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16-649: Hiraizumi is the smallest municipality in Iwate Prefecture in terms of area. Located in a basin in south-central Iwate Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of northern Honshu, the town is surrounded by the Kitakami Mountains . Iwate Prefecture Hiraizumi has a humid climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) characterized by mild summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature in Hiraizumi

32-602: A mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 12 members. Hiraizumi and the city of Ichinoseki collectively contribute five seats to the Iwate Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Iwate 3rd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . The local economy is based on agriculture and tourism. Hiraizumi has two public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by

48-513: Is 10.8 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1265 mm with September as the wettest month and February as the driest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around -1.9 °C. Per Japanese census data, the population of Hiraizumi peaked around 1950, and has declined over the past 70 years. The area of present-day Hiraizumi

64-635: Is a mountain range in northeastern Honshu , in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan . The range extends for 250 kilometres (160 mi) from the southern border of Aomori Prefecture in the north to the northern border of Miyagi Prefecture in the south, and are bordered by the Kitakami River valley in the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east, with an average width of around 80 kilometres (50 mi).The Kitakami Mountains are thus mostly located within eastern Iwate Prefecture . The range

80-536: Is largely an eroded plateau with a thick granite bedrock, thus accounting for its other name: Kitakami Plateau ( 北上高地 , Kitakami-kōchi ) . In the north, the mountains are characterized by marine terraces at an altitude of around 300 meters, whereas in the south, the mountains are drowned to form a deeply indented rias coast . Geologically, the Kitakami Mountains are Paleozoic and Mesozoic formations, divided into northern and southern groups.

96-554: The Kitakami Basin was born. The Kitakami Mountains were exposed to erosion for a long time because they were above water from the Cenozoic onwards. In addition, as a result the glacier effects of the last glacial period , the current gentle topography was created. Mount Hayachine , near the center of the range, is the highest peak at 1,917 metres (6,289 ft), and supports endemic alpine vegetation. Notable caves within

112-637: The Kitakami Mountains include Akkadō and Ryūsendō . The peaks of the Kitakami mountains include the following: Iwate 3rd district Iwate 3rd district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan (national legislature). It is located in Iwate . Ichirō Ozawa of the Liberal Party took the seat in the constituency after his original seat in the Iwate 4th district

128-469: The Kitakami Mountains were geologically part of Primorsky region of Siberia . About 30 million years to 15 million years ago, the Japanese archipelago separated from the continent and moved to its present position. The Kitakami Mountains around that time was an island, the west side was a shallow sea, and the Ōu Mountains were not yet born. The uplift of the Ōu mountain range began in late Miocene and

144-606: The Konjiki-dō, a jewel box of a building intended to represent the Buddhist Pure Land and the final resting place of the Fujiwara lords. Hiraizumi's golden age lasted for nearly 100 years. It was destroyed in 1189, and, after the fall of the Fujiwara clan, the town sank back into relative obscurity, and most of the buildings that gave the town its cultural prominence were destroyed. When the poet Matsuo Bashō saw

160-633: The Koromo River served as the boundary between Japan to the south and the Emishi peoples to the north. By building his home south of the Koromo, Kiyohira (half Emishi himself) demonstrated his intention to rule Ōshū without official sanction from the court in Kyoto . Kanzan was also directly on the Ōshū Kaidō , the main road leading from Kyoto to the northern lands as they opened up. Kanzan was also seen as

176-579: The exact center of Ōshū which stretched from the Shirakawa Barrier in the south to Sotogahama in present-day Aomori Prefecture . Kiyohira built the large temple complex known as Chūson-ji . The first structure was a large pagoda at the very top of the mountain. In conjunction with this, he placed small umbrella reliquaries ( kasa sotoba ) every hundred meters along the Ōshū kaidō decorated with placards depicting Amida Buddha painted in gold. Other pagodas, temples and gardens followed including

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192-526: The shrine was already 700 years old. Although rebuilt many times, the same shrine is still standing in the same location. In about 1100, Fujiwara no Kiyohira moved his home from Fort Toyoda in present-day Esashi , in the city of Ōshū to Mount Kanzan in Hiraizumi. This location was significant for several reasons. Kanzan is situated at the junction of two rivers, the Kitakami and the Koromo . Traditionally

208-580: The southern area has oldest previous Silurian foundation, which was once a shallow sea on the continental margin where the water temperature was high enough for coral growth from the Silurian to the Devonian periods; this region, later collided with the northern Kitakami mountainous area in the early Cretaceous period, and the whole was penetrated by the granite in various places. Until the Paleogene ,

224-459: The state of the town in 1689 he penned a famous haiku about the impermanence of human glory: Modern Hiraizumi village was created on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the post- Meiji restoration municipality system. Hiraizumi was raised to town status on October 1, 1953. It annexed neighboring Nagashima village on April 15, 1955. The town lost some land to the city of Ichinoseki on September 1, 1956, and again on May 1, 1964. Hiraizumi has

240-561: The town government. The town does not have a high school. [REDACTED] East Japan Railway Company (JR East) - Tōhoku Main Line [REDACTED] Tiantai County , Zhejiang Province , China, friendship city since 2010 Hiraizumi has a number of officially listed National Treasures and other culturally or historically notable sites. [REDACTED] Media related to Hiraizumi, Iwate at Wikimedia Commons Kitakami Mountains Kitakami Mountains ( 北上山地 , Kitakami sanchi )

256-585: Was part of ancient Mutsu Province . It was the home of the Northern Fujiwara clan for about 100 years in the late Heian era , during which time it served as the de facto capital of Ōshū , an area containing nearly a third of the Japanese land area. At its height the population of Hiraizumi reached 50,000 or more than 100,000, rivaling Kyoto in size and splendor. The first structure built in Hiraizumi may have been Hakusan Shrine on top of Mount Kanzan (Barrier Mountain). A writer in 1334 recorded that

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