48-410: Herringham is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Christiana Herringham (1852–1929), British artist, copyist, and art patron Wilmot Herringham (1855–1936), British medical doctor, academic and author [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Herringham . If an internal link intending to refer to
96-630: A case that the Adela Quested character in the novel is based on a travelling companion of the Herringhams on their 1906 voyage out. Newnham College, Cambridge Newnham College is a women's constituent college of the University of Cambridge . The college was founded in 1871 by a group organising Lectures for Ladies, members of which included philosopher Henry Sidgwick and suffragist campaigner Millicent Garrett Fawcett . It
144-469: A certificate from their colleges, was rebuffed in 1887 and a second try in 1897 went down to even more spectacular defeat. Undergraduates demonstrating against the women and their supporters did hundreds of pounds' worth of damage in the Market Square. The First World War brought a catastrophic collapse of fee income for the men's colleges and Cambridge and Oxford both sought state financial help for
192-483: A chevron gules between in chief two crosses botonny fitchy sable and in base a boar's head couped sable langued gules" – slightly differing from the arms of Kennedy of Kirkmichael , which has crosses crosslet fitchy. The other great benefactors of the college were Henry Sidgwick and Eleanor Mildred Balfour , who married in 1876. Mrs Sidgwick was Vice-Principal of one of the College's Halls, later becoming Principal of
240-567: A feminist journal, undermined a publication that had appeared for nearly 40 years, and lasted to 1910. Her will left a lump sum, which was run down. In 1906 Herringham founded the Women's Tribune tabloid before she went to India. It was short-lived, lasting four months, but reported in detail on the Women's Social and Political Union . Explicitly it was the organ of the Women's Declaration Committee, associated with Clementina Black . The publication
288-564: A friend, and Herringham found some money for her at the beginning of the 20th century when Bateson was considering emigration to the USA. Herringham was committed to women's suffrage from 1889. Bertha Newcombe of the Artists' Suffrage League (ASL) was a friend, and Christiana took part in her letter-writing campaign in 1908. The death of Jessie Boucherett in 1905, who had founded and given financial support to The Englishwoman's Review ,
336-558: A laboratory and a library, in the years up to the First World War . The architect Basil Champneys was employed throughout this period and designed the buildings in the Queen Anne style to much acclaim, giving the main college buildings an extraordinary unity. These and later buildings are grouped around beautiful gardens, which many visitors to Cambridge never discover, and, unlike most Cambridge colleges, students may walk on
384-585: A quiet inception in June 1903, when Christiana Herringham recruited Roger Fry , Dugald Sutherland MacColl and Claude Phillips . With the exception of Phillips, who was in bad health, they met on 7 July at 40 Wimpole Street , the Herringham's London home: others invited were John Postle Heseltine , Charles Holroyd , John Bowyer Buchanan Nichols , Robert Clermont Witt and Lord Balcarres . They represented business (Heseltine) and politics (Balcarres) as well as
432-532: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herringham&oldid=1174952029 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Monitored short pages Christiana Herringham Christiana Jane Herringham, Lady Herringham (née Powell ; 1852–1929)
480-560: Is the only university in the United Kingdom where colleges have admissions policies that discriminate on the basis of gender. Argent , on a chevron azure between in chief two crosses botonny fitchy and in base a mullet sable , a griffin 's head erased or between two mascles of the field. These arms, granted in 1923, were designed by the Revd Edward Earle Dorling to incorporate charges from
528-658: The India Society and Herringham joined the committee, the only female member of it at the time. The Society would often meet at her home at 40 Wimpole Street in London. Her husband became Chair of the India Society committee in 1914. Herringham travelled to India again in 1911, and made copies of the Buddhist cave paintings at Ajanta near Hyderabad, which had deteriorated. Among the visitors who observed her work
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#1732776808196576-708: The Women Writers' Suffrage League , in particular. The latter was designed by Mary Lowndes, and carried in the 1908 procession organised by the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies , in which 800 banners were seen. It carried the Latin tag litera scripta manet , part of the saying vox audita perit litera scripta manet . The former was for the ASL, formed in 1907, and involved in production of suffragist materials designed to bring about change. The stitching of
624-470: The "Tempera Revival". Independent of the Birmingham group were John D. Batten and John Roddam Spencer Stanhope who also revived and worked in tempera. Her father, who had passed money to his children during his lifetime, died in 1897, and Herringham became wealthy. She gave money to Newnham College, Cambridge at the end of the century. Mary Bateson of Newnham was a scholar and suffragist, and
672-646: The 1880s and 1890s. The college formally came into existence in 1880 with the amalgamation of the Association and the Company. Women were allowed to sit University examinations as of right from 1881; their results were recorded in separate class-lists. Its name has occasionally been spelt phonetically as Newham College. The demand from prospective students remained buoyant and the Newnham Hall Company built steadily, providing three more halls,
720-401: The College in 1892. Their arms were – Sidgwick (assumed arms): Gules, a fess between three griffins' heads erased or; and Balfour (of Balbirnie): Argent, on a chevron engrailed between three mullets sable an otter's head erased argent. In the college arms the chevron links them with the coats of Balfour and Kennedy, while its colour and the mascles refer to Clough. The crosses come from Kennedy,
768-552: The French writer Charles Müller ( fr:Charles Müller (écrivain) ), participated in the project, but the working relationship was fraught. Sister Nivedita arranged for Nandalal Bose and other pupils of Abanindranath Tagore to assist with the work at Ajanta, which had an influence on mural projects based on Havell's teaching in Calcutta. She visited the site, with Jagadish Bose , and also brought Lady Minto, wife of Lord Minto who
816-459: The arms of those intimately connected with the founding of the college. In the early years of the college Anne Clough was the Principal . She was a member of the landed gentry family of Clough of Plas Clough , Denbighshire , whose arms are blazoned "Azure, between three mascles a greyhound's head couped argent". The out-students were under the care of Marion Kennedy . Her arms were "Argent,
864-562: The art world. Balcarres gravitated to the position of chairman of a provisional committee, and Herringham provided some working funds, but there were tensions: between Herringham and her cousin Witt, and over the participation of other women. At the first General Meeting of the Fund in November, Fry moved a protest amendment, seconded by Herringham, aimed at the exclusion of key early founders from
912-556: The banner was in part the work of Herringham, and its slogan "Alliance not Defiance" implied an appeal for male assistance. Herringham supplied textiles and silk from India for banners: another one on which she worked, carrying the words "Post Laborum Palma", is not known to be extant. The procession in London on 13 June 1908, from the edge of the city to the Albert Hall , met with criticism: Herringham dealt sharply with Oswald Crawfurd , who complained from Switzerland. Herringham
960-422: The college. Demand continued to increase and the supporters of the enterprise formed a limited company to raise funds, lease land and build on it. in 1875 the first building for Newnham College was built on the site off Sidgwick Avenue where the college remains. In 1876 Henry Sidgwick married Eleanor Mildred Balfour who was already a supporter of women's education. They lived at Newnham for two periods during
1008-462: The conversion of the last men-only colleges into mixed colleges in the 1970s and '80s, there were inevitably questions about whether any of the remaining women-only colleges would also change to mixed colleges. The issue again became prominent as women-only colleges throughout the rest of the country began admitting men, and following the 2007 announcement that Oxford University's last remaining women-only college, St Hilda's , would admit men, Cambridge
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#17327768081961056-434: The couple's art collection, and a number of Christiana's paintings, to Bedford New College and to Newnham College. Royal Holloway, University of London now owns a large collection of Herringham's works, of those originally left to Bedford New College, remaining in the College gallery and archive. Christiana and Wilmot Herringham had two sons. Christopher (1882–1893) died of rheumatoid arthritis . Geoffrey (1883–1914)
1104-664: The executive committee. Balcarres tried hard to smooth over the schism between Witt and Isidore Spielmann on one side, and Fry, MacColl and Phillips on the other. With these issues barely contained backstage, Heseltine set out to acquire the Rokeby Venus for the National Gallery, London , the purchase that established the Fund in British cultural life. In 1904 Herringham was one of the backers found by Fry to re-finance The Burlington Magazine . In 1907, Herringham
1152-436: The first time. Concrete change within the university would have to wait until the first female colleges were formed, and following the foundation of Girton College (1869) and Newnham (1871) women were allowed into lectures, albeit at the discretion of the lecturer. By 1881, however, a general permission to sit examinations was negotiated. A first attempt to secure for the women the titles and privileges of their degrees, not just
1200-486: The first time. This was the context in which the women tried once more to secure inclusion, this time asking not only for the titles of degrees but also for the privileges and involvement in university government that possession of degrees proper would bring. In Oxford this was secured in 1920 but in Cambridge the women went down to defeat again in 1921, having to settle for the titles – the much-joked-about BA tit – but not
1248-549: The grass for most of the year. Many young women in mid-19th-century England had no access to the kind of formal secondary schooling which would have enabled them to go straight into the same university courses as the young men – the first principal herself had never been a pupil in a school. So Newnham's founders allowed the young women to work at and to a level which suited their attainments and abilities. Some of them, with an extra year's preparation, did indeed go on to degree-level work. And as girls' secondary schools were founded in
1296-549: The interests of students in the college and are responsible for social aspects of college life. Undergraduates are members of the Junior Combination Room (JCR), whilst graduate students are members of the Middle Combination Room (MCR). Newnham has many societies of its own including clubs for rowing, football, netball, tennis, and many other sports, as well as several choirs. As Newnham is
1344-676: The last quarter of the 19th century , staffed often by those who had been to the women's colleges of Cambridge, Oxford and London, the situation began to change. In 1890 the Newnham student Philippa Fawcett was ranked above the Senior Wrangler , i.e. top in the Mathematical Tripos . By the First World War the vast majority of Newnham students were going straight into degree-level courses. A new Pfeiffer Building
1392-744: The men, on the same time-table. This meant that Girton attracted a much smaller intake in its early years. But the Newnham Council held its ground, reinforced by the commitment of many of its members to educational reform generally and a wish to change some of the courses Cambridge was offering to its men. In 1948 Newnham, like Girton, attained the full status of a college of the university. The university as an institution at first took no notice of these women and arrangements to sit examinations had to be negotiated with each examiner individually. In 1868 Cambridge's Local Examinations Board (governing non-university examinations) allowed women to take exams for
1440-462: The mullet from Balfour, and the griffin's head from Sidgwick. No crest was granted, for although a corporate body may have a crest, it was thought that a crest and helm would be inappropriate to one composed entirely of women. Basil Champneys designed what was popularly said to be "the second-longest continuous indoor corridor in Europe" in order to prevent the women of the college stepping outside in
1488-524: The rain. The laboratory, which can be found near the sports field, now houses a space which hosts a range of cultural events, such as theatre productions, music recitals and art exhibitions. Alongside a formal hall , there is also a modern buttery in which to eat and relax. The College is also home to the Grade II* listed 1897 Yates Thompson Library and the Horner Markwick building. The library
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1536-408: The substance of degrees. This time the male undergraduates celebrating victory over the women used a handcart as a battering ram to destroy the lower half of the bronze gates at Newnham, a memorial to Anne Clough. The women spent the inter-war years trapped on the threshold of the university. They could hold university posts but they could not speak or vote in the affairs of their own departments or of
1584-472: The university as a whole. Finally, in 1948 the women were admitted to full membership of the university, although the university still retained powers to limit their numbers. National university expansion after the Second World War brought further change. In 1954, a third women's college, New Hall, (now Murray Edwards College ), was founded. In 1965 the first mixed graduate college, Darwin College ,
1632-505: Was Mary Elizabeth Turner . From shortly after her mother's death in 1871, to her marriage, she ran her father's household. After a courtship in 1878 and 1879 marked by tension between her independence and his conventional Anglican upbringing, she married the physician Wilmot Herringham in 1880, with whom she had two sons. From 1880 to 1890, Herringham was a director of the Ladies Residential Chambers Co. She
1680-512: Was Viceroy to 1910. Another artist from Bengal involved at Ajanta was Asit Kumar Haldar . There were also two students from Hyderabad . Herringham, however, had begun to suffer from delusions of pursuit and persecution. In 1914, she returned to the UK and was admitted to mental institutions. She spent the rest of her life in private nursing homes. She died in Sussex in 1929. Wilmot Herringham left
1728-668: Was William Rothenstein. An exhibition of the copies opened at the Crystal Palace in London in June 1911. Following the formation of the Society, Herringham returned to the Ajanta caves with Rothenstein. She set up a camp with the help of the Nizam of Hyderabad, and with several artists (including Dorothy Larcher ) set about copying the frescoes. The Russian-French art historian Victor Goloubew ( fr:Victor Goloubew ) and his assistant,
1776-617: Was a British artist, copyist, and art patron. She is noted for her part in establishing the National Art Collections Fund in 1903 to help preserve Britain's artistic heritage. In 1910 Walter Sickert wrote of her as "the most useful and authoritative critic living". Christiana Jane Powell was born in Kent and was the daughter of Thomas Wilde Powell , a wealthy patron of the Arts and Crafts Movement . One of her siblings
1824-584: Was a professional soldier, killed at the Battle of Messines at the beginning of World War I . Her biographer Mary Lago suggests Christiana Herringham may have been the inspiration for Mrs Moore in E. M. Forster 's 1924 novel A Passage to India . The Herringhams were family friends of the Forsters, through Forster's Aunt Laura; and Forster dined with Wilmot Herringham, William Rothenstein and Rabindranath Tagore in 1912, before his journey to India. Lago makes
1872-412: Was built in 1893, largely funded by £5,000 from a bequest by the poet Emily Jane Pfeiffer to support the education of women. In tailoring the curriculum to the students, Newnham found itself at odds with the other Cambridge college for women, Girton , founded two years earlier. Emily Davies , Girton's founder, believed passionately that equality could only be expressed by women doing the same courses as
1920-467: Was founded. The 1970s saw three men's colleges ( Churchill , Clare and King's ) admit women for the first time. Gradually Cambridge was ceasing to be "a men's university although of a mixed type", as it had been described in the 1920s in a memorably confused phrase. Cambridge now has no all-male colleges and Girton is also mixed. Newnham and Murray Edwards retain all-female student bodies, whilst Lucy Cavendish College started admitting men in 2021. With
1968-534: Was involved in founding the Society of Painters in Tempera in 1901. It had little impact on academic painters, but influenced Joseph Southall . The members included Mary Sargant Florence and Margaret Gere ; the Society flourished to around 1909, and had around 50 members, holding exhibitions in 1901, 1905 and 1909. It merged into a new Mural Decorators' Society in 1912. The National Art Collections Fund had
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2016-476: Was one of its founders, with Agnes Garrett . Herringham encountered fresco work by William Dyce in All Saints, Margaret Street , a setting significant in her courtship. She experimented with tempera recipes, of pigment mixed with egg yolk , and translated Cennino Cennini 's authoritative book on the old techniques. She worked as a copyist of Italian tempera paintings in galleries, and an anecdote
2064-487: Was one of the founders of the Women's Guild of Arts . In 1906, the Herringhams made a trip to India. Christiana subsequently became involved in the promotion of Indian art in the UK through her friendship with William Rothenstein . She was also on good terms with Ananda Coomaraswamy , interested in promoting Indian art in the United Kingdom but otherwise rather isolated. Ernest Havell and Rothenstein formed
2112-480: Was originally Newnham students' primary reference source since women were not allowed into the University Library . The library was built with a gift from Henry Yates Thompson and his wife, Elizabeth. It remains one of the largest college libraries in Cambridge with a collection of 100,000 volumes, including approximately 6,000 rare books. The college has two official combination rooms that represent
2160-567: Was recreated as Women and Progress by Nora Vynne and was published until 1914. Herringham also supported the launch in 1909 of The Englishwoman by the Women's League of Suffrage Societies . She published in it "Travel Sketches of Indian Women" in 1909, and "A Visit to a Purdah Hospital" in 1910. It was published from January 1909 by Grant Richards , initially edited by his wife Elisina. In April 1909 Mary Lowndes took it over, as Herringham specified. It continued to 1921. Christiana Herringham made banners for suffragist groups: for ASL, and
2208-772: Was the demand from those who could not travel in and out on a daily basis that in 1871 Sidgwick, one of the organisers of the lectures, rented a house at 74, Regent Street (Cambridge) to house five female students who wished to attend lectures but did not live near enough to the University to do so. He persuaded Anne Clough , who had previously run a school in the Lake District , to take charge of this house . The following year (1872), Clough moved to Merton House (built c. 1800) on Queen's Road , then to premises in Bateman Street. Clough eventually became president of
2256-578: Was the second women's college to be founded at Cambridge, following Girton College . The College celebrated its 150th anniversary throughout 2021 and 2022. The history of Newnham begins with the formation of the Association for Promoting the Higher Education of Women in Cambridge in 1869. The progress of women at Cambridge University owes much to the pioneering work undertaken by the philosopher Henry Sidgwick , fellow of Trinity . Lectures for Ladies had been started in Cambridge in 1869, and such
2304-604: Was told about her meeting John Ruskin while copying a Piero di Cosimo in the National Gallery, London . G. C. Williamson wrote in 1900 that ""It is quite clear from Mrs Herringham's work, that tempera painting [...] is quite capable of the sort transparent effects which are to be seen in Perugino 's paintings [...]". Her paintings had much in common with what has been called "a late provincial renaissance of Pre-Raphaelite and Symbolist art" based in Birmingham , facets of
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