167-704: Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation ( IBC ) is a Philippine free-to-air television and radio network based in Quezon City . It is a state broadcaster owned by the Government Communications Group under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO). IBC was also commonly referred to as "The Kaibigan Network", the Filipino term for "friend", which was introduced between 2019 and 2023 until it
334-409: A consortium that included Sony Pictures . In 2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and reorganization . After reorganization, it emerged from bankruptcy later that year under its creditors' ownership. Two former executives at Spyglass Entertainment , Gary Barber and Roger Birnbaum , became co-chairmen and co-CEOs of MGM's new holding company . After Barber's departure in 2018,
501-462: A 36-hour marathon coverage of the 1967 Philippine Senate elections under its coverage name Halalan '67. In 1969, Filipinos witnessed the live television coverage of the Apollo 11 historic Moon landing. It was the first live telecast via satellite in the country. Channels 5, 7, and 13 tied up for the said project, while ABS-CBN produced its color coverage on DZXL-TV Channel 9 under the name Man on
668-594: A bidding war which included Time Warner (the current parent of Turner Broadcasting ) and General Electric (the owners of the NBC television network at the time), MGM was acquired on September 23, 2004, by a partnership consisting of Sony Corporation of America , Comcast , Texas Pacific Group (now TPG Capital, L.P.), Providence Equity Partners , and other investors. After its bankruptcy in 2010, MGM reorganized, with its creditors' $ 4 billion debt transferred to ownership. MGM's creditors controlled MGM through MGM Holdings,
835-609: A blocktime agreement with TV5 's sports division Sports5 to air live sports coverage via its sports programming block AKTV . It was launched on June 5, 2011, with the AKTV Run held outside SM Mall of Asia in Bay City, Pasay . On the same day, IBC launched a new logo and slogan " Where the Action Is " to reflect the change. On April 11, 2013, MediaQuest Holdings chairman Manny Pangilinan announced that AKTV would not renew
1002-400: A first for a Philippine TV station) in 1989. During the latter part of the 1980s, as the once insurmountable RPN and IBC suffered from gross mismanagement and financial crisis which took a toll on their ratings, the struggling ABS-CBN surged ahead to be the undisputed number 1 from 1988 onward. GMA, which retained its owners, faced an uphill battle for ratings supremacy as it ended the 1980s as
1169-450: A free trial of the new set of freemium channels using UHF Channel 16 (485.143 MHz). It includes cable channels from sister company Creative Programs : O Shopping (also aired as overnight programming for ABS-CBN), Jeepney TV , and Myx (which previously had a complimentary channel Myx2 before TVplus launched in 2015). Also included in the lineup are two new exclusive digital channels, Asianovela Channel and Movie Central . Initially,
1336-712: A freestyle station ID. In late 2007, IBC signed on Makisig Network as a primetime blocktimer of IBC. However, Makisig Network's programs were not aired due to questions on the propriety of the terms and conditions of the agreement, which eventually expired in October 2008. After four decades of serving the network's programing needs, IBC-13's studios and facilities were abandoned due to negligence and their network's mismanagement. Their cameras, lighting, props and other equipment were old and dilapidated. Budgets were cut and they could not afford to continue radio and television operations. Their programming and airtime had been lost after
1503-530: A host of new stars, among them Greta Garbo , John Gilbert , William Haines , Joan Crawford , and Norma Shearer (who followed Thalberg from Universal). Established names like Lon Chaney , William Powell , Buster Keaton , and Wallace Beery were hired from other studios. They also hired top directors such as King Vidor , Clarence Brown , Erich von Stroheim , Tod Browning , and Victor Seastrom . The arrival of talking pictures in 1928–29 gave opportunities to other new stars, many of whom would carry MGM through
1670-547: A huge role was Ida Koverman , Mayer's secretary and right hand. In 1937, Mayer hired Mervyn LeRoy , a former Warner Bros. producer/director as MGM's top producer and Thalberg's replacement. LeRoy convinced Mayer to acquire the film rights to the popular children's book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz ; MGM purchased the rights from Samuel Goldwyn for $ 75,000 in 1938. MGM's hits in 1939 included The Wizard of Oz ; Ninotchka , starring Greta Garbo ; The Women , starring Joan Crawford and Norma Shearer ; and Gone with
1837-465: A license from Congress that would allow him to put up a television station. The Congress, however, denied him from getting such a license for the fear that he might use it as a vehicle for propaganda for his brother who was then running for a second term in the presidential elections of 1953 . Because of this, he bought a 70% share in BEC, which earned him indirect control of a television franchise. He changed
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#17327985238292004-556: A memorandum of agreement with The Manila Times . On October 1, 2024, Congress TV 's mirror feed from channel 14 was added as IBC's second digital subchannel. Television in the Philippines Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 upon the first commercial broadcast made by Alto Broadcasting System (now ABS-CBN ), making the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country and
2171-435: A network war in the late 1980s and 1990s and many employees lost their jobs. The network owed more than 800 million pesos worth of back wages to its employees, some of whom were very elderly or had worked in the network since the 1980s. As of 2016, IBC had 200 employees, 29 of which are talents or employed on a "contractual basis", particularly from the news, public affairs, and production. Management tried and failed to revive
2338-553: A new station ID. However, in early 2003, Viva TV on IBC cancelled after Viva decided not to renew their blocktime agreement with IBC due to high blocktime costs and low ratings coinciding the retirement of Bobong Velez as the President and CEO of Viva-Vintage. The last Viva TV-produced program to air on IBC was the grand finale of Star for a Night , on March 1, 2003. On December 12, 2003, IBC launched its new logo and its new slogan " Ang Bagong Pilipino " ( The New Filipino ) with
2505-474: A number of successful films in the 1970s, including Westworld (1973), Soylent Green (1973), The Sunshine Boys (1975), The Wind and the Lion (1975), Network (1976) and Coma (1978). Despite these successes, MGM never reclaimed its former status. The MGM Recording Studios were sold in 1975. In 1979, Kerkorian issued a press statement that MGM was now primarily a hotel company. In 1980, MGM hit
2672-444: A number of well-known actors as contract players—its slogan was "more stars than there are in heaven"—and soon became Hollywood's most prestigious filmmaking company, producing popular musical films and winning many Academy Awards . MGM also owned film studios, movie lots, movie theaters and technical production facilities. Its most prosperous era, from 1926 to 1959, was bracketed by two productions of Ben Hur . It divested itself of
2839-509: A pair of Dorothy's ruby slippers from The Wizard of Oz . Lot 3, 40 acres (160,000 m ) of back-lot property, was sold off for real-estate development. In 1971, it was announced that MGM was in talks with 20th Century-Fox about a possible merger, a plan which never came into fruition. Under Aubrey, MGM also sold off MGM Records and its overseas theater holdings. Through the 1970s, studio output slowed considerably as Aubrey preferred four or five medium-budget pictures each year along with
3006-586: A petition to the Supreme Court of the Philippines to nullify the joint venture agreement between IBC and Primestate/R-II Builders for the development of 3.5 hectares of Broadcast City, after the Office of the Ombudsman found the contract to be disadvantageous to the government. The Ombudsman filed a graft case in 2013 against former IBC executives and Primestate. In January 2016, President Aquino, through
3173-488: A private company. New management of its film and television production divisions was installed. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem. He had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for $ 3 million, to provide a steady supply of films for his large Loew's Theatres chain. However, he found that his new property only provided a lackluster assortment of films. Seeking to solve this problem, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 for $ 5 million to improve
3340-550: A radio manufacturer, began manufacturing television sets. Other local outfits such as Carlsound and Rehco, also started setting up assembly plants. In 1958, the high taxes previously imposed on imported television shows were removed, which made American shows less expensive than locally produced live programming. In April 1955, the Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN) was established as a radio medium in 1956 by businessmen Eugenio and Fernando Lopez . In
3507-713: A remake—failed: Cimarron (1960), King of Kings (1961), Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1961), and, most notoriously, Mutiny on the Bounty (1962). The Cinerama film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm (also 1962), the first film in Cinerama to actually tell a story, was also a financial failure. One other big-budget epic that was a success, however, was the MGM-Cinerama co-production How
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#17327985238293674-416: A smattering of low-budget fare. In October 1973 and in decline in output, MGM closed its distribution offices then outsourced distribution for its films for a ten-year period to United Artists . UA also purchased MGM's music publishing arm, Robbins, Feist & Miller plus half of Canadian record label Quality Records . Kerkorian had largely distanced himself from the operations of the studio, focusing on
3841-567: A subsidiary of Amazon MGM Studios, MGM is a member of the Motion Picture Association (MPA); it was a founding member before leaving in the 2005 acquisition. MGM was the last studio to convert to sound pictures—nonetheless, from the end of the silent film era through the late 1950s, it was the dominant motion picture studio in Hollywood. It was slow to respond to the changing legal, economic, and demographic nature of
4008-425: A symbolic low point when David Begelman , earlier fired by Columbia following the discovery of his acts of forgery and embezzlement, was installed as MGM's president and CEO. In 1980, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc. split its production and casino units into separate companies: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Film Co. and MGM Grand Hotels, Inc. The rise of ancillary markets was enough to allow MGM to increase production to 10-15 films
4175-500: A trial version of its set-top boxes manufactured by American communications equipment supplier Atlanta DTH, Inc. GMA Network, TV5, and other commercial television networks also started their test during this time. However, GMA Network opposed the decision made by NTC and asked NTC to reconsider the European DVB-T for its superior quality. On February 11, 2015, ABS-CBN Corporation formally launched its ABS-CBN TV Plus service to
4342-406: A variety of events. When the station ran out of presenting any new features, stage plays were transported to television. In 1953, less than a month after the first telecast, Father James Reuter SJ , who had radio and television training, produced the first play on Philippine television entitled Cyrano de Bergerac . The three-hour-long play was aired live and all the talents were students. In
4509-680: A writer and producer who had found success at running RKO Pictures . Lavish musicals were Schary's focus, and hits like Easter Parade (1948) and the popular films of Mario Lanza (including The Toast of New Orleans (1950) and The Great Caruso (1951)) helped keep MGM profitable. In August 1951, Mayer was fired by MGM's East Coast executives and he was replaced by Schary. Gradually cutting loose expensive contract players (including $ 6,000-a-week Judy Garland in 1950 and "King of Hollywood" Clark Gable in 1954), saving money by recycling existing movie sets instead of building costly new scenery, and reworking expensive old costumes, Schary managed to keep
4676-486: A year in Technicolor with Northwest Passage (1939) being one of the most notable of this era. In addition to a large short-subjects program of its own, MGM also distributed the shorts and features produced by Hal Roach Studios , including comedy shorts starring Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang and Charley Chase . The studio's distribution deal with Roach lasted from 1927 to 1938, and MGM benefited in particular from
4843-727: A year to a more manageable 25 features per year. During this period, MGM released several very successful musicals with stars such as Judy Garland , Fred Astaire , Gene Kelly , and Frank Sinatra . Audiences began drifting to television in the late 1940s, and MGM and the other studios were finding it increasingly difficult to attract them to theaters. With its high overhead expenses, MGM's profit margins continued to decrease. Word came from Nicholas Schenck in New York to find "a new Thalberg" who could improve quality while paring costs. Mayer thought he had found this savior in Dore Schary ,
5010-537: Is an American media company specializing in film and television production and distribution based in Beverly Hills, California . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer was founded on April 17, 1924, and has been owned by the Amazon MGM Studios subsidiary of Amazon since 2022. MGM was formed by Marcus Loew by combining Metro Pictures , Goldwyn Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Pictures into one company. It hired
5177-497: Is today the cable firm Sky Cable , created in 1990. 11 years later, Dream Satellite TV began operations as the country's first Direct-broadcast satellite television service, lasting up until 2017. In 2007, ABS-CBN Corporation applied for a license from the National Telecommunications Commission to operate a digital terrestrial television service in the country. In 2008, Sky Cable became
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5344-501: The APSTAR 1 satellite to broaden its international reach. In 2000, Viva Entertainment 's subsidiary Viva Television acquired Vintage Enterprises (including VTV on IBC block) and changed its name to Viva TV, a primetime sports and entertainment block on IBC which continued until 2002. Rehabilitation of the transmitter and other technical facilities was initiated for the network's flagship and provincial stations. On September 2, 2000, IBC
5511-546: The Columbia film It Happened One Night (1934). Mayer and Irving Thalberg's association began warmly, but eventually relations between the two became strained; Thalberg preferred literary works and expensive costume pictures over the lower-budget, family-oriented crowd pleasers Mayer wanted. Thalberg, always physically frail, was removed as head of production in 1932. Mayer encouraged other staff producers, among them his son-in-law David O. Selznick , but no one seemed to have
5678-583: The Howard Hughes film Hell's Angels (1930), now had a big break and became a Hollywood sex symbol and one of MGM's most admired stars. Despite Harlow's gain, Garbo arguably remained the biggest star at MGM. Shearer was still a money maker despite her screen appearances becoming scarce, and Crawford continued her box-office popularity until 1937. MGM also received a boost through the man who would become known as "King of Hollywood", Clark Gable. Gable's career took off to new heights after he won an Oscar for
5845-579: The Looney Tunes ' sister series, Merrie Melodies . The Happy Harmonies regularly ran over budget, and MGM dismissed Harman and Ising in 1937 to start its own animation studio . After initial struggles with a poorly received series of The Captain and the Kids cartoons, the studio rehired Harman and Ising in 1939, and Ising created the studio's first successful animated character, Barney Bear . However, MGM's biggest cartoon stars would come in
6012-499: The MGM Grand Hotel , investing $ 120 million into that project. Another portion of the backlot was sold in 1974. The last shooting done on the backlot was the introductory material for That's Entertainment! (1974), a retrospective documentary that became a surprise hit for the studio. That's Entertainment! was authorized by Dan Melnick , who was appointed head of production in 1972. Under Melnick's regime, MGM produced
6179-891: The Philippine Broadcasting Service of the Philippine government , now defunct), DZRH-TV (established on April 11, 1962, by the Manila Broadcasting Company (MBC), owned by Manuel "Manolo" Elizalde Sr. ), DZTM-TV (established in July 1962, by Associated Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), owned by Chino Roces , the publisher of The Manila Times ), DZFU-TV (established in August 1962, by FEATI University , now defunct), and DZKB-TV (established on October 15, 1969, by Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS), owned by Roberto Benedicto ). Among
6346-402: The vintas from Zamboanga , becoming the third network in the Philippines to convert to all-color broadcasts, after ABS-CBN and KBS . In September 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law for the entire country, forcing all television and radio networks (except KBS which was owned by Roberto Benedicto ) to be shut down by the government. A few months later, IBC was allowed by
6513-569: The 1930s, MGM produced approximately 50 pictures a year, though it never met its goal of releasing a new motion picture each and every week (it was only able to release one feature film every nine days). Loew's 153 theaters were mostly located in New York, the Northeast, and Deep South; Gone with the Wind (1939) had its world premiere at Loew's Grand Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia. A fine reputation
6680-477: The 1930s: Clark Gable , Jean Harlow , Robert Montgomery , Spencer Tracy , Myrna Loy , Robert Taylor , Jeanette MacDonald , and Nelson Eddy among them. MGM was one of the first studios to experiment with filming in Technicolor . Using the two-color Technicolor process then available, MGM filmed portions of The Uninvited Guest (1924), The Big Parade (1925), and Ben–Hur (1925), among others, in
6847-443: The 1950 film, The Titan: Story of Michelangelo was telecast by ABC in 1952, but that was a documentary.) Beginning in 1959, and lasting until 1991, telecasts of The Wizard of Oz became an annual tradition, drawing huge audiences in homes all over the U.S. and earning additional profits for MGM. The studio was all too happy to see Oz become, through television, one of the two or three most famous films MGM has ever made, and one of
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7014-431: The 1975 Muhammad Ali - Joe Frazier heavyweight fight, and the 1981 visit of Pope John Paul II were shown worldwide. When Benigno Aquino was assassinated in 1983, it was a small item on television news. During his historic funeral procession, GMA was allowed only ten seconds of airtime coverage exclusively on the late night news program The 11:30 Report . For most of the late 1970s to the early 1980s, RPN and IBC were
7181-683: The 1980s). In 1981, the studio acquired United Artists . In 1986, Kerkorian sold MGM to Ted Turner , who retained the rights to the MGM film library, sold the studio lot in Culver City to Lorimar , and sold the remnants of MGM back to Kerkorian a few months later. After Kerkorian sold and reacquired the company again in the 1990s, he expanded MGM by purchasing Orion Pictures and the Samuel Goldwyn Company , including both of their film libraries. Finally, in 2005, Kerkorian sold MGM to
7348-627: The 2023 National Budget for the network based on the General Appropriations Act of 2023 to continue its broadcast operations and to pay employees' salaries. On January 31, 2023, the House of Representatives renewed IBC's franchise for another 25 years, permitting the network to continue operating until 2050. On July 3, 2024, the TeleRadyo feed of DWAN 1206 was added as IBC's digital subchannel. On August 12, 2024, IBC signed
7515-872: The ABS radio facilities moved to the Chronicle Building in the Intramuros District of Manila , the home building of the CBN Radio studios. At the turn of the next decade, TV sets became the most sellable appliance in urban areas. Also within this period, other VHF TV stations opened. These include DZTV-TV (established on March 1, 1960, by Inter-Island Broadcasting Corporation (IBC), owned by Dick Baldwin and later Andrés Soriano, Sr. of San Miguel Corporation ), DZBB-TV (established on October 29, 1961, by Republic Broadcasting System (RBS), owned by Robert Stewart ), DZFM-TV (established in 1961 by
7682-582: The ABS-CBN broadcast center on Bohol Avenue, Quezon City. ABS-CBN, as a network, ceased operations for the next 14 years, and its studios became the broadcasting center of Benedicto's KBS and the government's GTV. A year later, ABS-CBN's DZAQ-TV Channel 2 would reopen as DWWX-TV Channel 2 under Benedicto's Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). In 1976, GTV-4 began color broadcasts. The Benedicto networks—BBC, KBS, which became Radio Philippines Network (RPN) in 1975, and IBC—served as vehicles of propaganda for
7849-495: The American Musical Academy of Arts Association to handle all of their press and artist development. The AMAAA's main function was to develop the budding stars and to make them appealing to the public. Stars such as Norma Shearer, Joan Crawford, Greta Garbo, Myrna Loy, and Jeanette MacDonald reigned as the top-paid figures at the studio. Another MGM actress of the era, Jean Harlow , who had previously appeared in
8016-533: The Governance Commission for Government-Owned and -Controlled Corporations (GCG), approved the planned privatization of IBC. The privatization terms meant the IBC would undergo public bidding with an estimated floor price of 10 billion pesos. The proceeds of the bidding would go towards state-owned PTV-4, to upgrade and modernize their broadcast capabilities. The Development Bank of the Philippines would be
8183-564: The IBC Compound, Lot 3-B, Capitol Hills Drive cor. Zuzuarregui Street, Barangay Matandang Balara, Diliman, Quezon City . Inter-Island Broadcasting Corporation was established on October 1, 1959, when DZTV Channel 13 in Manila aired its test broadcast. On March 1, 1960, at 6:30 pm, DZTV-TV 13 was finally launched and it became as the third television station in the country after the monopoly of DZAQ-TV of ABS and DZXL-TV of CBN owned by
8350-424: The IBC and RPN absorbed the majority of its displaced employees, which led to the doubling of the network's expenses, and a three-fold increase in the cost of programming. Line-produced shows and co-production ventures with some big film companies like Viva , Regal , and Seiko were favored, aside from their station-produced programs. In 1987, IBC rebranded and adopted a new slogan, " Life Begins at 13 ", noted for
8517-463: The Loew's merger going through. Schenck and Mayer had never gotten along (Mayer reportedly referred to his boss as "Mr. Skunk"), and the abortive Fox merger increased the animosity between the two men. From the outset, MGM tapped into the audience's need for glamor and sophistication. Having inherited few big names from their predecessor companies, Mayer and Thalberg began at once to create and publicize
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#17327985238298684-500: The Loews movie theater chain and, in 1956, expanded into television production. In 1969, businessman and investor Kirk Kerkorian bought 40% of MGM and dramatically changed the operation and direction of the studio. He hired new management, reduced the studio's output to about five films per year, and diversified its products, creating MGM Resorts International as a Las Vegas –based hotel and casino company (which it later divested in
8851-480: The Loews theater chain and the three studios on April 17, 1924, celebrated with a fete on April 26, 1924. Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with 24-year-old Irving Thalberg as head of production. Final approval over budgets and contracts rested with New York City-based Loews Inc., while production decisions rested with the production headquarters in Culver City. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years. In 1925, MGM released
9018-543: The Lopez family's Bolinao Electronics Corporation (now ABS-CBN Corporation ). Its original location was at the corner of P. Guevara St. (formerly Little Baguio) in San Juan from 1960 to 1978. American businessman Dick Baldwin was the station's first owner and programming consisted of mostly foreign programs from American television network CBS and a few local shows. Andrés Soriano, Sr. of San Miguel Corporation acquired
9185-585: The Makati City RTC issued a court order terminating Islands Broadcast Corporation as the marketing and sales agent of IBC 13 due to unpaid financial obligations to the network. Popular programs that aired in this period of the network's history include Choudenshi Bioman and Hikari Sentai Maskman which came to IBC in July 1987 and June 1989, respectively. In October 1992, Islands TV-13 was rebranded back to IBC. The management and marketing were returned to IBC's board of directors. The programming remained
9352-672: The Marcos government while also broadcasting local and overseas entertainment and sports. In 1979, the Benedicto networks moved to the newly built Broadcast City in Diliman, Quezon City. In the same year, Gregorio Cendaña was named Minister of Information. In 1980, GTV-4 was relaunched as Maharlika Broadcasting System (MBS-4). Initially, the Department of Public Information (later Ministry of Public Information), reviewed everything that
9519-647: The Mega Manila area. On February 11, 2019, IBC announced a major revamp of its programming, the first since the ATC@IBC block in 2014. It includes reruns of IBC's old entertainment and cultural shows, the introduction of documentary and current affairs programs airing on sister station People's Television Network , and other entertainment and sports content from SMAC Television Productions and ATC , among others. IBC also created two new slogans, " Iconic.Bold.Chill " and " Kaibigan Mo! " In March 2020, IBC announced
9686-608: The Moon . On November 14, 1969, DZAQ-TV transferred from Channel 3 to Channel 2, while its sister station DZXL-TV transferred from Channel 9 to Channel 4. On October 15, 1969, Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS) launched its television network with DZKB-TV Channel 9, which would broadcast in full color. On November 11, ABS-CBN became the first network to use chroma key in Halalan '69 , for the 1969 Philippine Presidential elections , while ABC-5, RBS-7, and IBC-13, once again collaborated for
9853-554: The NTSC system of the Radio Corporation of America and would begin to broadcast in color in 1966. Channel 3 also beat others when it came to educational television initiatives with a one-hour daily slot in the early years of the decade, with Inter-Island 13 following suit. On February 1, 1967, the corporate name of BEC was changed to ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation (later adapted the name ABS-CBN Corporation in August 2007
10020-523: The No. 2 network after a brief stint in the lead, though it did maintain its position as a leading player in the industry. Yet even as it encountered financial troubles, RPN in 1990 broke ahead as the first Philippine station ever to have 24-hour broadcasts. By then, ABS-CBN enjoyed a significant lead over not just GMA, but also the now-faltering RPN and IBC. MBS became the New TV-4 on February 24, 1986, during
10187-677: The People Power Revolution (also known as the EDSA Revolution) ousted the dictatorial president Ferdinand Marcos and installed Corazon Aquino as the new president of the Philippines. Following those events, IBC, RPN and BBC, were sequestered by the Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG) for allegedly being part of the crony capitalism under the Marcos regime . A board of administrators
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#173279852382910354-558: The Philippine Movie Press Club and are voted by the press. The Philippines has no public broadcasting television network. Despite this, there are several government-owned ones . James Lindenberg , an American engineer dubbed the "father of Philippine television," began assembling transmitters and established Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) on July 11, 1946. The company was named after his wife's hometown of Bolinao , Pangasinan . Three years later, he
10521-462: The Philippines, through Radiowealth Inc., had become the third country in the world to manufacture color TV sets. By January 1972, the growth of the Philippine television industry was unstoppable. Aside from ABS-CBN's pioneer satellite broadcasts, stations opened up one after the other in many parts of the country beginning in 1961, when DYCB-TV Channel 3, the pioneer provincial television channel,
10688-573: The Rain (1952), and Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954). However, Brigadoon (1954), Deep in My Heart (1954), It's Always Fair Weather (1955), Invitation to the Dance (1956), and Les Girls (1957) were extravagant song and dance flops, and even the now-classic The Band Wagon (1953) and Silk Stockings (1957) lost money upon their initial releases. In 1952, as a settlement of
10855-537: The Rings: The Return of the King also did in 2003. During this period, MGM fell into a questionable practice that eventually nearly doomed the studio: an entire year's production schedule relied on the success of one big-budget epic film each year. This policy began in 1959, when Ben–Hur proved profitable enough to carry the studio through 1960. However, four succeeding big-budget epics—like Ben–Hur , each
11022-513: The United States and retire following his utter dissatisfaction with the Marcos regime. The resistance of network leadership would trigger the beginning of the end of Marcos's dominance in the television industry, for in the months to come, GMA broke from the pack when it began airing interviews by Benigno's widow, Corazon, in 1985 in the lead up to her presidential campaign and the 1986 snap presidential elections that followed. In addition,
11189-484: The West Was Won (1962), with a huge all-star cast. King of Kings , while a commercial and critical bomb at the time, has since come to be regarded as a film classic. The losses caused by these films led to the resignations of Sol Siegel and Joseph Vogel who were replaced by Robert M. Weitman (head of production) and Robert O'Brien (president). The combination of O'Brien and Weitman seemed to temporarily revive
11356-446: The Wind , starring Vivien Leigh as Scarlett O'Hara and Clark Gable as Rhett Butler . Although Gone With the Wind was produced by Selznick International Pictures , the film was distributed by MGM as part of a deal for producer David O. Selznick , Mayer's son-in-law, to obtain the services of Gable as well as financial assistance necessary for Selznick to complete the film. After Selznick International foundered in 1944, MGM acquired
11523-536: The aftermath of the historic People Power Revolution which ended the 20-year dictatorship of Marcos that forever altered television history, the Benedicto networks BBC, RPN, and IBC were sequestered by the Philippine Commission on Good Government (PCGG). BBC was returned to ABS-CBN through an executive order while RPN and IBC were handed over to the Government Communications Group. ABS-CBN would begin both satellite and international broadcasts (the latter
11690-487: The beginning, Philippine TV networks would buy the rights to air mediocre American TV programs and serials since it was cheaper than producing local shows. To entice advertisers, as well as to encourage increased viewership, simultaneous airing of programs on radio and television resorted to promotional gimmicks. Many popular radio shows, including, Tawag ng Tanghalan , Kuwentong Kutsero , and Student Canteen , started their life on TV this way. In 1955, Radiowealth Inc.,
11857-563: The blocktime agreement in May due to high costs, poor ratings, and doubts about IBC's future. In 2012, pursuant to AO No. 26, IBC handed over its archives to Film Development Council of the Philippines (FDCP) for restoration. IBC signed a memorandum of agreement with the Asian Television Content Corporation under Engr. Reynaldo Sanchez as the major blocktimer of the station. The TATC @ IBC primetime block with
12024-404: The butterfly logo in the form of the letter E and the number 13. By this time, IBC was struggling to cope with the increased competition from the other networks, particularly from ABS-CBN , which rose to number 1 by 1988. IBC's top-rated shows were stolen by rival networks; however, it scored a victory when it acquired the program Loveli-Ness , starring Alma Moreno , from ABS-CBN in 1988. However,
12191-528: The classic television version of Dr. Seuss 's How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1966) featuring the voice of Boris Karloff . Tom and Jerry folded in 1967, and the animation department continued with television specials and one feature film, The Phantom Tollbooth . A revived Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation was in existence from 1993 to 1999. In 1959, MGM enjoyed what is quite probably its greatest financial success of later years, with
12358-424: The cost of programs, talent fees and TV rights increased, until IBC could no longer afford to produce its own shows, save for its news and current affairs programming and special events. In 1989, IBC once again adopted a new slogan, " Pusong Pinoy, Pusong Trese " ( Heart of Filipino, Heart of Thirteen ), in an attempt to recapture the network's former glory. Despite this, advertising support began to decrease, due to
12525-429: The country. Finally, on October 23, 1953, Quirino marked the first official television broadcast in the Philippines with the launching of ABS' DZAQ-TV Channel 3 (DZAQ-TV 3). With the help of RCA, four men underwent technical training in the United States. These were Arcadio Carandang, Romualdo Carballo, Harry Chaney and Jose Navarro. The ABS studio was a makeshift barn along Florentino Torres Street in Manila . With
12692-554: The decision. Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds. During this time, in the summer of 1929, Fox was badly hurt in an automobile accident. By the time he recovered, the stock market crash in the fall of 1929 had nearly wiped Fox out and ended any chance of
12859-540: The development of 3.5 hectares of Broadcast City. With this joint venture agreement with a private business enterprise, the Aquino administration expressed its desire to privatize both RPN and IBC and retain the People's Television (PTV) as the sole government TV network. It was also announced that conglomerate San Miguel Corporation would join the government-sponsored bidding for the privatization of RPN and IBC. IBC signed
13026-452: The earlier Hanna and Barbera shorts, they did receive positive reviews in some quarters. In 1963, the production of Tom and Jerry returned to Hollywood under Chuck Jones and his Sib Tower 12 Productions studio (later absorbed by MGM and renamed MGM Animation/Visual Arts ). Jones' group also produced its own works, winning an Oscar for The Dot and the Line (1965), as well as producing
13193-413: The end of MGM's animation department, as the studio determined it could generate the same amount of revenue by reissuing older cartoons as it could by producing and releasing new ones. William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, by then the heads of the MGM cartoon studio, took most of their unit and made their own company, Hanna-Barbera Productions , a successful producer of television animation. In 1956, MGM sold
13360-519: The expiration of the blocktime agreement in 2013 ( AKTV ), the network is still using IBC's Broadcast City facilities for sports events, including its 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup coverage. However, MediaQuest also could not join the privatization bid due to ownership rules and regulations, given MediaQuest owns TV5 and AksyonTV (now One Sports ). On June 2, 2015, the Philippine Crusader for Justice (PCJ), led by Joe Villanueva, filed
13527-422: The extravagant and successful Ben-Hur , taking a $ 4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Also in 1925, MGM, Paramount Pictures and UFA formed a joint German distributor, Parufamet . Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loew's passed to Nicholas Schenck. In 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew family's holdings with Schenck's assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with
13694-404: The failure of the big-budget epic Raintree County (1957) prompted the studio to terminate Schary's contract. Schary's reign at MGM had been marked with few legitimate hits, but his departure (along with the retirement of Schenck in 1955) left a power vacuum that would prove difficult to fill. Initially Joseph Vogel became president and Sol Siegel head of production. In 1957 (by coincidence,
13861-591: The few films that nearly everybody in the U.S. has seen at least once. Today The Wizard of Oz is regularly shown on the Turner -owned channels, no longer just once a year. In animation, MGM purchased the rights in 1930 to distribute a series of cartoons that starred a character named Flip the Frog , produced by Ub Iwerks . The first cartoon in this series (titled Fiddlesticks ) was the first sound cartoon to be produced in two-color Technicolor. In 1933, Ub Iwerks canceled
14028-571: The financial adviser for the privatization. Incoming PCOO secretary Martin Andanar forwarded the privatization plan to President Rodrigo Duterte 's executive secretary Salvador Medialdea . Andanar would also coordinate with the GCG before the start of the bidding. The privatization process of IBC commenced in October 2016. As of December 2016, five entities had shown interest in joining the bidding. They were Ramon S. Ang of San Miguel Corporation , and
14195-576: The first cable network to adopt digital television, and Cignal , the country's first digital direct-broadcast satellite television service, made its debut in February 2009. In 2009, ABS-CBN started to test digital transmission using the European DVB-T standard. On July 11, 2009, ABS-CBN launched Balls HD in Sky Cable , the first-ever high-definition television channel in the country. On
14362-515: The first million-dollar executive in American history. The company remained profitable, and an increase in MGM's "series" pictures ( Andy Hardy starring Mickey Rooney , Maisie starring Ann Sothern , The Thin Man starring William Powell and Myrna Loy , and Dr. Kildare / Dr. Gillespie with Lew Ayres and Lionel Barrymore ) is cited as evidence of Mayer's restored influence. Also playing
14529-665: The five new channels will be beamed from Metro Manila , Metro Cebu, and Cagayan de Oro, with plans to extend its coverage to existing ABS-CBN DTV stations. On June 1, 2019, ABS-CBN launched a digital TV dongle called ABS-CBN TVplus Go for Android smartphones. It was initially available in Metro Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Bulacan, Pampanga, Benguet, Tarlac, Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Batangas, Iloilo, Bacolod, Metro Cebu, Cagayan de Oro and Metro Davao. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. (also known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures , commonly shortened to MGM )
14696-465: The form of the cat-and-mouse duo Tom and Jerry , created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera in 1940. The Tom and Jerry cartoons won seven Academy Awards between 1943 and 1953. In 1941, Tex Avery , another Schlesinger alumnus, joined the animation department. Avery gave the unit its image, with successes like Red Hot Riding Hood , Swing Shift Cinderella , and the Droopy series. Avery left
14863-438: The full rights to Gone With the Wind . While The Wizard of Oz was a critical hit, the production costs for the film were so expensive it took 20 years before it turned a profit. Within one year, beginning in 1942, Mayer released his five highest-paid actresses from their MGM contracts: Greta Garbo, Norma Shearer, Joan Crawford, Jeanette MacDonald and Myrna Loy. After being labeled " box office poison ", Crawford's MGM contract
15030-512: The government to return to the air. ABS-CBN veteran Ben Aniceto became the station manager of DZTV Channel 13 from 1973 to 1976. On February 1, 1975, the network was acquired by Roberto Benedicto (who also owned Radio Philippines Network and Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation ) from the Soriano group due to a constitutional limitation prohibiting the ownership of media by non-Filipinos or by corporations not 100% Filipino owned. The company name
15197-477: The government's restraint-of-trade action, United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. 334 US 131 (1948), Loews, Inc. gave up control of MGM. It would take another five years before the interlocking arrangements were completely undone, by which time both Loews and MGM were losing money. In 1956, Schary was ousted from MGM in another power struggle against the New York-based executives. Cost overruns and
15364-774: The groups led by former IBC president (and current RMN president and chief executive officer) Eric Canoy, former Ilocos Sur governor Chavit Singson , energy tycoon and Udenna Corporation chairman Dennis Uy (who had recently expanded his business through his recent acquisition of ISM Communications Corporation ), and Davao businessman William Lima. In March 2017, IBC operated on a low-powered signal but it continued its broadcast on cable and satellite providers. In October 2017, IBC began its test broadcast on digital terrestrial television. In late 2018, IBC began to revitalize its infrastructure and its programming after former DOT Undersecretary of Tourism Advocacy and Public Affairs Kat de Castro as president and chief executive officer of
15531-442: The ill-fated network. There were several plans to sell and privatize IBC and RPN. TV network ABS-CBN was planning to buy the network's blocktime to address signal problems and mimic the former's programming, but ABS-CBN could not join the privatization bid due to ownership regulations. In 2011, IBC entered into a joint venture agreement with Prime Realty, an affiliate of R-II Builders Group of Reghis Romero Jr. The agreement called for
15698-442: The international success of Philippine television (with many TV dramas being broadcast to many countries), Eat Bulaga! was the first Philippine variety show to be franchised in another country. Its first franchise is Eat Bulaga! Indonesia . Cable television was, in keeping with the 1987 Constitution and the Aquino government policies, removed as a state responsibility in 1988. In this new atmosphere of privatized cable came what
15865-663: The latter of whom MGM supported. MGM and other film studios deducted a days pay from each of their employees to raise an anti-Sinclair fund that amounted to $ 500,000. Irving Thalberg was to lead MGM's anti-Sinclair campaign and the studio recruited Carey Wilson to create a series of anti-Sinclair propaganda films. These films, directed by Felix E. Feist , included fake newsreels of Sinclair supporters who were portrayed as bums and criminals. They were shown in Californian movie theaters, with one episode featuring hired actors as Sinclair supporters speaking with foreign accents. During
16032-608: The launching of Vintage Television (VTV), a primetime block that aired on IBC with PBA , Blow by Blow and other Vintage Sports-produced programs after moving from another government-owned station, People's Television Network (PTV). The block helped IBC-13 move to third place in the primetime ratings, mainly credited to the airing of the PBA games. At the same time, IBC installed a new Harris 60-kilowatt transmitter in San Francisco del Monte for clearer TV reception and began using
16199-485: The martial law period also jumpstarted an offshoot of current affairs programming – public service and non-news informative programs. GMA Network's Kapwa Ko, Mahal Ko , launched in the fall of 1975, was the first and longest public service TV program in the Philippines. Having helped millions of viewers be aware of medical issues, especially among the poor and lower middle class, its success in providing medical care to indigent and poor families, as well as its revelations on
16366-698: The media conglomerate's diversification although the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation name is still used alternatively nowadays on some contexts). Also, during this year, Radiowealth Inc. pioneered the production of 19-, 21- and 25-inch models of color TV sets. Moreover, it was favored by advertisers like Procter and Gamble , the Philippine Refining Company , Colgate-Palmolive , Del Rosario Brothers, and Caltex . That same year in November 14-15, ABS-CBN broadcast
16533-439: The mid-1950s, MGM could make a claim its rivals could not: the studio never lost money, although it did produce an occasional disaster such as Parnell (1937), Clark Gable's biggest flop. MGM was the only Hollywood studio that continued to pay dividends during the 1930s. MGM stars dominated the box office during the 1930s, and the studio was credited for inventing the Hollywood stable-of-stars system as well. MGM contracted with
16700-613: The most-watched channels in terms of ratings. However, in the years leading up to the People Power Revolution , GMA – which was the only independent station – managed to beat the Benedicto-owned duopoly and stayed in the position for the next two years. The martial law era also jump-started the beginnings of satellite broadcasts linking the entire country by ABS-CBN through trial runs, soon followed by RPN and MBS which started simulcasts of programs from Manila to
16867-435: The motion picture industry during the 1950s and 1960s; and although its films often did well at the box office, it lost significant amounts of money throughout the 1960s. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. , whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios . Three years later, an increasingly unprofitable MGM was bought by Kirk Kerkorian , who slashed staff and production costs, forced
17034-681: The multi-network coverage with Election '69 . By the late 1960s, news and public affairs programs were pioneered by ABS-CBN and ABC. The Big News (in English) on ABC's DZTM-TV Channel 5, first anchored by Bong Lapira and later, Jose Mari Velez and The World Tonight (in English) on ABS-CBN's DZAQ-TV Channel 2, anchored by Henry Halasan were the first news programs on Philippine television, followed in that same period by NewsWatch (in English) of KBS's DZKB-TV Channel 9 and NewsBreak (in English) on ABS-CBN's DZXL-TV Channel 4 featuring Lapira. ABS-CBN pioneered Filipino language news programming in
17201-521: The musical The Broadway Melody (1929), however, was both a box-office success and won the Academy Award as Best Picture of the Year. MGM was the last major studio to convert to sound. The studio's first all-color, "all-talking" sound feature with dialogue was the musical The Rogue Song in 1930. MGM included a sequence made in Technicolor's superior new three-color process, a musical number in
17368-538: The name of BEC to Alto Broadcasting System (ABS), after the names of its new owners, Aleli and Judge Antonio Quirino. Lindenberg continued to be a co-owner and served as the general manager. Before the television station was formally launched, it faced several obstacles. The Central Bank , for instance, refused to grant Quirino dollar credit from the bank, saying that the said venture was too risky. For this reason, Quirino asked help from his friend Marvin Gray, whose family
17535-606: The network following the end of the school year. On December 2, 2021, the Presidential Communications Operations Office , IBC and TAP Digital Media Ventures Corporation announced a deal with the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL) for IBC to air its games ( 2021 MPBL Invitational only, as the television coverage was transferred to One PH for the 2022-23 MPBL season ). In March 2022,
17702-807: The network in 1962. Soriano was also the majority owner of the Radio Mindanao Network (RMN) and The Philippine Herald newspaper. Soriano's combined media interests formed the first tri-media organization in the Philippines. As the television arm of the RMN , it partnered with the RMN radio stations for coverage of the general elections of 1969 and 1971. The station built relay transmitters to bring its programs to viewers in Cebu and Davao, with plans to open more in other cities. Between 1970 and 1972, IBC launched its color transmission system, Vinta Color, named after
17869-530: The network might cease operations in 2023 despite the ongoing efforts to improve programming, citing various reasons including financial difficulties. Retaining employees and the management of the said station demanded that the government give their funds which were supposed to be allocated for them in order to continue its television operations, and to finally give it to the retired employees and staff who were never paid since 2009 up to this day. The Department of Budget and Management has allotted 187,189,000 pesos from
18036-467: The network reconfigured to a 16:9 anamorphic widescreen standard-definition format, eliminating the use of letterbox . The change allowed for a widescreen presentation, optimizing the viewing experience for viewers with compatible widescreen televisions. On March 18, 2022, IBC began to transmit its digital test broadcast on UHF Channel 17 (491.143 MHz) as its permanent frequency assigned by NTC. However, on September 1, 2022, IBC management announced that
18203-527: The network will be used for airing educational television programs by the Department of Education 's DepEd TV programming block on analog free-to-air television. The test broadcasts aired from August 11 to August 21, 2020, and again from September 21 to September 25, 2020. Official broadcasts formally started on October 5, 2020, the starting date of classes in public schools throughout the country. However on June 2, 2022, DepEd TV stopped broadcasting on
18370-650: The network, replaced Manolito O. Cruz (who died on October 10 of the same year). By December of the same year, the network moved its studios and offices to a new building at the corner of Capitol Hills Drive and Zuzuarregui Street, Barangay Matandang Balara, Quezon City (a property beside Broadcast City) to make way for the redevelopment of the Broadcast City property into the Larossa Condominium project of Primehomes Real Estate Development Inc. IBC also upgraded its Roosevelt Avenue analog transmitter for
18537-629: The new income generated from its programs, the network built and finally moved to its present home at the modern Broadcast City , together with its sister networks RPN and BBC in July 1978. The complex was a 55,000 m (590,000 sq ft) tract located at Capitol Hills, Diliman, Quezon City. At the same time, IBC built a new transmitter in San Francisco del Monte to replace the old transmitter in San Juan . By 1985, however, IBC would become second to RPN, albeit with many local and foreign programs that were popular among viewers. In 1986,
18704-555: The newest programs premiered on June 2, 2014. However, on August 31, 2014, programs under the ATC @ IBC 13 block suddenly no longer aired on the network, possibly due to poor ratings and a lack of advertisers' support. PCOO Secretary Herminio Coloma, Jr. said in a Senate budget hearing for the PCOO last September 3, 2014, that the network would be fully privatized before President Aquino stepped down from office in 2016 and PTV-4 would be kept as
18871-630: The number one slot among the four rival networks and also emphasized it as the birthplace of the golden age of Philippine television, with many top series headlined by hit stars on radio, TV and film. Among its top-rated shows were the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film series of Tarzan that starred Johnny Weissmuller ; showbiz talk shows See-True and Seeing Stars hosted by Inday Badiday and Joe Quirino respectively; and comedy shows Iskul Bukol , Chicks to Chicks , and T.O.D.A.S.: Television's Outrageously Delightful All-Star Show . Using
19038-502: The otherwise black-and-white The Cat and the Fiddle (1934), starring Jeanette MacDonald and Ramon Novarro . The studio then produced a number of three-color short subjects including the musical La Fiesta de Santa Barbara (1935); the first complete Technicolor feature was Sweethearts (1938) with MacDonald and Nelson Eddy, the earlier of the popular singing team's two films in color. From then on, MGM regularly produced several films
19205-546: The primetime slots, with DZAQ-TV Channel 2 having Balita Ngayon , once anchored by Ric Tierro and DZXL-TV Channel 4 having Apat na Sulok ng Daigdig , with Orly Mercado as its first presenter. IBC-13 followed up with Mayor Villegas Reports , co-produced with the Manila city government, and National Television News (in English) featuring future NewsWatch anchor Harry Gasser . MBC's DZRH-TV Channel 11 dominated through late night news programs with The 11th Hour News . By 1971,
19372-503: The process. MGM released The Viking (1928), the first complete Technicolor feature with a synchronized score and sound effects, but no spoken dialogue. With the arrival of " talkies ", MGM moved slowly and reluctantly into the sound era, releasing features like White Shadows in the South Seas (1928) with music and sound effects, and Alias Jimmy Valentine (1928) with limited dialogue sequences. Their first full-fledged talkie,
19539-721: The provinces across the country, followed by GMA and BBC. Cable television also began at this time when the government, through the DPI, created the first true cable television firm, the Benedicto-owned Sining Makulay Inc. , in the late 1970s, after years of trials that began in 1969. In 1984, Imee Marcos , daughter of Ferdinand Marcos , tried to take over the GMA network but she was successfully prevented by GMA executives, Menardo Jimenez and Felipe Gozon . Afterward, GMA founder Robert Stewart decided to move back to
19706-557: The public in a ceremony in Quezon City. On October 3, 2015, ABS-CBN became the first national Philippine television network to broadcast in high-definition on cable. On May 25, 2018, Solar Entertainment Corporation released a DTV product called Easy TV (Philippines) Originally as a mobile TV dongle service, it later distributed digital set-top boxes, as well as freemium digital TV channels until its discontinuation on September 30, 2019. On July 30, 2018, ABS-CBN TVplus conducted
19873-463: The quality of the theaters' products. However, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. A solution came in the person of Louis B. Mayer , head of Louis B. Mayer Pictures. Loew bought the Mayer studio for $ 75,000. Loews Incorporated completed the merger of
20040-402: The release of its nearly four-hour Technicolor epic Ben–Hur , a remake of its 1925 silent film hit, loosely based on true story—despite being adapted from the novel by General Lew Wallace . Starring Charlton Heston in the title role, the film was critically acclaimed, and won 11 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, a record that held until Titanic matched it in 1997 and The Lord of
20207-579: The same day, Balls also showed the live broadcast of the first-ever locally produced coverage of an event in high-definition. In 2010, Government-controlled television stations in Manila started to test digital transmission using the Brazilian ISDB-Tb standard. In June 2010, NTC announced that the country would formally adopt the ISDB-Tb standard for digital terrestrial television. In 2011, ABS-CBN started to test ISDB-Tb transmission and released
20374-464: The same year, CBN acquired ABS from Quirino and merged the two companies under Bolinao Electronics Corporation. With the establishment of DZXL-TV Channel 9 on April 19, 1958, the Lopez brothers controlled the ABS and CBN television channels. In 1958, the combined ABS (DZAQ-TV Channel 3) and CBN (DZXL-TV Channel 9) television stations moved to their new studios in Roxas Boulevard , Pasay and
20541-576: The same, in preparation for the launching of a new image for the station. On May 27, 1994, IBC launched its new slogan Pinoy ang Dating ( Filipino for 'Filipino styled') with a music video featuring Grace Nono . Despite limited resources, programming improved but the battle for audience share continued. Advertisers became more responsive to marketing efforts. The following year, IBC began to broadcast its programs via satellite nationwide. Soon after, IBC placed 4th in primetime ratings. In 1996, Vintage Enterprises transferred to IBC as part of
20708-586: The second in Asia to do so. Even before that, during the late 1940s, several academic experiments had been done and replicated by Filipino engineers and students. From 1975 to 1978, the Sinag Awards were given by the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS). The Star Awards for Television are the oldest existing television awards in the country; they are handed out annually by
20875-448: The sequestration, internal problems, and periodic management changes. However, the network once more made history when Nora Aunor signed with IBC as a network talent, and her program Superstar was relaunched that fall on IBC. By 1990, IBC 13 was last in the ratings. In October of that year, Islands Broadcast Corporation, under the leadership of Alfonso Denoga and Gil Balaguer, took over the management and marketing of IBC 13. The network
21042-535: The shorts, The Dogway Melody (1930), spoofed MGM's hit 1929 musical The Broadway Melody . MGM entered the music industry by purchasing the "Big Three" starting with Miller Music Publishing Co. in 1934, then Robbins Music Corporation. In 1935, MGM acquired a controlling interest in the capital stock of Leo Feist, Inc. , the last of the Big Three. In the 1934 California gubernatorial election Democratic Upton Sinclair ran against Republican Frank Merriam ,
21209-512: The sole government TV network. The privatization process would be managed by the Governance Commission for Government-Owned or -Controlled Corporations through the Development Bank of the Philippines . Business tycoon Manny V. Pangilinan was one of the possible bidders for the privatization, thus involving TV5 in the situation (TV5 being a media company under PLDT 's MediaQuest Holdings through ABC Development Corporation ). Despite
21376-404: The state of health facilities in far-flung communities, led to the creation of the namesake foundation in 1976 and would also begin a new form of Philippine TV programming, that of medical and health-related programs that would inform the public on health matters and on living healthy lives. That was the concept that helped BBC-2 launch its medical affairs TV program in the early 1980s. In 1986, in
21543-711: The studio in 1953, leaving Hanna and Barbera to focus on the popular Tom and Jerry and Droopy series. After 1955, all cartoons were filmed in CinemaScope until MGM closed its cartoon division in 1957. In 1961, MGM resumed the release of new Tom and Jerry shorts, and production moved to Rembrandt Films in Prague , Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic) under the supervision of Gene Deitch , who had been hired away from Terrytoons . Although Deitch's Tom and Jerry cartoons were considered to be vastly inferior to
21710-515: The studio running much as it had through the early 1940s, though his sensibilities for hard-edged, message movies would never bear much fruit. One bright spot was MGM musical pictures, under the aegis of producer Arthur Freed , who was operating what amounted to an independent unit within the studio. MGM produced some well-regarded and profitable musicals that would later be acknowledged as classics, among them An American in Paris (1951), Singin' in
21877-515: The studio sought to be acquired by another company to pay its creditors. In May 2021, Amazon acquired MGM for US$ 8.45 billion ; the deal closed in March 2022. In October 2023, Amazon Studios absorbed MGM Holdings and rebranded itself as Amazon MGM Studios. As of 2023, its most commercially successful film franchises include Rocky and James Bond , while its most recent television productions include Fargo and The Handmaid's Tale . As
22044-431: The studio to produce low-quality, low-budget fare, and then ceased theatrical distribution in 1973. The studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were distributed through other studios, usually United Artists . Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and an expanded film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up internal production, and kept production going at UA, which
22211-416: The studio's output. This management-by-committee resulted in MGM losing its momentum, developing few new stars, and relying on the safety of sequels and bland material. ( Dorothy Parker memorably referred to the studio as "Metro-Goldwyn-Merde". ) Production values remained high, and even "B" pictures carried a polish and gloss that made them expensive to mount. After 1940, production was cut from 50 pictures
22378-509: The studio. MGM released David Lean 's immensely popular Doctor Zhivago (1965), later followed by such hits as The Dirty Dozen (1967), 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and Where Eagles Dare (1968). However the company's time was taken up fighting off proxy attacks by corporate raiders , and then MGM backed another series of box office failures, including the musical remake of Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969) and Ryan's Daughter (1970). Weitman moved over to Columbia in 1967 and O'Brien
22545-472: The success of the popular Laurel and Hardy films. In 1938, MGM purchased the rights to the Our Gang series from Roach and production of the successful series moved to the MGM studios, where it continued until 1944. From 1929 to 1931, MGM produced a series of comedy shorts called All Barkie Dogville Comedies , in which trained dogs were dressed up to parody contemporary films and were voiced by actors. One of
22712-460: The sure touch of Thalberg. As Thalberg's health deteriorated in 1936, Mayer could now serve as his temporary replacement. Rumors had begun circulating for some time that Thalberg was leaving MGM to set up his own independent company; his premature death at age 37 in September 1936 cost MGM dearly. After Thalberg's untimely death, Mayer became head of production, as well as studio chief, becoming
22879-674: The suspension of broadcasting their selected regular programs, due to then-President Rodrigo Duterte implementing an enhanced community quarantine in Metro Manila and Luzon in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines . The network regularly airs the PCOO-produced briefing on the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines called Public Briefing: #LagingHandaPH . In May 2020, PCOO Secretary Martin Andanar announced that
23046-417: The television rights for The Wizard of Oz to CBS , which scheduled it to be shown in November of that year. In a landmark event, the film became the first American theatrical fiction film to be shown complete in one evening on prime time television over a major American commercial network. ( Olivier's version of Hamlet was shown on prime time network TV a month later, but split in half over two weeks, and
23213-705: The third day of the EDSA Revolution, given the fact that soldiers loyal to President Corazon Aquino and civilian supporters took over the channel's broadcast facilities, but later officially rebranded as the People's Television Network (PTV) in April 1986, and in 2001, it was relaunched as the National Broadcasting Network (NBN), before renaming back to the People's Television Network in 2011, albeit in its current Visayas Avenue studios (which
23380-453: The top-rated programs in the 1960s were The Nida-Nestor Show , Buhay Artista , and Pancho Loves Tita . Another local show that has had a prevailing top rating is Tawag ng Tanghalan , the amateur singing contest hosted by Lopito and Patsy. BEC's DZAQ-TV Channel 3, following the success of the first-ever locally produced television drama Hiwaga sa Bahay na Bato in 1963, staged in 1963 the first-ever test television broadcasts in color using
23547-469: The transmitter acquired from RCA, the telecasts were received not only in Manila but also in the neighboring provinces. Except for the four engineers who were sent to the US for training, most of the personnel at ABS learned TV operations on the job. The first transmitter for the station was located in San Juan , Rizal . DZAQ-TV 3 started on a four-hour-a-day schedule, from six to ten in the evening. Although ABS
23714-588: The unsuccessful Flip the Frog series and MGM began to distribute its second series of cartoons, starring a character named Willie Whopper , that was also produced by Iwerks. In 1934, after Iwerks' distribution contract expired, MGM contracted with animation producers/directors Hugh Harman and Rudolph Ising to produce a new series of color cartoons. Harman and Ising came to MGM after breaking ties with Leon Schlesinger and Warner Bros. and brought with them their popular Looney Tunes character, Bosko . These were known as Happy Harmonies , and in many ways resembled
23881-541: The year Mayer died), the studio lost money for the first time in its 34-year history. After Spencer Tracy left MGM in 1955, the only major star remaining under contract from MGM's heyday was Robert Taylor ; by 1960, MGM had released Taylor and the last of its contract players, with many either retiring or moving on to television. In 1958, MGM released what is generally considered its last great musical, Arthur Freed's Cinemascope color production of Gigi , starring Leslie Caron , Maurice Chevalier , and Louis Jourdan . It
24048-617: Was MGM's asset value, which included subsidiary businesses, real estate, and the value of 45 years' worth of glamour associated with the name, which he attached to a Las Vegas hotel and casino . As for film-making, that part of the company was bleeding money and was quickly and severely downsized under the supervision of James T. Aubrey Jr. With changes in its business model including fewer pictures per year, more location shooting and more distribution of independent productions, MGM's operations were reduced. Aubrey sold off MGM's accumulation of props, furnishings and historical memorabilia, including
24215-421: Was a friend of David Sarnoff , then president of Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Through the intervention of Gray, Quirino was able to get assistance from RCA. Before the first telecast, Quirino initiated the importation of 120 television sets through the 60,000 pesos loan that he received from the owner of Joe's Electric, who was, in turn, the first to be bestowed with the right to sell television sets in
24382-469: Was able to round up 52 advertisers for the premiere telecast, selling spots for regular programming had proven to be difficult since buying radio ad spots was more cost-effective for advertisers. During this time, TV sets cost less than an automobile, and TV reception depended on electrical power, which was not always available. The programs aired at that time were usually borrowed films from foreign embassies, imported old cowboy movies, and actual coverage of
24549-463: Was adapted from the novel by Colette , and written by the team of Lerner and Loewe , who also wrote My Fair Lady and Camelot . Gigi was a box-office and critical success which won nine Academy Awards , including Best Picture . From it came several hit songs, including "Thank Heaven For Little Girls", "I Remember It Well", the "Waltz at Maxim's", and the Oscar-winning title song. The film
24716-603: Was bought by Pathé Communications (led by Italian publishing magnate Giancarlo Parretti ) in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais , the studio's major creditor, then took control of MGM. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso , and Australia's Seven Network in 1996. The debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGM's ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. After
24883-405: Was changed to Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation . IBC would launch an FM station, DWKB-FM , the same year. Marking the relaunch, the network debuted its vinta logo (which would be used until 1978 in two iterations). In 1976, IBC became one of the country's most-viewed TV networks with its primetime lineup and full-length local and foreign films aired on this channel. This catapulted IBC into
25050-482: Was continuing to thrive, particularly with the lucrative James Bond film franchise. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production. The studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few months later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt, while keeping the library assets for himself. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt. MGM
25217-499: Was created to run all three networks. When it became a state channel, a new logo debuted featuring IBC and 13 on separate circles, a revamp of an earlier logo which debuted in 1978–79. The new slogan " Basta Pinoy sa Trese " was in a circle to commemorate the People Power Revolution. President Aquino turned over IBC and RPN to the Government Communications Group and, through an executive order, awarded BBC's Channel 2 frequency to ABS-CBN . When BBC closed down on March 20, 1986, both
25384-402: Was forced to resign a few years later. In the mid-1960s, MGM began to diversify by investing in real estate. Edgar Bronfman Sr. purchased a controlling interest in MGM in 1966 (and was briefly chairman of the board in 1969), and in 1967 Time Inc. became the company's second-largest shareholder. In 1969, Kirk Kerkorian purchased 40 percent of MGM stock. What appealed to Kerkorian
25551-495: Was gained for lavish productions that were sophisticated and polished to cater to an urban audience. Still, as the Great Depression deepened, MGM began to economize by "recycling" existing sets, costumes, and furnishings from previous projects. This recycling practice never let up once started. In addition, MGM saved money because it was the only one of the big five studios that did not own an off-site movie ranch . Until
25718-408: Was granted a 25-year legislative franchise extension under Republic Act 8954, albeit without President Joseph Estrada 's signature; the bill lapsed into law after 30 days of inaction. That same year, IBC scored a major victory with the top-rated Philippine franchise of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? . On January 1, 2002, IBC launched its new logo and its new slogan " New Face, New Attitude " with
25885-628: Was later dropped in 2023 in favor of using the government slogan " Bagong Pilipinas ", which is shared with PTV. IBC, along with government-owned media companies People's Television Network and the Presidential Broadcast Service-Bureau of Broadcast Services , form the media arm of the PCO and it is designated as a secondary state broadcaster that primarily broadcasts education, culture, arts and sports programming. Its studios, offices and broadcast facilities are located at
26052-465: Was opened in 1992). ABC returned to broadcast on February 21, 1992. On August 9, 2008, ABC became TV5. IBC became a 100% government-owned station in the 1990s under a compromise agreement between PCGG and Roberto Benedicto, management and marketing were returned to the IBC Board of Directors. In 1998, ZOE TV was finally launched on channel 11. The channel was blocktimed by GMA Network in 2005 and
26219-485: Was opened in Cebu City, bringing four hours of locally produced programming with relays of Manila programs. When President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in September 1972, he ordered the takeover of media firms. Government troops entered radio and television stations and placed them under military control. All media outlets that were critical of the Marcos administration were padlocked and sequestered. ABS-CBN
26386-457: Was produced by MGM's trailer department as one of the compilation and promotional shows that imitated Disney's series Disneyland which was also on ABC . Parade was canceled by ABC in the 2nd quarter of 1956. MGM took bids for its movie library in 1956 from Lou Chesler and others, but decided on entering the TV market itself. Chesler had offered $ 50 million for the film library. MGM Television
26553-488: Was rebranded as Islands TV-13 (pronounced on air as "Islands TV one-three"). The new logo featured three triangles and was adorned by the slogan, " The Newest Network ". In November 1990, IBC became a 100% government-owned station by virtue of a compromise agreement between the PCGG and Roberto Benedicto. Ratings and income suffered due to mismanagement by Islands Broadcast Corporation, causing labor unrest. In March 1993,
26720-463: Was relaunched as QTV in November. The channel was again relaunched in February 2011, this time as GMA News TV. The channel was blocktimed by ABS-CBN in 2020 and was relaunched as A2Z in October. During the middle 1990s to 2000s, many UHF stations were launched such as SBN 21 , Studio 23 , Net 25 , Citynet 27 , RJTV 29 , CTV 31 , UNTV 37 , and NBC 41 among others. Philippine shows began to be exported to other Asian and non-Asian countries. After
26887-578: Was seized by the Office of Press Secretary and the National Media Production Center and DZXL-TV Channel 4 was renamed DWGT-TV Channel 4 (PTV-4), the government-owned channel. KBS, IBC, and RBS were later allowed to operate with limited three-month permits. ABS-CBN was seized from the Lopez family and Eugenio Lopez Jr., president of ABS-CBN, was imprisoned. By late 1973, RBS, which was then under blocktimer Philippine Productions,
27054-452: Was sold to Felipe Gozon, who was also the lawyer of Robert Stewart, because foreigners were not allowed to own businesses in the Philippines. RBS later changed its name to GMA Radio-Television Arts (now GMA Network ), popularly known as GMA-7. On June 6, 1973, a fire destroyed the KBS television studios (originally, the ABS television studios) on Roxas Boulevard, Pasay. Benedicto took control of
27221-480: Was started with the hiring of Bud Barry to head up the operation in June 1956. MGM Television was to distribute its films to TV (starting with the networks), TV production and purchasing TV stations. TV production was expected to start with the 1957–58 season and was to include half-hour remakes of, or series based on, its pictures. Initial feature film sales focused on selling to the networks. The year 1957 also marked
27388-490: Was terminated and she moved to Warner Brothers, where her career took a dramatic upturn. Garbo and Shearer never made another film after leaving the lot. Of the five stars, Loy and MacDonald were the only two whom Mayer later rehired, in 1947 and 1948 respectively; Crawford returned to MGM after Mayer's departure for the musical drama Torch Song in 1953. Increasingly, before and during World War II, Mayer came to rely on his "College of Cardinals"—senior producers who controlled
27555-543: Was the first to apply for a license in the Philippine Congress to establish a television station. After a year, on June 14, 1950, his request was granted. Due to the scarcity of raw materials and strict import control since 1948, he was compelled to branch into radio broadcasting instead. Lindenberg's attempt to put up a television station did not go to waste. Judge Antonio Quirino, the brother of then-Philippine President Elpidio Quirino , had been trying to get
27722-641: Was the last MGM musical to win a Best Picture Oscar, an honor that had previously gone to The Broadway Melody (1929), The Great Ziegfeld (1936), and An American in Paris (1951). The last musical film produced by the " Freed Unit " was an adaptation of the Broadway musical Bells Are Ringing (1960) with Judy Holliday and Dean Martin . However, MGM did release later musical films, including an adaptation of Meredith Willson 's The Unsinkable Molly Brown (1964) with Debbie Reynolds and Harve Presnell . MGM's first television program, The MGM Parade ,
27889-571: Was to be aired on radio and TV and set up the rules and regulations. Through other government agencies, policies on ownership, allocation of frequencies, station distribution, and program standards were promulgated. In 1973, the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas was created, and this agency allowed for self-regulation. A year later, a presidential decree created the Broadcast Media Council. The 1974 Miss Universe Pageant,
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