60-646: The Hilfspolizei ( HiPo or Hipo ; meaning "auxiliary police") was a short-lived auxiliary police force in Nazi Germany in 1933. The term was later semi-officially used for various auxiliary organizations subordinated to the Ordnungspolizei as well as various military and paramilitary units set up during World War II in German-occupied Europe . Hermann Göring , newly appointed as Interior Minister of Prussia , established
120-601: A baton and handcuffs while on duty. Auxiliary officers are often called upon to assist in such things as large-scale searches for missing persons, to provide crowd control at large-scale events, and often accompany regular force police officers on daily patrols. The Calgary Police Service discontinued their auxiliary cadet program in 2019 due to concerns that volunteers were given supplemental work, which brought about safety and working condition concerns. The Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force (HKAPF, traditional Chinese: 香港輔助警察隊), established in 1914, provides additional manpower to
180-781: A radio and pepper spray, they usually patrol on foot or by bicycle and do not wear a full uniform, but either plain clothes with a brassard or a marked shirt. The auxiliary police in Hessen ( Freiwilliger Polizeidienst Hessen ) was introduced in October 2000 and employs around 750 members of which approximately 30% are women. The officers are given 50 hours. Their patrol is limited to beats on foot and serves traffic control, assistance to major events and prevention of crime through mere police presence. Although they wear ordinary police uniform (except wearing baseball caps instead of peaked caps) with "freiwilliger Polizeidienst" patches, their equipment
240-476: A regular police officer. In the eyes of law, they are fully authorized police officers, wear normal police uniforms with a certain patch and complete police gear, including pepper spray, handcuffs and Walther P5 pistol. Though, the coalition contract of 2011-2016 between the governing political parties Bündnis 90/Die Grünen and the SPD seeks the abolishment of the auxiliary police and the financial supply as well as
300-769: A stop (§ 21, Abs. 1 Sächsisches Polizeigesetz) of a similar nature to officers in Bavaria or Hesse. In Hungary , the auxiliary police are the Polgárőrség (formally "Nationwide Civil Self-Defense Organization"; directly translated as "Civil Guard"; short name "OPSZ"). Established in 1989 and brought under the provisions of Act 52 of the Hungarian Parliament in 2006, the Polgárőrség consists of uniformed and unarmed volunteers who take part in police work in various fields such as neighbourhood watch, vehicle patrol, citizen's arrests (only in flagrante delicto ), assisting
360-634: Is Mishmar Ezrachi , which can be translated as "Civil Guard". This organization includes uniformed and non-uniformed civilians who volunteer for police work in various fields such as neighbourhood watch, regular patrol, traffic enforcement, bomb squad assistants, youth crime prevention, coast guard, border patrol, and diving operations. The Civil Guard is a division of the Israel Police , and is tasked with first response before regular police units arrive; however, they are generally considered separate from them, with less powers in comparison. Equipment of
420-503: Is 12 hours a month. The Civil Guard is composed mainly of "classic" volunteers who patrol in a car or on foot. They go through basic training and have limited police powers while on duty. They may apprehend a suspect or make an arrest if necessary. There are also Matmid (מתמיד) volunteers which operate far more intensively than classics in regular police work. Yatam (ית"מ) volunteers mainly operate in traffic control. Both Matmid and Yatam are more like volunteer police officers, with almost all
480-602: Is a grouping of buildings known on the eastern foreshore of Sussex Inlet known as the Christian's Minde Settlement, which contain 6 separate parcels of land, four of which are leaseholds. The historical, heritage-listed Christian's Minde (Block 14) was founded in the mid-1880s by the Ellmoos family from Denmark. Christian's Minde was promoted as the first guesthouse on the NSW south coast between Port Hacking and Twofold Bay when it
540-818: Is a legal mechanism that makes Defence personnel subject to the Crimes Act 1914 (Cth), the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) and offences against the criminal law of the ACT, as military law, even if the offence is committed elsewhere outside Australia. The Commonwealth contracts the ACT government to provide various services like courts, education and welfare, the Government of New South Wales for rural fire services and community health, Shoalhaven City Council for waste collection and library services, and commercial providers for electricity and water supplies. At
600-537: Is a natural harbour 16 km (10 mi) north to south and 10 km (6 mi) east to west, opening to the east onto the Pacific Ocean . The bay is situated about 198 km (123 mi) south of the city of Sydney , on the southern coast of New South Wales . The nearest city is Nowra , about 40 km (25 mi) on the Shoalhaven River to the north. The majority of Jervis Bay embayment
660-470: Is adjacent, operated by the RAN to support its BAE Systems Kalkara (Storm Petrel) pilotless target aircraft. Kalkaras are launched from the airfield and later recovered by parachute into the water and thence by boats maintained at HMAS Creswell , after target-towing exercises off the coast with ships or aircraft. Control equipment is sited at Bherwerre Ridge overlooking the sea to the east. Jervis Bay Territory
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#1732776892336720-590: Is an internal federal territory of Australia. It was established in 1915 from land ceded by the state of New South Wales , in order to give the federal government access to the sea in the vicinity of the landlocked Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The territory was administered by the Department of the Interior (and later by the Department of the Capital Territory ) as if it were part of
780-500: Is estimated that the auxiliary units had 25,000 SA and 15,000 SS members. The units also included members of Der Stahlhelm veterans organization ( Der Stahlhelm ). The force carried out or organized numerous violent attacks against Nazi opponents and staffed the early Columbia and Dachau concentration camps . The SS-Totenkopfverbände grew out of this formation. The force was disbanded in August 1933 due to international protests that
840-721: Is generally limited to pepper spray and a mobile phone. Apart from this, they have limited powers as they may only ask a person to wait with them, briefly interrogate them, ask them to reveal their identity or to leave the area if they appear to be dangerous (Platzverweis under §31 HSOG). The auxiliary police of Saxony ( Sächsische Sicherheitswacht ) was formed on 1 April 1998. A third of the 800 active members are women. After being trained for 60 hours, they usually patrol on foot in blue or green jackets or shirts, showing presence on public transport, openly accessible buildings such as shopping malls and other public areas. They are equipped with radio and pepper spray and are authorised to conduct
900-782: Is made up of 80,000 volunteers. Hungarian Auxiliary Police members do not possess more authority or rights than any other citizen. Since 2009, auxiliaries can carry pepper spray , direct traffic at traffic collision sites and pedestrian crossings in front of kindergartens and primary schools . The Home Guard is an Indian paramilitary force serving as an auxiliary to the Indian Police Service . Home Guards are responsible for internal security, civil defense, border patrol, Coast Guard support, and firefighting assistance. They also maintain functional units dedicated to motor transport, engineering, first aid, water and power operations, communications, and other services. Members of
960-618: Is minimal. Auxiliaries are unarmed and equipped with radios and handcuffs. The initial auxiliary uniform was similar to that of the Indonesian National Police, except with the police badge removed. The uniform was later changed to a simple black sleeveless jacket, with "POKDARKAMTIBMAS" written on the back in yellow. The Garda Síochána are aided by an auxiliary force called the Garda Síochána Reserve , often simply called Garda Reserve . The position
1020-1092: Is no consistent international definition. Auxiliary police are primarily tasked with supporting and augmenting the police, but this may also extend to established emergency services such as the fire department (and in the case of fire police ), emergency medical services , border guard , and coast guard . Duties commonly assigned to auxiliaries include community policing , neighborhood watch , traffic policing , civil defense , and riot control . The police powers auxiliaries may exercise vary from agency to agency; some have no or limited authority, while others may be accorded full police powers. They may be armed or unarmed. The Australian Federal Police can appoint special members who do not have full police powers. Special members are generally recruited locally to perform regulatory and administrative duties while others perform community policing duties in locations such as Norfolk Island , Christmas Island and Jervis Bay Territory . The Western Australia Police has had auxiliary officers since 2009. The role of police auxiliary officers
1080-611: Is part of Jervis Bay Marine Park (NSW State) but the waters within Jervis Bay Territory are part of Booderee National Park (Commonwealth). Booderee National Park was formerly known as Jervis Bay National Park (Commonwealth). A wide variety of flora and fauna are native to the Booderee ( Aboriginal: bay of plenty ) National Park with approximately 206 species of birds, 27 species of mammals, 15 species of amphibians, 23 species of reptiles and 180 species of fish native to
1140-844: Is part of Christian's Minde Settlement, the Railway, Tram and Bus Union (RTBU) Holiday Park (Block 37) and The Cove (former Bay of Plenty Lodges) (Block 28). Within the Booderee National Park is HMAS Creswell, the Royal Australian Navy College named after Sir William Rooke Creswell , the Director of the Commonwealth Naval Forces which later became the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The Jervis Bay Airfield
1200-761: Is registered and own by the company, for this purpose they are subject to the same application and approval procedures as any other private company instead of being treated as part of the Royal Malaysian Police. Malaysian Auxiliary police units are not allowed to enforce federal laws outside of their designated company/agency premises or areas, as stated in IGSO H602 Section 3.16. which translate Auxiliary police possess some police powers in their designated company/agency premises or areas only when performing their duty. Malaysian auxiliary police uniforms have been traditionally different from those of
1260-634: Is to assist regular, or sworn, police constables in the execution of their duties, as well as to provide assistance in community policing . Auxiliary constables in Canada wear uniforms similar to regular force constables. However, most wear the word "auxiliary" on a rocker panel under the force's crest on each arm, and in some cases, wear a red and black checkered head band on their service caps to distinguish them from full-time police. Also, auxiliary constables are usually unarmed, but are trained in firearms. They may, depending on legislation and policies, carry
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#17327768923361320-491: Is very small in number. The New South Wales Police Force formed a Police Reserve of around 500 special constables during World War I . The Police Reserve was formed again during World War II. In Canada , many police forces utilize the services of auxiliary constables. Under various provincial policing legislations and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act , the role of auxiliary constable
1380-619: The Matilda entered the bay to undertake repairs. Survivors of the Sydney Cove shipwreck in 1797 reached the area by foot, heading to Port Jackson . Explorer George Bass entered the bay on 10 December, 1797. He named Bowen Island . John Oxley , an English explorer and surveyor, travelled from Sydney by sea to explore the bay in 1819. During the negotiations that led to Federation , three major agreements were reached regarding proposed federal territories, including (in particular)
1440-442: The 2021 census , 310 people lived in the territory, the majority working and living at the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) base HMAS Creswell . Vincentia is the nearest town, roughly 3 km (2 mi) north of the border. Having 65.7 km (25 sq mi) of land and 8.9 km (3 sq mi) marine reserve, Jervis Bay Territory is the smallest of all the mainland states and territories of Australia. Jervis Bay
1500-840: The Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF) during emergencies and other incidents. From 1969 to 1997, the HKAPF was known as the Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force (RHKAPF). Auxiliary police officers are paid hourly wages and have similar duties to full-time members of the HKPF. Most are armed and, like members of the HKPF, are equipped with full gear and weapons including pepper spray , expandable batons and Smith & Wesson Model 10 revolvers as sidearms, with spare ammunition, while some are armed with Remington 870 shotguns. The HKAPF reports to
1560-592: The Rendőrség , and youth crime prevention. Since 2009, auxiliary duties were expanded to include traffic directing and crossing guard work. The Polgárőrség also operates an automatic number-plate recognition unit called the Matrix Police. The presence of the Auxiliary Police, in uniform, on patrol in marked police units has been proven to reduce vandalism and other crimes in the community. The force
1620-619: The ACT judicial system, but are not represented in the Legislative Assembly . Although they are subject to ACT law and some services are contracted by the Australian Government to nearby councils in New South Wales, Jervis Bay Territory residents do not vote in either ACT or New South Wales elections, nor does Jervis Bay have its own elected council, though Aboriginal persons who are registered members of
1680-925: The ACT's representation in the Senate ; it forms part of the Division of Fenner (also in the ACT) for House of Representatives purposes. However, it is not represented in the ACT Legislative Assembly . For most purposes, the territory is governed under the laws of the Australian Capital Territory , by the Jervis Bay Administration, which handles matters normally concerned with local or state government. The ACT also provides primary school teachers and Australian Federal Police staffing. Residents have access to
1740-621: The ACT, although it has always been a separate Commonwealth territory. The perception that it is part of the ACT stems from the fact that under the terms of the Jervis Bay Territory Acceptance Act 1915 , the laws of the ACT apply to the Jervis Bay Territory. In 1989, when the ACT achieved self-government , the Department of the Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism and Territories took over responsibility for
1800-469: The Civil Guard generally consists of a fluorescent yellow police vest, flashlight, radio, firearms, handcuffs and whatever else may be required particular to the assignment. Some volunteers are armed with rifles and, if they have any, personally-owned weapons. Issued equipment is returned at the end of each shift. Most volunteers manage about one shift a week (2 to 4+ hours), while the minimum requirement
1860-720: The Commissioner of Police. The Assistant Police Officer position was created in Estonia by the Assistant Police Officer Act , which was adopted by the Riigikogu on 20 April 1994. It provided the rights, duties and activities of the assistant police officer, defined by Estonian law as a person who is not a member of the Estonian Police but who voluntarily participates in police activities in
Hilfspolizei - Misplaced Pages Continue
1920-606: The Hilfspolizei on 22 February 1933 to assist regular police in maintaining order and later in handling communists in the wake of the Reichstag fire . The organization quickly spread from Prussia to other German states and Hitler endorsed it in the Reichstag Fire Decree . The units were staffed mainly by members of Sturmabteilung (SA) and Allgemeine SS wearing SA or SS uniforms with a white brassard . It
1980-730: The Indian Home Guard are equipped with and trained to use older weapons such as the Lee–Enfield SMLE , Sten , and Bren . The Indonesian Auxiliary Police, commonly known as POKDAR ( PokdarKamtibmas ), are the uniformed and non-uniformed auxiliary police of the Indonesian National Police . They were established in 1992. Their duties are to assist police with neighborhood watch, intelligence gathering, and incident scene security. They are also permitted to assist in undercover operations, though their involvement
2040-630: The JBT's administration. Jervis Bay has a long history of Aboriginal Australian settlement. Booderee, the name of the national park that covers the majority of the Jervis Bay Territory, means 'bay of plenty' or 'plenty of fish' in the local Aboriginal language. The Yuin people have a strong and continuing connection to the Jervis Bay area and in December 2016, applied for recognition of their native title , in part to recognise this. Jervis Bay
2100-970: The Malaysian Federal Reserve Bank ( Bank Negara ), the National Anti-Drug Agency ( Agensi Anti-Dadah Kebangsaan – AADK), the Federal Land Development Agency (FELDA) and the Inland Revenue Board ( Lembaga Hasil Dalam Negeri ); and other institutions with semi-governmental interests. Such institutions include the National Savings Bank ( Bank Simpanan Nasional – BSN), Malayan Railways Limited ( Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad – KTMB), Pos Malaysia Holdings Berhad (the national postal service), Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (the largest Malaysian airport operator),
2160-604: The Nazi régime, such as the HIPO Corps in Denmark, various Schutzmannschaft units, Selbstschutz , etc. Auxiliary police Auxiliary police , also called volunteer police , reserve police , assistant police , civil guards , or special police , are usually the part-time reserves of a regular police force. They may be unpaid volunteers or paid members of the police service with which they are affiliated; There
2220-550: The North-South Highway Project ( Projek Lebuhraya Utara Selatan – PLUS), Tenaga Nasional Berhad (the national power service), Sarawak Energy Berhad (Public Utilities) and other similar strategic organizations. Most of these organizations have already been privatized, but are allowed to maintain an auxiliary police unit. Under special circumstances, auxiliary police units have also been established by private companies with no government interests at all such as
2280-558: The Victoria Police Auxiliary Force during World War II to assist regular police in the event of emergencies. The Auxiliary Force was disbanded in 1946. A number of retired police were temporarily formed into a Police Reserve to assist with traffic control during the 1956 Summer Olympics . A permanent Retired Police Reserve was established under the Police Regulation Act 1958 , although today
2340-577: The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council have voting rights both at meetings of the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council, and to elect the executive of that Council. Section 61 of the Defence Force Discipline Act (DFDA) makes all Australian Defence Force members and "Defence Civilians" subject to the criminal laws of the Jervis Bay Territory regardless of where the offence occurred. This
2400-559: The area. The park itself encompasses approximately 90% of the territory of Jervis Bay and covers the overlap between Australia's northern and southern climatic zones. Ancient sand dunes overlay the sedimentary bedrock formations formed from upheaval of the surrounding marine environment 280–225 million years ago. There are three small lakes within the territory: Lake Windermere, the largest, with an area of 31 ha (77 acres); Lake Mckenzie, 7 ha (17 acres); as well as Blacks Waterhole measuring 1.4 ha (3.5 acres). Bowen Island, at
2460-612: The authorities of a regular police officer, advanced training, and regular police uniforms. The Civil Guard also has special units such as bicycle-riders, search-and-rescue teams, divers, translators, and drivers, but their members have to go through additional training and have a higher level of commitment. In Malaysia , auxiliary police ( Malay : Polis Bantuan, ڤوليس بنتوان ) refers to sworn private security police officers serving in autonomous government agencies and key government-linked companies/entities such as Northport (Malaysia) Bhd ( Northport ), Petroleum Nasional Berhad ( Petronas ),
Hilfspolizei - Misplaced Pages Continue
2520-408: The capital and the port would be in separate, non-contiguous areas, inasmuch as any contiguous path from Canberra to the coast would have required New South Wales to surrender a great deal of territory. Ownership of Crown land in the Jervis Bay area was transferred from the NSW government to the federal government in 1909 (at the same time that ownership of the site of Canberra and the surrounding area
2580-431: The capital city of the proposed federation. First, it was decided that a new, purpose-built city, located within the borders of New South Wales (NSW), should become the federal capital. Second, to allay fears that such a location would give NSW too much influence on federal politics, it was also agreed that an area including the new city would be exclaved from NSW – to become a small, separate federal territory. Third, it
2640-487: The cases allowed by local laws. While taking part in police activities, the assistant police officer is a government representative. Initially, each police officer was guided individually by a police officer to whom they were assigned (usually the region constable). Nowadays they are guided by assistant police officer formations managers, who are appointed by the chief of police. In Germany , auxiliary police forces ( Freiwilliger Polizeidienst or Sicherheitswacht ) exist in
2700-521: The entrance to the bay 230 m (750 ft) north of Governors Head, is 51 ha (130 acres) in area. It has rookeries for the little penguin Eudyptula minor . There are two villages in the Jervis Bay Territory. They are both covered by postcode 2540. Listed from north to south, they are: There are several private leasehold properties in the Jervis Bay Territory, within but not part of Booderee National Park . Among these leasehold properties
2760-525: The force maintained by Resorts World Berhad (RWB), the company that operates the popular resort and casino at Genting Highlands . At present, there are 153 government agencies, statutory bodies and private companies authorized to operate their own auxiliary police units, with a total strength of 40,610 personnel. Malaysian Auxiliary police are not attached per se to the Royal Malaysian Police , but are granted some police powers such as
2820-502: The left sleeve), the shoulder title (which says "Polis Bantuan" or Auxiliary Police, instead of "Polis Diraja" or Royal Police) and the service number (worn by junior police officers of Honorary Sergeant Major rank and below, just above the right breast pocket; auxiliary police numbers begin with the letters 'PB12345' whereas regular police officers numbers do not contain any letters.) Jervis Bay Territory The Jervis Bay Territory ( / ˈ dʒ ɜːr v ɪ s , ˈ dʒ ɑːr -/ ; JBT )
2880-530: The majority of land in the Territory, it exercises certain governance and representation functions for its community under the Aboriginal Land Grant (Jervis Bay Territory) Act 1986 The Jervis Bay Territory is administered by the federal Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts . Nonetheless, it is counted as part of the ACT for the purpose of
2940-560: The power to carry out minor investigations or to make arrests within their area of jurisdiction. However, they are totally autonomous in matters related to the security of their company's premises and facilities. Some forces are also conferred the authority to issue traffic summonses (that are paid to the Federal Government, not the issuing organization) for offences committed on their area of jurisdiction. While Malaysian auxiliary police officers are empowered to carry firearms which
3000-404: The recruitment of new auxiliary officers was suspended. The Bavarian auxiliary police ( Bayerische Sicherheitswacht ) was officially founded on 31 December 1996. Officers have limited legal powers: apart from a citizen's arrest, briefly detain and question a person and check their identification and can ask a dangerous person to leave the area (Platzverweis under Article 16, PAG). Equipped with
3060-599: The regular police force, but a consolidation exercise by the Management Department of the Royal Malaysian Police Federal Headquarters ( Bukit Aman ) in 2004 has since authorised the use of regular police dress, insignia and other paraphernalia for sworn auxiliary police officers. The only differences are the unit patches with company logo, e.g. Polis Bantuan Petronas (worn by auxiliary police officers only, sewn on
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#17327768923363120-569: The states of Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , Hesse , and Saxony . The auxiliary police ( Freiwillige Polizei-Reserve ) of Berlin was dissolved in 2002. Their jurisdiction varies between states. Founded in May 1963, the Baden-Württemberg auxiliary police ( Freiwilliger Polizeidienst Baden-Württemberg ) consists of 1,201 members. The officers are required to complete two weeks of training after which they are usually deployed on service with
3180-462: The units violated the disarmament provisions of the Treaty of Versailles , Adolf Hitler 's growing distrust of SA, and outliving its purpose during the consolidation of the new Nazi régime. The term Hilfspolizei was also used for various military and paramilitary units set up during World War II in German-occupied Europe . In this context, the term often labels groups of local collaborators with
3240-421: Was also considered desirable, at the time, that the responsibilities and powers of the federal government should include direct control of, and jurisdiction over, at least one port and, therefore, an area of coastline. Although the site of the capital city was not decided until 1908, all of the seriously considered sites were substantial distances inland; thus it was also acknowledged (if only implicitly) that
3300-497: Was also relinquished by NSW). In 1915, jurisdiction over the Jervis Bay Territory was also transferred from New South Wales to the Commonwealth. To reduce the practical difficulties presented by the physical separation of the two territories, the government of NSW also agreed, in principle, that the federal government could build and take full control of a proposed rail corridor between Canberra and Jervis Bay, although this
3360-880: Was created in 2006, with a planned 4,000 persons to join the Reserve according to An Garda Síochana Act 2005 . The force are mainly involved in legislation relating to traffic, public order, theft and burglary. They have limited powers, authorised by the Garda Commissioner. Garda Reserve members cannot drive a Garda patrol car, must be accompanied by a full member of the force while on patrol, and aren't allowed to carry firearms. Reserve members carry out duties such as event policing, attend court proceedings, assist at road check-points and road collisions. Reserves members are given training in relation to law, human rights, Garda communication, self-defence and Garda discipline and procedures. The Israeli term for auxiliary police
3420-432: Was established in the 1890s. Descendants of the Ellmoos family lived at Christian's Minde (Block 14), Ellmoos (Block 9) and Ardath (Block 11) for over 130 years, and continue to live at Kullindi (Block 10) today. Members of the extended family are buried in a cemetery, which is surrounded by dense bush and is managed by the local Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community. Other leaseholds in Jervis Bay Territory are Pamir (Block 12) which
3480-451: Was inserted into the Police Act 1892 by the Police Amendment Act 2009 . They generally perform administrative and other duties which do not require full police powers. The Northern Territory Police has auxiliary officers who can perform administrative duties and communications, plus duties which may require some expertise but do not require police powers such as search and rescue. The Victoria Police recruited 3,100 auxiliary police to
3540-456: Was never implemented. The area of land and water owned by the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council in the JBT is approximately 68 km (26 sq mi), which is about 90% of the land. The remaining land in the JBT is managed by the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities . There is an Aboriginal community at Wreck Bay Village in Booderee National Park . The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council not only holds
3600-440: Was sighted by Lieutenant James Cook aboard HMS Endeavour on 25 April, 1770 (two days after Saint George's Day ), and he named the southern headland Cape St George. In August 1791, the bay was entered and named by Lieutenant Richard Bowen aboard the convict transport ship Atlantic of the Third Fleet in honour of Admiral John Jervis , under whom he had served. In November 1791, Master Matthew Weatherhead aboard
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