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20-606: According to the Bibliotheca , the most prominent Hesione was a Trojan princess, daughter of King Laomedon of Troy , sister of Priam and second wife of King Telamon of Salamis . The first notable myth Hesione is cited in is that of Hercules, who saves her from a sea monster. However, her role becomes significant many years later when she is described as a potential trigger of the Trojan War. Apollo and Poseidon were angry at King Laomedon because he refused to pay

40-474: Is a compressive collection of myths, genealogies and histories that presents a continuous history of Greek mythology from the Theogony to the death of Odysseus . The narratives are organized by genealogy, chronology and geography in summaries of myth. The myths are sourced from a wide number of sources like early epic, early Hellenistic poets, and mythographical summaries of tales. Homer and Hesiod are

60-481: Is also possible, though, that the mother of Trambelus was not Hesione, but a certain Theaneira . Many years later, when Hesione was an old woman, Priam sent Antenor and Anchises to Greece to demand Hesione's return, but they were rejected and driven away. Priam then sent Paris and Aeneas to retrieve her, but Paris got sidetracked and instead brought back Helen , queen of Sparta and wife of Menelaus . Priam

80-498: Is indicated as author on some surviving manuscripts, this Apollodorus has been mistakenly identified with Apollodorus of Athens (born c.  180 BC E), a student of Aristarchus of Samothrace who also worked in Alexandria. It is known—from references in the minor scholia on Homer—that Apollodorus of Athens did leave a similar comprehensive repertory on mythology, in the form of a verse chronicle. The mistaken attribution

100-955: Is largely intact except for the last section, ending in the middle of the narrative of Theseus . In the later scholarship it is used as a reference material. Source: 1. Theogony 2. The Deucalionids 3. Jason and the Argonauts 4. Early Argive mythology (the Inachids, Belid line) 5. Heracles, and the Heraclids 6. Cretan and Theban mythology (the Inachids, Agenorid line). 7. The Theban Wars 8. Arcadian mythology (the Pelasgids) 9. Laconian and Trojan mythology (the Atlantids) 10. The Asopids 11. The Kings of Athens Epitome 12. The Pelopids 13. The Trojan war 14. The returns A certain "Apollodorus"

120-442: The Bibliotheca of Pseudo-Apollodorus , is a compendium of Greek myths and heroic legends , genealogical tables and histories arranged in three books, generally dated to the first or second century AD. The author was traditionally thought to be Apollodorus of Athens , but that attribution is now considered to be pseudepigraphic. As a result, " Pseudo- " has been affixed to Apollodorus . The Bibliotheca of Pseudo-Apollodorus

140-531: The Bibliotheca in later editions. A critical view of past interpretations, compilations, and organization has also been a source of contention. The sources of information that may have informed the creation of the Bibliotheca are also studied in the modern scholarship. The question of authorship is another area of study that has shaped the interpretation of the work throughout history. Apollodorus Too Many Requests If you report this error to

160-562: The Bibliothèque nationale de France , in Paris. The first printed edition of the Bibliotheca of Pseudo-Apollodorus was published in Rome in 1555. Benedetto Egio (Benedictus Aegius) of Spoleto , was the first to divide the text in three books. Hieronymus Commelinus  [ fr ] published an improved text at Heidelberg , 1559. The first text based on comparative manuscripts

180-511: The expedition against the Amazons . Seeing her exposed, Heracles promised to save her on condition that Laomedon would give him the wonderful horses he had received from Zeus as compensation for Zeus' kidnapping of Ganymede . Laomedon agreed, and Heracles slew the monster. In some accounts, after being swallowed by it, he hacked at its innards for three days before it died. He emerged, having lost all his hair. However, Laomedon refused to give him

200-458: The government of Troy on Priam. However, it is also claimed that Priam simply happened to be absent campaigning in Phrygia during Heracles' attack on Troy. Hesione was taken home by Telamon, married him, and bore him a son, Teucros , half-brother to Telamon's son from his first marriage, Ajax . Alternatively, she became pregnant with Trambelus while still on board the ship and then escaped; it

220-594: The heroes of the Trojan War . Byzantine author John Tzetes , who lived in Constantinople in the twelfth century, often cited the Bibliotheca in his writings. It was almost lost in the 13th century, surviving in one now-incomplete manuscript, which was copied for Cardinal Bessarion in the 15th century. Any surviving manuscripts of the Bibliotheca are descended from a fourteenth century manuscript in

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240-405: The important intellectual Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople expressed its purpose: It has the following not ungraceful epigram: 'Draw your knowledge of the past from me and read the ancient tales of learned lore . Look neither at the page of Homer , nor of elegy , nor tragic muse , nor epic strain . Seek not the vaunted verse of the cycle ; but look in me and you will find in me all that

260-408: The most frequently named along with other poets. Oral tradition and the plays written by Aeschylus , Sophocles and Euripides also factored into the compilation of myth in the Bibliotheca . The Bibliotheca was written in the first or second century CE by an author who is referred to as Pseudo-Apollodorus to differentiate from Apollodorus of Athens, who did not write the Bibliotheca . The text

280-533: The promised award. In a later expedition, Heracles attacked Troy, slew Laomedon and all of Laomedon's sons except the youngest, Podarces. Heracles gave Laomedon's daughter Hesione as a prize to Telamon instead of keeping her for himself. He allowed her to take with her any captives that she wished; she chose her brother Podarces. Heracles allowed her to ransom him in exchange for her veil. Therefore, Podarces henceforth became known as Priam , from ancient Greek πρίασθαι priasthai, meaning "to buy". Heracles then bestowed

300-410: The text that has survived is generally placed in late 1st or second century BCE. The first mention of the work is by Photius, patriarch of Constantinople in 9th century CE, in his "account of books read". The last section of the Bibliotheca which breaks off during the section on Theseus is missing in surviving manuscripts, Photius had the full work and mentions that the lost section had myths about

320-432: The wage he promised them for building Troy's walls. Apollo sent a plague and Poseidon a sea monster to destroy Troy. Oracles promised deliverance if Laomedon would expose his daughter Hesione to be devoured by the sea monster Cetus (in other versions, the lot happened to fall on her) and he exposed her by fastening her naked to the rocks near the sea. Heracles , Telamon , and Oicles happened to arrive on their return from

340-420: The world contains'. Photius is one of the first surviving reviews of the use of the Bibliotheca in the field. Throughout the 12th and 13th centuries BCE, the Bibliotheca was referred to in scholarship about Ancient Greece most often found in letters from scholars of the time. Much of the modern scholarship on the work has focused on the interpretation of its manuscripts by various translators and compilers of

360-487: Was made by scholars following Photius' mention of the name, though Photius did not name him as the Athenian and the name was in common use at the time. For chronological reasons, Apollodorus of Athens could not have written the book, the author of the Bibliotheca is at times referred to as the "Pseudo-Apollodorus", to distinguish him from Apollodorus of Athens. Modern works often simply call him "Apollodorus". The form of

380-490: Was that of Christian Gottlob Heyne , Göttingen , 1782–83. Subsequent editions Jurgen Muller (1841) and Richard Wagner (1894) collated earlier manuscripts. In 1921 Sir James George Frazer published an epitome of the book by conflating two manuscript summaries of the text, which included the lost section. The Bibliotheca has been referenced in scholarship throughout history. As a mythographical work It has influenced scholarship on Greek Mythology. An epigram recorded by

400-576: Was ultimately willing to accept the abduction of Helen, due to the Greeks' refusal to return Hesione. The name Hesione in Dictys Cretensis 4.22 appears to be an error for Plesione of Dictys 1.9 and that in turn an error for Pleione . Similar tales of a hero saving a love interest from a monster: Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus) The Bibliotheca ( Ancient Greek : Βιβλιοθήκη , Bibliothēkē , 'Library'), also known as

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