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International Primary Curriculum

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The International Primary Curriculum ( IPC ) is an independent programme of education for learners aged 5 to 11, cited by The SAGE Handbook of Research in International Education in 2015 as one of the three major international systems of education and one of two identified programmes specifically with international education objectives. The IPC forms part of a continuum of curricula, including the International Early Years Curriculum (IEYC) and the International Middle Years Curriculum (IMYC), and was identified as forming a key part of the rise in international education.

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43-643: The curriculum was developed in the late 1990s by a group of international school educators and the support of Shell Oil 's international education division and was launched as a standalone international curriculum in 2000. From the IPC Curriculum Guide (2020), the design of the IPC cites 7 foundations that present the curriculum as a holistic programme of education for 5-11 year-olds, separated into three 'mileposts' (5–6 years old, 7–9 years old, and 10–11 years old). The 7 foundations are listed as: The IPC

86-727: A further education college to prepare themselves for the Vocational Certificate of Education (VCE), which is similar to the A-levels. Major provider of vocational qualifications in the United Kingdom include the City and Guilds of London Institute and Edexcel . Higher National Certificates and Higher National Diplomas typically require 1 and 2 years of full-time study and credit from either HNE or Diplomas can be transferred toward an undergraduate degree. Along with

129-637: A bachelor's degree or higher, whilst 52% of British people aged 25 to 34 had attended some form of tertiary education, about 4% above the OECD average of 44%. Education was listed as a charitable purpose by the Parliament of England in the Charitable Uses Act 1601 . In each country there are five stages of education: early years, primary, secondary, further education (FE) and higher education (HE). The law states that full-time education

172-559: A big part, how the education is delivered is just as important. While English-language international schools are the most numerous, many international schools teaching primarily in other languages exist. For instance, there are 140 "German Schools Abroad" which are accredited and partly funded by the German federal government through the Central Agency for German Schools Abroad (Zentralstelle für das Auslandsschulwesen) and teach

215-536: A conference in Italy in 2009, the International Association of School Librarianship came up with a list of criteria for describing an international school, including However, educators disagree on what the exact criteria should focus on. Factors such as international history, culture, and perspective within the education curriculum make a school "international". Although students' nationality plays

258-581: A curriculum at least partly based on German schools. According to the German Foreign Office, the government's support of these schools "helps to overcome cultural barriers, to convey a modern, diverse image of our country and to strengthen German language skills in other countries." Other examples of non-English international schools include: Curricula in English-language international schools are most often based on education in

301-490: A curriculum different from the host country, catering mainly to foreign students, such as members of expatriate communities, international businesses or organisations, diplomatic missions, or missionary programmes. Admission is sometimes open to local students to provide qualifications for employment or higher education in a foreign country, offer high-level language instruction, and/or foster cultural and global awareness. The first international school can be traced back to

344-493: A handful of agencies that specialize in recruiting international teachers. Over the years it has become more difficult to recruit young international teachers, partly because of security concerns and the trend towards less attractive compensation packages. In some countries, such as South Korea , recent visa changes have also made it more difficult to obtain both qualified and unqualified teachers. As of 2020, 33% of international schools are categorised as bilingual, with English as

387-517: Is a fitting opportunity for attending students to acquire a second language. International schools have also risen in popularity with the fast-paced growth of globalisation. Hannah Smith of The Guardian wrote in 2013 that many students of international schools move between countries and places constantly. Several reported that they feel they have no one place where they have roots or background. Many international students are often referred to as third culture kids (TCKs). A phenomenon they experience

430-473: Is a separate system. Further education (FE) refers to post-secondary education in England and Wales. FE may include the study of apprenticeships , A-levels , BTEC , International Baccalaureate , NVQ or others, ranging from entry level to the highest level (Level 3, equivalent to A-level) and aim to prepare students for higher education. The sixth form is one type of FE, which includes post-16 study that

473-467: Is an important distinction between private for-profit and private non-for-profit schools. Faculty at international schools are usually from or certified by the standards of their country of origin. Hiring is frequently done at large international job fairs, such as the ones held by the Council of International Schools (CIS), where schools can interview and hire several teachers at once. There are also

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516-539: Is closing with more students in good or outstanding schools from all social backgrounds. A 2016 report by the Equality and Human Rights Commission said that racial inequality exists in the Great Britain education system. It was found that 6% of Black school leavers went on to attend a Russell Group university, compared with 12% of mixed race and Asian school leavers, and 11% of White school leavers. In 2009, it

559-633: Is compulsory for all children between the ages of 5 (4 in Northern Ireland) and 16. In England, compulsory education or training was extended to 18 in 2015. Before they reach compulsory school age, children can be educated at nursery ; the four governments all provide universal funding for children from the age of three years old or younger. Further education is non-compulsory, and covers advanced education which can be taken at further (including tertiary) education colleges and higher education institutions (HEIs). The fifth stage, higher education,

602-731: Is having their identity shaped mainly through people instead of place. An online survey by Denizen shows that over 200 participants first moved before nine years old and, on average, lived in four countries. These reccurring moves mean children continuously leave friends and relationships, which can bring about stress and anxiety. The transition to a completely new environment and culture can be burdensome as well. However, most international schools understand these circumstances and help students with this transition period through counselling programmes. International school associations and services: International schools International school teachers Examinations and qualifications Education in

645-404: Is introduced during the secondary school years and goes on until further and higher education. Secondary vocational education is also known as further education. It is separate from secondary education and does not belong to the category of higher education. Further education incorporates vocational oriented education as well as a combination of general secondary education. Students can also go on to

688-412: Is presented to schools through a number of thematic units of learning, which bring together the learning of multiple subjects associated with that theme over a 3, 6 or 9 week period. All the units follow the same Process to Facilitate Learning, which has the following stages: The 8 Personal Learning Goals of the IPC are to become: The subjects included in the IPC subject learning goals are: As of 2021,

731-497: Is study beyond A-levels or BTECs (and their equivalent) which, for most full-time students, takes place in HEIs such as universities and colleges. The National Curriculum , established in 1988, provides a framework for education in England between the ages of 5 and 16. Although the curriculum is compulsory, some private schools, home educators , academies and free schools design their own curricula. Following devolution in 1999,

774-451: Is undertaken after completing GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). Sixth form may be offered by sixth form colleges or by schools which teach the 11–18 age-range and have an attached sixth form. Further education colleges generally provide a wider curriculum and have a wider range of options for FE, including vocational forms of education (such as NVQs ). Tertiary colleges provide both academic and vocational courses. In

817-631: Is valued around the globe for its quality and rigorous academic standards. Several British universities are ranked among the top universities in the world, including the University of Cambridge , the University of Oxford , Imperial College London , and UCL . In 2023, most students who sat for GCSEs undertook 9 subjects. In 2023, the most common combination of three subjects that was undertaken by students included: 1) English Language, 2) English Literature and 3) Mathematics, with 61.2% of students studying these three subjects in combination. Sitting

860-675: The General Certificate of Education, Advanced Level (A-levels), or the Advanced Highers in Scotland. As with the GCSE, students who sit for the exam choose the subjects and the number of advanced examinations. In 2022, students who sat for A-Levels averagely undertook 2.64 subjects. WES awards undergraduate credit based on the nature and number of subjects passed. Each university has their own set of admission policies and

903-582: The ISC Research Data , there were a total of 7,655 registered International schools worldwide. That number has since risen to 12,373 registered international schools in July 2021. The number of students attending international schools has also increased from 3.54 million to 5.68 million since 2011. In April 2007, there were 4,179 English-speaking international schools, which was expected to rise with globalisation . In New Delhi , worldwide entries for

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946-781: The International School of Geneva , founded in 1924 by Arthur Sweetser and Ludwik Rajchman with an emphasis on bilingual education (English and French). Later that year, the Yokohama International School was established in Yamate , Yokohama , Japan . These schools catered to children of expatriate families. These could include diplomats, missionaries, military members, business workers transferred to foreign office locations, etc. An example would be children of American military personnel attending Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS). At

989-683: The Programme for International Student Assessment , coordinated by the OECD , ranked the overall knowledge and skills of British 15-year-olds as 13th in the world in reading, literacy, mathematics, and science. The average British student scored 503.7, compared with the OECD average of 493. In 2014, the country spent 6.6% of its GDP on all levels of education – 1.4 percentage points above the OECD average of 5.2%. In 2017, 45.7% of British people aged 25 to 64 had attended some form of post-secondary education. Of British people aged 25 to 64, 22.6% had attained

1032-416: The University of Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) June 2009 examination session are up by almost 20% on the same session last year. The strong growth confirms the status of Cambridge IGCSE as the world's, and India 's, most popular international curriculum for 14- to 16-year-olds. With rapid globalization, these numbers will most likely continue to grow. Asia and

1075-623: The HNC and HND, students who are interested in other vocational qualifications may pursue a Foundation degree , which is a qualification that trains people to be highly skilled technicians. The National Apprenticeship Service also offers vocational education where people at ages of 16 and older enter apprenticeships in order to learn a skilled trade . There are over 60 different certifications can be obtained through an apprenticeship, which typically lasts from 1 to 3 years. Trades apprentices receive paid wages during training and spend one day at school and

1118-460: The IPC is used by over 1,000 international schools in over 90 countries. International school International schools are private schools that promote education in an international environment or framework. Although there is no uniform definition or criteria, international schools are usually characterised by a multinational student body and staff, multilingual instruction, curricula oriented towards global perspectives and subjects, and

1161-502: The Middle East are the leading geographical locations in international school growth. Enrollment in international schools located in the Middle East alone has grown by 20% since 2015, reaching 1.7 million enrolled students. Southeast Asia has grown by 35.5% and East Asia has grown by 33.3% since. South Asia experienced the largest jump in growth by 64.6% since 2015. Since international schools also tend to offer bilingual education, it

1204-583: The UK spent £3.2 billion on early years education, £27.7 billion on primary education, £38.2 billion on secondary education and £5.9 billion on tertiary education. In total, the UK spent £83.4 billion on education (includes £8.4 billion on other categories). Schools and universities in Britain are popular destinations for international students. The country's universities and colleges have educated many heads of state and government around

1247-760: The United Kingdom Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter, with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments. The UK Government is responsible for England , whilst the Scottish Government , the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland , respectively. For details of education in each country, see: In 2018,

1290-775: The United Kingdom , education in the United States , or curricula specially designed for international schools, such as the International General Certificate of Secondary Education or the IB Diploma Programme . These international curricula are committed to internationalism, developing the global citizen, providing an environment for optimal learning, and teaching in an international setting that fosters understanding, independence, interdependence, and cooperation. Like other schools, international schools teach language arts, mathematics,

1333-420: The United Kingdom, higher education is offered by universities and other institutions (colleges, institutes, schools, and academies) and includes both research-oriented and higher professional education. Universities provide programmes that lead to a degree (bachelor's, master's, or doctorate) and non-degree programmes that lead to a vocational qualification such as a certificate or diploma. British higher education

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1376-678: The Welsh Government took responsibility for education in Wales and the curriculum began to differ from that of England. The National Curriculum for Wales was established and is now being succeeded by the Curriculum for Wales . In Scotland, the equivalent is the Curriculum for Excellence . Scotland's qualifications system of National 4/5s, Highers and Advanced Highers are very similar to Advanced Subsidiary (AS) and Advanced Level (A2) courses in England. The Northern Ireland Curriculum

1419-520: The addition of ESL ( English as a second language ) classes for students who may need them. In addition, students may select Advanced Placement (AP) programmes to prepare for college-level education, specifically in the United States. An international school teacher or educator is someone engaged in the education of pupils in schools other than their country of citizenship. The term generally refers to teachers who are teaching in private schools or public schools . While these schools are private, there

1462-419: The exam represents the end of 11 years of mandatory education. A General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), or Higher in Scotland, is awarded for each subject passed and World Education Services issues a high school diploma after the evaluation of a minimum of three GCSEs. Pre-university education in the United Kingdom is a two-year senior secondary programme that leads to a new round of examinations,

1505-570: The launch of the International Early Years Curriculum (IEYC) in 2016 has provided an international curriculum for early years learners aged 2–5, growing to 500 schools and early years settings between 2016 and 2021. In 2013, 3063 schools were offering the international baccalaureate curriculum in the world, and over 1000 schools offering the IEYC, IPC and/or IMYC around the world. The curriculum could also be based on

1548-587: The main language. 52% of international schools offer a UK style of education, around 20% offer the International Baccalaureate Programme, and 21% offer US-style education. Statically, international school students have achieved higher examination marks compared with the global average: There has also been an increase in The National Curriculum of England and Cambridge Curriculum as a curriculum choice over

1591-407: The minimum entry requirements for each particular higher education programme that they offer. The A-Level is an entry qualification for universities in the United Kingdom and many other universities across the world. Students that are interested in pursuing higher education will usually enrol in pre-university and further education programmes. Technical and vocational education in the United Kingdom

1634-478: The past 10 years. Schools are also adopting a hybrid model of teaching and learning moving forward to provide more flexibility. With the increase in situations such as diplomat relocation or missionary travels, there has been an increase in the demand for international schools. Especially within the start of the 20th century, there has been a massive growth in international schools worldwide. In 2011 alone, 345 new International schools were established. According to

1677-487: The promotion of concepts such as world citizenship , pluralism , and intercultural understanding ; most are private schools. Many international schools adopt a curriculum from programmes and organisations such as the International Baccalaureate , Edexcel , Cambridge International Education , FOBISIA , International Primary Curriculum , or Advanced Placement . International schools often follow

1720-747: The rest in the workplace to hone their skills. T Levels are a technical qualification being introduced between Autumn 2020 and 2023. They are intended to provide the knowledge and experience needed for learners to progress to skilled employment, further study or a higher apprenticeship. In 2018 The Guardian commented that successful schools tend to choose pupils from high–achieving backgrounds. Pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds, and challenging pupils, tend to be concentrated in schools that do less well in inspections. Also that children from prosperous backgrounds are more likely to be in good or outstanding schools while disadvantaged children are more likely to be in inadequate schools. The inequality gap as of 2015

1763-495: The school's original country education. Schools that are a part of the International Schools Consortium (iSC) deliver an International Standard Classification of Education ( ISCED ) curriculum. This is the standard curriculum for American schools. High school education includes core classes such as English, Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physical Education, Science, Social Studies, and Fine Arts, with

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1806-484: The sciences, humanities, the arts, physical education, information technology, and design technology. More recent developments for primary school include the IB Primary Years Programme (PYP) and International Primary Curriculum (IPC). Secondary education is provided through the relaunched IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) and redeveloped International Middle Years Curriculum (IMYC). Most recently,

1849-602: Was found that White students' predicted A-Level grades were 53% accurate, whilst Black students' received predicted grades that were 39.1% accurate. Black students are also the most likely to receive under-predicted grades by their teachers. It was found that 7.1% of Black students received higher actual grades compared to 6.6% of White students, 6.5% of Asian students and 6.1% of Mixed students. In 2018, of all teachers in state-funded schools in England, 14.1% were from BAME groups. 33.5% of primary school and 31.3% of secondary school pupils in England were from BAME groups. In 2015/16,

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