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89-545: Craig Williams (born May 1, 1983), better known by his ring name , Human Tornado , is an American semi-retired professional wrestler . His character was that of a 1970s blaxploitation street pimp . He performed primarily on the California independent circuit , most prominently for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Empire Wrestling Federation , and Alternative Wrestling Show. He also performed for Ring of Honor , Combat Zone Wrestling , Jersey All Pro Wrestling , and

178-440: A hyphenated surname . In some cases, the individual may adopt a stage name to avoid confusion with other family members who have similar names. Actor Mark Harmon (Thomas Mark Harmon) uses his middle name professionally to avoid confusion with his father Heisman Trophy winner and former broadcaster Tom Harmon (Thomas Dudley Harmon). Stephen Nice , the birth name of the lead singer of Steve Harley and Cockney Rebel , took on

267-449: A legal name . Such professional aliases are adopted for a wide variety of reasons and may be similar or nearly identical to an individual's birth name or be inspired by nicknames or maiden names . Some people take a stage name because their birth name is difficult to pronounce or spell; fell into health and safety issues considerations; is considered unattractive, dull, or unintentionally amusing; or projects an undesired image. Sometimes

356-491: A single leg hop test and self-reported assessment, prehab improved function; these effects were sustained 12 weeks postoperatively. Postsurgical rehabilitation is essential in the recovery from the reconstruction. This typically takes a patient 6 to 12 months to return to life as it was prior to the injury. The rehab can be divided into protection of the graft, improving range of motion, decrease swelling, and regaining muscle control. Each phase has different exercises based on

445-684: A Cornishman, he was probably the first European magician to dress in Chinese costume on stage. Commonly in the music world, especially those of heavy metal , punk rock , industrial , and hip hop , musicians will rename themselves with names more menacing or striking than their birth names. Every member of the punk band Ramones took the pseudonymous "Ramone" surname as part of their collective stage persona. Members of New Zealand art-rock band Split Enz all took their middle names as stage names, so as to keep their private image separate from their public personae. Other performers may assume stage names as

534-656: A challenge because children have open growth plates in the bottom of the femur or thigh bone and on the top of the tibia or shin. An ACL reconstruction typically crosses the growth plates, posing a theoretical risk of injury to the growth plate, stunting leg growth, or causing the leg to grow at an unusual angle. The second study noted focused on adults. It found no significant statistical difference in performance and pain outcomes for patients who receive early ACL reconstruction vs. those who receive physical therapy with an option for later surgery. This would suggest that many patients without instability, buckling, or giving way after

623-940: A child, children would often tease him by calling him " Master Bates "); he adopted the surname "Rhodes" after the keyboard manufacturer of the same name . Diana Dors was born Diana Fluck (one letter away from a profanity ); this prompted her to change her name to a more benign one in order to avoid an accidental obscenity (which could have been exacerbated by her status as a sex symbol ). Some types of music are more associated with stage names than others. For example, hip hop and EDM artists almost always use stage names, whereas "classical" composers and performers rarely do. Classical violinist Amadéus Leopold (born in South Korea as Yoo Hanbin) and opera singers Beverly Sills (born Belle Miriam Silverman), Nellie Melba (born Helen Porter Mitchell) and Jennifer Toye (born Jennifer Gay Bishop) are exceptions. Some Algerian raï musicians use

712-457: A city with a large Polish-American population, Polish-American media personalities typically work freely using their birth names. Sicilian-American actor Espera Oscar de Corti, who built his film career portraying Native Americans , reinvented himself as Iron Eyes Cody . He not only took his stage name as his legal name but eventually began insisting that he actually was Native American . Actress Bernadette Peters (born Bernadette Lazzara)

801-543: A combination of multiple factors, including anatomical, hormonal, genetic, positional, neuromuscular, and environmental factors. The size of the anterior cruciate ligament is often the most reported difference. Studies look at the length, cross-sectional area, and volume of ACLs. Researchers use cadavers, and in vivo placement to study these factors, and most studies confirm that women have smaller anterior cruciate ligaments. Other factors that could contribute to higher risks of ACL tears in women include patient weight and height,

890-504: A common stage surname , the most notable arguably being the Ramones . Recent examples include The Donnas , Those Darlins , Los Campesinos! and Ween . Anterior cruciate ligament The ACL originates from deep within the notch of the distal femur . Its proximal fibers fan out along the medial wall of the lateral femoral condyle . The two bundles of the ACL are the anteromedial and

979-429: A course of rehabilitation can be managed nonoperatively, but was limited to outcomes after two years and did not involve patients who were serious athletes. Patients involved in sports requiring significant cutting, pivoting, twisting, or rapid acceleration or deceleration may not be able to participate in these activities without ACL reconstruction. Risk differences between outcomes in men and women can be attributed to

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1068-588: A face in May by re-forming the tag team Dark & Lovely with Scorpio Sky . The team entered the 2009 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament , but were defeated in the first round by the team of Kenny Omega and Chuck Taylor . On July 31 Tornado re-united with another former tag team partner, El Generico, and together the two of them defeated the PWG World Tag Team Champion The Young Bucks (Matt and Nick Jackson) in

1157-649: A four-way match won by Jason Blade. The following night in New York City he tagged with Delirious in a match, where they were defeated by The Age of the Fall ( Jimmy Jacobs and Tyler Black ). Almost two years later, on January 29, 2010, Tornado returned to ROH, when the company took part in WrestleReunion 4 , competing in a match, where he was defeated by Kevin Steen . Tornado was advertised to take part in

1246-649: A means of distancing themselves from publicly known childhood names that could be considered professionally embarrassing, outlandish, or otherwise inappropriate. Film director Duncan Jones (son of singer David Bowie ) was known publicly as a child as Zowie Bowie. Rappers are known to use stage names, such as Jay-Z (Shawn Carter), 50 Cent (Curtis Jackson), Diddy (Sean Combs), Ludacris (Chris Bridges), Lil Wayne (Dwayne Carter Jr.), and Soulja Boy (DeAndre Way). At times, these artists will use their real names to make some of their material seem more authentic or personal. Eminem (Marshall Mathers) took his stage name from

1335-480: A name identical to a name already familiar to the public (in any field of endeavor) may change their name in order to avoid having their name evoke the other person with the same name. Singer Katy Perry , born Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson, released her self-titled album under the name Katy Hudson, but later used her mother's maiden name to avoid confusion with actress Kate Hudson . A performer may also have had their stage name chosen for them by their agent – such

1424-687: A new last name to avoid comparisons with his uncle, director Francis Ford Coppola , who gave him his big break in the 1982 film Fast Times at Ridgemont High . Conversely, individuals who wish to receive benefits from their family connections may take that person's first or last name. Lon Chaney Sr. 's son Creighton spent a number of years appearing in minor roles before renaming himself Lon Chaney Jr . Likewise, Emilio Estevez and his sister Renee chose not to take their father Martin Sheen 's professional name and use their birth names. Their brother Carlos chose to use their father's professional name, and took

1513-436: A new name. SAG-AFTRA allows any new member to keep their legal name as their stage name, even if another member has the same stage name already, as long as they sign a waiver. Notable examples include: Nathan Lane , whose birth name (Joseph Lane) was already in use; Stewart Granger , born James Stewart; and Michael Keaton , born Michael Douglas. Diane Keaton , whose birth name is Diane Hall, took her mother's maiden name as

1602-401: A new surname, he looked across the street and saw a cinema advertising the film The Caine Mutiny . He later joked that he would be called "Michael The One Hundred and One Dalmatians " if he had looked in the other direction. Actor Pete Postlethwaite was advised to change his surname by peers who quipped that it "would never be put up in lights outside theaters because they couldn't afford

1691-410: A non-contact mechanism such as a sudden change in a direction causing the knee to rotate inward. As the knee rotates inward, additional strain is placed on the ACL, since the femur and tibia, which are the two bones that articulate together forming the knee joint, move in opposite directions, causing the ACL to tear. Most athletes require reconstructive surgery on the ACL, in which the torn or ruptured ACL

1780-588: A non-title match at PWG's sixth anniversary show. However, at the following event the 2 Skinny Black Guys' dreams of regaining the Tag Team Championship were crushed as Chuck Taylor defeated El Generico in a number one contender's match. Tornado entered the 2009 Battle of Los Angeles contested for the vacant PWG World Championship, but was defeated in the quarterfinals of the tournament by Roderick Strong. On January 30, 2010, Tornado defeated Super Crazy in what would turn out to be his final match for

1869-411: A one-on-one match against LeRae the following day and defeated her via disqualification when Hero interfered in the match. After PWG World Champion Low Ki suffered a knee injury, the title was vacated and put up for grabs in a five man tournament . On February 24, 2008, Tornado defeated first Necro Butcher in the first round and then Roderick Strong and Karl Anderson in a three-way final match to win

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1958-438: A performer adopts a name that is unusual or outlandish to attract attention. Some individuals use a stage name because their birth name is already being used by another notable individual, including names that are not exactly the same but still too similar; many guilds and associations that represent actors mandate that no two members may have identical working names. Other performers use a stage name in order to retain anonymity, as

2047-667: A singles match. Tornado returned to CZW on July 14, 2007, to compete in the Best of the Best 7 tournament . He defeated Ruckus in the first round, but was defeated by Joker in the four-way semifinal match. On October 13, Tornado faced Ruckus in a ladder match for the CZW World Heavyweight Championship . Tornado managed to pull down the World Title, but the referee did not see it, due to being distracted by

2136-842: A spelling error by the British Actors' Equity Association ; he preferred the mistake over his original name. In the past, a stage name was often used when a performer's real name was considered to denote a specific ethnicity that faced potential discrimination. In other cases, actors have reinvented themselves with a more ethnic identity, when that gave them an advantage in playing "ethnic" roles. Steven Tyler of Aerosmith changed his name from Steven Victor Tallarico "for more promotional appeal". Historically, Jews in Hollywood were encouraged to anglicize their names to avoid possible discrimination. Examples of such name changes are Danny Kaye and Mel Brooks , both of whom were born with

2225-615: A stage name after learning that there was already a registered actress named Diane Hall in the Actors' Equity Association . Ugly Betty actress Vanessa Williams officially uses "Vanessa L. Williams" because of SAG guidelines, although the other actress with same first and last name ( Vanessa E. Williams ) is arguably less notable. Similarly, David Walliams changed one letter in his surname owing to there being another "David Williams". Terry O'Quinn of Lost fame changed his surname from Quinn to O'Quinn as another registered actor already had

2314-402: Is Anna Marie Duke) had her stage name chosen for her by her first managers. Their choice of the name "Patty" was inspired by another child actress named Patty McCormack . Cary Grant (born Archibald Alec Leach) had his name selected for him by Paramount Pictures . He had been using the name "Cary Lockwood", but the studio decided against it, deeming it too similar to another actor working at

2403-435: Is completely removed and replaced with a piece of tendon or ligament tissue from the patient ( autograft ) or from a donor ( allograft ). Conservative treatment has poor outcomes in ACL injury, since the ACL is unable to form a fibrous clot, as it receives most of its nutrients from synovial fluid ; this washes away the reparative cells, making the formation of fibrous tissue difficult. The two most common sources for tissue are

2492-425: Is dangerous, as some athletes start resuming some of their activities such as jogging, which with a wrong move or twist, could damage the bones, as the graft has not completely become integrated into the bone tunnels. Injured athletes must understand the significance of each step of an ACL injury to avoid complications and ensure a proper recovery. ACL reconstruction is the most common treatment for an ACL tear, but it

2581-457: Is having altered neuromuscular function secondary to diminished somatosensory information. For athletes who participate in sports involving cutting, jumping, and rapid deceleration, the knee must be stable in terminal extension, which is the screw-home mechanism . An ACL tear is one of the most common knee injuries, with over 100,000 tears occurring annually in the US. Most ACL tears are a result of

2670-399: Is important to have rotational stability. This function prevents anterior tibial subluxation of the lateral and medial tibiofemoral joints, which is important for the pivot-shift phenomenon. The ACL has mechanoreceptors that detect changes in direction of movement, position of the knee joint, and changes in acceleration, speed, and tension. A key factor in instability after ACL injuries

2759-582: Is not the only treatment available for individuals. Some may find it more beneficial to complete a nonoperative rehabilitation program. Individuals who are going to continue with physical activity that involves cutting and pivoting, and individuals who are no longer participating in those specific activities both are candidates for the nonoperative route. In comparing operative and nonoperative approaches to ACL tears, few differences were noted between surgical and nonsurgical groups, with no significant differences in regard to knee function or muscle strength reported by

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2848-589: Is often the case for porn stars , especially if they intend on switching careers. The phrase nom de porn is sometimes used to refer to a pornographic actor's stage name, referring to the English use of the French-language phrase for pen name. Some individuals who are related to a celebrity take a different last name so they are not perceived to have received undue advantage from their family connection . Actor Nicolas Cage , born Nicolas Coppola, chose

2937-463: The 2007 Battle of Los Angeles tournament . After the match Tornado assaulted LeRae, who was then saved by Chris Hero , which began a long and heated feud between the two wrestlers. On October 14 Tornado defeated Hero in the first singles match of their feud. After Tornado and his allies Claudio Castagnoli and Eddie Kingston defeated Hero, LeRae and Necro Butcher in a no disqualification six person tag team match on January 5, 2008, Tornado received

3026-698: The 2007 Survival of the Fittest elimination match, where he was the first participant eliminated by the eventual winner, Chris Hero. Two nights later at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California he lost to Chris Hero in a one on one match. He would compete at the ROH show "Reckless Abandon" in Dayton, Ohio on November 30, 2007, where he lost a three-way match with Davey Richards and Erick Stevens . Tornado

3115-528: The House party (dubbed, the Snowflake kick ). Stage name A stage name or professional name is a pseudonym used by performers, authors, and entertainers—such as actors, comedians, singers, and musicians. The equivalent concept among writers is called a nom de plume ( pen name ). In radio, the term "radio name" or "air name" is used. Some performers eventually choose to adopt their stage name as

3204-438: The "h" from his original name, Stumph. It was still pronounced "stump", but the change ensured his audience would not think to pronounce it "stumf". Singer Jason Derulo (known for announcing his name in many of the introductions of his songs) uses the phonetic spelling of his given name, Jason Desrouleaux. Australian actress Yvonne Strahovski adopted a phonetic spelling of her surname Strzechowski as her stage name upon moving to

3293-477: The February 5 and 6 tapings of Ring of Honor Wrestling , but his appearances were cancelled after he suddenly announced his retirement from professional wrestling the day before the first tapings. However, on March 26 he made a surprise return to the company, competing in a six-way match won by Colt Cabana. The following day he was defeated by Shawn Daivari in a singles match. According to reports Tornado wrestled

3382-578: The PWG World Championship for the second time. Shortly afterwards Tornado tore his ACL and dislocated his knee, while wrestling for Juggalo Championship Wrestling , and as a result, his in-ring time was significantly reduced during his second World Title run. After refusing to vacate the title, Tornado was ordered to defend it against the number one contender, Chris Hero, in a steel cage Guerrilla Warfare match on July 6, 2008, at PWG's fifth anniversary show, titled Life During Wartime . At

3471-524: The PWG World Championship. However, his reign would turn out to be a short one, as just one month later, he lost the Championship to his former tag team partner El Generico. After the loss of his title Tornado turned heel and after losing a rematch to Generico on April 8, he laid the blame of losing the title on his newly found valet Candice LeRae . After months of abuse, LeRae finally turned on Tornado on September 1 and cost him his first round match in

3560-469: The SAG, to avoid confusion with James Garner , and retained the name for his writing career. In some cases, attaching a generational suffix is sufficient for guild rules; broadcaster David Lawrence is credited as David H. Lawrence XVII as a result of there being sixteen other David Lawrences in show business at the time he received his SAG card. A person hoping to become successful as an entertainer who has

3649-561: The United States. Andy Warhol dropped an "a" from his original name, Warhola, while couturier Yves Mathieu-Saint-Laurent dropped the first of his two surnames. Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Piero Filiberto Guglielmi adopted the stage name Rudolph Valentino in part because American casting directors found his original surname difficult to pronounce. Singer George Michael (the son of a Greek Cypriot restaurateur in North London)

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3738-427: The best, the surgeon typically chooses the type of graft with which he or she is most comfortable. If rehabilitated correctly, the reconstruction should last. In fact, 92.9% of patients are happy with graft choice. Prehabilitation has become an integral part of the ACL reconstruction process. This means that the patient exercises before getting surgery to maintain factors such as range of motion and strength. Based on

3827-485: The company, when he and El Generico , the team known collectively as the 2 Skinny Black Guys , defeated Arrogance of Chris Bosh and Scott Lost to win the vacant PWG Tag Team Championship . Two months later on October 1, Tornado and Generico lost the titles to the team of Super Dragon and Davey Richards . Afterwards Tornado went on to feud with the PWG World Champion Joey Ryan . During

3916-423: The difference that a well-thought-out name can make to their career. Often a person or group decides on a different name only after they realize that a poorly chosen name gives a bad impression. Actor Michael Caine was born Maurice Micklewhite and chose his new first name because he preferred the sound of it to the less glamorous-sounding "Maurice". He reputedly chose the surname "Caine" because, while deciding on

4005-426: The electricity", but he decided to keep it. In a similar situation, Doris Day (born Doris Kappelhoff) was told by a bandleader that her name would never fit on the marquee, and she thus took the surname "Day" because the song "Day By Day" had become one of her signature tracks. Ching Lau Lauro (1806?–1840) used a Chinese stage name to represent his stage image as a contortionist in Chinese costume. Believed to be

4094-432: The event Hero, with the help of LeRae, defeated Tornado to win the World Title, after which Tornado went on to heal his injuries. Tornado returned to PWG on February 21, 2009, to cash in on his rematch clause against Hero in a three-way match, which also included Colt Cabana . After being pinned by Hero, Tornado, seemingly turning face , attempted to make peace with him, but got blown off. Tornado solidified his position as

4183-764: The events to make up for the two shows he missed in February. On November 10, 2012 Human Tornado returned to CZW in a tag team match against BLK OUT. On April 4, 2013 Human Tornado made his in ring return at Pro Wrestling Syndicate's Super Card Night 1 in Metuchen, New Jersey. On November 16, 2018, Tornado debuted for Game Changer Wrestling , in a losing effort against Penelope Ford at "Joey Janela's LA Confidential." On October 21, 2021 Tornado faced off against Wrestler and Michael Jackson impersonator Santana Jackson at Lucha Wrestling Puroresu's Extreme Lucha Show in Santa Ana California. Tornado would go on to win

4272-561: The feud Tornado defeated the World Champion twice in a row, but both times Ryan was able to walk away with his title, as the first victory came via countout and the second in a non-title match. In the second match Tornado appeared as El Snowflake, the character he portrayed in the Jack Black movie Nacho Libre . Finally, on January 13, 2007, Tornado defeated Ryan in a Guerrilla Warfare match to end his thirteen-month reign and win

4361-491: The field of orthopedic and sports medicine . Many factors should be considered when discussing surgery, including the athlete's level of competition, age, previous knee injury, other injuries sustained, leg alignment, and graft choice. Typically, four graft types are possible, the bone-patella tendon-bone graft, the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (quadrupled hamstring tendon), quadriceps tendon, and an allograft. Although extensive research has been conducted on which grafts are

4450-539: The former Robert Allen Zimmerman's legal name has been Robert Dylan ( Bob Dylan ) since he changed it in New York City Supreme Court in August 1962. Elton John was born Reginald Kenneth Dwight but changed his name by deed poll , making Elton Hercules John his real name. When he was knighted , he became Sir Elton Hercules John rather than Sir Reginald Kenneth Dwight. Similarly, Freddie Mercury

4539-406: The graft is pulled through the bone tunnels, two screws are placed into the tibial and femoral bone tunnel. Recovery time usually ranges between one and two years, but is sometimes longer, depending if the patient chose an autograft or allograft. A week or so after the occurrence of the injury, the athlete is usually deceived by the fact that he/she is walking normally and not feeling much pain. This

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4628-475: The injury and are causing an impairment. The use of therapeutic exercises and appropriate therapeutic modalities is crucial during this phase to assist in repairing the impairments from the injury. The neuromuscular training phase is used to focus on the patient regaining full strength in both the lower extremity and the core muscles. This phase begins when the patient regains full range of motion, no effusion, and adequate lower extremity strength. During this phase,

4717-399: The ligaments. In the event of an autograft, the surgeon makes a larger cut to get the needed tissue. In the event of an allograft, in which material is donated, this is not necessary, since no tissue is taken directly from the patient's own body. The surgeon drills a hole forming the tibial bone tunnel and femoral bone tunnel, allowing for the patient's new ACL graft to be guided through. Once

4806-514: The match by pinfall. Current as of 2024, Craig Williams is touring with the Micro Mania Midget Wrestling tour. Williams appeared briefly in the 2006 sports-comedy film, Nacho Libre , as the luchador El Snowflake who competed in a battle royal , but did not succeed in winning. El Snowflake is based on Williams's Human Tornado gimmick, complete with similar ring gear, and the use of his real-life signature move,

4895-545: The name Charlie Sheen . Some children born outside marriage to a (usually male) celebrity parent have done the same: Jett Williams (née Antha Bell Jett) and Scott Eastwood (né Scott Clinton Reeves) each use their fathers' last names; while others have not: Joseph Baena , son of Arnold Schwarzenegger , chose not to use his father's last name. Women who achieve fame after marriage often use their married name as part of their professional name, while women who achieved fame before marriage may continue to use their maiden name or

4984-545: The name Jim Gardner because of the thought that there were too many people with Jewish last names on staff. Ramón Estévez changed his name to Martin Sheen as he felt it affected his job prospects owing to racial discrimination and bias, although he maintains his birth name for legal documents such as his passport; his sons made divergent choices: Carlos Irwin Estévez is now Charlie Sheen , while Emilio Estevez left his name unchanged. German-born actor Hans Gudegast adopted

5073-540: The name Terrance Quinn. Long-time Simpsons writer and Futurama executive producer David X. Cohen changed his middle initial from S to X because there was already a David S. Cohen registered with the Writers Guild of America. Julianne Moore was born Julie Anne Smith but found that all variations of that name were already used by other actors. Former American football player Thomas Q. Jones added his middle initial to his name when he began acting, as his name

5162-399: The patellar ligament and the hamstrings tendon. The patellar ligament is often used, since bone plugs on each end of the graft are extracted, which helps integrate the graft into the bone tunnels during reconstruction. The surgery is arthroscopic, meaning that a tiny camera is inserted through a small surgical cut. The camera sends video to a large monitor so the surgeon can see any damage to

5251-434: The patient begins running, and can do aquatic workouts to help with reducing joint stresses and cardiorespiratory endurance. Phase four includes multiplanar movements, thus enhancing a running program and beginning agility and plyometric drills. Lastly, phase five focuses on sport- or life-specific motions, depending on the patient. A 2010 Los Angeles Times review of two medical studies discussed whether ACL reconstruction

5340-444: The patient completes advanced balance, proprioception , cardiovascular conditioning, and neuromuscular interventions. In the final, return to sport phase, the patient focuses on sport-specific activities and agility. A functional performance brace is suggested to be used during the phase to assist with stability during pivoting and cutting activities. Anterior cruciate ligament surgery is a complex operation that requires expertise in

5429-411: The patients' needs. For example, while the ligament is healing, a patient's joint should not be used for full weight-bearing, but the patient should strengthen the quadriceps and hamstrings by doing quad sets and weight shifting drills. Phase two would require full weight-bearing and correcting gait patterns, so exercises such as core strengthening and balance exercises would be appropriate. In phase three,

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5518-434: The patients. The main goals to achieve during rehabilitation (rehab) of an ACL tear is to regain sufficient functional stability, maximize full muscle strength, and decrease risk of reinjury. Typically, three phases are involved in nonoperative treatment - the acute phase, the neuromuscular training phase, and the return to sport phase. During the acute phase, the rehab is focusing on the acute symptoms that occur right after

5607-501: The performer, such as Lady Gaga . At times the line may be blurred between the name of an act and the stage name of the lead. Many performers refer to their stage name as their "professional name". For instance David Jones became David Bowie in order to avoid confusion with Davy Jones of the Monkees but retained Jones as his legal name. In some cases, performers subsequently adopt their stage name as their legal name. For instance,

5696-438: The posterolateral, named according to where the bundles insert into the tibial plateau. The tibial plateau is a critical weight-bearing region on the upper extremity of the tibia . The ACL attaches in front of the intercondyloid eminence of the tibia, where it blends with the anterior horn of the medial meniscus . The purpose of the ACL is to resist the motions of anterior tibial translation and internal tibial rotation; this

5785-544: The prefix Cheb (for men) or Chaba (Chebba) for women. Both Arabic words mean "young" (e.g. as in Cheb Khaled , or "Young Khaled"). John Paul Jones of Led Zeppelin was born John Richard Baldwin. This is still his legal name. John Paul Jones being his professional name. Some performers take a series of different stage names. The British pop singer who was successful in the 1970s as Alvin Stardust previously went by

5874-533: The promotion, as on February 4, he suddenly announced his retirement from professional wrestling on his Facebook page. On February 27 at As the Worm Turns Tornado gave a retirement speech to the PWG audience. In early 2006 Tornado took part in the tapings of the first season Wrestling Society X . The shows were taped in late 2006 and aired on MTV in 2007. At the tapings Tornado defeated Luke Hawx and

5963-827: The pronunciation of his initials (M and M), and later used his real name at various public events and as an alter ego after his real name gained recognition following the release of his multi-platinum album The Marshall Mathers LP . LL Cool J (James Todd Smith) referenced his real name on the albums Mr. Smith and Todd Smith . Queen Latifah (Dana Owens) released The Dana Owens Album after changing her focus from hip-hop to jazz. Xzibit (Alvin Joiner) has also been credited by his real name when acting in several television shows. Some performers and artists may choose to simplify their name to make it easier to spell and pronounce, and easier for others to remember. For instance, Fall Out Boy vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stump removed

6052-567: The rest of BLKOUT and in the end Ruckus was able to retain his title. After the match Tornado and Ruckus made peace and Tornado has not returned to the company since. Human Tornado debuted in Juggalo Championship Wrestling during the first season of SlamTV! at Westside Wars . Alongside tag team partner Nosawa , he defeated Mad Man Pondo and Necro Butcher. Tornado continued with a successful singles run through episode 11. The following week, he and Zach Gowen formed

6141-721: The salary was better. Guilds and associations that represent actors, such as the SAG-AFTRA (formed from a 2012 merger between the Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists ) in the United States and Equity in the United Kingdom , stipulate that no two members may have identical working names. An actor whose name has already been taken must choose

6230-450: The second episode, Human Tornado saw heel manager Scott D'Amore leaving Kennedy's dressing room and grew suspicious. During the third episode, filmed on April 25, Tornado landed awkwardly while entering the ring and legitimately suffered severe injuries to his knee. The following week, Kennedy attacked Gowen after the team lost their match against The Bloody Brothers. Human Tornado ran into the ring to save Gowen, forcing Kennedy to retreat to

6319-518: The second round by The Kings of Wrestling (Chris Hero and Claudio Castagnoli). After the match Ruckus and Sabian turned on Tornado and kicked him out of the BLKOUT. Later in the evening, after Nick Gage suffered an injury, Tornado took his place in the finals of the tournament, teaming up with Justice Pain , but was once again defeated by the Kings of Wrestling. On December 9 Ruckus defeated Tornado in

6408-569: The short-lived MTV promotion Wrestling Society X . Human Tornado is a former two-time PWG World Champion and one-time PWG World Tag Team Champion (with El Generico ). Five months after his professional wrestling debut on the Californian independent circuit, Human Tornado made his debut for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla on April 17, 2004, in a tag team match, where he and Supa Badd were defeated by Charles Mercury and Top Gun Talwar. On August 19, 2005, Tornado won his first Championship with

6497-411: The stage name Steve Harley after realising that his on stage persona differed greatly from his real-life persona, and as a result feeling that he was no longer "Ronald and Joyce's [Harley's Parents] little boy" when on stage. Comedian Amos Muzyad Yaqoob Kairouz adopted the stage name Danny Thomas , largely because he did not want his friends and family to know he had gone back into working clubs where

6586-538: The stage name of Eric Braeden . Actors Anthony Quinn and Anne Bancroft were advised to anglicize their names because 'Antonio Rodolfo Quinn Oaxaca' and 'Anna Maria Louisa Italiano', respectively, were considered too 'ethnic' for Hollywood and Broadway at the time. Eydie Gorme (born Edith Garmezano), Sophia Loren (born Sofia Villani Scicolone), Charles Bronson (born Charles Dennis Buchinsky), and Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino), are four more well-known examples of this trend. Broadcaster Dave Roberts

6675-582: The stage name of Shane Fenton in the 1960s. He had been born Bernard William Jewry . Some performers will use different names in different settings. Charles Thompson, singer-songwriter for the alternative band the Pixies , was known in that band as Black Francis . He was called Frank Black as a solo performer and again called Black Francis in a reunited Pixies. Unlike Hollywood stage names, many musical artists' stage names are obviously not personal names, but they may still end up universally used to refer to

6764-582: The stage, where Scott D'Amore met with him. The following week, a match was set for Bloodymania II where Pimp & Gimp Connection were to take on Conrad Kennedy and a mystery partner. As a result of Gowen legitimately no-showing the event, the match was scrapped and Tornado teamed with The Weedman in a loss to JCW Tag Team Champions The Bloody Brothers ( Ian and Lane). Human Tornado made his Ring of Honor debut on October 19, 2007 in Las Vegas, Nevada defeating Shane Hagadorn and Tony Kozina to make it to

6853-503: The surname Kaminsky, the original two lineups of The Three Stooges (born Moses Horwitz, Jerome Horwitz, Samuel Horwitz and Louis Feinberg) and Woody Allen (born Allen Konigsberg). Jon Stewart claims that he did not anglicize his name for career reasons, but because of his estranged relationship with his father. Israeli-American Natalie Portman , born Natalie Hershlag, changed her name allegedly to protect her privacy. James Goldman, retired television anchorman, has stated that he chose

6942-500: The tag team Pimp & Gimp Connection . The team made an immediate impact and earned themselves a spot in the 8 Team Tag-Team Elimination match for the JCW Tag Team Championship at Bloodymania . The team failed to capture the championship after Gowen was eliminated by Doug Basham . In the following season, Gowen formed a new tag team with Conrad Kennedy , leaving Tornado to return to singles competition. In

7031-406: The time. Cary and the studio eventually settled on "Cary Grant" (Grant thought the letters "C" and "G" to be lucky: they had brought previous success for both Clark Gable and Gary Cooper ). Joan Crawford , born Lucille Fay LeSueur, had her name changed as a result of a magazine poll organised by her studio, MGM . Gorden Kaye (born Gordon Kaye) had one letter in his first name changed owing to

7120-489: The wake of the summer of 2020 , to honor her Japanese heritage; she had originally used Bloom, an English equivalent to Sakura (meaning cherry blossom ) out of a fear of typecasting. Another consideration in choosing a stage name is the ease of use. The Actors' Equity Association (AEA) advises performers to select a name that is easy for others to pronounce, spell, and remember. Some performers, while paying great attention to their skills and abilities, give little thought to

7209-439: Was advisable. One study found that children under 14 who had ACL reconstruction fared better after early surgery than those who underwent a delayed surgery. For adults 18 to 35, though, patients who underwent early surgery followed by rehabilitation fared no better than those who had rehabilitative therapy and a later surgery. The first report focused on children and the timing of an ACL reconstruction. ACL injuries in children are

7298-416: Was already taken. The rumor that Michael Keaton changed his surname because of an attraction to actress Diane Keaton is incorrect; he chose Keaton because of an affinity for the physical comedy of Buster Keaton . A middle name may be adopted in preference to changing a name. American author James Finn Garner , born James Edward Garner, adopted his mother's maiden name for a middle name after joining

7387-462: Was born David T. Boreanaz but was known professionally as Dave Thomas and later Dave Roberts as ethnic surnames were discouraged when he first began his career during the 1950s; his son, actor David Boreanaz , chose not to adopt a stage name. The use of stage names for ethnic purposes may vary widely depending on the media market the personality is representing. For example, in Buffalo, New York ,

7476-559: Was born Farrokh Bulsara, but legally changed his name concurrently with the formation of Queen . Elvis Costello (born Declan MacManus), who had adopted his professional name as a legal name, changed it back to his birth name in 1986. Another example is Marvin Lee Aday, known by his stage name Meat Loaf . In a similar way, actress and singer Miley Cyrus was born Destiny Hope Cyrus but found "Miley" more comfortable, making it her legal name. Entire musical groups have been known to adopt

7565-467: Was born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou. Some surnames may carry unfortunate connotations. Hal Linden , born Harold Lipshitz, adopted his stage name for fear that the embedded obscenity in his original surname could cost him work. Ralph Lauren 's brother (who was his guardian) changed their family name from Lifshitz for a similar reason: fear of mockery. Duran Duran 's Nick Rhodes , born Nicholas James Bates, changed his name to escape childhood ridicule (as

7654-417: Was defeated by 6-Pac . He was also involved in a short feud with Jack Evans , which included a dance-off on WSXtra and a ten-minute time limit draw in the main event of the final episode of WSX. On October 14, 2006, Tornado made his debut for Combat Zone Wrestling as part of the stable BLKOUT . Tornado and Ruckus entered the tournament to crown the new CZW World Tag Team Champions , but were defeated in

7743-653: Was encouraged as a child actress to use her father's first name, Peter as her last name by her mother to avoid being type-cast in Italian roles. Chloe Bennet had used her birth name, Chloe Wang, for her singing career in China, along with a short-lived TeenNick music series. She started using the surname Bennet, after her father's first name, when she failed to be welcomed by Hollywood agents . In reverse, Nichole Bloom, an actress with mixed Japanese-Irish parentage, changed her stage name to her birth name of Nichole Sakura in

7832-580: Was scheduled to appear on the December 1, 2007, ROH show in Chicago, Illinois (which was then called Trios Tournament 2007 ), but he, along with Jack Evans, Ruckus, and Necro Butcher, all got into a weather-related car accident on their way to the show. Jack suffered a concussion, but the other passengers were unharmed. On February 22, 2008, in Long Island, New York , Tornado made his return to ROH in

7921-966: Was the case with Barbara Eden , born Barbara Jean Huffman – or, in the heyday of the Hollywood studios, by a movie studio. Joan Rivers (born Joan Alexandra Molinsky) went one step further and named herself after a former agent, Tony Rivers, after he told her to change her name. In the non-English-speaking world, an example is the Taiwanese Mandopop girl group S.H.E (composed of Selina Jen , Hebe Tian , and Ella Chen ), whose members' English names were chosen by their manager after taking personality tests . Rockabilly musician Glen Glenn (real name Orin Glen Troutman) had an involuntary name change bestowed upon him in 1956; while he originally performed as Glen Trout, he became Glen Glenn. Former child star Patty Duke (whose real name

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