality of the Century . On 1 November 2003, BBC Books published "BBC Sports Personality of the Year 50th Anniversary" ( ISBN 0-563-48747-X ), written by Steve Rider and Martyn Smith, to mark
600-828: A host venue during the Commonwealth Games earlier in the year. In 2015 , the ceremony was held in Northern Ireland for the first time, at the SSE Arena in Belfast, on 20 December. The event returned to Birmingham and Liverpool in 2016 and 2017 respectively. The 2018 ceremony took place in Birmingham, marking the city's fifth time hosting the event (3rd time at the same venue). In 2018 the BBC Overseas Sports Personality of
675-443: A hydride ion) or thiourea , and oxidized, thus producing a negative charge on the surface of the part. The most common electroless deposition method is electroless nickel plating , although silver, gold and copper layers can also be applied in this manner, as in the technique of angel gilding . Gold plating is a method of depositing a thin layer of gold on the surface of glass or metal, most often copper or silver. Gold plating
750-470: A large source of silver at the time. This can cause confusion when talking about silver items; plate or plated. In the UK it is illegal to describe silver-plated items as "silver". It is not illegal to describe silver-plated items as "silver plate", although this is ungrammatical. The earliest form of silver plating was Sheffield Plate , where thin sheets of silver are fused to a layer or core of base metal, but in
825-453: A moisture-free environment will not undergo this type of corrosion. Copper plating is the process of electrolytically forming a layer of copper on the surface of an item. It is commonly used as an even cheaper alternative to silver plating as it is much cheaper than silver. Rhodium plating is occasionally used on white gold, silver or copper and its alloys. A barrier layer of nickel is usually deposited on silver first, though in this case it
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#1732802018290900-442: A new Manager of the Year award was given to Don Revie for his achievements with Leeds United , the only occasion it was presented. In the following year boxer Henry Cooper became the first person to win the main award twice, having already won in 1967. During the 1970s Bough and Coleman presided over the ceremony alongside Jimmy Hill , Cliff Morgan , Kenneth Wolstenholme , and Harry Carpenter , who also went on to present
975-623: A practice session for the Spanish Grand Prix —the injuries he received ended his Formula One career; Aitken-Walker and co-driver Thörner crashed off a cliff into a lake in Portugal when competing in the women's World Rally Championship, which they went on to win that year. In 1999, a one-off award voted for by the British public selected a Sports Personality of the Century. Muhammad Ali accumulated more votes from BBC viewers than
1050-450: A result of tin whisker formation. In some cases, it is desirable to co-deposit two or more metals resulting in an electroplated alloy deposit. Depending on the alloy system, an electroplated alloy may be solid solution strengthened or precipitation hardened by heat treatment to improve the plating's physical and chemical properties. Nickel-Cobalt is a common electroplated alloy. Metal matrix composite plating can be manufactured when
1125-512: A shortlist for the BBC Sports Unsung Hero Award . Other awards have been presented in the past. Special Achievement Awards have been presented on five occasions: to jockey Lester Piggott in 1984 and 1994, disabled marathon runner Dennis Moore in 1981, comedian David Walliams in 2006, and comedian Eddie Izzard in 2009. Sebastian Coe picked up a Special Gold Award in 2005 for his work in helping Britain obtain
1200-401: A solid surface is covered with a metal sheet, and then heat and pressure are applied to fuse them (a version of this is Sheffield plate ). Other plating techniques include electroplating , vapor deposition under vacuum and sputter deposition . Recently, plating often refers to using liquids. Metallizing refers to coating metal on non-metallic objects. In electroplating, an ionic metal
1275-558: A sport professionally, including Jane Tomlinson , who won in 2002, Kirsty Howard (2004), Phil Packer (2009), Anne Williams , who received the award posthumously in 2013, and eight-year-old Bailey Matthews (2015). Michael Watson , who won the award in 2003, had a career in boxing but was paralysed and almost killed in a title bout with Chris Eubank . He won the award for completing the London Marathon , an accomplishment that took him six days. Former footballer Geoff Thomas won
1350-425: A substrate is plated in a bath containing a suspension of ceramic particles. Careful selection of the size and composition of the particles can fine-tune the deposit for wear resistance, high temperature performance, or mechanical strength. Tungsten carbide , silicon carbide , chromium carbide , and aluminum oxide (alumina) are commonly used in composite electroplating. Cadmium plating is under scrutiny because of
1425-417: A variety of shapes without damage to the surface tin layer. It provides sacrificial protection for copper, nickel and other non-ferrous metals, but not for steel . Tin is also widely used in the electronics industry because of its ability to protect the base metal from oxidation thus preserving its solderability. In electronic applications, 3% to 7% lead may be added to improve solderability and to prevent
1500-471: Is an environmentally safe option. Hexavalent chromate has been classified as a human carcinogen by the EPA and OSHA. The tin -plating process is used extensively to protect both ferrous and nonferrous surfaces. Tin is a useful metal for the food processing industry since it is non-toxic, ductile and corrosion resistant. The excellent ductility of tin allows a tin coated base metal sheet to be formed into
1575-433: Is expensive because the process is complex. Moreover, the process is lengthy even for thin layers. When only corrosion resistance or surface treatment is of concern, very strict bath composition and temperature control is not required and the process is used for plating many tons in one bath at once. Electroless nickel plating layers are known to provide extreme surface adhesion when plated properly. Electroless nickel plating
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#17328020182901650-428: Is made up of about 250 g/L of CrO 3 and about 2.5 g/L of SO 4 . In solution, the chrome exists as chromic acid, known as hexavalent chromium . A high current is used, in part to stabilize a thin layer of chromium(+2) at the surface of the plated work. Acid chrome has poor throwing power, fine details or holes are further away and receive less current resulting in poor plating. Zinc coatings prevent oxidation of
1725-420: Is non-magnetic and amorphous. Electroless nickel plating layers are not easily solderable, nor do they seize with other metals or another electroless nickel-plated workpiece under pressure. This effect benefits electroless nickel-plated screws made out of malleable materials like titanium. Electrical resistance is higher compared to pure metal plating. "Aluminum plating" can refer to either plating on aluminum or
1800-408: Is not to prevent migration of silver through rhodium, but to prevent contamination of the rhodium bath with silver and copper, which slightly dissolve in the sulfuric acid usually present in the bath composition. Chrome plating is a finishing treatment using the electrolytic deposition of chromium . The most common form of chrome plating is the thin, decorative bright chrome , which is typically
1875-442: Is often used in electronics, to provide a corrosion -resistant electrically conductive layer on copper, typically in electrical connectors and printed circuit boards . With direct gold-on-copper plating, the copper atoms have the tendency to diffuse through the gold layer, causing tarnishing of its surface and formation of an oxide/sulfide layer. Therefore, a layer of a suitable barrier metal , usually nickel, has to be deposited on
1950-490: Is one of the best corrosion resistant finishes available offering over 5 times the protection of conventional zinc plating and up to 1,500 hours of neutral salt spray test performance. This plating is a combination of a high-nickel zinc-nickel alloy (10–15% nickel) and some variation of chromate. The most common mixed chromates include hexavalent iridescent, trivalent or black trivalent chromate. Used to protect steel, cast iron, brass, copper, and other materials, this acidic plating
2025-415: Is sometimes used for plating copper, as its electrical resistance is lower (see Resistivity of various materials ); more so at higher frequencies due to the skin effect . Variable capacitors are considered of the highest quality when they have silver-plated plates. Similarly, silver-plated, or even solid silver cables, are prized in audiophile applications; however some experts consider that in practice
2100-413: Is supplied with electrons to form a non-ionic coating on a substrate . A common system involves a chemical solution with the ionic form of the metal, an anode (positively charged) which may consist of the metal being plated (a soluble anode) or an insoluble anode (usually carbon, platinum, titanium, lead, or steel), and finally, a cathode (negatively charged) where electrons are supplied to produce
2175-529: Is the Unsung Hero Award , first presented in 2003. In 2003, the 50th anniversary of the show was marked by a five-part series on BBC One called Simply the Best – Sports Personality . It was presented by Gary Lineker and formed part of a public vote to determine a special Golden Sports Personality of the Year . That year Steve Rider and Martyn Smith wrote a book reflecting on the 50-year history of
2250-635: The 1983 America's Cup . The American defender Liberty had taken a 3–1 lead in races , but Australia II came back to win 4–3 and take the America's Cup, ending a 132-year winning streak by the New York Yacht Club . It was the first time the competition had gone to a seventh and final race. In 1986, a Special Team Award was presented to the British 4 × 400m squad of Derek Redmond , Kriss Akabusi , Brian Whittle , Roger Black , Todd Bennett , and Phil Brown , who won gold at
2325-581: The European Championships . Akabusi, Black, Bennett and Brown also won gold for England in the 4 x 400 m at the Commonwealth Games that year. In 1990, Good Sport Awards were presented for courage and good sportsmanship to Derek Warwick , Martin Donnelly , Louise Aitken-Walker and Tina Thörner , who were all involved in motor racing accidents that year. Warwick survived a high speed crash at Monza ; Donnelly crashed during
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Helen Rollason Award - Misplaced Pages Continue
2400-640: The Football League First Division that season , having lost only two games and scored a record number of points. In 1981, to recognise the year of the disabled , Dennis Moore received a Special Achievement Award for completing the inaugural London Marathon despite being blind since birth. Lester Piggott won an award in 1984 for his achievements, including winning the St. Leger Stakes on Commanche Run that year, Piggott's record-breaking 28th British classic win. In 1994, Piggott won
2475-545: The Savoy Hotel on 30 December 1954. The show lasted 45 minutes and was presented by Peter Dimmock . The ceremony was combined with two other awards, the sportsman and sportswoman of the year, which were determined by votes through the Sporting Record newspaper. The newspaper had presented their sportsman of the year award since 1946, to which they later added a sportswoman of the year award. The award for
2550-648: The Team of the Year and Overseas Personality awards, which were introduced in 1960. A Lifetime Achievement Award was first given in 1995 and again in 1996, and has been presented annually since 2001. In 1999, three more awards were introduced: the Helen Rollason Award , the Coach Award , and the Newcomer Award , which was renamed to Young Sports Personality of the Year in 2001. The newest
2625-470: The dock10 studios in Salford. Despite the national COVID-19 restrictions, the event was broadcast live on BBC One and hosted by Lineker, Balding, Gabby Logan and for the first time, Alex Scott . Boxer Tyson Fury created controversy ahead of the awards by rejecting his nomination and instructing his legal team to force the BBC to exclude him from the shortlist. Despite his protestations, Fury remained on
2700-410: The environmental toxicity of the cadmium metal. Cadmium plating is widely used in some applications in the aerospace, military, and aviation fields. However, it is being phased out due to its toxicity. Military and Aerospace components manufacturers, such as Amphenol Aerospace , have recently been exploring drop-in electroplating replacements for use with currently fielded equipment in order to support
2775-520: The 18th century to provide cheaper versions of household items that would otherwise be made of solid silver, including cutlery , vessels of various kinds, and candlesticks. In the UK the assay offices , and silver dealers and collectors, use the term "silver plate" for items made from solid silver, derived long before silver plating was invented from the Spanish word for silver "plata", seizures of silver from Spanish ships carrying silver from America being
2850-562: The 1953 Sporting Record winners had been broadcast on BBC radio in April 1954. Voting for the BBC award was by postcard, and rules presented in a Radio Times article stipulated that nominations were restricted to athletes who had featured on the Sportsview programme since April. For the inaugural BBC Sportsperson of the Year award, 14,517 votes were cast and Christopher Chataway beat fellow athlete Roger Bannister . The following year
2925-442: The 19th century new methods of production (including electroplating) were introduced. Britannia metal is an alloy of tin, antimony and copper developed as a base metal for plating with silver. Another method that can be used to apply a thin layer of silver to objects such as glass, is to place Tollens' reagent in a glass, add glucose/dextrose, and shake the bottle to promote the reaction. For applications in electronics, silver
3000-406: The 50th Anniversary , and for the Sports Personality of the Century award, similar miniature trophies were presented but they were gold in colour. The three BBC national regions of BBC Cymru Wales , BBC Scotland and BBC Northern Ireland each hold individual sports personality awards. Respectively, they are BBC Cymru Wales Sports Personality of the Year , BBC Scotland Sports Personality of
3075-550: The Year award was renamed World Sport Star of the Year. Along with the change of name, votes could be cast from outside of the UK for the first time. In addition a new award was announced: Greatest Sporting Moment of the Year. For the main award, the nominees would not be announced until the show itself. The 2019 ceremony took place in The Event Complex in Aberdeen . The 2020 ceremony took place on 20 December at
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Helen Rollason Award - Misplaced Pages Continue
3150-452: The Year , and BBC Northern Ireland Sports Personality of the Year . The 12 local BBC English Regions also have their own award ceremonies, which are held locally prior to the national ceremony. Also, fifteen regional winners comprise the nominees for the BBC Sports Unsung Hero Award . In 1969, Don Revie was presented with a Manager of the Year award for his achievements while in charge of Leeds United A.F.C. Leeds became champions of
3225-542: The award again for his "services to racing". Comedian David Walliams received the award in 2006 "for his outstanding achievement of swimming the English Channel for charity", which raised over £1 million for Sport Relief . Fellow comedian Eddie Izzard was presented with the award in 2009 after running 43 marathons in 51 days for Sport Relief . In 1983, the team of Australia II received an International Team Award in recognition of their victory in
3300-434: The award and the programme. The event was held outside London for the first time in 2006, when tickets were made available to the public. The trophy for the main award is a silver-plated four-turret lens camera, and for the other awards smaller imitations of the main trophy are used. All of the BBC local regions hold their own independent award ceremonies, which take place before the main ceremony and are used to compile
3375-442: The award in 2005; he raised money by cycling the 2,200 miles (3,540.56 km) of the 2005 Tour de France course in the same number of days as the professionals completed it. In 2006, Paul Hunter posthumously received the award; he died from dozens of malignant neuroendocrine tumours – his widow Lindsay accepted the award on his behalf. This table lists the total number of awards won by recipients of each nationality, based on
3450-408: The award while playing cricket there—which he did. The original trophy is still used for the ceremony, and is engraved after the show before being given to the winner, who keeps it for eight or nine months. The trophies for second and third place, and for the other awards , are smaller imitations of the main trophy, but have in the past been silver salvers . For the two special awards celebrating
3525-474: The award; however, the actual shortlist contained two winners from the most recent decade—rower Steve Redgrave , who won the award, and footballer David Beckham . The other members of the shortlist were footballer Bobby Moore , cricketer Ian Botham and ice skating duo Torvill and Dean . Alf Ramsey 's squad won a poll to select a Team of the Decade for the 50th anniversary show. Representatives from each of
3600-561: The capacity of the NEC was increased from 5,000 to 8,000. The event sold out, but the sponsorship deal was shortened to one year after complaints by ITV and RadioCentre caused the BBC Trust to rule in June 2008 that "Editorial Guidelines were breached and the editorial integrity of the BBC compromised by giving the impression to licence fee payers via Sports Personality of the Year that part of
3675-679: The chemical composition and processing, and is damaged by cracks and pores. In a special case, micropores can help distribute the electrochemical potential that accelerates galvanic corrosion between the layers of nickel and chromium. Depending on the application, coatings of different thicknesses will require different balances of the aforementioned properties. Thin, bright chrome imparts a mirror -like finish to items such as metal furniture frames and automotive trim. Thicker deposits, up to 1000 μm, are called hard chrome and are used in industrial equipment to reduce friction and wear. The traditional solution used for industrial hard chrome plating
3750-400: The chrome plating done in aerospace industry can be replaced with electroless nickel plating, again environmental costs, costs of hexavalent chromium waste disposal and notorious tendency of uneven current distribution favor electroless nickel plating. Electroless nickel plating is self-catalyzing process, the resultant nickel layer is NiP compound, with 7–11% phosphorus content. Properties of
3825-591: The combined total of the five other contenders: Pelé , George Best , Donald Bradman , Jack Nicklaus , and Jesse Owens . In 2005, Sebastian Coe received a Special Gold Award for chairing London 's winning bid for the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic games. In 2020, Marcus Rashford received an Expert Panel Special Award for his campaign for free school meals during the COVID-19 pandemic and against child food poverty. In 2022, Kevin Sinfield received
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#17328020182903900-425: The copper substrate, forming a copper-nickel-gold sandwich. Metals and glass may also be coated with gold for ornamental purposes, using a number of different processes usually referred to as gilding . Sapphires, plastics, and carbon fiber are some other materials that are able to be plated using advance plating techniques. The substrates that can be used are almost limitless. Silver plating has been used since
3975-484: The decade covered; the five winners then went onto a shortlist for one of two special 50th Anniversary awards . From this shortlist, rower Steve Redgrave was voted Golden Sports Personality of the Year by the public. The England World Cup-winning team of 1966 won a Team of the Decades award, voted for by representatives from all previous Teams of the Year . In 2006, for the first time in its 53-year history,
4050-416: The episodes were shown on BBC One for five consecutive nights from 8 to 12 December 2003 and each covered one decade of Sports Personality. To celebrate the golden anniversary of the show, a special award was voted for by the public to recognise an all-time Golden Sports Personality from the previous winners of the last 49 years. A shortlist of five was planned to contain one winner from each decade of
4125-472: The event was held outside London, in Birmingham 's National Exhibition Centre (NEC). For the first time, tickets for the event were made available to the public, and 3,000 were sold in the first hour. That year, Adrian Chiles joined the show and co-presented alongside Barker and Lineker for two years. The 2007 ceremony was the first of a two-year sponsorship deal with Britvic 's brand Robinsons , and
4200-470: The golden anniversary of the show. Leading up to the anniversary show on 14 December 2003, a series of five half-hour special programmes, entitled Simply The Best – Sports Personality , were broadcast. Hosted by Gary Lineker, the episodes were shown on BBC One for five consecutive nights from 8–12 December 2003; each covered one decade of Sports Personality history. At the end of each programme, viewers voted for their favourite Sports Personality winner from
4275-442: The growth of metallic "whiskers" in compression stressed deposits, which would otherwise cause electrical shorting. However, RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) regulations enacted beginning in 2006 require that no lead be added intentionally and that the maximum percentage not exceed 1%. Some exemptions have been issued to RoHS requirements in critical electronics applications due to failures which are known to have occurred as
4350-446: The past winners of the Team of the Year award voted for their outstanding team of the last 50 years. Bobby Robson presented the award to Bobby Charlton , who collected the award on behalf of the late Bobby Moore 's team. Silver plating Thin-film deposition has plated objects as small as an atom, therefore plating finds uses in nanotechnology . There are several plating methods, and many variations. In one method,
4425-516: The phaseout of the dangerous finish. Cadmium plating (or cad. plating ) offers a long list of technical advantages such as excellent corrosion resistance even at relatively low thickness and in salt atmospheres, softness and malleability , freedom from sticky and/or bulky corrosion products, galvanic compatibility with aluminum, freedom from stick-slip thus allowing reliable torquing of plated threads, can be dyed to many colors and clear, has good lubricity and solderability, and works well either as
4500-442: The plating is often poorly implemented, making the result inferior to similarly priced copper cables. Care should be used for parts exposed to high humidity environments because in such environments, when the silver layer is porous or contains cracks, the underlying copper undergoes rapid galvanic corrosion , flaking off the plating and exposing the copper itself; a process known as red plague . Silver plated copper maintained in
4575-442: The previous fifty years. Rower Steve Redgrave was voted BBC Golden Sports Personality of the Year and England's 1966 World Cup -winning football team was chosen as Team of the Decades . The BBC 's Sports Personality of the Year was created by Paul Fox , who came up with the idea while he was editor of the magazine show Sportsview . The first award ceremony took place as part of a special gala edition of Sportsview held at
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#17328020182904650-656: The principle of jus soli . This table lists the total number of awards won by recipients' sporting profession. General Specific BBC Sports Personality of the Year The BBC Sports Personality of the Year is an awards ceremony that takes place annually in December. Devised by Paul Fox in 1954, it originally consisted of just a singular award of the same name . Several new awards have been introduced, and currently eight awards are presented. The first awards to be added were
4725-545: The protected metal by forming a barrier and by acting as a sacrificial anode if this barrier is damaged. Zinc oxide is a fine white dust that (in contrast to iron oxide ) does not cause a breakdown of the substrate's surface integrity as it is formed. Indeed, the zinc oxide, if undisturbed, can act as a barrier to further oxidation, in a way similar to the protection afforded to aluminum and stainless steels by their oxide layers. The majority of hardware parts are zinc-plated, rather than cadmium-plated . Zinc-nickel plating
4800-481: The resultant layer hardness and wear resistance are greatly altered with bath composition and deposition temperature, which should be regulated with 1 °C precision, typically at 91 °C. During bath circulation, any particles in it will become also nickel-plated; this effect is used to advantage in processes which deposit plating with particles like silicon carbide (SiC) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). While superior compared to many other plating processes, it
4875-501: The right to host the 2012 Olympics . Five awards have been presented once: Manager of the Year in 1969, a Special Team Award in 1986, Good Sport Awards in 1990, an International Team Award in 1983, and the Sports Personality of the Century Award in 1999. In 2003, to celebrate fifty years of Sports Personality of the Year, two special anniversary awards were created to recognise the best team and Sports Personality from
4950-483: The shortlist for the trophy which was won for the second time by Lewis Hamilton . Also awarded that year was the Expert Panel Special Award, awarded to footballer Marcus Rashford for his campaign against child food poverty. In May 2024, it was announced that under the BBC's "competitive tender" policy, Whisper North had won the tender to produce the ceremony. The trophy for the main award
5025-613: The show for the first time in 1994, at which racing driver Damon Hill won the first of his two awards, the second coming two years later. Boxer Frank Bruno was the inaugural winner of the Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996, and as of 2014 there have been 15 recipients of the award. In 1999 the show was renamed Sports Personality of the Year , and Gary Lineker joined the show as a co-presenter alongside Rider and Barker. They were supported that year by John Inverdale and Clare Balding . The ceremony introduced
5100-558: The show live, as the 10,600-seater venue in Liverpool had a bigger capacity than the NEC. That year Jake Humphrey replaced Chiles as co-presenter. The 2009 show was rumoured to be held in either Cardiff or Glasgow. However, it was announced on 30 April 2009 that the show would be staged at the Sheffield Arena . The 2010 ceremony was held in Birmingham's LG Arena with approximately 12,000 guests. The ceremony in 2011
5175-415: The show until 1985. Des Lynam took over as main host from Bough in 1983, and presided over figure skating duo Torvill and Dean 's win the following year, when they became the first non-individual winners of the main award. Steve Rider replaced Carpenter as co-host in 1986, at which a Special Team Award was presented to Great Britain men's 4 x 400 m relay team. In the 1980s, Steve Davis finished in
5250-472: The show was renamed Sports Review of the Year and given a longer duration of 75 minutes. The award continued to be held together with the sportsman and sportswoman of the year awards until 1958, by which time the latter awards were being organised by the Daily Express . From 1959 the BBC award ceremony was separated from the sportsman and sportswoman of the year awards. In 1960 Dimmock presented
5325-650: The show, and introduced two new awards: the Team of the Year award and the Overseas Personality award, won by the Cooper Car Company and athlete Herb Elliott respectively. David Coleman joined the show the following year and remained a co-presenter until 1983. Swimmer Anita Lonsbrough became the first female recipient of the main award in 1962; females won it in the following two years as well. Frank Bough took over as presenter in 1964 and presented Sports Review for 18 years. In 1969,
5400-519: The top three on five occasions, including one win in 1988. In 1991, angler Bob Nudd received the most votes following a campaign in the Angling Times . However, the BBC deemed this to be against the rules and refused to acknowledge his votes, allowing athlete Liz McColgan to win the award. The following year racing driver Nigel Mansell became the second person to win the main award twice, having won his first in 1986. Sue Barker presented
5475-458: Was created in the 1950s and cost about £1,000. It was first presented to the inaugural winner, Christopher Chataway , in 1954. It is a silver-plated four-turret lens camera , with the name of each winner engraved on individual shields attached to a plinth underneath the camera. The trophy originally had one plinth, but two more were added to create room for more shields. A replica trophy was made in 1981 and sent to India in case Ian Botham won
5550-762: Was held at Salford's dock10 Studios within MediaCityUK . The 2012 ceremony took place at ExCeL London , which had been one of the major venues for both the Olympics and Paralympics earlier that year. The 60th ceremony in 2013 was held at the First Direct Arena in Leeds. In 2014 , the ceremony was held in Scotland for the first time in its history, at The SSE Hydro in Glasgow, which had served as
5625-519: Was the first female presenter of Grandstand . After being diagnosed with cancer, she helped raise over £5 million to set up a cancer wing at the North Middlesex Hospital , where she received most of her treatment. The inaugural recipient of the award was horse trainer Jenny Pitman , in 1999. Other winners include South African Paralympic sprinter Oscar Pistorius , who won the award in 2007. Several recipients have not played
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