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32-403: "The first House Furnishing Goods Exhibition was held in New York’s Madison Square Garden in 1906. The modern housewares exposition was born in 1927 when members of the National Home Furnishings Buyers Club decided that an exhibit in centrally located Chicago would be the most efficient way to view the products of many manufacturers. The group convinced 115 manufacturers to display their wares at

64-625: A 1200-seat theatre, a concert hall with a capacity of 1500, the largest restaurant in the city and a roof garden cabaret. The final cost for the building, which the New York Times called "one of the great institutions of the town, to be mentioned along with Central Park and the bridge of Brooklyn" was $ 3 million. Topping the Garden's tower was a statue of Diana , by noted sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens , which caused Madison Square Park to become known as "Diana's little wooded park". One of

96-720: A building at The World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago , but the bottom half was destroyed by a fire after the close of the Exposition, and the top half was lost. In 1893, a hollow second version of the statue, 13 ft (4.0 m) tall and made of gilded copper, replaced the original. This is now at the Philadelphia Museum of Art , and a copy is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Saint-Gaudens made several smaller variants in bronze, one of which

128-543: A greater number of new products, although many manufacturers still had not invested in new tooling. The Show's primary importance was its abundance of personal contacts. In 1956 no more than 649 exhibitors could fit into Navy Pier. The limitations could only be solved when the Show moved into Chicago's new exposition center, McCormick Place on the Lake, in 1961." "More than 900 formerly 'squeezed' exhibitors happily stretched into

160-587: A homegoods marketplace." Madison Square Garden (1890) Madison Square Garden (1891–1926) was an indoor arena in New York City , the second by that name, and the second and last to be located at 26th Street and Madison Avenue in Manhattan . Opened in 1891 at the cost of about $ 500,000, it replaced the first Madison Square Garden , and hosted numerous events, including boxing matches, orchestral performances, light operas and romantic comedies,

192-476: Is also the sport of indoor American football (one variant of which is explicitly known as arena football), a variant of the outdoor game that is designed for the usual smaller playing surface of most arenas; variants of other traditionally outdoor sports, including box lacrosse as well as futsal and indoor soccer , also exist. The term "arena" is also used loosely to refer to any event or type of event which either literally or metaphorically takes place in such

224-632: Is best remembered for showcasing the first indoor professional football games. The 1902 event involved five teams. The Knickerbocker Athletic Club , "New York team" , Syracuse Athletic Club and the Warslow Athletic Club represented New York state. Meanwhile, the Orange Athletic Club represented New Jersey . The eventual winner of the 1902 series was the Syracuse Athletic Club . The event returned to

256-429: Is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectators, and may be covered by a roof. The key feature of an arena is that the event space is the lowest point, allowing maximum visibility. Arenas are usually designed to accommodate a multitude of spectators. The word derives from Latin harena , a particularly fine-grained sand that covered the floor of ancient arenas such as

288-460: The Cathedral of Seville – soaring 32 stories – the city's second tallest building at the time – dominating Madison Square Park . It was 200 feet (61 m) by 485 feet (148 m), and the main hall, which was the largest in the world, measured 200 feet (61 m) by 350 feet (110 m), with permanent seating for 8,000 people and floor space for thousands more. It had

320-628: The Colosseum in Rome , Italy, to absorb blood. The term arena is sometimes used as a synonym for a very large venue such as Pasadena's Rose Bowl , but such a facility is typically called a stadium . The use of one term over the other has mostly to do with the type of event. Football (be it association , rugby , gridiron , Australian rules , or Gaelic ) is typically played in a stadium, while basketball , volleyball , handball , and ice hockey are typically played in an arena, although many of

352-505: The 13th Show at McCormick Place, fully expecting to meet 15,000 buyers the next morning on opening day. Instead, the industry experienced its greatest catastrophe and the most strenuous test of its resolve. At 2 a.m., security guards detected a small fire; faulty electrical wiring had ignited storage materials in one exhibitor's booth on the upper-level main exhibit area. The flames spread rapidly through flammable exhibit walls and materials, and although firefighters responded within 10 minutes,

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384-469: The Century . The new building, which replaced an antiquated open-air structure that was previously a railroad passenger depot , was built by a syndicate which included J. P. Morgan , Andrew Carnegie , P. T. Barnum , Darius Mills , James Stillman and W. W. Astor . White gave them a Beaux-Arts structure with a Moorish feel, including a minaret-like tower modeled after Giralda , the bell tower of

416-877: The Garden in 1903 for the second and final time. The 1903 series featured the Knickerbocker Athletic Club, Olympic Athletic Club , Oreos Athletic Club and Watertown Red & Black representing New York state. Meanwhile, the Orange Athletic Club represented New Jersey, and the Franklin Athletic Club represented western Pennsylvania . The Franklin Athletic Club would go on to claim the event's final title. On January 8, 1909, Matthew Maloney finished ahead of James Crowley and Sidney Hatch in an indoor marathon before 5,000 "wildly cheering" spectators held within

448-620: The Garden. Maloney was reported to have set a new indoor record for the event (2:54:45.4). The Millrose Games were first held at the arena in 1914. The Garden continued to host The Westminster Kennel Club's annual dog show. This championship is the third-longest running U.S. sporting event (behind only the Kentucky Derby and Kentucky Oaks). Boxing has a long history at Madison Square Garden. The original Garden presented boxing matches even before they were technically legal, calling them "exhibitions" or "illustrated lectures". Among

480-561: The NHMA (National Housewares Manufacturers Association), the antecedent of IHA. The new NHMA signed the Philadelphia Convention Hall for its first joint exposition from April 27 – May 2, 1947, marking the end of the "hotel era" and moving into a true exhibition arena. The Housewares Show grew swiftly after World War II ended. Exhibitors continually strained to expand their booth space, and would-be exhibitors battered at

512-517: The Stevens (later renamed Conrad Hilton) Hotel on January 3–7, 1928, now known as the Hilton Chicago . The newly established National House Furnishing Manufacturers Association (NHFMA) responded to their buyers’ request for an annual exhibition, and for the next 10 years, shows including kitchenware and major appliances were held at the Stevens. The International Housewares Association (IHA)

544-535: The West Building (Donnelley Hall) was pressed into service for new exhibitors with an extra day to attract buyers. McCormick Place’s new North building added 300,000 square feet (28,000 m) in 1986 to a Show that occupied three buildings. In 1991, NHMA moved to new quarters in Rosemont near O'Hare Airport . The show changed its title several times, most notably from the “National Housewares Exposition” in

576-525: The annual French Ball, both the Barnum and the Ringling circuses, and the 1924 Democratic National Convention , which nominated John W. Davis after 103 ballots. The building closed in 1925, and was replaced by the third Madison Square Garden at Eighth Avenue and 50th Street, which was the first to be located away from Madison Square . Madison Square Garden II, as it has come to be called in retrospect,

608-636: The championship to Stanislaus Zbyszko on May 6, 1921. From 1899 until its demolition, Madison Square Garden hosted the Six Days of New York , an annual six-day racing event of track cycling . Despite its importance to the New York cultural scene in the early 20th century, Madison Square Garden II was never any more of a financial success than the original Garden was, and the New York Life Insurance Company , which held

640-638: The comfortable 310,000 square feet (29,000 m) of new space. Yet the grand facility was still too small for demand. The excitement brought 33,000 attendees to McCormick Place for opening day in 1961. The Show bid farewell to Atlantic City and contracted for both semi-annual Shows in Chicago. The fortunes of the International Housewares Show were joined with McCormick Place for the next 36 years." Late Sunday night, January 15, 1967, 1,236 exhibitors finished setting up their booths for

672-456: The doors. To accommodate the growing number of companies, the Show moved to Chicago's Navy Pier in 1949. By 1949 the show was an international marketplace hosting buyers from 11 countries. The Show narrowed its product categories, terminating the major appliance segment and changing its name from the "National Housewares and Major Appliance Exhibit" to the "National Housewares and Home Appliance Manufacturers Exhibit" in 1950. The 1950 event saw

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704-588: The larger arenas hold more spectators than do the stadiums of smaller colleges or high schools. There are exceptions. The home of the Duke University men's and women's basketball teams would qualify as an arena, but the facility is called Cameron Indoor Stadium . Domed stadiums, which, like arenas, are enclosed but have the larger playing surfaces and seating capacities found in stadiums, are generally not referred to as arenas in North America. There

736-719: The mammoth building's roof collapsed in less than one hour. By the time the fires was declared extinguished at 9:46 a.m., the country's largest exposition hall was a total loss. In dollar value, the fire was more costly than the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Only one person perished in this tragedy. NHMA management convened at its Merchandise Mart office to mount a new Show as quickly as possible. Sales materials fortunately remaining in hotel rooms and product samples scooped up from Merchandise Mart showrooms and department stores had to substitute for exhibits worth thousands of dollars. Several other cities stepped in to compete for

768-418: The many events which were held in the new Garden were a number of significant boxing matchups. A bout between defending heavyweight champion Jess Willard and challenger Frank Moran on March 25, 1916, which brought in $ 152,000, the largest Garden take to that date. Also, Jack Dempsey 's knockout of Bill Brennan in the 12th round on December 14, 1920. Professional wrestling was also successfully staged at

800-429: The mortgage on it, decided to tear it down to make way for a new headquarters building, which would become the landmark Cass Gilbert -designed New York Life Building . Construction on the new building began in 1926, and was completed in 1928. Indoor arena An arena is a large enclosed platform, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theatre , musical performances , and/or sporting events . It

832-425: The possible models for Diana was Julia Baird, a well-known artist's model. The original gilt copper statue was 18 ft (5.5 m) tall, and weighed 1,800 lb (820 kg), and spun with the wind; Saint-Gaudens had draped the statue in cloth, but this was soon blown away. The statue was put in place in 1891, but was soon thought to be too large by Saint-Gaudens and White. It was removed and placed on top of

864-600: The trade show, but only Chicago had enough hotel rooms and the transportation systems to move 60,000 visitors in and out. Within a month, NHMA announced the Show would go on, at the International Amphitheatre on June 12–16." "A new McCormick Place rose, and in January 1971, the 54th International Housewares Show was back at the exposition center. 700,000 square feet (65,000 m) replaced the former facility’s 480,000 square feet (45,000 m). In 1979,

896-520: The venue, as with later incarnations of the Garden. The World Heavyweight Championship derives from George Hackenschmidt 's victory in two straight falls at the Garden over Tom Jenkins on May 4, 1905. Joe Stecher regained the championship from Earl Caddock at the venue on January 30, 1920, the earliest American professional wrestling match to survive on film. The venue also hosted the next two title changes, Ed "Strangler" Lewis ' victory over Stecher on December 13, 1920, and his subsequent loss of

928-546: The ‘80s to the “International Housewares Show” in 1992, when it became a single annual January Show in Chicago. In 1997, the International Housewares Show opened in the grand new South building of the McCormick Place complex. In 2004, IHA moved the trade show from its long-standing January date to a March timeframe and renamed it the International Home + Housewares Show in recognition of show's evolution to

960-417: Was designed by noted architect Stanford White , who kept an apartment there. In 1906 White was murdered in the Garden's rooftop restaurant by millionaire Harry Kendall Thaw over White's affair with Thaw's wife, the well-known actress Evelyn Nesbit , who claimed White had raped her when she was 16. The resulting sensational press coverage of the scandal caused Thaw's trial to be one of the first Trials of

992-842: Was formed from multiple mergers among different organizations. The National House Furnishing Manufacturers Association (NHFMA) joined with the House Furnishing Manufacturers Association of America (HFMAA) to create a single non-profit organization called the Housewares Manufacturers Association (HMA). In 1941, the new HMA put on its first show at the Palmer House . In 1946, the HMA and the New York Manufacturers Association merged to become

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1024-592: Was on display in the entryway of both Madison Square Garden III , built in 1925, and the current Madison Square Garden . The opening of the new arena was attended by over 17,000 people – who paid up to $ 50 for tickets to the event – including J.P. Morgan , the Pierponts, the Whitneys and General William Tecumseh Sherman . In 1902 and 1903, the Garden hosted the World Series of Football , which

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