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33-667: During the second half of the nineteenth century the expansion of settlement in north-eastern Australia caused increasing problems with the carriage of freight to and from southern supply centres. In response to this problem the New South Wales Government , in 1859 (i.e. prior to the separation of Queensland ), offered a substantial reward for the discovery of a suitable harbour north of Port Curtis ( Gladstone ) that could be more easily accessed by northern settlers. Captain Henry Daniel Sinclair, owner of

66-441: A delicacy . Several dishes are made with sea cucumber, and in most dishes, it has a slippery texture. Common ingredients that go with sea cucumber dishes include winter melon , conpoy , kai-lan , shiitake mushroom , and Chinese cabbage . Many sea cucumber species are endangered and are at risk of overfishing due to their consumption. Sea cucumbers destined for food are traditionally harvested by hand from small watercraft,

99-565: A fresh form and a dried form are used for cooking, though its preparation is complex due to its taste being entirely "tasteless and bland". In the Suiyuan shidan , the Chinese Qing Dynasty manual of gastronomy , it is stated: "As an ingredient, sea cucumbers have little to no taste, are full of sand, and are fishy in smell. For these reasons, it is also the most difficult ingredient to prepare well."(海參，無味之物，沙多氣腥，最難討好。) Much of

132-941: A majority of members of the Legislative Assembly. Judicial power is exercised by the Supreme Court of New South Wales and a system of subordinate courts, but the High Court of Australia and other federal courts have overriding jurisdiction on matters which fall under the ambit of the Australian Constitution. In 2006, the Sesquicentenary of Responsible Government in New South Wales, the Constitution Amendment Pledge of Loyalty Act 2006 No. 6

165-662: A number of years. In 1868, Sinclair purchased the schooner Telegraph to take up beche-de-mer fishing between Port Denison and Cape York . However, before the vessel was ready to take to sea, Sinclair died aged 50 in a sailing accident in Cleveland Bay (off Townsville ) while participating in the St Patrick's Day Regatta. He was buried in the West End Cemetery in Townsville on St Patrick's Day with

198-601: A process called " trepanging " after the Indonesian Malay word for sea cucumber teripang . They are dried for preservation, and must be rehydrated by boiling and soaking in water for several days. They are mainly used as an ingredient in Chinese cuisine soups and stews. Many commercially important species of sea cucumber are harvested and dried for export for use in Chinese cuisine as 海参 (pinyin: hǎishēn). Some of

231-631: Is exercised by the Executive Council, which consists of the Governor and senior ministers. The Governor, as representative of the Crown, is the formal repository of power, which is exercised by him or her on the advice of the Premier of New South Wales and the cabinet. The Premier and ministers are appointed by the Governor, and hold office by virtue of their ability to command the support of

264-506: Is salted and fermented food (a variety of shiokara ). The dried ovary of sea cucumber is also eaten, which is called konoko (このこ) or kuchiko (くちこ). It is also considered a delicacy in the northwestern Mediterranean, particularly in Catalan cuisine , often as an ingredient in rice dishes. Sea cucumbers are considered non- kosher in Jewish dietary law, since they lack scales. Both

297-552: The Children's Court or Coroner's Court . New South Wales received statehood upon the federation of Australia in 1901, with the state's Constitution establishing a parliamentary democracy. Its relationship with the federal government is regulated by the Australian Constitution . The current government is held by the state Labor Party , led by Premier Chris Minns . Minns succeeded Dominic Perrottet from

330-693: The Indigenous peoples of the Kimberley region , the modern-day Northern Territory, and Arnhem Land . They collected trepang ( sea cucumber ) in particular to supply markets in Southern China. The Asian market for sea cucumber is estimated to be US$ 60 million. The dried form accounts for 95% of the sea cucumber traded annually in China, Singapore, Malaysia, Korea, and Japan. It is typically used in Chinese cuisines . The biggest re-exporters in

363-808: The Liberal Party on 28 March 2023 following the state election . New South Wales is governed according to the principles of the Westminster system , a form of parliamentary government based on the model of the United Kingdom . Legislative power formally rests with the King, acting with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly —together known as the Parliament of New South Wales . Executive power

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396-609: The NSW Government , is the governing body of New South Wales , Australia. The executive government comprises 11 portfolios, led by a ministerial department and supported by several agencies. There are also a number of independent agencies that fall under a portfolio but remain at arms-length for political reasons, such as the Independent Commission Against Corruption and Electoral Commission . The state Executive Council , consisting of

429-570: The Santa Barbara in a raft. A seaman, who was alone on the Santa Barbara , was compelled to shoot at another group coming toward the vessel a few days later while they were still in the bay. Sinclair decided to return to the south-east and obtained water from the local inhabitants of Gloucester Island in exchange for tomahawks and shirts. However, when two of the Aboriginal men returned to the vessel, armed with tomahawks hidden underneath

462-492: The governor and senior ministers, exercises the executive authority through the relevant portfolio. The legislative branch includes the bicameral state parliament , which includes the monarchy as represented by the governor , the Legislative Assembly , and Legislative Council . The judicial branch consists of three general courts ( Local , District and Supreme Court ), and several specialist courts such as

495-555: The 9-ton ketch Santa Barbara , departed Sydney in August 1859 in order to locate such a suitable harbour, undertook this mission. Sinclair sailed to Rockhampton where James Gordon and Ben Poole joined the vessel. He also picked up two Aboriginal guides at Curtis Island but they soon absconded. The expedition reached the Keppel Islands in early September where they saw several communities of Aboriginal people. On 29 September,

528-983: The Captain Henry Sinclair monument was unveiled in the Santa Barbara Park in Bowen, commemorating 150 years since Captain Sinclair sailed into Port Denison. It was erected by the Whitsunday Regional Council . Sinclair Bay on Cape Gloucester, Queensland is named after him. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article incorporates text from "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). New South Wales Government The Government of New South Wales , also known as

561-485: The King, represented by the Governor of New South Wales. The government ministers are listed in order of seniority as listed on the Parliament of New South Wales website and were sworn on by the Governor with effect from 5 April 2023, while their opposition counterparts are listed to correspond with the government ministers. All Opposition counterparts are members of the Parliament of New South Wales. The full ministry

594-496: The burial service read by an old friend and shipmate, James Gordon. Sinclair was one of the early burials in the cemetery and his sandstone headstone is believed to be the oldest surviving headstone in the cemetery. He left a widow and five children. On 18 October 1934, a cairn was unveiled in Santa Barbara Park in Bowen, commemorating the 75th anniversary of the landing of Captain Sinclair in Port Denison. On 16 October 2009,

627-399: The discovery of a new port, the separation of Queensland had occurred and neither the New South Wales nor Queensland Government believed that it was responsible for paying the reward and so Sinclair was never paid. The first British settlers began arriving at Port Denison as early as 19 March 1861 with Sinclair transporting a group of these people on board the Santa Barbara . The settlement

660-620: The far north of Queensland, Australia, sea cucumber are harvested from the Great Barrier Reef and the Coral Sea. Targeted species include Holothuria noblis (white teatfish), Holothuria whitmaei (black teatfish) and H. scabra (sand fish). Divers are supplied air via hose or "hookah" from the surface and collect their catch by hand, diving to depths of up to 40 m. From the 17th or 18th century CE onwards, traders from Sulawesi established extensive seasonal trade links with

693-894: The food product are commonly known as bêche-de-mer in French , from Portuguese bicho do mar (literally "sea animal"), espardenya in Catalan , trepang (or trīpang ) in Indonesian , namako in Japanese , balatan in Tagalog , loli in Hawaiian , deniz patlıcanı (sea aubergine) in Turkish and "minch' i mari" in Sicilian . In Malay , it is known as the gamat . Most cultures in East and Southeast Asia regard sea cucumbers as

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726-411: The mainland, Sinclair decided to leave the harbour and sail for Whitsunday Island . Here, they obtained water and made repairs to the Santa Barbara . During a friendly encounter, Sinclair was sitting on a stone when one of the Aboriginal men hit him over the head with a rock. Sinclair said that he was quite sure that they wanted to eat him as they made distinctive smacking sounds with their lips. Sinclair

759-683: The more commonly found species in markets include: Western Australia has sea cucumber fisheries from Exmouth to the border of the Northern Territory; almost all of the catch is sandfish ( Holothuria scabra ). The fishing of the various species known as bêche-de-mer is regulated by state and federal legislation. Five other species are targeted in the state's bêche-de-mer harvest , these are Holothuria nobilis (black teatfish), Holothuria whitmaei (black fish), Thelenota ananas (prickly redfish), Actinopyga echninitis (deep-water redfish), and Holothuria atra (lolly fish). In

792-409: The port a couple of days to survey and make personal land claims. On Station or Garden Island (now known as Stone Island) at the edge of the harbour, they found several acres of a nut-like vegetable under cultivation as well as an in-ground storage cache which the Aboriginal people used to stockpile these nuts. With a canoe of local residents following them and a group of about thirty Aborigines seen on

825-413: The preparation of sea cucumber goes into cleaning and boiling it, then stewing it in meat broths and extracts to infuse each sea cucumber with flavour. Chinese folk belief attributes male sexual health and aphrodisiac qualities to the sea cucumber, as it physically resembles a phallus , and uses a defence mechanism similar to ejaculation as it stiffens and squirts its own entrails at the aggressor. It

858-422: The shirt, Sinclair thought they were intending treachery and wanted to shoot them. The crew instead utilised the canoe for firewood. On 15 October, while sailing in the western part of Edgecumbe Bay , Sinclair "discovered that we were in a most splendid harbour" which he subsequently named Port Denison , a place which he thought would fulfil the criteria of the new port wanted by the government. Sinclair stayed in

891-422: The trade are Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Of the 650 species of sea cucumbers, just 10 species have commercial value. In 2013, the Chinese government cracked down on the purchasing of sea cucumbers by officials as their expensive price tag could be seen as a sign of opulence. In Japan, sea cucumber is also eaten raw, as sashimi or sunomono , and its intestine is also eaten as konowata , which

924-653: The vessel anchored at the mouth of the Burdekin River (then called the Wickham River) in Upstart Bay . Gordon and Poole went ashore to obtain water from the local people, but instead filled their tins with salt water. When they laid hold of their boat and attempted to steal it, the two men felt compelled to raise their guns at these people to get away. Sinclair was angry that they did not fire upon them and soon after he shot upon others attempting to approach

957-400: Was able to escape with Poole and Gordon coming to his assistance, with Poole firing from both barrels of his gun. Sinclair received several wounds but recovered. James Gordon said that he "would have liked to shoot every one" of the islanders for the injuries the captain sustained. The Santa Barbara returned to Rockhampton on 3 November. By the time Sinclair petitioned to claim his reward for

990-480: Was announced on 4 April 2023 and was sworn in the following day on 5 April. All Ministers are members of the New South Wales Labor Party . Beche-de-Mer Sea cucumbers are marine animals of the class Holothuroidea . They can be used as food, in fresh or dried form, in various cuisines. In some cultural contexts the sea cucumber is thought to have medicinal value. The creature and

1023-527: Was assented to and made a further amendment to the Constitution Act 1902 , by restoring the option of taking the oath of allegiance to the Queen, her heirs and successors, in addition to the option of taking the pledge of loyalty. The change applies to members of Legislative Council, Legislative Assembly and Executive Council. The following individuals serve as government ministers, at the pleasure of

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1056-631: Was enacted to amend the Constitution Act 1902 to require Members of the New South Wales Parliament and its Ministers to take a pledge of loyalty to Australia and to the people of New South Wales instead of swearing allegiance to the Queen her heirs and successors, and to revise the oaths taken by Executive Councillors. The Act was assented to by the Queen on 3 April 2006. On 5 June 2012 the Constitution Amendment (Restoration of Oaths of Allegiance) Act 2012 No 33

1089-500: Was officially proclaimed on 11 April 1861 (after the separation of Queensland), and named Bowen after the Queensland Governor , Sir George Ferguson Bowen . The township of Bowen quickly grew to support the northern pastoral industry as a strategically placed supply centre and over the course of several decades the town developed into a thriving commercial port. Sinclair stayed on in Bowen and served as harbourmaster for

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