An urban university (which in some cases may be referred to as an urban-grant university or metropolitan university ) is a U.S. term for an institution of higher learning that is socially involved and serves as a resource for educating the citizens and improving the health of the city or region in which it is located. That is, the urban university must be “of” the city as well as “in” the city. A metropolitan university includes a similar mission; however, its research has national and international implications and its student body includes a significant number of international students . Many institutions have further defined what urban and metropolitan universities encompass.
47-590: Indiana University Indianapolis ( IU Indianapolis or IU Indy ) is an urban public research university located in Indianapolis, Indiana , and is a core campus of the Indiana University system . It was founded on July 1, 2024 after its predecessor institution, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), split into IU Indianapolis and Purdue University in Indianapolis . It
94-513: A branch of its applied research institute on or near the IUPUI campus. IU will provide certain administrative services to both academic organizations. This article about a university or college in Indiana is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Urban university The Committee on Urban Programs defines an urban university as having "a campus located in a major urban area and
141-453: A case-by-case basis and may lead to unreasonably harsh penalties for crimes. Within the field of healthcare, quality of life is often regarded in terms of how a certain ailment affects a patient on an individual level. This may be a debilitating weakness that is not life-threatening; life-threatening illness that is not terminal; terminal illness; the predictable, natural decline in the health of an elder; an unforeseen mental/physical decline of
188-549: A closely meshed and intertwined mission, milieu, and environment. An operational definition of the urban or metropolitan university would incorporate both its setting and the constituency it serves. The Coalition of Urban and Metropolitan Universities and the Coalition of Urban Serving Universities provide several criteria applying to such institutions in the United States: More than six dozen universities in
235-548: A given city or nation. Two widely known measures of livability are the Economist Intelligence Unit 's Where-to-be-born Index and Mercer's Quality of Living Reports . These two measures calculate the livability of countries and cities around the world, respectively, through a combination of subjective life-satisfaction surveys and objective determinants of quality of life such as divorce rates, safety, and infrastructure. Such measures relate more broadly to
282-600: A given society. The HDI is used by the United Nations Development Programme in their Human Development Report . However, since 2010, The Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the original HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality ), while the original HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or
329-463: A guide for the use of subjective well-being metrics in 2013. In the U.S., cities and communities are using a GNH metric at a grassroots level. The Social Progress Index measures the extent to which countries provide for the social and environmental needs of their citizens. Fifty-two indicators in the areas of basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing, and opportunity show the relative performance of nations. The index uses outcome measures when there
376-807: A loved one; or chronic, end-stage disease processes. Researchers at the University of Toronto's Quality of Life Research Unit define quality of life as "The degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his or her life" (UofT). Their Quality of Life Model is based on the categories "being", "belonging", and "becoming"; respectively who one is, how one is connected to one's environment, and whether one achieves one's personal goals, hopes, and aspirations. Experience sampling studies show substantial between-person variability in within-person associations between somatic symptoms and quality of life. Hecht and Shiel measure quality of life as "the patient's ability to enjoy normal life activities" since life quality
423-437: A national or international scale, but rather attempt to improve the quality of life for individuals or communities. One example would be sponsorship programs that provide material aid for specific individuals. Although many organizations of this type may still talk about fighting poverty, the methods are significantly different. Improving quality of life involves action not only by NGOs but also by governments . Global health has
470-503: A particular society. The different ways that quality of life is defined by institutions, therefore, shape how these organizations work for its improvement as a whole. Organisations such as the World Bank , for example, declare a goal of "working for a world free of poverty", with poverty defined as a lack of basic human needs, such as food, water, shelter, freedom, access to education, healthcare, or employment. In other words, poverty
517-488: A range of disciplines and scales, and recent work on subjective well-being (SWB) surveys and the psychology of happiness have spurred renewed interest. Perhaps the most commonly used international measure of development is the Human Development Index (HDI), which combines measures of life expectancy, education, and standard of living, in an attempt to quantify the options available to individuals within
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#1732776112545564-595: A result, European and North American nations do not dominate this measure. The 2012 list is instead topped by Costa Rica , Vietnam and Colombia . In 2010, Gallup researchers trying to find the world's happiest countries found Denmark to be at the top of the list. For the period 2014–2016, Norway surpasses Denmark to be at the top of the list. A 2010 study by two Princeton University professors looked at 1,000 randomly selected U.S. residents over an extended period. It concludes that their life evaluations – that is, their considered evaluations of their life against
611-615: A result, standard of living should not be taken to be a measure of happiness. Also, sometimes considered related is the concept of human security , though the latter may be considered at a more basic level and for all people. Unlike per capita GDP or standard of living , both of which can be measured in financial terms, it is harder to make objective or long-term measurements of the quality of life experienced by nations or other groups of people. Researchers have begun in recent times to distinguish two aspects of personal well-being: Emotional well-being , in which respondents are asked about
658-525: A stated scale of one to ten – rise steadily with income. On the other hand, their reported quality of emotional daily experiences (their reported experiences of joy , affection , stress , sadness , or anger ) levels off after a certain income level (approximately $ 75,000 per year in 2010); income above $ 75,000 does not lead to more experiences of happiness nor to further relief of unhappiness or stress. Below this income level, respondents reported decreasing happiness and increasing sadness and stress, implying
705-486: A substantial number of commuter students . It provides a broad range of undergraduate , professional , and graduate programs , and makes all levels of higher education more accessible to students living in the urban community. Through urban-oriented education, research, and service strategies, an urban university manifests a deep sense of responsibility to its urban constituencies and attempts to assist them in coping with their problems." In 1995, P.E. Mulhollan authored
752-402: A yearly study on digital well-being across 121 countries created by Surfshark . It indexes each country according to five pillars that impact a population's digital quality of life: internet affordability, internet quality, electronic infrastructure, electronic security, and electronic government. The term quality of life is also used by politicians and economists to measure the livability of
799-557: Is Indiana 's primary urban research and academic health sciences institution. It is located in downtown Indianapolis along the White River and Fall Creek . Among more than 550 degree programs, the university hosts the primary campuses for both the Indiana University School of Medicine , the largest medical school in the country, and the Indiana University School of Dentistry , the only dental school in
846-485: Is defined as a low quality of life. Using this definition, the World Bank works towards improving quality of life through the stated goal of lowering poverty and helping people afford a better quality of life. Other organizations, however, may also work towards improved global quality of life using a slightly different definition and substantially different methods. Many NGOs do not focus at all on reducing poverty on
893-477: Is sometimes used to refer to public institutions with large part-time and commuter student bodies. Such usage sometimes tacitly assumes relatively low academic standards as implicit in the student body's low income and part-time, commuter status. Clearly, such criteria are not necessary to the definition of an urban university and may reflect subtle racism and classism that tacitly equates certain groups with lower academic abilities and achievement. Insofar as this
940-575: Is strongly related to wellbeing without suffering from sickness and treatment. There are multiple assessments available that measure Health-Related Quality of Life, e.g., AQoL-8D , EQ5D – Euroqol , 15D , SF-36 , SF-6D , HUI . Quality of life has been deemed an important concept in the field of international development because it allows development to be analyzed on a measure that is generally accepted as more comprehensive than standard of living. Within development theory , however, there are varying ideas concerning what constitutes desirable change for
987-720: Is sufficient data available or the closest possible proxies. Day-Reconstruction Method was another way of measuring happiness, in which researchers asked their subjects to recall various things they did on the previous day and describe their mood during each activity. Being simple and approachable, this method required memory and the experiments have confirmed that the answers that people give are similar to those who repeatedly recalled each subject. The method eventually declined as it called for more effort and thoughtful responses, which often included interpretations and outcomes that do not occur to people who are asked to record every action in their daily lives. The Digital Quality of Life Index -
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#17327761125451034-452: Is the subjective state of mind. By using that mentality, citizens of a developing country appreciate more since they are content with the basic necessities of health care, education and child protection. According to ecological economist Robert Costanza : While Quality of Life (QOL) has long been an explicit or implicit policy goal, adequate definition and measurement have been elusive. Diverse "objective" and "subjective" indicators across
1081-402: Is true, urban universities have been criticized for contributing to institutional racism . The history of university-community relations in 20th century America was characterized by periods of optimism and innovative action followed by disillusionment. During the years when cities were rapidly growing as a result of immigration and migration from the countryside , academics contributed to
1128-606: The Ohio State University Health Sciences Center for Global Health and the ASU School of Sustainability's Global Institute of Sustainability , research initiatives addressing regional issues are utilized to answer questions on a national and global scale. This is accomplished by sharing technology and innovation with international organizations, research institutes, and serving as models for other research universities . At one time
1175-710: The United States would qualify as urban or metropolitan universities under these criteria; however, most land-grant universities are not traditionally considered urban or metropolitan. Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , George Washington University , New York University , Syracuse University , University of California at Los Angeles , Rutgers University , University of Minnesota , Portland State University , University of Louisville , Temple University , University of Washington and University of Nebraska Omaha are examples of well-known urban and metropolitan universities. The term urban university
1222-444: The broken windows theory , which asserts that relatively minor problems left unattended (such as litter, graffiti , or public urination by homeless individuals) send a subliminal message that disorder, in general, is being tolerated, and as a result, more serious crimes will end up being committed (the analogy being that a broken window left broken shows an image of general dilapidation). Wilson's theories have been used to justify
1269-649: The Human Development Index, the PQLI is notable for Morris's attempt to show a "less fatalistic pessimistic picture" by focusing on three areas where global quality of life was generally improving at the time, while ignoring gross national product and other possible indicators that were not improving. The Happy Planet Index , introduced in 2006, is unique among quality of life measures in that, in addition to standard determinants of well-being, it uses each country's ecological footprint as an indicator. As
1316-478: The additional responsibility of providing leadership to its metropolitan region by using its human and financial resources to improve the region's quality of life ." Furthermore, metropolitan universities like Arizona State University , Ohio State University , University of North Carolina at Charlotte and Florida International University also focus on national as well as global initiatives and issues regarding global sustainability . Through institutes such as
1363-595: The campus, including the IU Michael A. Carroll Track & Soccer Stadium and Indiana University Natatorium , the largest indoor pool in the United States with a seating capacity of 4,700. A new 4,500-seat athletics center for basketball , volleyball , and other uses will be erected on the campus for $ 110 million. On August 12, 2022, the boards of trustees of both Purdue and IU announced that IUPUI would split into two separate universities, with completion of
1410-419: The culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns". Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth , employment , the environment , physical and mental health , education , recreation and leisure time , social belonging , religious beliefs , safety , security and freedom . QOL has a wide range of contexts, including
1457-485: The fields of international development , healthcare , politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health. One approach, called the engaged theory , outlined in the journal of Applied Research in the Quality of Life , posits four domains in assessing quality of life: ecology, economics, politics and culture. In the domain of culture, for example, it includes
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1504-482: The final score. Happiness is already recognized as an important concept in global public policy. The World Happiness Report indicates that some regions have in recent years been experiencing progressive inequality of happiness. The Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) is a measure developed by sociologist M. D. Morris in the 1970s, based on basic literacy, infant mortality, and life expectancy. Although not as complex as other measures, and now essentially replaced by
1551-439: The following subdomains of quality of life: Under this conception, other frequently related concepts include freedom , human rights , and happiness . However, since happiness is subjective and difficult to measure, other measures are generally given priority. It has also been shown that happiness, as much as it can be measured, does not necessarily increase correspondingly with the comfort that results from increasing income. As
1598-762: The implementation of zero tolerance policies by many prominent American mayors , most notably Oscar Goodman in Las Vegas , Richard Riordan in Los Angeles , Rudolph Giuliani in New York City and Gavin Newsom in San Francisco . Such policies refuse to tolerate even minor crimes; proponents argue that this will improve the quality of life of local residents. However, critics of zero tolerance policies believe that such policies neglect investigation on
1645-537: The maximum level of HDI) that could be achieved if there was no inequality." The World Happiness Report is a landmark survey on the state of global happiness. It ranks 156 countries by their happiness levels, reflecting growing global interest in using happiness and substantial well-being as an indicator of the quality of human development. Its growing purpose has allowed governments, communities and organizations to use appropriate data to record happiness in order to enable policies to provide better lives. The reports review
1692-511: The pain of life's misfortunes, including disease , divorce , and being alone , is exacerbated by poverty . Gross national happiness and other subjective measures of happiness are being used by the governments of Bhutan and the United Kingdom. The World Happiness report, issued by Columbia University is a meta-analysis of happiness globally and provides an overview of countries and grassroots activists using GNH. The OECD issued
1739-470: The population of a city, state, or country, not to individual quality of life. Livability has a long history and tradition in urban design , and neighborhoods design standards such as LEED-ND are often used in an attempt to influence livability. Some crimes against property (e.g., graffiti and vandalism ) and some " victimless crimes " have been referred to as "quality-of-life crimes". American sociologist James Q. Wilson encapsulated this argument as
1786-444: The potential to achieve greater political presence if governments were to incorporate aspects of human security into foreign policy . Stressing individuals' basic rights to health, food, shelter, and freedom addresses prominent inter-sectoral problems negatively impacting today's society, and may lead to greater action and resources. Integration of global health concerns into foreign policy may be hampered by approaches that are shaped by
1833-477: The present decade, new models for university-community partnerships and cooperation have evolved and civic engagement has been linked more closely with the educational mission of the urban and metropolitan university. Quality of life Quality of life ( QOL ) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of
1880-433: The quality of their everyday emotional experiences – the frequency and intensity of their experiences of, for example, joy, stress, sadness, anger and affection – and life evaluation , in which respondents are asked to think about their life in general and evaluate it against a scale. Such and other systems and scales of measurement have been in use for some time. Research has attempted to examine
1927-415: The relationship between quality of life and productivity. There are many different methods of measuring quality of life in terms of health care, wealth, and materialistic goods. However, it is much more difficult to measure meaningful expression of one's desires. One way to do so is to evaluate the scope of how individuals have fulfilled their own ideals. Quality of life can simply mean happiness , which
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1974-520: The search for solutions to urban problems and played a major role in the Progressive movement . After World War I , research became increasingly esoteric, its focus shifting to national and international issues, until, with the 1960s, efforts to find accommodations with a restive local community spawned a wide variety of new programs. The advent of new technology appeared to satisfy needs for both research and jobs, but it also produced new frictions. In
2021-720: The split set to be finished by the fall 2024 semester. The School of Science, which was administered by Purdue during the IUPUI era, is transitioning to IU with the exception of the computer science department. The School of Engineering and Technology continues to be administered by Purdue with the exception of the department of music arts and technology, which will join the IU School of Art and Design. The remaining Purdue programs in Indianapolis will operate as fully integrated extensions of their West Lafayette counterparts. IU will add new computer science programs to its School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, and Purdue intends to open
2068-689: The state of happiness in the world today and show how the science of happiness explains personal and national variations in happiness. Developed again by the United Nations and published recently along with the HDI, this report combines both objective and subjective measures to rank countries by happiness, which is deemed as the ultimate outcome of a high quality of life. It uses surveys from Gallup , real GDP per capita, healthy life expectancy, having someone to count on, perceived freedom to make life choices, freedom from corruption, and generosity to derive
2115-605: The state. Also present is the IU McKinney School of Law , one of two IU law schools. As the research budget of the IU School of Medicine is reported through IU Bloomington and thus excluded, IU Indy's Carnegie Classification is among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The IU Indy Jaguars compete in the NCAA 's NCAA Division I in the Horizon League . Several athletics venues are located on
2162-564: The study, "Aligning Missions with Public Expectations: The Case of the Metropolitan Universities" for the book titled Metropolitan Universities: An Emerging Model in American Higher Education and defined a metropolitan university, in its simplest terms, "[as] an institution that accepts all of higher education's traditional values in teaching, research, and professional service, but takes upon itself
2209-496: The term urban university might be used only to describe institutions located in central cities . This is no longer the case as urban sprawl and the advent of edge cities has not so much made urban obsolete as to change conventional notions of what constitutes urban. Today an urban or metropolitan university is one located in an urban agglomeration irrespective of political boundaries (state lines) or administrative definitions . An urban or metropolitan university operates with
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