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78-661: William A. Smith (Senior Advisor) The Huffy Corporation is a supplier of bicycles with headquarters in Dayton , Ohio , United States. It has its roots in 1887 when George P. Huffman purchased the Davis Sewing Machine Company and in 1890 moved its sewing machine factory from Watertown, New York , to Dayton, Ohio . The Davis Sewing Machine company made their first Dayton bicycle, in Dayton, Ohio, in 1892. In 1924, George's son, Horace M. Huffman Sr., founded

156-529: A tornado outbreak , in which a total of 15 tornadoes touched down in the Dayton area. Although some of the tornadoes were only EF0 and remained on the ground for less than a mile, one was an EF4 measuring a half-mile-wide (805 meters), which tore through the communities of Brookville, Trotwood, Dayton, Northridge, and Riverside. Several streets were closed, including portions of I-75 and North Dixie Drive in Northridge. 64,000 residents lost power and much of

234-567: A touring motorcycle is often shorter and less elaborate and may be built into a top box . Inspired by its motorcycle counterpart, a smaller version of the sissy bar was a common feature on 1960s- and 70s-era wheelie bikes , such as the Schwinn Sting-Ray and the Raleigh Chopper . This extended backrest, which attached to the rear of the bike's banana seat , gave a passenger something to lean back on and hold on to besides

312-484: A "peace chain," although it was not large enough to surround the sprawling eight-thousand-acre base. Ohio's famous ethnic diversity was on display. Downtown expansion that began in the 2000s has helped revitalize the city and encourage growth. Day Air Ballpark , home of the Dayton Dragons , was built in 2000. The highly successful minor league baseball team has been an integral part of Dayton's culture. In 2001,

390-522: A children's bicycle with an automotive theme, Huffman designers added a car-type steering wheel in place of handlebars to the Rail frame, which became the Huffy Wheel . Tall "stick-shift" derailleur gear shift levers mounted on the frame top-tube imitated the gearshift levers of popular muscle cars of the day, while many banana-seat cycles were fitted with tall chromed sissy bar passenger backrests at

468-475: A form of protest, which later became part of the modern chopper look. A variety of materials were used to fabricate these custom sissy bar designs such as tubing, wrought iron, plate metal, and even welded chain. Sissy bars for cruiser -style motorcycles are usually affixed to the rear fender struts , and are typically made of chrome-plated steel with a foam padded seatback for comfort. Some elaborate custom examples can extend three feet or more. A backrest for

546-729: A last-ditch effort to avoid the higher union manufacturing costs in Ohio. After it became apparent that continued U.S. production of low-cost, mass-market bicycles was no longer viable, Huffy had bicycles built by plants in Mexico and China, starting in 1999. The relationship with the Mexican plant was severed shortly thereafter. In a federal bankruptcy court in Dayton, Ohio, in 2004, Huffy's assets were turned over to its Chinese creditors. In 2004, Huffy sold its Huffy Sports division to Russell Corporation . Huffy Sports manufactured sporting goods, including

624-482: A long banana seat with supporting struts and tall " ape-hanger " handlebars. Huffy hesitated for several months before agreeing to make the bike, on the condition that if the bike failed to sell that Mole would buy all the leftover parts and frames. The new bike, informally designated the Penguin , began appearing in retail stores by March 1963. The Penguin was the first of the banana-seat chopper bicycles to reach

702-436: A male householder with no spouse present, and 38.2% had a female householder with no spouse present. 47.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.95, and the average family size was 2.83. 18.9% of the city's population were under the age of 18, 65.0% were 18 to 64, and 16.1% were 65 years of age or older. The median age

780-641: A new location was sought. The Patterson family formed the Dayton Air Service Committee, Inc which held a campaign that raised $ 425,000 in two days and purchased 4,520.47 acres (18.2937 km ) northeast of Dayton, including Wilbur Wright Field and the Huffman Prairie Flying Field. Wright Field was "formally dedicated" on October 12, 1927. After World War II, Wright Field and the adjacent Patterson Field, Dayton Army Air Field, and Clinton Army Air Field were merged as

858-454: A park. The Old Court House has been a favored political campaign stop. On September 17, 1859, Abraham Lincoln delivered an address on its steps. Eight other presidents have visited the courthouse, either as presidents or during presidential campaigns: Andrew Johnson , James Garfield , John F. Kennedy , Lyndon B. Johnson , Richard Nixon , Gerald Ford , Ronald Reagan , and Bill Clinton . The Dayton Arcade , which opened on March 3, 1904,

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936-486: A profit selling bicycles at the prices Walmart, its biggest customer, was willing to pay. After requesting and getting a pay cut for its unionized workforce in Ohio, Huffy returned to profitability for two years only to again crumple under the pricing pressure applied by Walmart. This forced Huffy to close its Celina, Ohio plant and lay off all 935 employees. Their other two factories in Missouri and Mississippi soon fell to

1014-635: A role in a nickname given to the state of Ohio, "Birthplace of Aviation." Dayton is the hometown of the Wright brothers , aviation pioneers who are credited with inventing and building the first practical airplane in history. After their first manned flights in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina , which they had chosen due to its ideal weather and climate conditions, the Wrights returned to Dayton and continued testing at nearby Huffman Prairie . Additionally, Dayton

1092-602: A two-bar Rail frame, eventually adding additional two-tone fade paint jobs along with Persons striped seats. These designs continued in production until 1971 when new safety and manufacturing restrictions from the BMA (Bicycle Manufacturers Association), the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and other U.S. federal agencies forced the discontinuance of the Wheel , the top-tube mounted "stick-shift",

1170-442: Is also a large area that encompasses several neighborhoods itself and has seen a recent uplift and revival. Dayton's suburbs with a population of 10,000 or more include Beavercreek , Centerville , Clayton , Englewood , Fairborn , Harrison Township , Huber Heights , Kettering , Miami Township , Miamisburg , Oakwood , Riverside , Springboro , Trotwood , Vandalia , Washington Township , West Carrollton , and Xenia . In

1248-458: Is based in Dayton, Ohio. Manufacturing is based outside of the U.S. Crown Equipment Corporation now uses the former Huffy U.S. bicycle factory in Celina, Ohio, to produce forklifts. On August 13, 2004, Huffy announced that its financial statements had accounting irregularities. The price of Huffy stock (Stock symbol: HUF) declined by 40 percent on the next NYSE trading day. On August 16, 2004,

1326-499: Is classified as a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfa ). Unless otherwise noted, all normal figures quoted within the text below are from the official climatology station, Dayton International Airport, at an elevation of 1,000 ft (304.8 m) about 10 mi (16 km) to the north of downtown Dayton, which lies within the valley of the Miami River ; thus temperatures there are typically cooler than in downtown. At

1404-508: Is colloquially referred to as "Little Detroit". This nickname comes from Dayton's prominence as a Midwestern manufacturing center. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 56.50 square miles (146.33 km ), of which 55.65 square miles (144.13 km ) is land and 0.85 square miles (2.20 km ) is water. Dayton's climate features warm, muggy summers and cold, dry winters, and

1482-667: Is moderate, with a normal seasonal accumulation of 23.3 in (59 cm), usually occurring from November to March, occasionally April, and rarely October. Precipitation averages 41.1 inches (1,040 mm) annually, with total rainfall peaking in May. Dayton is subject to severe weather typical of the Midwestern United States. Tornadoes are possible from the spring to the fall. Floods, blizzards, and severe thunderstorms can also occur. On Memorial Day of 2019, Dayton suffered extensive property damage and one death during

1560-567: Is now run by the U.S. federal government, under the Pension Benefit Guarantee Program. Dayton, Ohio Dayton ( / ˈ d eɪ t ən / ) is a city in Montgomery and Greene counties in the U.S. state of Ohio . As of the 2020 census , the city proper had a population of 137,644, making it the sixth-most populous city in Ohio. It anchors the state's fourth-largest metropolitan area,

1638-547: Is still in existence. In 1797, Daniel C. Cooper laid out Mad River Road , the first overland connection between Cincinnati and Dayton, opening the "Mad River Country" to settlement. Ohio was admitted into the Union in 1803, and the village of Dayton was incorporated in 1805 and chartered as a city in 1841. The city was named after Jonathan Dayton , a captain in the American Revolutionary War who signed

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1716-605: The CareSource Management Group finished construction of a $ 55 million corporate headquarters in downtown Dayton. The 300,000-square-foot (28,000 m ), 10-story building was downtown's first new office tower in more than a decade. Dayton's two tallest buildings are the Kettering Tower at 408 ft (124 m) and the KeyBank Tower at 385 ft (117 m). Kettering Tower

1794-549: The Cincinnati Daily Chronicle by an author known as T stated: In a small bend of the Great Miami River, with canals on the east and south, it can be fairly said, without infringing on the rights of others, that Dayton is the gem of all our interior towns. It possesses wealth, refinement, enterprise, and a beautiful country, beautifully developed. In the late 1840s, Major William D. Bickham of

1872-498: The Dayton Journal began a campaign to nickname Dayton the "Gem City." The name was adopted by the city's Board of Trade several years later. Paul Laurence Dunbar referred to the nickname in his poem, "Toast to Dayton", as noted in the following excerpt: She shall ever claim our duty, For she shines—the brightest gem That has ever decked with beauty      Dear Ohio's diadem. Dayton also plays

1950-475: The Dayton metropolitan area , which had 814,049 residents. Dayton is located within Ohio's Miami Valley region, 50 miles (80 km) north of Cincinnati and 60 miles (97 km) west of Columbus . It is the county seat of Montgomery County. Dayton was founded in 1796 along the Great Miami River and named after Jonathan Dayton , a Founding Father who owned a significant amount of land in

2028-752: The Dragster , a so-called " wheelie bike "; and the Sigma , a BMX bike . In 1962, Peter Mole of the John T. Bill & Co contacted Huffman with a concept for producing a bicycle based on a motorcycle, which he called the High Rise . Mole developed the bike based on heavily modified children's bicycles that were becoming popular with pre-teens in Southern California, and which mimicked the appearance of customized "chopper" motorcycles. The High Rise had

2106-631: The Great Miami River by pirogue and landed at what is now St. Clair Street, where they found two small camps of Native Americans . Among the Thompson Party was Benjamin Van Cleve, whose memoirs provide insights into the Ohio Valley's history. Two other groups traveling overland arrived several days later. The oldest surviving building is Newcom Tavern , which was used for various purposes, including housing Dayton's first church , which

2184-497: The National Cash Register Company (NCR). The company manufactured the first mechanical cash registers and played a crucial role in the shaping of Dayton's reputation as an epicenter for manufacturing in the early 1900s. In 1906, Charles F. Kettering , a leading engineer at the company, helped develop the first electric cash register, which propelled NCR into the national spotlight. NCR also helped develop

2262-533: The U.S. Constitution and owned a significant amount of land in the area. In 1827, construction on the Dayton–Cincinnati canal began, which provided a better way to transport goods from Dayton to Cincinnati and contributed significantly to Dayton's economic growth during the 1800s. Innovation led to business growth in the region. In 1884, John Henry Patterson acquired James Ritty's National Manufacturing Company along with his cash register patents and formed

2340-632: The US Navy Bombe , a code-breaking machine that helped crack the Enigma machine cipher during World War II . Dayton has been the home for many patents and inventions since the 1870s. According to the National Park Service , citing information from the U.S. Patent Office , Dayton had granted more patents per capita than any other U.S. city in 1890 and ranked fifth in the nation as early as 1870. The Wright brothers , inventors of

2418-671: The " sissy bar ", and many other stylized features of children's bicycle designs. In 1970, the Huffy Corporation was founded as an umbrella company to house the Huffy Bicycle division, as well as Huffman Manufacturing Company's emerging sporting goods line. Huffman purchased YLCE (Yorba Linda Cycle Enterprises) and converted that Southern California company to a national service company, assembling bicycles and other products for mass merchants such as KMart, Target, Sears, and Walmart. Other divisions were purchased and added to

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2496-558: The 1940s and the 1970s, the city saw significant growth in suburban areas from population migration. Veterans were returning from military service in large numbers seeking industrial and manufacturing jobs, a part of the local industry that was expanding rapidly. Advancements in architecture also contributed to the suburban boom. New, modernized shopping centers and the Interstate Highway System allowed workers to commute greater distances and families to live further from

2574-601: The City of Dayton and community leaders, introduced the Greater Downtown Dayton Plan. It focuses on job creation and retention, infrastructure improvements, housing, recreation, and collaboration. The plan is to be implemented through the year 2020. Dayton is known as the "Gem City". The nickname's origin is uncertain, but several theories exist. In the early 19th century, a well-known racehorse named Gem hailed from Dayton. In 1845, an article published in

2652-602: The Dayton area's economy. Significant institutions in Dayton include the Air Force Institute of Technology , Carillon Historical Park , Dayton Art Institute , Dayton Performing Arts Alliance , National Museum of the United States Air Force , and University of Dayton . Dayton was founded on April 1, 1796, by 12 settlers known as the Thompson Party. They traveled in March from Cincinnati up

2730-612: The Headquarters, Air Force Technical Base. On January 13, 1948, the facility was renamed Wright-Patterson Air Force Base . A catastrophic flood in March 1913, known as the Great Dayton Flood , led to the creation of the Miami Conservancy District , a series of dams as well as hydraulic pumps installed around Dayton, in 1914. Like other cities across the country, Dayton was heavily involved in

2808-563: The Huffman Manufacturing Company. From then until 1949, Huffman continued to manufacture and sell bicycles under the "Dayton" brand. During the 1930s, Huffman participated in the revival of the American cycling industry, during which Horace Huffman commented on a "change of attitude". Although Huffman dabbled in the high-end of the market, they never overcame their entry-level reputation. In 1949, Huffman developed

2886-542: The Huffman stable of companies, including Gerry Baby Products (Denver), Washington Inventory Service (San Diego), Raleigh Bicycle USA (Kent, Washington), and True Temper Garden Products (Pennsylvania). In 1977, the company name was changed from Huffman Manufacturing Company to Huffy Corporation. The growth of the corporation during the 1980s was significant and Huffy (HUF on the New York Stock Exchange)

2964-561: The Huffy Convertible, which was a children's bicycle with rear training wheels and foot steps. The invention of the training wheels revolutionized the market for children's bicycles, and this was the first Huffman bicycle under the Huffy brand. Also in 1949, Huffy started selling push and riding mowers. The company would eventually leave the market in 1975. By 1953, a Huffy logo was created and Huffman switched all its bicycles to

3042-809: The Huffy brand. A few of the most popular models included the Special Roadster, the Racer, the LaFrance, and the Streamliner. Seven years later in 1960, Huffman was the third largest bike manufacturer in the United States. Popular models produced during the heyday of the Huffy Corporation included the RadioBike , which had an electron-tube radio in the tank; the Scout , a 10-speed road bicycle ;

3120-546: The Hydra-Rib basketball systems used by the NBA . By 2006, Huffy had sold more than 100 million bicycles. After years of struggling against the cut-rate Chinese bicycles that set the price target guiding Walmart, Huffy essentially had become a Chinese-owned company. In 1999, Ames acquired True Temper yard tools and golf shafts from Huffy. The design, product development and marketing (majority of all business functions) for Huffy

3198-791: The Mad River, near downtown Dayton. Later named McCook Field for Alexander McDowell McCook, an American Civil War general, this became the Army Signal Corps' primary aviation research and training location. Wilbur Wright also purchased land near Huffman prairie to continue their research. During World War I, the Army purchased 40 acres adjacent to Huffman Prairie for the Fairfield Aviation General Supply Depot. As airplanes developed more capability, they needed more runway space than McCook could offer, and

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3276-533: The NYSE suspended Huffy stock and removed it as a listed stock. Finally, on October 20, 2004, Huffy announced that the Huffy Corporation and all its United States and Canadian subsidiaries would file for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code . The accounting irregularities included the corporate 'misuse' of pension funds. The pension program of Huffy Corp

3354-528: The U.S. market. In November 1964, Huffman Manufacturing Company ran an advertisement for their new Dragster model in Life Magazine , which claimed that Huffman was the first to manufacture a bicycle of the high-rise type. In 1966, Huffman introduced a new long-wheelbase bicycle frame called the Rail . The new frame was approximately 4" to 5" longer than previous models. The new frame became Huffman's base model until 1968. In 1968, in an effort to market

3432-419: The airplane, and Charles F. Kettering , world-renowned for his numerous inventions, hailed from Dayton. The city was also home to James Ritty 's Incorruptible Cashier, the first mechanical cash register, and Arthur E. Morgan 's hydraulic jump, a flood prevention mechanism that helped pioneer hydraulic engineering . Paul Laurence Dunbar , an African-American poet and novelist, penned his most famous works in

3510-620: The airport, monthly mean temperatures range from 27.5 °F (−2.5 °C) in January to 74.1 °F (23.4 °C) in July. The highest temperature ever recorded in Dayton was 108 °F (42 °C) on July 22, 1901, and the coldest was −28 °F (−33 °C) on February 13 during the Great Blizzard of 1899 . On average, there are 14 days of 90 °F (32 °C)+ highs and 4.5 nights of sub-0 °F (−18 °C) lows annually. Snow

3588-496: The area. It grew in the 19th century as a canal town and was home to many patents and inventors , most notably the Wright brothers , who developed the first successful motor-operated airplane . It later developed an industrialized economy and was home to the Dayton Project , a branch of the larger Manhattan Project , to develop polonium triggers used in early atomic bombs. With the decline of heavy manufacturing in

3666-715: The city's rental vacancy rate and thus increase the occupancy rate. Dayton's ten historic neighborhoods— Oregon District , Wright Dunbar , Dayton View , Grafton Hill , McPherson Town , Webster Station , Huffman , Kenilworth , St. Anne's Hill , and South Park —feature mostly single-family houses and mansions in the Neoclassical, Jacobethan , Tudor Revival , English Gothic , Chateauesque , Craftsman , Queen Anne , Georgian Revival , Colonial Revival , Renaissance Revival Architecture, Shingle Style Architecture, Prairie , Mission Revival , Eastlake/Italianate , American Foursquare , and Federal styles. Downtown Dayton

3744-584: The city's public park system, Five Rivers MetroParks , built RiverScape MetroPark, an outdoor entertainment venue that attracts more than 400,000 visitors each year. A new performance arts theater, the Schuster Center , opened in 2003. A large health network in the region, Premier Health Partners , expanded its Miami Valley Hospital with a 12-story tower addition. In 2010, the Downtown Dayton Partnership, in cooperation with

3822-623: The current Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. When the government tried to move development to Langley field in southern Virginia, six Dayton businessmen including Edward A. Deeds, formed the Dayton-Wright Airplane Company in Moraine and established a flying field. Deeds also opened a field to the north in the flood plain of the Great Miami River between the confluences of that river, the Stillwater River, and

3900-659: The cycling community was devastating to Huffy, but not surprising considering the nature of the athletes involved. Huffy spent $ 500,000 to be named the Official Bicycle of the 1996 World Cycling Championships, held in Colorado Springs, the first time the World Championships has been held in the United States. Huffy Bicycles had manufacturing and assembly facilities in Azusa, California (closed in

3978-487: The downtown area. More than 127,000 homes were built in Montgomery County during the 1950s. During this time, the city was the site of several race riots, including one in 1955 following the murder of Emmett Till , the 1966 Dayton race riot , two in 1967 (following a speech by civil rights activist H. Rap Brown and another following the police killing of an African American man), and one in 1968 as part of

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4056-563: The downtown even after the automobile became popular. The main reason for the broad streets was that Dayton was a marketing and shipping center from its beginning; streets were broad to enable wagons drawn by teams of three to four pairs of oxen to turn around. Also, some of today's streets were once barge canals flanked by draw-paths. A courthouse building was built in downtown Dayton in 1888 to supplement Dayton's original Neoclassical courthouse, which still stands. This second, "new" courthouse has since been replaced with new facilities as well as

4134-458: The federal government's National Urban Policy and New Community Development Act of 1970 , funding was provided for thirteen "new towns" or planned cities throughout the country. One location was set to become a suburb of Dayton and was known variously as Brookwood or Newfields. The goal was to have an entirely new suburb that would eventually house about 35,000 residents. The new town was to be located between Trotwood and Brookville, and modeled on

4212-597: The freezing of Lake Erie and associated marshlands led species of waterfowl to appear in the Dayton-area, where surface waters remained unfrozen. Nine varieties of birds have been observed every year in the Dayton area: downy woodpecker , Carolina chickadee , tufted titmouse , brown creeper , cardinal , junco , tree sparrow , song sparrow and crow . Unlike many Midwestern cities its age, Dayton has very broad and straight downtown streets (generally two or three full lanes in each direction) that improved access to

4290-418: The ideas of Ian McHarg . The project was abandoned in 1978 and most of the land became Sycamore State Park . Dayton's city proper population declined significantly from a peak of 262,332 residents in 1960 to 137,644 residents in 2020. This was in part due to the slowdown of the region's manufacturing sector. The metropolitan area as a whole has experienced both population growth and decreases since 1960, with

4368-449: The late 1970s), and Ponca City Oklahoma (closed in the early 1980s), but largely manufactured most of their bicycles in Celina, Ohio, and at one time was Celina's largest employer. At their peak, the bicycle division manufactured over two million bicycles per year and were the largest bicycle manufacturing company outside Asia. By the mid 1990s, Huffy was in deep financial trouble. The U.S. Bicycle industry had consolidated, sharply reducing

4446-435: The late 19th century and became an integral part of the city's history. Powered aviation began in Dayton. Orville and Wilbur Wright were the first to construct and demonstrate powered flight. Although the first flight was in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina , their Wright Flyer was built in and returned to Dayton for improvements and further flights at Huffman Field , a cow pasture eight miles (13 km) northeast of Dayton, near

4524-510: The late 20th century, Dayton's businesses have diversified into a service economy . Ohio's borders are within 500 miles (800 km) of roughly 60 percent of the country's population and manufacturing infrastructure, making Dayton a logistics hub. The city is home to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , a significant contributor to research and development in the industrial, aeronautical , and astronautical engineering fields. Along with defense and aerospace, healthcare accounts for much of

4602-426: The nationwide King assassination riots . Since the 1980s, however, Dayton's population has declined, mainly due to the loss of manufacturing jobs and decentralization of metropolitan areas, as well as the national housing crisis that began in 2008. While much of the state has suffered for similar reasons, the impact on Dayton has been greater than most. Dayton had the third-greatest percentage loss of population in

4680-475: The number of channels for selling bikes. High-volume retailers had claimed three fourths of the U.S. market, gaining tremendous leverage over bicycle makers. Walmart in particular was pressuring Huffy: it ordered 900,000 bikes at one time, but insisted that Huffy lower its prices significantly. To remain a major player in the bicycle market, the Ohio company had little choice but to agree. Even with Huffy's other non-unionized manufacturing plants, it could not make

4758-408: The overall trend leaning towards growth for the metro area. The city's most populous ethnic group, white, declined from 78.1% in 1960 to 51.7% by 2010. As of the census of 2020, there were 137,644 people living in the city, for a population density of 2,466.47 people per square mile (952.31/km ). There were 68,899 housing units. The racial makeup of the city (including Hispanics in the racial counts)

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4836-588: The population were employed, and 24.4% had a bachelor's degree or higher. As of the 2010 census, there were 141,759 people, 58,404 households, and 31,064 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,543.2 inhabitants per square mile (981.9/km ). There were 74,065 housing units at an average density of 1,330.9 per square mile (513.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 51.7% White , 42.9% African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.9% Asian , 1.3% from other races , and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 3.0% of

4914-441: The population. There were 58,404 households, of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.9% were married couples living together, 21.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.8% were non-families. 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

4992-434: The rear of the seat. In mid-1968, Huffman released the Flaming Stack chain guard , which was designed to look like the distinctive side exhaust pipe covers on the Corvette sports car. Later that same year, Huffman released a new Slingshot model with 16" front dragster wheel, and 20" rear. The new 1969 models where the last year for the three-bar Rail frame style. In 1970, Huffman deleted their three-bar frame and went to

5070-411: The region's water supply was cut off. The Dayton Audubon Society is the National Audubon Society 's local chapter. The Dayton chapter manages local activities contributing to the annual, hemisphere-wide Christmas Bird Count . The Chapter began participation in the National Count in 1924. The local Count was initially coordinated by Ben Blincoe, who was succeeded by Jim Hill in 1970. In the mid-1960s,

5148-459: The region, much of which is still in use today. Alan Turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. He visited the National Cash Register (NCR) company in Dayton in December 1942. He was able to show that it was not necessary to build 336 Bombes , so the initial order was scaled down to 96 machines to decipher German Enigma-machine-encrypted secret messages during World War II. Between

5226-632: The same fate for the same reason. Even after subcontracting production to China, where plant workers earned only 25 to 41 cents per hour, it remained unable to operate at a profit. In 1996, the bicycle division received a major blow when U.S. courts ruled that surging imports of low-cost, mass-market bicycles from China did not pose a 'material threat' to the last three major U.S. bicycle manufacturers— Murray Inc. , Roadmaster , and Huffy. Huffy closed its Celina, Ohio, plant in 1998, and quickly thereafter closed two smaller bicycle manufacturing plants (in Farmington, MO. and Southaven, MS.) which had been opened as

5304-524: The state since the 1980s, behind Cleveland and Youngstown. Despite this, Dayton has begun diversifying its workforce from manufacturing into other growing sectors such as healthcare and education. In 1995, the Dayton Agreement , a peace accord between the parties to the hostilities of the conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina and the former Yugoslavia , was negotiated at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , near Fairborn, Ohio, from November 1 to 21. Richard Holbrooke wrote about these events in his memoirs: There

5382-428: The story from every angle, drawing the people deeper into the proceedings. When we ventured into a restaurant or a shopping center downtown, people crowded around, saying that they were praying for us. Warren Christopher was given at least one standing ovation in a restaurant. Families on the airbase placed "candles of peace" in their front windows, and people gathered in peace vigils outside the base. One day they formed

5460-401: The war effort during World War II. Several locations around the city hosted the Dayton Project , a branch of the larger Manhattan Project , to develop polonium triggers used in early atomic bombs. The war efforts led to a manufacturing boom throughout the city, including high-demand for housing and other services. At one point, emergency housing was put into place due to a housing shortage in

5538-447: Was 2.26, and the average family size was 3.03. Sissy bar In the early 1960s some states initiated laws that mandated the use of a bar on the back of a street motorcycle for safety reasons. At the time bikers were not a group particularly concerned with safety, and started referring to the bars as "sissy" bars because they were not happy about having to comply with the new law. Some bikers began making excessively tall sissy bars as

5616-422: Was 38.4. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. According to the U.S. Census American Community Survey , for the period 2016-2020 the estimated median annual income for a household in the city was $ 43,780, and the median income for a family was $ 60,408. About 25.4% of the population were living below the poverty line , including 39.5% of those under age 18 and 21.5% of those age 65 or over. About 53.6% of

5694-415: Was 47.6% White , 40.7% Black or African American , 0.4% Native American , 1.4% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 3.3% from some other race , and 6.6% from two or more races. Separately, 5.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 63,308 households, out of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.5% were married couples living together, 30.9% had

5772-469: Was also a real Dayton out there, a charming Ohio city, famous as the birthplace of the Wright brothers . Its citizens energized us from the outset. Unlike the population of, say, New York City, Geneva or Washington , which would scarcely notice another conference, Daytonians were proud to be part of history. Large signs at the commercial airport hailed Dayton as the "temporary center of international peace." The local newspapers and television stations covered

5850-562: Was built in the hopes of replacing open-air markets throughout the city. Throughout the decades, the Arcade has gone through many transformations but has retained its charm. Some of its main features include a Flemish facade at the Third Street entrance, a glass dome above the Arcade rotunda, and a chateau roof line above the Third Street facade. The Dayton Arcade is currently under renovations with no official completion date set. In 2009,

5928-418: Was led by Mike Melton and Steve Bishop, two legendary custom bicycle builders. Sponsorship of world class and professional cyclists was only partially effective, as famous teams and riders, such as Greg LeMond and the 7-Eleven team used the Huffy sponsorship for financial support while openly maligning the company and even using different bicycles for competition while sponsored by Huffy. The subsequent fallout in

6006-478: Was nearly a Fortune 500 Company. In the 1984 and 1988 Summer Olympics , United States athletes riding Serotta -built bicycles racing under the Huffy brand won two gold medals, two silver medals, and one bronze medal. A technical development center housed in the Huffy Corporate Offices in Dayton, Ohio was formed to research and create next-generation carbon fiber road and time trial bicycles. It

6084-486: Was originally Winters Tower, the headquarters of Winters Bank. The building was renamed after Virginia Kettering when Winters was merged into Bank One . KeyBank Tower was known as the MeadWestvaco Tower before KeyBank gained naming rights to the building in 2008. Ted Rall said in 2015 that over the last five decades Dayton has been demolishing some of its architecturally significant buildings to reduce

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