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67-588: The ISPL was inspired by a cricket talent hunt which took place in 2021 in the Dharavi slums, with the idea being to help poorer athletes have a chance to play professional cricket. Indian cricket icon Sachin Tendulkar has been named as the Core Committee member of the tournament alongside BCCI treasurer Ashish Shelar and Amol Kale . Former Indian team head coach Ravi Shastri has been appointed as

134-443: A folk art , using materials that were accessible to nonprofessionals. Examples include Hardanger embroidery from Norway; Merezhka from Ukraine ; Mountmellick embroidery from Ireland; Nakshi kantha from Bangladesh and West Bengal ; Achachi from Peru ; and Brazilian embroidery . Many techniques had a practical use such as Sashiko from Japan , which was used as a way to reinforce clothing. While historically viewed as

201-540: A 22-minute film on Dharavi which is entitled The Way of Dharavi . Hitman 2 , a video game released in 2018, featured the slums of Mumbai in one of its missions. The Mumbai based video game Mumbai Gullies is expected to feature the slums of Dharavi in the fictional map. Embroidery Embroidery is the art of decorating fabric or other materials using a needle to stitch thread or yarn . Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as pearls , beads , quills , and sequins . In modern days, embroidery

268-646: A cholera epidemic was reported, where most patients were children of Dharavi. Typical patients to arrive in hospitals were in late and critical care condition, and the mortality rates were abnormally high. In recent years, cases of drug resistant tuberculosis have been reported in Dharavi. Fires and other disasters are common. For example, in January 2013, a fire destroyed many slum properties and caused injuries. In 2005, massive floods caused deaths and extensive property damage. The COVID-19 pandemic also affected

335-469: A copy of The Epistles of Saint Paul, whose cover was reputedly embroidered by the Queen. In 18th-century England and its colonies, with the rise of the merchant class and the wider availability of luxury materials, rich embroideries began to appear in a secular context. These embroideries took the form of items displayed in private homes of well-to-do citizens, as opposed to a church or royal setting. Even so,

402-408: A fabric mesh to create a dense pattern that completely covers the foundation fabric. Examples of canvas work include bargello and Berlin wool work . Embroidery can also be classified by the similarity of its appearance. In drawn thread work and cutwork , the foundation fabric is deformed or cut away to create holes that are then embellished with embroidery, often with thread in the same color as

469-509: A few similar stitches in a variety of hues. In contrast, many forms of surface embroidery make use of a wide range of stitching patterns in a single piece of work. Training women in traditional embroidery skills in Inner Mongolia , was begun by Bai Jingying as a reaction to the financial pressures caused by the impact of climate change, including desertification , in the region. Embroidery can be classified according to what degree

536-526: A literacy rate of 69%, Dharavi is the most literate slum in India. The western edge of Dharavi is where its original inhabitants, the Kolis, reside. Dharavi consists of various language speakers such as Gujarati, Hindi , Marathi , Tamil , Telugu , and many more. The slum residents are from all over India, people who migrated from rural regions of many different states. About 29% of the population of Dharavi

603-463: A mark of wealth and status. In medieval England, Opus Anglicanum , a technique used by professional workshops and guilds in medieval England , was used to embellish textiles used in church rituals. In 16th century England, some books, usually bibles or other religious texts, had embroidered bindings. The Bodleian Library in Oxford contains one presented to Queen Elizabeth I in 1583. It also owns

670-633: A number of Indian films, including Deewaar (1975), Nayakan (1987), Salaam Bombay! (1988), Parinda (1989), Dharavi (1991), Bombay (1995), Ram Gopal Varma 's " Indian Gangster Trilogy " (1998–2005), the Sarkar series (2005–2017), Footpath (2003), Black Friday (2004), Mumbai Xpress (2005), No Smoking (2007), Traffic Signal (2007), Aamir (2008), Mankatha (2011), Thalaivaa (2013), Bhoothnath Returns (2014), Kaala (2018) and Gully Boy (2019). Dharavi, Slum for Sale (2009) by Lutz Konermann and Rob Appleby

737-422: A number of water wells that are sources of non-potable water. Cooking gas is supplied in the form of liquefied petroleum gas cylinders sold by state-owned oil companies, as well as through piped natural gas supplied by Mahanagar Gas Limited. There are settlement houses that still do not have legal connections to the utility service and thus rely on illegal connection to the water and power supply which means

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804-424: A pastime, activity, or hobby, intended just for women, embroidery has often been used as a form of biography. Women who were unable to access a formal education or, at times, writing implements, were often taught embroidery and utilized it as a means of documenting their lives by telling stories through their embroidery. In terms of documenting the histories of marginalized groups, especially women of color both within

871-499: A population of about 1,000,000. With a population density of over 277,136/km (717,780/sq mi), Dharavi is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. The Dharavi slum was founded in 1884 during the British colonial era, and grew because the expulsion of factories and residents from the peninsular city centre by the colonial government and from the migration of rural Indians into urban Mumbai. For this reason, Dharavi

938-433: A predetermined number of threads in the foundation fabric. Counted-thread embroidery is more easily worked on an even-weave foundation fabric such as embroidery canvas , aida cloth , or specially woven cotton and linen fabrics. Examples include cross-stitch and some forms of blackwork embroidery . While similar to counted thread in regards to technique, in canvas work or needlepoint , threads are stitched through

1005-428: A result of an increasing need for relaxation and digitally disconnecting practices. Modern hand embroidery, as opposed to cross-stitching , is characterized by a more "liberal" approach, where stitches are more freely combined in unconventional ways to create various textures and designs. Modern canvas work tends to follow symmetrical counted stitching patterns with designs emerging from the repetition of one or just

1072-400: A survey is being conducted by Adani Group to rehabilitate Dharavi residents for redevelopment. The total current population of the Dharavi slum is unknown because of fast changes in the population of migrant workers coming from neighbouring Gujarat state, though voter turnout for the 2019 Maharashtra state legislative assembly election was 119,092 (yielding a 60% rate). Some sources suggest it

1139-411: A water and power shortage for the residents in Dharavi. Dharavi has severe problems with public health. Water access derives from public standpipes stationed throughout the slum. Additionally, with the limited lavatories they have, they are extremely filthy and broken down to the point of being unsafe. Mahim Creek is a local river that is widely used by local residents for urination and defecation causing

1206-457: A widespread plague in 1896 which killed over half of the population of Bombay. Sanitation in the slums remains poor. In the 18th century, Dharavi was an island with a predominantly mangrove swamp . It was a sparsely populated village before the late 19th century, inhabited by Koli fishermen. Dharavi was then referred to as the village of Koliwada . In the 1850s, after decades of urban growth under East India Company and British Raj ,

1273-446: Is 300,000 to about a million. With Dharavi spread over 200 hectares (500 acres), it is also estimated to have a population density of 869,565 people per square mile. Among the people, about 20% work on animal skin production, tanneries and leather goods. Other artisans specialise in pottery work, textile goods manufacturing, retail and trade, distilleries and other caste professions – all of these as small-scale household operations. With

1340-423: Is Muslim. The Christian population is estimated to be about 6%, while the rest are predominantly Hindus with some Buddhists and other minority religions. The slum has numerous mosques, temples and churches to serve people of Hindu, Islam and Christian faiths, with Badi Masjid, a mosque, as the oldest religious structure in Dharavi. Dharavi is a large area situated between Mumbai's two main suburban railway lines,

1407-539: Is a German documentary . In a programme aired in the United Kingdom in January 2010, Kevin McCloud and Channel 4 aired a two-part series titled Slumming It which centered around Dharavi and its inhabitants. The poem " Blessing " by Imtiaz Dharker is about Dharavi not having enough water. For The Win , by Cory Doctorow , is partially set in Dharavi. In 2014, Belgian researcher Katrien Vankrunkelsven made

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1474-610: Is close to the Bandra Kurla Complex , which is India's richest business district and one of the richest in Asia. In the spring of 2023, it became known that the Indian billionaire Gautam Adani intends to do the reconstruction of Dharavi. Adani Properties Pvt. offers the largest amount of construction investments - 615 million dollars. Mumbai authorities estimate the total cost of the work at $ 2.4 billion. As of April 2024,

1541-411: Is currently a highly diverse settlement religiously and ethnically. Dharavi has an active informal economy in which numerous household enterprises employ many of the slum residents —leather, textiles and pottery products are among the goods made inside Dharavi. The total annual turnover has been estimated at over US$ 1 billion. Dharavi has suffered from many epidemics and other disasters, including

1608-411: Is prone to breaking and is avoided. There has also been a development in free hand machine embroidery, new machines have been designed that allow for the user to create free-motion embroidery which has its place in textile arts, quilting, dressmaking, home furnishings and more. Users can use the embroidery software to digitize the digital embroidery designs. These digitized design are then transferred to

1675-426: Is reported to employ approximately 250,000 people. While recycling is a major industry in the neighborhood, it is also reported to be a source of heavy pollution in the area. The district has an estimated 5,000 businesses and 15,000 single-room factories. Two major suburban railways feed into Dharavi, making it an important commuting station for people in the area going to and from work. Dharavi exports goods around

1742-454: Is uncertain whether this work simply reinforced the seams or should be interpreted as decorative embroidery. Depending on time, location and materials available, embroidery could be the domain of a few experts or a widespread, popular technique. This flexibility led to a variety of works, from the royal to the mundane. Examples of high status items include elaborately embroidered clothing, religious objects, and household items often were seen as

1809-405: Is used to add logos and monograms to business shirts or jackets, gifts, and team apparel as well as to decorate household items for the bed and bath and other linens, draperies, and decorator fabrics that mimic the elaborate hand embroidery of the past. Machine embroidery is most typically done with rayon thread , although polyester thread can also be used. Cotton thread, on the other hand,

1876-510: Is usually seen on hats, clothing, blankets, and handbags. Embroidery is available in a wide variety of thread or yarn colour. It is often used to personalize gifts or clothing items. Some of the basic techniques or stitches of the earliest embroidery are chain stitch , buttonhole or blanket stitch , running stitch , satin stitch , and cross stitch . Those stitches remain the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today. The process used to tailor, patch, mend and reinforce cloth fostered

1943-438: The wet season . Dharavi is considered one of the largest slums in the world. The low-rise building style and narrow street structure of the area make Dharavi very cramped and confined. Like most slums, it is overpopulated. In addition to the traditional pottery and textile industries in Dharavi, there is an increasingly large recycling industry, processing recyclable waste from other parts of Mumbai . Recycling in Dharavi

2010-425: The "Dharavi Masterplan" devised by British architectural and engineering firm Foster + Partners, that proposes "double-height spaces that create an intricate vertical landscape and reflect the community's way of life" built-in phases that the firm says would "eliminate the need for transit camps," instead catalyzing the rehabilitation of Dharavi "from within." A Dubai-based firm, SecLink Group, has planned to redevelop

2077-424: The "craft of the two hands". In cities such as Damascus , Cairo and Istanbul , embroidery was visible on handkerchiefs , uniforms, flags, calligraphy , shoes, robes , tunics, horse trappings, slippers, sheaths, pouches, covers, and even on leather belts . Craftsmen embroidered items with gold and silver thread. Embroidery cottage industries, some employing over 800 people, grew to supply these items. In

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2144-508: The 16th century, in the reign of the Mughal Emperor Akbar , his chronicler Abu al-Fazl ibn Mubarak wrote in the famous Ain-i-Akbari : His majesty [Akbar] pays much attention to various stuffs; hence Irani , Ottoman , and Mongolian articles of wear are in much abundance especially textiles embroidered in the patterns of Nakshi , Saadi , Chikhan , Ari , Zardozi , Wastli , Gota and Kohra . The imperial workshops in

2211-413: The Dharavi area is managed by American-trained architect Mukesh Mehta. The plan involves the construction of 2,800,000 square metres (30,000,000 sq ft) of housing , schools, parks and roads to serve the 57,000 families residing in the area, along with 3,700,000 square metres (40,000,000 sq ft) of residential and commercial space for sale. There is still a significant local opposition to

2278-780: The Kumbhars, a large Gujarati community of potters. The colonial government granted them a 99-year land-lease in 1895. Rural migrants looking for jobs poured into Bombay, and its population soared past 1 million. Other artisans, like the embroidery workers from Uttar Pradesh , started the ready-made garments trade. These industries created jobs, labor moved in, but there was no government effort to plan or investment in any infrastructure in or near Dharavi. The living quarters and small scale factories grew haphazardly, without provision for sanitation, drains, safe drinking water, roads or other basic services. But some ethnic, caste and religious communities that settled in Dharavi at that time helped build

2345-602: The United States and around the world, embroidery is a means of studying the everyday lives of those whose lives largely went unstudied throughout much of history. Since the late 2010s, there has been a growth in the popularity of embroidering by hand. As a result of visual social media such as Pinterest and Instagram , artists are able to share their work more extensively, which has inspired younger generations to pick up needle and threads. Contemporary embroidery artists believe hand embroidery has grown in popularity as

2412-740: The Western and Central Railways. It is also adjacent to Mumbai Airport . To the west of Dharavi are Mahim and Bandra , and to the north lies the Mithi River . The Mithi River empties into the Arabian Sea through the Mahim Creek . The area of Antop Hill lies to the east while the locality called Matunga is located in the South. Due to its location and poor sewage and drainage systems, Dharavi particularly becomes vulnerable to floods during

2479-488: The amount of disease as doctors have to deal with over 4,000 cases of typhoid a day. In a 2006 Human Development Report by the UN, they estimated there was an average of 1 toilet for every 1,440 people. Dharavi has experienced a long history of epidemics and natural disasters, sometimes with significant loss of lives. The first plague to devastate Dharavi, along with other settlements of Mumbai, happened in 1896, when nearly half of

2546-491: The chief mentor of the tournament. The first season had an overall viewership of 11 million, and 500,000 fans attending the matches. The ISPL has announced plans to start a 6-team Middle East edition in the future. A record bid of ₹ 1,165 crore (US$ 140 million) was made for six teams, with Bollywood star Akshay Kumar's Srinagar Ke Veer fetching the highest bid of ₹ 251 crore (US$ 30 million) from Sanjay Gupta and Rohan Gupta’s SG Sports Pvt. Ltd. The winning team of

2613-471: The city's population reached half a million. The urban area then covered mostly the southern extension of Bombay peninsula, the population density was over 10 times higher than London at that time. The most polluting industries were tanneries, and the first tannery moved from peninsular Bombay into Dharavi in 1887. People who worked with leather, typically a profession of lowest Hindu castes and of Muslim Indians, moved into Dharavi. Other early settlers included

2680-401: The city. Bombay, meanwhile, continued to grow as a city. Soon Dharavi was surrounded by the city, and became a key hub for informal economy. Starting from the 1950s, proposals for Dharavi redevelopment plans periodically came out, but most of these plans failed because of lack of financial banking and/or political support. Dharavi's Co-operative Housing Society was formed in the 1960s to uplift

2747-495: The design takes into account the nature of the base material and by the relationship of stitch placement to the fabric. The main categories are free or surface embroidery , counted-thread embroidery , and needlepoint or canvas work. In free or surface embroidery, designs are applied without regard to the weave of the underlying fabric. Examples include crewel and traditional Chinese and Japanese embroidery. Counted-thread embroidery patterns are created by making stitches over

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2814-400: The development of sewing techniques, and the decorative possibilities of sewing led to the art of embroidery. Indeed, the remarkable stability of basic embroidery stitches has been noted: It is a striking fact that in the development of embroidery ... there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or interpreted as advances from a primitive to a later, more refined stage. On

2881-422: The early twentieth century and developed a machine embroidery industry there. Shiffli machines have continued to evolve and are still used for industrial scale embroidery. Contemporary embroidery is stitched with a computerized embroidery machine using patterns digitized with embroidery software . In machine embroidery , different types of "fills" add texture and design to the finished work. Machine embroidery

2948-484: The embroideries themselves may still have had religious themes. Samplers employing fine silks were produced by the daughters of wealthy families. Embroidery was a skill marking a girl's path into womanhood as well as conveying rank and social standing. Embroidery was an important art and signified social status in the Medieval Islamic world as well. The 17th-century Turkish traveler Evliya Çelebi called it

3015-429: The former slums of Hong Kong such as Tai Hang . In 2004, the cost of redevelopment was estimated to be ₹ 5,000 crore (US$ 600 million). Companies from around the world have bid to redevelop Dharavi, including Lehman Brothers , Dubai's Limitless and Singapore's Capitaland Ltd. In 2010, it was estimated to cost ₹ 15,000 crore (US$ 1.8 billion) to redevelop. The latest urban redevelopment plan proposed for

3082-406: The foundation fabric. When created with white thread on white linen or cotton, this work is collectively referred to as whitework . However, whitework can either be counted or free. Hardanger embroidery is a counted embroidery and the designs are often geometric. Conversely, styles such as Broderie anglaise are similar to free embroidery, with floral or abstract designs that are not dependent on

3149-516: The group stages was published on 5 March 2024. Sony Sports Network is the broadcasting partner of the league, while SonyLIV is the digital streaming partner. • Entertainers Cricket League T10 Dharavi Dharavi is a residential area in Mumbai , Maharashtra , India. It has often been considered to be one of the world's largest slums . Dharavi has an area of just over 2.39 square kilometres (0.92 sq mi; 590 acres) and

3216-514: The highest and Srinagar Ke Veer were the lowest spenders. Chennai Singams - ₹ 96.4 lakh (US$ 120,000) Falcon Risers Hyderabad - ₹ 93.65 lakh (US$ 110,000) Tigers of Kolkata - ₹ 87.35 lakh (US$ 100,000) Majhi Mumbai - ₹ 84.3 lakh (US$ 100,000) Bangalore Strikers - ₹ 77.3 lakh (US$ 93,000) Srinagar Ke Veer - ₹ 52.4 lakh (US$ 63,000) All matches were played in Dadoji Kondadev Stadium , Thane . [1] The schedule for

3283-509: The inaugural ISPL season earns ₹ 1 crore (US$ 120,000), while the runner-up gets ₹ 50 lakh (US$ 60,000). The following rule modifications to the T10 format are in effect in ISPL matches: 96 players were selected out of a pool of 350 players. A total of ₹ 4.91 crore (US$ 590,000) was spent on the players selected. The total salary cap of each team was ₹ 1 crore (US$ 120,000). Chennai Singams were

3350-449: The industrial and the residential part of Dharavi and explaining about the problems and challenges Dharavi is facing. These tours give a deeper insight into a slum in general and Dharavi in particular. Potable water is supplied by the MCGM to Dharavi and the whole of Mumbai. However, a large amount of water is lost due to water thefts, illegal connection and leakage. The community also has

3417-458: The lives of thousands of slum dwellers by the initiative of Shri. M.V. Duraiswamy, a well-known social worker and Congress leader of that region. The society promoted 338 flats and 97 shops and was named as Dr. Baliga Nagar. By the late 20th century, Dharavi occupied about 175 hectares (432 acres), with an astounding population density of more than 2,900 people per hectare (1,200/acre). There have been many plans since 1997 to redevelop Dharavi like

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3484-452: The living. Inside the huts, it is, however, very clean, and some huts share some elements of beauty. Nice curtains at the windows and balconies covered by flowers and plants indicate that people try to arrange their homes as cosy and comfortable as possible. In the West, Dharavi was most notably used as the backdrop in the British film Slumdog Millionaire (2008). It has also been depicted in

3551-531: The material and ensure even stitching tension that prevents pattern distortion. The development of machine embroidery and its mass production came about in stages during the Industrial Revolution . The first embroidery machine was the hand embroidery machine , invented in France in 1832 by Josué Heilmann. The next evolutionary step was the schiffli embroidery machine . The latter borrowed from

3618-445: The most economical of expensive yarns; couching is generally used for goldwork . Canvas work techniques, in which large amounts of yarn are buried on the back of the work, use more materials but provide a sturdier and more substantial finished textile. A needle is the main stitching tool in embroidery, and comes in various sizes and types. In both canvas work and surface embroidery an embroidery hoop or frame can be used to stretch

3685-641: The other hand, we often find in early works a technical accomplishment and high standard of craftsmanship rarely attained in later times. The art of embroidery has been found worldwide and several early examples have been found. Works in China have been dated to the Warring States period (5th–3rd century BC). In a garment from Migration period Sweden, roughly 300–700 AD, the edges of bands of trimming are reinforced with running stitch, back stitch, stem stitch, tailor's buttonhole stitch, and Whip stitch, but it

3752-410: The plans, largely because existing residents still feel 33 square metres (350 sq ft) of revised permanent alternate accommodation per tenant is not adequate each. Furthermore, only those families who lived in the area before 2000 are slated for resettlement. Concerns have also been raised by residents who fear that some of their small businesses in the "informal" sector may not be relocated under

3819-400: The population died. A series of plagues and other epidemics continued to affect Dharavi, and Mumbai in general, for the next 25 years, with high rates of mortality. Dysentery epidemics have been common throughout the years and explained by the high population density of Dharavi. Other reported epidemics include typhoid , cholera , leprosy , amoebiasis and polio . For example, in 1986,

3886-518: The redevelopment plan. Due to this opposition, a trust has been proposed called the Dharavi Community Land Trust that will be made up of community members, landowners and neighborhood associations. In 2008 German students Jens Kaercher and Lucas Schwind won a Next Generation prize for their innovative redevelopment strategy designed to protect the current residents from needing to relocate. Other redevelopment schemes include

3953-534: The settlement of Dharavi by forming organizations and political parties, building school and temples, constructing homes and factories. Dharavi's first mosque, Badi Masjid, started in 1887 and the oldest Hindu temple, Ganesh Mandir, was built in 1913. At India's independence from colonial rule in 1947, Dharavi had grown to be the largest slum in Bombay and all of India. It still had a few empty spaces, which continued to serve as waste-dumping grounds for operators across

4020-516: The sewing machine and the Jacquard loom to fully automate its operation. The manufacture of machine-made embroideries in St. Gallen in eastern Switzerland flourished in the latter half of the 19th century. Both St. Gallen, Switzerland and Plauen, Germany were important centers for machine embroidery and embroidery machine development. Many Swiss and Germans immigrated to Hudson county, New Jersey in

4087-530: The slum into a completely new area. On setting up of the SPV, the private firm will have to bring in the equity of Rs 400 crore, while the state government will invest another Rs 100 crore. The company planning to do it is also building infrastructure and affordable housing projects in Singapore and Dubai. Following the empowered committee's nod, the senior state officials said that an MoU will soon be executed between

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4154-474: The slum. The first case was reported in April 2020. From the main road leading through Dharavi, the place makes a desperate impression. However, once having entered the narrow lanes Dharavi proves that the prejudice of slums as dirty, underdeveloped, and criminal places does not fit real living conditions. Sure, communal sanitation blocks that are mostly in a miserable condition and overcrowded space do not comfort

4221-455: The spread of contagious diseases. The open sewers in the city drain to the creek causing a spike in water pollutants, septic conditions, and foul odours. Due to the air pollutants, diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and asthma are common among residents. There are government proposals in regards to improving Dharavi's sanitation issues. The residents have a section where they wash their clothes in water that people defecate in. This spreads

4288-506: The state government, and the Dharavi Redevelopment Project Authority (DRPA) and the company. With an almost estimated cost of over Rs 26,000 crore, the Dharavi makeover project is the biggest brownfield redevelopment project in India. To make the redevelopment more economically viable, the state government's plan is involving transforming the region into a hub for commercial and business activity. Dharavi

4355-401: The towns of Lahore , Agra , Fatehpur and Ahmedabad turn out many masterpieces of workmanship in fabrics, and the figures and patterns, knots and variety of fashions which now prevail astonish even the most experienced travelers. Taste for fine material has since become general, and the drapery of embroidered fabrics used at feasts surpasses every description. Conversely, embroidery is also

4422-542: The weave of the fabric. The fabrics and yarns used in traditional embroidery vary from place to place. Wool , linen , and silk have been in use for thousands of years for both fabric and yarn . Today, embroidery thread is manufactured in cotton , rayon , and novelty yarns as well as in traditional wool, linen, and silk. Ribbon embroidery uses narrow ribbon in silk or silk/ organza blend ribbon, most commonly to create floral motifs. Surface embroidery techniques such as chain stitch and couching or laid-work are

4489-648: The world. Often these consist of various leather products, jewellery, various accessories, and textiles. Markets for Dharavi's goods include stores in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. The total (and largely informal economy) turnover is estimated to be between US$ 500 million, and US$ 650 million per year, to over US$ 1 billion per year. The per capita income of the residents, depending on estimated population range of 300,000 to about 1 million, ranges between US$ 500 and US$ 2,000 per year. A few travel operators offer guided tours through Dharavi, showing

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