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41-647: Remy Amador Presas (December 19, 1936 – August 28, 2001) was the founder of Modern Arnis , a popular Filipino martial art . Born in the Philippines , he moved to the United States in 1974, where he taught his art via seminars and camps. In 1982 he was inducted into the Black Belt Hall of Fame as Instructor of the Year. He published several books and videos on Modern Arnis and is recognised as

82-572: A bachelor's degree in physical education and taught the subject at the University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos ; because of this he was addressed as Professor Presas, and became known in martial arts circles as "the Professor". He later worked for the Philippine government in the area of physical education, spreading arnis instruction through the high schools. Presas was forced to leave

123-773: A graduate school named the Recoletos de Bacolod Graduate School . UNO-R also offers TESDA -accredited courses under the Recoletos Industrial and Technology Training Center (RITTC) . The University's patron saint is Nicholas of Tolentino . Saint Nicholas of Tolentino, known as the Patron of Holy Souls , was born at Sant' Angelo, near Fermo , in Italy in the March of Ancona , around 1246. His parents, Compagnonus de Guarutti and Amata de Guidiani, were originally unable to have

164-427: A part of the curriculum. It is said that, originally, the cane was considered sacred by practitioners (Arnisadores), and therefore an arnis practitioner was expected to hit his cane at the hand or forearm of his sparring partner and not at the latter's cane. This had the advantage of being the preferred method in actual combat, referred to as "defanging the snake", that is, making the opponent drop his weapon so that he

205-587: A variety of other Filipino systems, most notably Venancio Bacon 's Balintawak . Beginning with a small gymnasium in Bacolod in the 1950s, he attempted to spread the art to the local youth as both a cultural legacy and a form of physical development or sport. He taught the art at the University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos . His desire to reinvigorate interest in his country's traditional martial art grew over time, and he began making modifications and improvements to what he had learned. In 1969 he moved to Manila at

246-619: Is a private , Catholic coeducational basic and higher education institution administered by the Order of Augustinian Recollects in Bacolod , Negros Occidental , Philippines . It was founded in 1941. All six colleges and Integrated School departments (N-10 and Grades 11 and 12) of UNO-Recoletos are undergoing accreditation from the Philippines Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAASCU). The Recoletos de Bacolod Graduate School (RBGS)

287-680: Is called the Recoletos Online Learning Extension and administered by the Agriculture Program under the College of Arts and Sciences. The University of Negros Occidental – Recoletos was founded in 1941 in Talisay, Negros Occidental by Dr. Antonio A. Lizares and Dr. Francisco Kilayko. Then known as Occidental Negros Institute , the school offered first and second years of high school education. Upon

328-412: Is healthy and continues to attract students. Current practitioners of Modern Arnis or arts strongly influenced by Modern Arnis who are prominent include: Bambit Dulay, Rene Tongson, Tim Hartman, Tye Botting, Chuck Gauss, Ken Smith, Kelly Worden, Rodel Dagooc and Dieter Knuettel. Modern Arnis continues to be taught worldwide. One of the characteristics of Filipino martial arts is the use of weapons from

369-538: Is less of a threat. However, it discouraged many would-be practitioners who found this training too painful and injury-inducing. The result was that the Filipino martial arts became in danger of dying out; in most areas of the Philippines, Japanese martial arts such as Karate and Judo were much more popular than the indigenous systems. Remy Presas' modernization of the training method was intended to help preserve

410-401: Is the larger of the two. There are other notable Modern Arnis organizations, including International Modern Arnis Federation Philippines (IMAFP), based in the Philippines and led by some of the most senior Filipino masters of Modern Arnis; Arnis International founded by Bruce Chiu; a group headed by Tim Hartman (WMAA); a German group headed by Dieter Knuettel (DAV); and others. Presas earned

451-594: Is the modern Arnis but showed the different ways of the traditional and modern. In 1966 Remy Presas began developing his own system which he called "Modern Arnis" by identifying the basic concepts of the numerous systems he had learned and merging them. By 1969 Modern Arnis had been approved by the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation as a regular subject to be taught at the National College of Physical education. Presas

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492-406: Is traditionally bordered with red; however, some groups use a plain black belt. In addition to rank, titles such as Datu , Commissioner, Master of Tapi-Tapi, Senior Master, Punong Guro , etc., have occasionally been granted to certain high-ranking individuals. The title Guro is typically given to all Lakans and Dayangs . Modern Arnis is perpetuated worldwide and some of the countries where

533-537: Is undergoing accreditation from PACUCOA. Moreover, Department of Computer Studies is recognized by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) the distinction as Center of Development and Excellence . Additionally, CHED, through the Institutional Development and Innovation Grant (IDIG) proposals, funded an e-Learning initiative for agriculture education project in the institution. The project

574-450: The "Father of Modern Arnis". Presas was born in the town of Hinigaran , Negros Occidental , Philippines , the son of Jose B. Presas, a businessman, and the former Lucia Amador. He began studying arnis with his father then with his grandfather, Leon Presas, and uncle at the age of six. By the age of fourteen he had his first stick fighting match with a Sinawali master that Presas knocked out with one stick hit. He continued to travel across

615-581: The Filipino martial arts. Presas was married twice, first to Rosemary Pascual Presas, with whom he had five children, and to Yvette Wong, with whom he had two children. Modern Arnis Arnis is the Philippines' national martial art and sport, after President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed the Republic Act. No. 9850 in 2009. RA 9850 is a consolidation of House Bill No. 6516 authored by South Cotabato Rep. Arthur Pingoy Jr., and Senate Bill No. 1424 authored by Majority leader Juan Miguel Zubiri with

656-512: The Filipino martial arts. He taught the method of hitting cane-on-cane during practice, which attracted more newcomers to the art and allowed the art to be taught in the Philippines' school system. "Defanging the snake" remains a principle of Modern Arnis, however, and in practical application, one would typically strike the hand or arm. The technique can be used empty-handed, where it is known as "limb destruction". Training covers empty-hand self-defense (striking, locking, throwing, etc.) as well as

697-539: The IMAF and operates independently worldwide. In many ways, the situation is analogous to what occurred in the Jeet Kune Do and American Kenpo communities following the deaths of their popular and charismatic founders. In particular, the question of how high-ranking arnisadors should test for higher rank has been settled by different organizations in different ways. In some cases this has caused controversy. The art

738-597: The Philippine Islands to learn from other masters and to compete in stick-fighting competitions and many street fights. Presas eventually focused on Balintawak Eskrima , but earned a 6th degree black belt in Shotokan Karate and a black belt in judo . He had brothers who also trained Arnis since a young age, Ernesto A Presas, the younger brother of Remy, studied in Japan and learned several martial arts

779-414: The ability level of each student: likas (green belt), likha (brown belt), and lakan (black belt). Lakan encompassed ten degrees. He issued certificates of rank, and began using the title Guro which became widespread throughout all Filipino Martial Arts Circles. Presas developed what came to be known as the "Arnis Uniform" consisting of loose fitting cotton trousers and a karategi style top low cut at

820-615: The art (as opposed to titles such as guro ("teacher") or Punong Guro ("Head teacher") that recognized teaching and/or technical ability). Most prominent among these titles were Datu , meaning a chieftain or leader, awarded in this order to Shishir Inocalla , Kelly Worden and Ric "Bong" Jornales (of Arnis Sikaran) (all in the 1980s), Dieter Knuettel (1996), Tim Hartman and David Hoffman (both in 2000); and Master of Tapi-Tapi, awarded to Jeff Delaney, Chuck Gauss, Jim Ladis, Gaby Roloff, Randi Schea , Ken Smith, and Brian Zawilinski. The title of Master of Tapi Tapi denotes those who have attained

861-426: The art in with a student's previous training ("the art within your art"), smoothly reacting to changing situations in the fight ("the flow"), and countering the opponent's attempt to counter strikes directed at him ("tapi-tapi"). Practitioners are called arnisadors or Modern Arnis players. In addition to its Filipino influences, elements of Judo , Shotokan Karate , and Wally Jay 's Small Circle Jujutsu appear in

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902-693: The art is most popular are the Philippines, the United States, Canada , and Germany, but there are practitioners in many other nations as well. There are numerous organizations that continue to spread the art of Modern Arnis, to include (in alphabetical order) DAV (Germany), IMAF (US & Germany), IMAFP (Philippines) and the WMAA (Global). University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos The University of Negros Occidental – Recoletos, Incorporated ( UNO-Recoletos , Filipino : Unibersidad ng Negros Occidental – Rekoletos, Incorporated , colloquially UNO-R ),

943-409: The art of Modern Arnis. In particular, many locks from Small Circle Jujitsu were added to Modern Arnis. The art continued to grow and change, in technique and in emphasis, though it always retained a focus on the single stick and on general self-defense. Those who trained with Remy Presas in the United States in the 1970s and early 1980s experienced the art differently from those who began training in

984-703: The art. The International Modern Arnis Federation Philippines would come to be the lead Modern Arnis organization in the Philippines, and the Deutscher Arnis Verband of Germany would be the lead organization in Europe . In the United States, the International Modern Arnis Federation (IMAF) was the principal organization as far as certification was concerned, but the founder created a variety of titles that indicated some level of organizational or leadership authority in

1025-758: The country in 1974 because of pressure from certain government officials. He moved to the United States, first staying in the home of his student, Dean Stockwell and spent the rest of his life living in North America , but traveled worldwide to conduct seminars. Presas died on August 28, 2001, in Victoria, British Columbia , Canada from brain cancer . Since his death, several groups have emerged to carry on instruction in his art. His younger brothers Ernesto Presas and Roberto Presas, as well as several of his children (most notably his eldest son, Remy P. Presas who heads his own Modern Arnis organization), are active in

1066-463: The first acting Rector. As of August 31, 2022, Reverend Fr. Joel A. Alve was appointed as the University's 18th president. UNO-R offers pre-school, Grade school, Junior High School, and Senior High School through its Integrated School, as well as diploma programs, undergraduate and graduate level programs. As of 2023, it has seven academic colleges namely: UNO-R also has a School of Law and

1107-539: The founders death in 2001, these duties have since been past on to (MARPPIO)—operated by the Professors eldest son Remy P. Presas Jr with the aid of the founders other children, and the rest of the Presas Family. There are two other bifurcated groups, one headed by Jeff Delaney and often referred to as IMAF-Delaney, and the other formerly headed by Randi Schea, often referred to as IMAF-Schea. The latter group

1148-598: The help of Richard Gialogo. RA 9850 is expected to help propagate arnis as a modern martial art/sport that can compete with popular non-Filipino arts, i.e. taekwondo , karate and judo . The Act mandates the Department of Education to include the sport as a Physical Education course. Remy Presas studied his family's system from an early age. He went on to study the Japanese systems of Shotokan Karate and Judo, achieving high rank in each; but he simultaneously studied

1189-610: The high level of proficiency in Modern Arnis' Tapi - Tapi. The Datus were expected to take leadership roles that might see them move in different, and perhaps less conventional, directions. Through 2001, however, the art remained largely united under the founder. In the wake of the 2001 death of Remy Presas, there was a splintering of the remaining leadership of Modern Arnis. The IMAF, the organization of record for North American Modern Arnis practitioners, split into two subgroups, one headed by Randi Schea and one headed by Jeff Delaney;

1230-624: The late 1990s. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s he traveled extensively for seminars – the principal form of instruction in the system was through weekend training camps held around the world but especially in the U.S. – and produced books and videos. During the 1990s Wally Jay, Remy Presas (Modern Arnis), and George Dillman (Kyusho Jitsu) traveled together throughout the United States and worldwide promulgating small-circle jujitsu. At that time many elements of Small Circle JuJitsu were well integrated into Modern Arnis. During this time he experimented with different forms of titles and leadership in

1271-554: The outbreak of World War II in the Philippines in December of that same year, the institute closed temporarily. Occidental Negros Institute was re-established in Bacolod in 1946, this time offering elementary , high school and three tertiary degree programs. The campus transferred from Locsin street (formerly Smith Street) to Lupit Subdivision in Lizares Avenue, its present site, in 1950. Dr. Antonio Lizares served as

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1312-408: The ranks is gender-specific. For men the rank is referred to as Lakan ( Tagalog for nobleman ) while for women it is referred to as Dayang (Tagalog for lady ). Thus, a first degree black belt in Modern Arnis would be referred to as either a Lakan Isa or a Dayang Isa , depending on his or her gender. The "zero-degree" rank, if used, is referred to as simply Lakan or Dayang . The black belt

1353-438: The remaining five Masters of Tapi-Tapi associated with the group led by Randi Schea. Remy Presas' son Remy P. Presas and his siblings formed a group following his father's death, and Tim Hartman and Dieter Knuettel increased the independence of their organizations (the WMAA and DAV, respectively). In 2012 Randi Schea and Jim Ladis retired from the IMAF. In 2018, Brian Zawilinski, the senior-most Master of Tapi Tapi, resigned from

1394-727: The request of a government official, and formed the Modern Arnis Federation of the Philippines. He was assisted by individuals such as those who now are on the Modern Arnis Senior Masters Council: Rodel Dagooc, Jerry dela Cruz, Roland Dantes , Vicente Sanchez , Rene Tongson , and Cristino Vasquez. He continued to develop and spread his art, including via books, until political considerations forced him to relocate to North America . There he met Wally Jay , George Dillman , and other artists who influenced his development of

1435-679: The school's first President with Dr. Francisco Kilayko as the School Director. On May 15, 1957, ONI was elevated to university status by the Acting Secretary of Education, Martin V. Aguilar, Jr. ONI became the University of Negros Occidental , the first university in the province. Five years later, on May 25, 1962, UNO was acquired by the Augustinian Recollect friars. UNO became the University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos with Fr. Federico Terradillos, OAR, as

1476-597: The system. Modern Arnis uses a ranking system similar to the Dan ranks used in Karate and other Japanese systems. There are some minor variations between organizations as to the exact number of belts. There are 10 or 11 black belt ranks in Modern Arnis, depending on the organization. They are numbered in Tagalog : Many groups use a "zero-degree" black belt rank as a probationary stage that comes before Isa . The actual name of

1517-404: The trademark single and double stick techniques of the Filipino martial arts. Other aspects of the art include espada y daga (sword and dagger fighting), sinawali (double stick weaving patterns), and tapi-tapi (locking drills with the stick). In addition to partner drills, Modern Arnis includes the use of anyo ( kata ), solo forms both with and without the stick. Emphasis is placed on fitting

1558-535: The two brothers had learned from their father Jose Bonce Presas and grandfather and other relatives called "family style", which some elements in "Modern Arnis" and in "Arnis Presas style", despite similar methods and development, through the joint efforts of the brothers, the went different routes. Remy moved to the USA, Ernesto stayed in the PH, but travelled extensive teaching Arnis, he spoke highly of Remy and not only told this

1599-423: The very beginning of training and Modern Arnis is no exception. The primary weapon is the rattan stick, called a cane or baston ( baton ), which varies in size, but is usually about 28 inches (71 cm) in length. Both single and double stick techniques are taught, with an emphasis on the former; unarmed defenses against the stick and against bladed weapons (which the stick is sometimes taken to represent) are

1640-686: The waist. In 1982 Presas was inducted into the Black Belt Hall of Fame as Instructor of the Year. In 1994 he was again honored by Black Belt as Weapons Instructor of the Year. Presas formed the International Modern Arnis Federation (IMAF) in 1970 as the principal organization for the promotion and administration of Modern Arnis in North America. The organization was responsible for maintaining records of promotions and other administrative tasks. After

1681-534: Was the Arnis consultant in the 1974 Philippines produced film The Pacific Connection . While working on this film he instructed and became friends with US actor Dean Stockwell . Beginning with a small gymnasium in Bacolod in the 1950s, he attempted to spread the art to the local youth as both a cultural legacy and a form of physical development or sport. Presas instituted a ranking system with Modern Arnis to identify

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