A learned society ( / ˈ l ɜːr n ɪ d / ; also scholarly , intellectual , or academic society ) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline , profession , or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences . Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.
14-507: The Scottish Tartans Society (STS) was a society committed to the recording and preservation of woven tartan designs from around the world; it maintained the Register of All Publicly Known Tartans . The society was first formed in 1963 and existed for about 40 years. The Scottish Tartans Society ceased to record new tartan designs in about the year 2000, having recorded about 2,700 different designs. Today, similar functions are provided by
28-496: A particular subject or discipline, provided they pay their membership fees. Older and more academic/professional societies may offer associateships and/or fellowships to fellows who are appropriately qualified by honoris causa , or by submission of a portfolio of work or an original thesis. A benefit of membership may be discounts on the subscription rates for the publications of the society. Many of these societies award post-nominal letters to their memberships. The membership at
42-544: A separate entity. STS also operated a tartan museum in Edinburgh, which closed with the closure of STS itself. In 1996, several members of the society left to create their own organisation, called the Scottish Tartans Authority (STA). The Scottish Tartans Society ran into financial difficulties and ceased to record new tartan designs around the year 2000. The society is now defunct. The archives of
56-804: The American Association for the Advancement of Science , specific to a given discipline, such as the Modern Language Association , or specific to a given area of study, such as the Royal Entomological Society . Most are either specific to a particular country (e.g. the Entomological Society of Israel ), though they generally include some members from other countries as well, often with local branches, or are international, such as
70-969: The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions or the Regional Studies Association , in which case they often have national branches. But many are local, such as the Massachusetts Medical Society , the publishers of the internationally known The New England Journal of Medicine . Some learned societies (such as the Royal Society Te Apārangi ) have been rechartered by legislation to form quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations . Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honor conferred by election. Some societies offer membership to those who have an interest in
84-1164: The World Association in Economics is free of cost. Following the globalization and the development of information technology, certain scholarly societies—such as the Modern Language Association—have created virtual communities for their members. In addition to established academic associations, academic virtual communities have been so organized that, in some cases, they have become more important platforms for interaction and scientific collaborations among researchers and faculty than have traditional scholarly societies. Members of these online academic communities, grouped by areas of interests, use for their communication shared and dedicated listservs (for example JISCMail ), social networking services (like Facebook or LinkedIn ) and academic oriented social networks (like Humanities Commons, ResearchGate , Mendeley or Academia.edu ). Acad%C3%A9mie des Jeux floraux Too Many Requests If you report this error to
98-481: The sociology of science argue that learned societies are of key importance and their formation assists in the emergence and development of new disciplines or professions. In the form of professional associations, they can assist in the creation of pathways to leadership. The World Association in Economics provides help to the members of the WAE on the following issues: Societies can be very general in nature, such as
112-677: The Scottish Tartans Society were kept, since STS's closure, by the Scottish Tartans World Register (STWR). This organisation was a non-authoritative body formed by a consultant to STS, and aimed to record any tartan, new or old, upon request. STWR was the trading name of a registered company, Tartan Registration Ltd, also a registered Scottish charity. STWR's database, also called the Scottish Tartans World Register ,
126-873: The Scottish government's Scottish Register of Tartans (SRT), which affords some legal recognition to tartans registered with it, and the nonprofit Scottish Tartans Authority (STA), founded by former STS members. The Scottish Tartans Society was first formed in 1963, as the Scottish Tartans Information Centre , by several scholars of tartan and Highland dress , with the encouragement of the Lord Lyon King of Arms . The society set out to preserve and record every woven tartan known, including clan tartans and artefacts from several museums and private collections. The society also strove to promote research into Highland dress, and to assist in
140-475: The designing of new tartans. It was also a recognised charity , under Scots law . The society's register of tartans was known as the Register of All Publicly Known Tartans ( RAPKT ). This register was originally a physical collection, consisting of tartans and fabrics. Later, however, the register was eventually transferred to computer in the form of an electronic database. About 2,700 tartans were recorded by
154-769: The presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership. Some of the oldest learned societies are the Académie des Jeux floraux (founded 1323), Sodalitas Litterarum Vistulana (founded 1488), Accademia della Crusca (founded 1583), Accademia dei Lincei (founded 1603), Académie Française (founded 1635), German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (founded 1652), Royal Society (founded 1660) and French Academy of Sciences (founded 1666). Scholars in
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#1732782991221168-608: The society was accounted as an "Incorporation Noble in the Noblesse of Scotland", being granted a coat of arms by the Lord Lyon King of Arms . In 1988, the society established the Scottish Tartans Museum and Heritage Center , which has exhibits relating to tartan and Highland dress, in Highlands, North Carolina , United States. In 1994, the museum moved to Franklin , North Carolina, where it still operates as
182-462: The society, categorised as clan or family, district, individual, commemorative, and other. Registration of new designs was not free of charge. STS also (at additional expense and primarily for corporate organisations) hosted rather elaborate "ceremonies of accreditation" for registrants, featuring society members in Highland dress, pipers, presentation of an accreditation scroll, and a prayer. In 1976,
196-700: Was based upon the Register of All Publicly Known Tartans , and included about 3,000 tartan designs. The STWR's data has been subsumed into that of the Scottish Register of Tartans (SRT) in Edinburgh, which is the Scottish government's official register of tartans. STWR no longer registers tartans, and directs interested parties to the SRT. STWR ceased operation some time after 2008. Learned society Most learned societies are non-profit organizations , and many are professional associations . Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for
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