Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol ( ISAKMP ) is a protocol defined by RFC 2408 for establishing security association (SA) and cryptographic keys in an Internet environment. ISAKMP only provides a framework for authentication and key exchange and is designed to be key exchange independent; protocols such as Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys (KINK) provide authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP. For example: IKE describes a protocol using part of Oakley and part of SKEME in conjunction with ISAKMP to obtain authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP, and for other security associations such as AH and ESP for the IETF IPsec DOI.
8-398: ISAKMP defines the procedures for authenticating a communicating peer, creation and management of Security Associations , key generation techniques and threat mitigation (e.g. denial of service and replay attacks). As a framework, ISAKMP typically utilizes IKE for key exchange, although other methods have been implemented such as Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys . A Preliminary SA
16-769: A common framework is required for agreeing to the format of SA attributes and for negotiating, modifying and deleting SAs. ISAKMP serves as this common framework. ISAKMP can be implemented over any transport protocol. All implementations must include send and receive capability for ISAKMP using UDP on port 500. OpenBSD first implemented ISAKMP in 1998 via its isakmpd(8) software. The IPsec Services Service in Microsoft Windows handles this functionality. The KAME project implements ISAKMP for Linux and most other open source BSDs . Modern Cisco routers implement ISAKMP for VPN negotiation. Leaked NSA presentations released by Der Spiegel indicate that ISAKMP
24-458: A consistent framework for transferring key and authentication data which is independent of the key generation technique, encryption algorithm and authentication mechanism. ISAKMP is distinct from key exchange protocols in order to cleanly separate the details of security association management (and key management) from the details of key exchange. There may be many different key exchange protocols, each with different security properties. However,
32-486: A data encryption algorithm, public key , or initialization vector. To make things easier, all of this security information is grouped logically, and the logical group itself is a Security Association. Each SA has its own ID called SAID. So both the base station and mobile subscriber will share the SAID, and they will derive all the security parameters. In other words, an SA is a logical group of security parameters that enable
40-442: Is a simplex (one-way channel) and logical connection which endorses and provides a secure data connection between the network devices. The fundamental requirement of an SA arrives when the two entities communicate over more than one channel. Take, for example, a mobile subscriber and a base station . The subscriber may subscribe itself to more than one service. Therefore, each service may have different service primitives, such as
48-459: Is being exploited in an unknown manner to decrypt IPSec traffic, as is IKE . The researchers who discovered the Logjam attack state that breaking a 1024-bit Diffie–Hellman group would break 66% of VPN servers, 18% of the top million HTTPS domains, and 26% of SSH servers, which is consistent with the leaks according to the researchers. Security association A security association ( SA )
56-590: Is formed using this protocol; later a fresh keying is done. ISAKMP defines procedures and packet formats to establish, negotiate, modify and delete Security Associations. SAs contain all the information required for execution of various network security services, such as the IP layer services (such as header authentication and payload encapsulation), transport or application layer services or self-protection of negotiation traffic. ISAKMP defines payloads for exchanging key generation and authentication data. These formats provide
64-657: Is the establishment of shared security attributes between two network entities to support secure communication. An SA may include attributes such as: cryptographic algorithm and mode; traffic encryption key; and parameters for the network data to be passed over the connection. The framework for establishing security associations is provided by the Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP). Protocols such as Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys (KINK) provide authenticated keying material. An SA
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